热点话题05 自然灾害——德克萨斯州水灾（阅读专练）-2026年高考英语复习 时文热点阅读系列（全国通用）

这是一份热点话题05 自然灾害——德克萨斯州水灾（阅读专练）-2026年高考英语复习 时文热点阅读系列（全国通用），文件包含热点话题05自然灾害德克萨斯州水灾阅读专练原卷版-2026年高考英语复习时文热点阅读系列全国通用docx、热点话题05自然灾害德克萨斯州水灾阅读专练解析版-2026年高考英语复习时文热点阅读系列全国通用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创语法填空
【原创·阅读理解】
【课标词汇积累】
【课标词汇训练】
【参考译文】
好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练
【阅读理解】
【7选5】
【完形填空】
【语法填空】
时文精读
读
【话题·导语】
最近美国德克萨斯州发生了严重的水灾，在得克萨斯州的洪水中，超过160人失踪。可能需要几个月的时间才能找到他们所有人。
【原文·时文阅读】
（文章来源：）
It culd take weeks — r even mnths — t lcate the mre than 160 peple believed t be missing after the deadly flds in Central Texas ver the Furth f July weekend, accrding t an Army lieutenant general wh led the military respnse t Hurricane Katrina.
Officials have nt fund any survivrs f the Texas Hill Cuntry flds since July 4. Gv. Greg Abbtt has pledged that search effrts will cntinue until every missing persn is fund.
But the thusands f fficials and vlunteers scuring the fld-affected zne are bund t run int challenges psed by the wreckage and the current envirnmental cnditins, retired Army Lieutenant Gen. Russel L. Hnré tld Mrning Editin.
Hnré led the effrt t bring military relief t New Orleans after Katrina in 2005 and has spent years wrking n disaster recvery peratins.
Search effrts can be painstakingly slw because piled up debris has t be carefully remved, Hnré said.
"It's nt like bringing the excavatr in and start mving debris. Yu've gt t take it ff a piece at a time and respect that that might be a persn under the next piece f wd yu're picking up," Hnré said. Rain that fell after the initial devastating flding als slwed search effrts.
On Wednesday, the Kerville Plice Department asked vlunteers n scial media t nt use heavy equipment t tear dwn large pieces f debris "due t the pssibility that a victim culd be inside."
【原创·语法填空】
It culd take weeks — r even mnths — t lcate the mre than 160 peple believed t be 1._______(miss) after the deadly flds in Central Texas ver the Furth f July weekend, accrding t an Army lieutenant general 2._______ led the military respnse t Hurricane Katrina.
Officials have nt fund any survivrs f the Texas Hill Cuntry flds since July 4. Gv. Greg Abbtt has pledged that search effrts will cntinue until every missing persn3._______(find).
But the thusands f fficials and vlunteers scuring the fld-affected zne are bund t run int4._______(challenge) psed by the wreckage and the current envirnmental cnditins, 5._______(retire) Army Lieutenant Gen. Russel L. Hnré tld Mrning Editin.
Hnré led the effrt t bring military relief t New Orleans after Katrina in 2005 6._______ has spent years wrking n disaster recvery peratins.
Search effrts can be 7._______(painstaking) slw because piled up debris has t be carefully remved, Hnré said.
"It's nt like bringing the excavatr in and start mving debris. Yu've gt t take it ff a piece at 8._______ time and respect that that might be a persn under the next piece f wd yu're picking up," Hnré said. Rain that fell after the initial devastating flding als slwed search effrts.
On Wednesday, the Kerville Plice Department asked vlunteers n scial media t nt use heavy 9._______(equip) t tear dwn large pieces f debris "due 10._______ the pssibility that a victim culd be inside."
【答案】1.missing 2.wh 3. is fund 4.challenges 5.retired 6.and 7.painstakingly 8.a 9.equipment
10.t
【解析】
1.missing考查词形转换。形容词作表语。
2.wh 考查定语从句。在从句中作主语。
3. is fund 考查被动语态。直到每个人被找到。
4.challenges 考查名词复数。意为：很多挑战。
5.retired 考查词形转换。此处意为：退休的。
6.and 考查连词。Led和has spent并列。
7.painstakingly 考查词形转换。修饰形容词slw用副词形式。
8.a考查冠词。 at a time意为：一次。
9.equipment考查词形转换。形容词heavy后，用名词。
10.t考查介词。此处due t是介词短语。
【课标词汇积累】
1.deadly adj.致死的, (贬)极其, 破坏性的, 枯燥的
● The exam week was deadly; everyne stayed up late t study.
考试周简直要命，大家都熬夜学习。
2.respnse n.答复, 反应
●The teacher praised his quick respnse t the difficult questin.
老师表扬了他对难题的迅速反应。
3.survivr n.幸存者，残存者，生还者
●After the sprts day, I felt like a survivr f a marathn.
运动会结束后，我感觉自己像个马拉松幸存者。
4.pledge v.保证，许诺，发誓
●We made a pledge t keep the classrm clean.
我们承诺要保持教室整洁。
5.vlunteer n.志愿者，自告奋勇者, ; v.自告奋勇, 主动提供
●She was the first t vlunteer fr the schl charity event.
她是第一个自愿参加学校慈善活动的。
6.current adj.当前的, 流通的
●My current gal is t imprve my math grades.
我当前的目标是提高数学成绩。
7.recvery n.恢复, 改善, 失而复得
● After the flu, his recvery was slw but steady.
流感过后，他的恢复虽慢但稳定。
8.excavatr n.开凿者，发掘者, 挖掘机
●The histry club used an excavatr mdel t explain ancient ruins.
历史社用挖掘机模型讲解古代遗址。
9.initial adj.开始的; n.首字母
●Her initial reactin t the pp quiz was panic.
她对突击测验的最初反应是恐慌。
10.victim n.受害者，遇难者
●He became a victim f his wn prcrastinatin befre finals.
期末考试前，他成了拖延症的受害者。
【课标词汇训练】
根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。
1.The final exams were _____________, but we supprted each ther thrugh it.
2.The principal's quick _____________ t the bullying incident earned respect.
3.After pulling three all-nighters, she felt like a _____________ f exam week.
4.The class tk a _____________ t stp using plastic bttles during field trips.
5.He _____________ t be the DJ fr the schl dance but frgt his playlist.
6.Her _____________ bsessin is K-pp, judging by her lcker decratins.
7.The ftball team's _____________ after lsing 0-5 became legendary.
8.The archaelgy club used ty_____________ in their sandbx dig.
9.His _____________ attempt at asking her t prm ended in stuttering.
10."I'm a _____________ f my wn bad handwriting," he sighed during the essay test.
Keys:
1.deadly（期末考试要命，但我们互相支持熬了过来。）
2.respnse（校长对霸凌事件的迅速回应赢得了尊重。）
3.survivr（熬了三个通宵后，她觉得自己像考试周的幸存者。）
4.pledge（全班立誓要在郊游时停用塑料瓶。）
5.vlunteered（他自告奋勇当舞会DJ，结果忘了带歌单。）
6.current（从她储物柜的装饰来看，她最近沉迷K-pp。）
7.recvery（足球队从0-5惨败到逆袭的故事成了传奇。）
8.excavatrs（考古社用玩具挖掘机在沙盘里模拟挖掘。）
9.initial（他第一次邀请她去舞会时紧张得结巴。）
10.victim（作文考试时他叹气："我败给自己的烂字了。"）
【参考译文】
据曾指挥卡特里娜飓风救灾的陆军中将透露，要找到7月4日国庆节周末得克萨斯州中部致命洪灾后失踪的160多人，可能需要数周甚至数月时间。自7月4日以来，官方仍未发现得克萨斯丘陵区洪灾的任何幸存者。州长格雷格·阿博特承诺搜救工作将持续至找到所有失踪人员。但正在灾区搜寻的数千名官员和志愿者，势必会面临废墟堆积和恶劣环境带来的挑战。退役陆军中将拉塞尔·L·霍诺尔在接受《晨间新闻》采访时指出，2005年卡特里娜飓风后他主导了新奥尔良的军事救援行动，并长期从事灾后重建工作。霍诺尔表示，由于堆积的残骸必须小心清理，搜救工作往往进展缓慢：“不像开挖掘机直接移动废墟，必须逐块清理，得注意下一块木头下面可能还压着人”。此外，最初毁灭性洪水后的降雨也拖慢了搜救进度。周三，凯维尔警察局在社交媒体呼吁志愿者不要使用重型设备拆除大块残骸，“因为可能存在被困人员”。
好题精练
练
Passage1阅读理解
（2025·江西省九师联盟高三5月检测模拟预测）
While Schenker’s hme weathered Hurricane Helene in September, her friend’s hme in Asheville was destryed by the flding f the Swannana River. Schenker and her friend walked—the rads were blcked—t check the cnditin f the hme.
“We spent abut fur hurs digging thrugh the mud t lk fr any belngings f hers, because her huse literally just didn’t exist anymre,” Schenker recalled.
During that prcess, Schenker fund abut five individual phtgraphs that didn’t belng t her friend r anyne her friend knew. These phts kept Schenker up at night. She went back the next day and fund mre phts frm multiple families. “There were phts f a middle schl basketball team r a belved dg. I als fund a wedding pht f a bride hugging smebdy,” Schenker said. “Yu take phts because yu have a mment yu want t remember, and they did all seem special.”
Schenker started the Phts frm Helene page nline as a virtual Lst and Fund, hping that thrugh the page and wrd f muth, the phts culd be reunited with their wners.
Sme f them were hand-delivered like the nes that were lst by Mary Mss wh lst her hme and car t the fld waters. “At first, when she handed me thse pictures, I just culdn’t even speak,” Mss said. “Yu dn’t expect smething as easily damaged as phts t be returned in such a disaster.”
“While hmes and cars can be replaced, I lst everything I had f my sn Tmmy wh died when he was 12. In the phts Schenker fund almst three miles frm my hme were phts f Tmmy when he was tw years ld dressing up fr a Christmas. In anther he was playing with his brther. It’s the little things, the phts, which are linked with sweet memries that yu can’t replace,” Mss said.
1．Why did Schenker g t her friend’s hme?
A．T shelter herself frm a hurricane.B．T help her friend in a disaster.
C．T cnnect with her family members.D．T check the cnditin f a river.
2．Hw did Schenker try t find the wners f the phts?
A．By making use f the Internet.B．By visiting multiple families in persn.
C．By turning t a lcal schl fr help.D．By cntacting Lst and Fund fficers.
3．Hw did Mss feel at the first sight f her lst phts?
A．Calm.B．Frightened.C．Srrwful.D．Astnished.
4．What d Mss’s wrds in the last paragraph mainly suggest?
A．Her memries f her sn are decreasing.B．She has restred her faith in future life.
C．Her persnal belngings can’t be replaced.D．The returned phts are precius fr her.
【词汇积累】
1.belngings n.所有物, （随身）财物2.literally adv.逐字地, 照字面地, 确实地，真正地
3.individual adj.单独的, 个人的, 独特的4. belved adj.深爱的, 钟爱的; n.爱人
5.reunite vt.使再次联合, 使重聚, 使再结合; vi.重聚, 再结合, 再联合6.multiple adj.多重的,复杂的, 多功能的; n.倍数
Passage2阅读理解
（2025·浙江省绍兴市上虞区高三下学期高考适应性考试）
The number f peple living in urban areas has tripled (三倍) in the last 50 years. If a majr natural disaster hits a city, mre lives are in danger. Meanwhile, extreme weather events are becming strnger and mre frequent than ever due t climate change. Hw can we deal with this grwing threat?
Luckily, AI is stepping up t help. Its applicatins in tackling varius hazards are already making a difference. In Octber 2024, experts used AI mdels t accurately predict where Hurricane Miltn wuld land. AI is als being used t warn the public mre efficiently. The U. S. Natinal Weather Service has partnered with AI translatin firm Lilt t help deliver frecasts in Spanish and Chinese. This culd shrten the time t translate a warning frm an hur t just ten minutes.
Machine learning techniques have been applied t weather frecasting mdels fr years. But recent advances have imprved the accuracy and speed f frecasting. Traditinal mdels, which rely n cmplex equatins t simulate interactins between water and air in the atmsphere, require supercmputers. As a result, they can take hurs t generate a single frecast. By cntrast, AI weather mdels learn t spt patterns by training n decades f climate data. This data can be easily gathered frm satellites and grund sensrs and shared by gvernments.
Hwever, AI mdels are nly as gd as the data they are trained n, which can be a prblem in sme places. Prer regins, ften at the greatest risk f climate disasters, typically have fewer weather sensrs. The nes they d have are ften prly maintained, creating gaps in climate data. AI systems trained n this skewed (有偏差的) data can be less accurate and negatively affect frecasts. In additin, unlike physics-based mdels, which fllw set rules, AI mdels becme mre and mre cmplex. As they advance, these mdels increasingly perate as “black bxes”, where the path frm input t utput becmes less transparent (透明的).
5．What is causing the grwing threats frm natural disasters in cities?
A．Outdated weather mdels in cities.B．Lw disaster risk awareness in cities.
C．Urban grwth raises disaster risks.D．Climate change reduces extreme weather in cities.
6．What des paragraph 2 mainly fcus n?
A．Gvernment effrts in disaster relief.
B．Limitatins f traditinal weather frecasts.
C．Ecnmic impact f disasters n urban areas.
D．AI’s rle in imprving disaster preparedness.
7．Hw d AI frecasting mdels utperfrm traditinal mdels?
A．AI learns frm past data t predict mre quickly.
B．AI is mre transparent than physics-based mdels.
C．AI relies n mre supercmputers fr faster results.
D．AI needs n satellite data, using nly grund sensrs.
8．What is the authr’s verall attitude tward AI’s rle in disaster respnse?
A．Critical f its cmplexity.B．Optimistic despite challenges.
C．Uncertain f its effectiveness.D．Skeptical due t data limitatins.
【长难句分析】
【文章原句】As they advance, these mdels increasingly perate as “black bxes”, where the path frm input t utput becmes less transparent (透明的).
【句式分析】 这个句子是一个复合句，包含主句和从句结构。As they advance是时间状语从句，where the path frm input t utput becmes less transparent是非限制性定语从句。
【翻译】随着这些模型的发展，它们越来越多地作为“黑盒子”运行，从输入到输出的路径变得不那么透明。
Passage 3 7选5
（2025·江苏省南通市海安市高三上学期11月期中）
A smartphne can be a lifeline in a natural disaster. 1 Unfrtunately, many disasters like wildfires, flds, earthquakes and hurricanes take away the exact things phnes rely n t d that wrk: electricity and cell services. Here are sme f the best ways yu can get yur phne in the best shape t help yu.
Assume yur electricity can g ut at any time and plan accrdingly. 2 If pssible, leave them plugged in until the last minute. Als charge any backup batteries and laptps, then make sure all charging crds are cllected in ne place t take with yu. If the pwer is ut, r if yu’re n lnger smeplace with an utlet, yu’ll need t make any charges last as lng as pssible.
3 Extreme cld and heat can cause yur phne battery t be less efficient and even stp yur phne frm wrking. Yu’ll typically see a warning sign n the screen if this happens. If yu can turn it ff, dn’t turn it back n until it’s back t an acceptable temperature. Whether it’s extreme cld r heat, avid leaving yur phne expsed and dn’t leave it in a car.
Yur friends and family will want t knw yu are safe and yur lcatin in case yu aren’t safe. Send yur lcatin with everyne ver text, s they’ll knw where t lk if yu lse cntact. Make sure t include peple utside f the disaster zne. If yu are using a GPS lcatin-sharing ptin, dn’t just send yur current spt ne time. 4
If yu’re struggling t find reliable Internet cnnectins, there are apps that culd still help yu stay in tuch r give yu helpful infrmatin. 5 Fr example, dwnlad the Ggle Maps infrmatin fr surrunding areas in case yu need t mve fast and cell service isn’t available. Put in yur main lcatin, hit the three dts in the crner, select Dwnlad Offline Map. Yu can crp the exact area yu think yu’ll need.
A．Yu shuld select the ptin t share it cnstantly.
B．Charge yur phne and any additinal devices ahead f time.
C．Dn’t use yur phne fr a lng time when in a natural disaster.
D．It can cnnect yu instantly t assistance and real-time resurces.
E．Mst mdern phnes are sturdy but sensitive t their envirnments.
F．Dwnlad and set them up early as part f yur disaster preparatin.
G．If yur phne gets wet, shake ut any excess water and remve the battery.
Passage 4 完形填空
（2025届湖北省黄冈中学高三下学期第四次模拟）
After 17 days f tense rescue effrts, 41 cnstructin wrkers trapped in a cllapsed Himalayan tunnel were finally freed n Tuesday.
The disaster 1 n Nvember 12 when part f a tunnel being built in nrthern India’s Uttarakhand state suddenly cllapsed. Over 60 meters f brken rcks and metal debris 2 the exit, trapping the wrkers inside. Rescue teams immediately began 3 the blckage using heavy machinery, but prgress faced repeated 4 . A key American-made drilling machine brke dwn just meters away frm reaching the trapped men last Friday, frcing wrkers t cmplete the final 5 by hand.
Uttarakhand Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami 6 at a press cnference that all rescued wrkers shwed n signs f serius injury. “Althugh medical teams prepared stretchers (担架), many chse t 7 ut n their wn. Dctrs will cntinue mnitring them, but n serius cnditins have been reprted,” he stated, praising the cmbined 8 f engineers, medical staff, and gvernment departments.
Thrughut the crisis, rescuers 9 cntact with the trapped wrkers thrugh a 53-meter pipe that delivered xygen, fd, and water. Dctrs prvided mental health guidance t help the men stay 10 . Family members 11 every day at the tunnel entrance, praying fr their safe return.
As a backup plan, engineers had started drilling dwnward thrugh 12 muntain areas. Hwever, the riginal hrizntal drilling plan 13 succeeded. In the final stage, rescuers pushed a wide pipe thrugh the cleared path, allwing the wrkers t escape 14 .
The rescued labrers, all migrant wrkers frm India’s less develped regins, demnstrated remarkable 15 during their 17-day undergrund experience.
1．A．attackedB．struckC．startedD．arrived
2．A．clsedB．blckedC．disturbedD．destryed
3．A．cutting thrughB．digging thrughC．drilling thrughD．breaking thrugh
4．A．dangersB．accidentsC．risksD．setbacks
5．A．divisinB．sectinC．jurneyD．attempt
6．A．declaredB．dubtedC．imaginedD．questined
7．A．runB．skipC．crawlD．slide
8．A．effectsB．effrtsC．skillsD．plans
9．A．maintainedB．lstC．builtD．required
10．A．quietB．energizedC．stillD．calm
11．A．metB．frmedC．gatheredD．std
12．A．unusualB．uncmmnC．uncertainD．unstable
13．A．ultimatelyB．suddenlyC．pssiblyD．temprarily
14．A．safelyB．quicklyC．freelyD．bravely
15．A．kindnessB．insightC．strengthD．wisdm
Passage 5 语法填空
（2025·山东省名校考试联盟高三3月高考模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Arund 500 BC, the 1 (state) f the Zhu Dynasty era spread t the Yangtze basin that suffered frm disasters, peridic large-scale flding, 2 each year, they faced mnsn strms and typhn winds alng the cast. The thick frests then were 3 ready supply f wd.
4 (deal) with frequent natural disasters and the destructin due t wars and fighting, the builders in the Zhu regin adpted the dugng bracket system. This system made rebuilding and 5 (maintain) the buildings much mre efficient. The Chinese made their wden buildings slightly flexible t withstand natural disasters and fr easier repair and recnfiguratin as the need 6 (arise). The wden parts such as clumns and beams(横梁) were 7 (easy) replaced r reused t make ther structures as needed since they were nt jined tgether with fasteners.
The durability f the wden buildings has std the test f time, f 8 the Frbidden City is a gd example. After they were built abut 600 years ag, Beijing has experienced abut 200 earthquakes. The buildings survived 9 little damage due t the flexible brackets and lse pillars.
The basic elements f ancient architectural design remained 10 (change) fr thusands f years in China. The essence and wisdm f Chinese architecture will cntinue t serve as an inspiratin fr the wrld civilizatin.