人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction同步达标检测题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction同步达标检测题，共14页。
【教材原句】
Hw d rbts already help humans in their lives tday? (教材P2)
Nw she was being lked after by a rbt that lked s human and it was disturbing. (教材P2)
【辨析】
五个词或短语都表示“人，人类”，但用法有细微区别。
mankind, man作“人类”讲时，都是不可数名词，前面不可加任何冠词（包括定冠词和不定冠词）。它们对应的代词为it或its, 而不是they, them和their
温馨提示：man 做人类讲作主语时，谓语用单数，而human作主语时，谓语既可用单数也可用复数。
human, human being; human race 意思是““人，人类”, 是可数名词，可以构成以下表达：a human; three humans; a human being; tw human beings; a human race; three human races；human 除了作名词，也可作形容词，表示“人的，人类的”。这三个词或词组作名词时完全可以换用。
【例句呈现】
Mankind's/man’s knwledge f the universe has increased beynd measure
人类对于宇宙的了解已经大为增加。
His research is fr the betterment f mankind/man.
他的研究是为全人类造福。
It exerts a civilizing influence n mankind/man.
这产生了教化人类的影响。
The civilizatin f mankind/man has taken thusands f years t develp.
人类经数千年才文明开化。
Mankind must put an end t war, r war will put an end t mankind/man.
人类必须结束战争，否则战争就会毁灭人类。
In the wrld tday, mankind/man is prgressing at a tremendus pace.
在当今世界，人类进步一日千里。
That is n way t treat anther human being/human race/human.
那绝不是对待他人的方式。
Physical perfectin in a human being/human race/human is exceedingly rare.
体貌完美的人极为罕见。
N human being/human race/human n the face f the earth culd d anything wrse than what he did.
世界上再没有人能做出比他更坏的事情来。
N human being/human race/human can be free frm mistakes.
是人总要犯错误。
she's the best human being/human race/human in the wrld.
她是世界上最好的人
Challenges are necessary fr every human being/human race/human wh is seeking quality life.
挑战对于每一个寻找有质量生活的人来说都是十分必要的。
【考点过关】
根据mankind, man, human being, human race和 human的用法填空
1. Althugh the Negres were _______ just like the whites, they were nt treated as human beings.
2. The need t cmmunicate is a key characteristic f ______ sciety.
3. Mankind _______ (use) the hrse since ancient times.
4. Scientists cntinue t push back the bundaries f _______ knwledge.
5. Mankind _______ (try) every means t maintain the balance f nature.
6. Cntact with ther peple is a basic ______ need.
7. All prgressive mankind _______ (lve) peace.
8. She is best knwn fr her wrk n the ______ brain.
9. The Chinese peple shuld make a greater cntributin t ______.
10. Each ______ has t die, but mankind ges n wrld withut end.
11. The cuntry has a pr recrd n ______ rights.
12. Each human being has t die, but _______ ges n wrld withut end.
13. Hw lng can a _______ g withut sleep?
14. In every ______ there is a wish t amelirate his wn cnditin.
15. Asia is ne f the places where _______ riginated.
16. Be a respnsible _______ and d nt d evil things t thers.
17. One f writer's favrite themes is the fraternity f _______.
【参考答案】
1. human beings/humans/human races; 2. human; 3. have/has used; 4. human; 5. have/has been trying; 6. human; 7. lve/lves; 8. human; 9. mankind/man; 10. human being/human race/human; 11. human; 12. mankind/man; 13. human being/human race/human; 14. human being/human race/human; 15. mankind/man; 16. human being/human race/human; 17. mankind/man
●especially; specially
【教材原句】
Claire didn’t want the rbt in her huse, especially as her husband wuld be away n a business trip fr three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the rbt wuldn’t harm her r allw her t be harmed. (教材P2)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法不同。
especially副词，意思是 “尤其；特别；格外地”，往往用来对前面所述情况进行说明或补充，不强调目的性，只强调超乎寻常，通常用来修饰名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或者是句子。
specially副词，意思是“专门地；特意地；特别地”，强调目的的唯一性，暗含“，只是为了…而不为别的”。一般修饰动词或介词短语。
温馨提示：especially和specially一般不换用，但是especially可以和particularly通用。
【例句呈现】
We are especially encuraged by the strng representatin, this year, f wmen in infrmatin technlgy disciplines
今年，女性在信息技术领域的突出表现尤其让我们备受鼓舞。
She was especially fnd f a little girl named Betsy.
她尤其偏爱一个名叫贝齐的小女孩。
Millins f wild flwers clr the valleys, especially in April and May
尤其是在四五月份，不计其数的野花盛开，山谷里一片绚烂色彩。
Under all the inncent fun, there are hidden dangers, especially fr children
在所有简单无害的娱乐项目背后都隐藏着危险，特别是对儿童而言。
Re-apply sunscreen every tw hurs, especially if yu have been swimming.
每两个小时重新涂一次防晒油，尤其是在游泳的时候。
The cmmittee is cncerned abut players' behavir, especially arguing with referees
委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。
Many wmen, especially as they get lder, develp lumpy veins in their legs.
许多妇女，尤其是年纪大了以后，腿上会现出疙疙瘩瘩的青筋。
The ring was specially made fr her.
这枚戒指是为她订做的。
Mst f these tls have been specially adapted fr use by disabled peple.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
The play was written specially fr radi.
这出戏是专为无线电广播而写的。
The cmpst is specially frmulated fr pt plants.
此混合肥料专门用于盆栽植物。
They thught he had escaped thrugh a specially cnstructed tunnel.
他们认为他是通过一条专门修建的地道逃跑的。
Patrick needs t use specially adapted cmputer equipment
帕特里克需要使用专门改装过的计算机设备。
We came specially t learn frm yu.
我们是特地来向您学习的。
【考点过关】
1. I made this _______ fr yur birthday.
2. Their main exprts are textiles, _______ silk and cttn.
3. She came t Lndn ________ t see Buckingham Palace.
4. We are nt _______ interested in watching mvies.
5. Yu can brrw my laptp fr yu exam, and yu dn’t need t buy ne ______.
6. She was _______ fnd f cllecting stamps.
7. The smart-phne is ________ designed fr sftware prfessinals.
8. It’s __________ ht tday.
9. Patrick needs t use _______ adapted cmputer equipment.
10. Millins f wild flwers clr the valleys, ________ in April and May.
11. He came here _________ t say srry t her.
12. He likes all subjects, _________ English.
13. He returned t her hmetwn _________ t see her sick mther
14. These bks will be __________ helpful t thse wh wish t imprve their English.
15. I came here __________ t ask fr yur advice.
16. The Great Wall had been added t, __________ during the Ming Dynasty.
【参考答案】
1. specially; 2. especially; 3. specially; 4. especially; 5. specially; 6. especially; 7. specially; 8. especially; 9. specially; 10. especially; 11. specially; 12. especially; 13. specially; 14. especially; 15. specially; 16. especially
●disturb；interrupt
【教材原句】
Nw she was being lked after by a rbt that lked s human and it was disturbing. (教材P2)
【辨析】
两者都有“打扰”的意思，偶尔可互换，但是在意义上有很大区别。
interrupt 意思是“插嘴；打扰；打岔；使暂停；使中断；阻断，遮挡；打断(某人)”，强调客观上打断或打断别人的交谈，或者是正在进行的事情。
disturb意思是“打扰；干扰；妨碍;搅乱；弄乱；搞乱;使焦虑；使不安；使烦恼;扰乱治安”，侧重指别人在专心做某件事情，或者是在休息的时候，去打扰了对方,引起对方反感，从而使人产生精神层面的烦恼或焦虑。
【例句呈现】
T many examples can interrupt the smth flw f the text.
例子太多会使行文不流畅。
I can't stand peple interrupting all the time.
我不能容忍老有人打岔。
Wuld yu mind nt interrupting all the time?
请你别老是插嘴好吗？
The game was interrupted several times by rain.
比赛因下雨中断了几次。
Srry t interrupt, but there's smene t see yu.
对不起打扰一下，有人要见你。
We interrupt this prgram t bring yu an imprtant news bulletin.
我们暂停本节目，插播重要新闻。
Yu've interrupted my flw ─ I can't remember what I was saying.
你打断了我的话——我记不得我在说什么了。
If yu get up early, try nt t disturb everyne else.
如果你起得早，尽量不要打扰别人。
He knew an intimate little bar where they wuld nt be disturbed.
他知道一处适合幽会的小酒吧，他们在那里不会受到打扰。
His wife's death disturbed the balance f his mind.
妻子的离世使他心神不宁。
She was in a disturbed state f mind.
她的脑子里一片混乱。
It disturbed her t realize that she was alne.
她意识到自己孤单一人，心里感到很不安。
Turists ften disturb the delicate balance f nature n the island.
观光客常常破坏岛上微妙的自然生态平衡。
I didn't like t disturb yu.
我本不愿打搅你。
【考点训练】
用disturb和interrupt的适当形式填空
1. When we were talking, he ften _______ the cnversatin.
2. Dn’t _______ her because she is very busy.
3. His speech was cnstantly _______ by applause.
4. I'll see my patient nw and we expect nt t ________.
5. I was just ging t tell yu when yu _______.
6. It is nt plite ________ when smene is talking.
7. Please cntinue ─ I didn't mean _______.
8. Dn’t ________ me while I am writing.
9. The phne ringing ________ my train f thught.
10. My sister always _______ me when I study.
11. Frgive my ________ but I really dn't agree with that.
12. Please d nt ________ us when we are wrking.
13. He jacked in the earphne s that he wuld nt _______ thers.
14. The manager will be angry if yu ______ him when he's in cnference.
15. It will ________ yur nrmal mind.
【参考答案】
1. interrupted; 2. disturb; 3. interrupted; 4. be disturbed; 5. interrupted; 6. t interrupt; 7. t interrupt; 8. interrupt/disturb; 9. Interrupted; 10. disturbs; 11. interrupting; 12. interrupt/disturb; 13. disturb; 14. disturb; 15. disturb
●ffer; supply; prvide
【教材原句】
Claire thught it was ridiculus that she was being ffered sympathy by a rbt, but she gradually admired his wisdm and integrity and began t trust him. (教材P2)
【辨析】
三者都可表示 “供给、提供”，但用法表达有一定区别。
ffer 表示“提出，提供；呈现”，着重强调主动向别人提供物品、帮助和服务等。常用于ffer t d sth..；ffer sb. sth.= ffer sth. t/fr sb./sth. 句型。
supply表示“供应；补充；弥补”，一般强调替换或补足所需之物以及弥补缺陷，满足要求，常用于supply sb. with sth.= supply sth. t sb.结构。还可作名词，意为“供给（量）；物资；存货”，常用复数形式。
prvide表示“供给，提供，装备；准备”，常强调有预见，通过储存等方式为应对意外、紧急情况等做准备，以便需要时提供所需物品。常用于prvide sb. with sth. = prvide sth. fr/t sb.结构。有时supply 和 prvide 可以互换。
【例句呈现】
Supplies f fd are almst exhausted.
贮存的食物快吃完了。
We cannt guarantee adequate supplies f raw materials.
我们不能保证提供充足的原料。
A transprt plane carrying fd and medical supplies fr refugees has arrived.
一架为难民运送食物和医疗用品的运输机已经到了。
Their aim was t blck guerrilla supply lines.
他们的目的是封锁游击队的供给线。
They are at the end f their fd supply.
他们的食物储备已消耗殆尽。
We are here t prvide a service fr the public.
我们来这里是为公众服务。
The cmpany has wn a cntract t supply bks and materials t schls.
这家公司得到了一份向学校供应图书资料的合同。
Water supplies t the huse are at lw pressure.
这房子的供水压很低。
The hspital has a cmmitment t prvide the best pssible medical care.
这家医院承诺要提供最好的医疗服务。
The netwrk will prvide cmputer services t yur hme.
这个网络将为家庭提供全方位的计算机服务。
A firewall prvides an essential security blanket fr yur cmputer netwrk.
防火墙为计算机网络提供了基本安全保障。
The schl prvided fd fr the students.
学校为学生提供伙食。
They prvided us with all the bks we need.
他们为我们提供所需要的所有书籍。
The bank prvided/supplied him with a lan $100,000.
银行为他提供了10万美元的贷款。
She ffered me a cup f tea.
她给我端了杯茶。
He ffered t g instead f me.
他主动提出代替我去。
Several peple were passing but nbdy ffered t help.
有几个人擦肩而过，却没有人主动提出帮助。
She ffered us five different kinds f cake.
她给我们提供了五种不同的蛋糕。
【考点过关】
根据supply, prvide和ffer的用法填空
1. Our _______ (supply) were running ut.
2. Teachers prvide a mdel ______ children t imitate.
3. The charity aims ________ (prvide) assistance t peple in need.
4. The cars will _______ (supply) t peple all ver the cuntry.
5. Cws supply us _______ milk.
6. In Britain milk is supplied ______ each huse in bttles.
7. We _______ (ffer, prvide) custmers a free hme delivery service.
8. The statistics ffer further supprt _______ ur thery.
9. We _______ (ffer , supply, prvide) a persnal service t all ur custmers.
10. His cmpany ffers a flexible packaging service _______ the fd industry.
【参考答案】
1. supplies; 2. fr/t; 3. prvide; 4. supplied; 5. with; 6. t; 7. ffer; 8. t/fr; 9. ffer/supply/prvide; 10. fr/t
●suggest; advise
【教材原句】
He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends t the huse the night befre he was t leave and Larry was t return. (教材P3)
【辨析】
两者都有“建议”的意思，但有些意义和用法有一定区别。
advise 意思是“建议，提议，劝告，奉劝，报告”，常构成以下结构：
advise sb. (nt) t d sth. 建议某人（不）做某事
advise + sth./ding sth. 提议某事/建议或提议做某事
advise (sb.) against ding sth. 奉劝/建议（某人）不做某事
advise + that sb. (shuld) +d sth. 建议某人做某事，shuld可以省略。
It is advised that…..= It is suggested that…..有人建议/提议…..
suggest意思是“建议，提议；推荐，举荐；暗示，表明”，常构成以下机构：
suggest sb. (sb’s) ding sth. 建议某人做某事 = advise sb. t d sth.
suggest sth./ding sth. 提议某事/建议或提议做某事 = advise + sth./ding sth.
suggest + that sb. (shuld) +d sth. = advise + that sb. (shuld) +d sth.
建议某人做某事，shuld可以省略。
suggest t sb. that…..提议/建议某人某事；向某人建议/提议…..
It is suggested that…. = It is advised that…..有人建议/提议…..
温馨提示：suggest作“暗示，表明”讲时，后面的宾语从句的谓语动词不用虚拟语气(shuld d sth.)，而要根据情况用不同的时态。
【例句呈现】
Yu wuld be well advised t tackle this prblem urgently.
你还是抓紧处理这个问题为好。
Yur lawyer can advise yu whether t take any actin.
你的律师可以告诉你是否起诉。
I will cntact yu later t advise yu when t cme.
稍后我会与你联系，通知你何时前来。
It is strngly advised that yu take ut insurance.
奉劝你务必办理保险。
We've been advised nt t risk travelling in these cnditins.
我们受到忠告，在这种条件下不要冒险出行。
Plice are advising peple t stay at hme.
警方告诫民众要留在家里。
I'd advise yu against ding that.
我劝你别做那事。
The smile n his face seemed t suggest that he was happy t have lst his life fr his cuntry.
他脸上的笑容似乎暗示出他很高兴为自己的祖国献出了生命。
He suggested t the cmmittee that they shuld delay making a decisin.
他向委员会建议推迟决定时间。
I suggest yu take the frms away and read them at yur leisure.
我建议你把表格带回去有空慢慢看。
Her evidence suggests a different interpretatin f the events.
她的证据显示这些事件可能有另外一种解释。
It has been suggested that bright children shuld take their exams early.
有人提议天资好的孩子提前考试。
I suggested ging in my car.
我提议坐我的车去。
I suggest we g ut t eat.
我提议我们出去吃吧。
【考点训练】
根据advise和suggest的用法，用其适当形式填空
1. He ________ me t g t hspital t examine the day befre yesterday.
2. He ________ buying a car just nw.
3. He ________ that I (shuld) buy a cmputer last week.
4. Mther _______ me/my selling the ld huse.
5. I advised that he _______ (g) t the cinema.
6. His pale face suggests that he _______ (be) ill nw.
7. Her pale face suggested that she ____ (be) seriusly ill, and her parents suggested that she ______ (g) t see the dctr.
8. Dentists ________ yu t have yur teeth checked every six mnths.
9. They advise that a passprt ________ (carry) with yu at all times.
10. I'd ________ buying yur tickets well in advance if yu want t travel in August.
11. He ________ t reduce his alchl cnsumptin.
12. I ________ sharing the cst, but he wasn't having any f it.
13. She helpfully ________ that I try the lcal library yesterday.
14. Can yu _______ a gd dictinary t me?
【参考答案】
1. advised; 2. advised/suggested; 3. advised/suggested; 4. suggested; 5. g/shuld g; 6. is; 7. was, g/shuld g; 8. advise; 9. be carried; 10. advise/suggest; 11. was advised; 12. suggested/advised; 13. advised/suggested; 14. suggest
●as if (=as thugh); even if (= even thugh)
【教材原句】
Night came as if a lamp was being turned ut, and in anther mment came the day. (教材P8)
The sun and mn lked as if they were being thrwn acrss the sky, but sn there was divisin between night and day. (教材P8)
【辨析】
两者都可以引导状语从句，但意思完全不同。
as if (=as thugh) 意思是“仿佛，好像”，引导方式状语从句；在lk, seem, feel, sund等系动词后引导表语从句。
even if (= even thugh) 意思是“即使，尽管，纵然”，引导让步状语从句。
温馨提示：as if/thugh引导的从句有时用虚拟语气
①如果句子所述内容是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时, as if/thugh从句谓语动词用陈述语气。
②如果从句所述内容是不真实的或不可能发生或存在的情况时,as if/thugh从句谓语动词用虚拟语气, 即根据不同情况谓语动词用一般过去时（表示与现在事实相反）、过去完成时（与过去事实相反）和wuld/culd/might + 动词原形（与将来事实相反）。
【例句呈现】
Children universally prefer t live in peace and security, even if/thugh that means living with nly ne parent
孩子们普遍愿意过平静安宁的生活，即便这意味着只能与单亲生活在一起。
Even if/thugh yu are n a fairly strict diet yu can still g ut fr a gd meal.
即使是在严格地节食，也可以出去吃顿好的。
Even if/thugh yu have had a regular physical check-up recently, yu shuld still seek a medical pinin.
即使近期做过一次常规体检，也应当征求医生的意见。
Nevertheless, it's gd t knw yu've had gd ntices, even if/thugh yu dn't read them.
不过，即便你不看，知道有一些对你的好评也挺好。
Even if/Thugh I'm verstating the case fr nutritin, at least it will result in the wman being in charge f her wn symptms
即便我夸大了营养的重要性，但至少它会让这个女人知道关注自己的症状。
Actually, there's n guarantee f success even if/thugh yu can get the mney.
实际上，即使你能得到那笔资金，也不一定会成功。
It felt as if/thugh we had reversed ur rles f parent and child.
感觉就像我们父母和孩子交换了角色。
He lked as if/thugh nthing culd faze him.
他显得镇静自若，遇事不惊。
It was uncanny really, almst as if/thugh she knew what I was thinking.
真是不可思议，她好像知道我在想什么似的。
He behaved as if/thugh nthing had happened.
他表现得若无其事。
There was a huge bang as if/thugh smene had explded a rcket utside.
突然一声巨响，仿佛有人在外面引爆了火箭似的。
Why must yu d everything as if/thugh yu have t win?
你为什么做每件事情都跟你非要赢似的？
It sunds as if/thugh it is raining.
听起来像在下雨。
He talks as if/thugh he is drunk.
从他说话的样子来看他是醉了。
Yu lk as if/thugh yu didn’t care.
你看上去好像并不在乎。
He talked as if/thugh he knew what had happened.
他说话的样子,好像他知道发生了什么事情。
He pened his muth as if/thugh he wuld say smething.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
It lks as if/thugh it might snw.
看来好像要下雪了。
【考点过关】
用even thugh/if, as thugh/if填空
1. Old enemies can becme new friends ______ all their natinal interests are nt in cmplete accrd.
2. The child talked t us ______ he were a grwn-up.
3. I nly take n wrk that excites me, ______ it means turning dwn lts f mney
4. He talked abut the Great Wall ______ he had been there befre.
5. ______ yu have dark skin, yu still need prtectin frm the sun.
6. The girl listened _______ she had been turned t stne.
7. _______ yu did see smene, yu can't be sure it was him.
8. He lked ______ he was ill.
9. _______ the weather's awful there's lts t d.
10. It seems ______ it is ging t rain.
11. ______ I had the talent t play tennis I culdn't stand the pressure
12. The huse lked ______ it was abut t fall dwn.
13. She travels arund the wrld ______ mney is n bject.
【参考答案】
1. even if/thugh; 2. as if/thugh; 3. even if/thugh; 4. as if/thugh; 5. Even if/Thugh; 6. as if/thugh; 7. Even if/Thugh; 8. as if/thugh; 9. Even if/Thugh; 10. as if/thugh; 11. Even if/Thugh; 12. as if/thugh; 13. as if/thugh