高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course当堂达标检测题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course当堂达标检测题，共13页。
【教材原句】
….Well, it s happened that ne mrning I bught a newspaper and read the advertisement abut the Antarctic expeditin. (教材P38)
What might happen t them? (教材P44)
【辨析】
三者都有“发生”的意思，都是不及物动词，都没有被动语态，但是有一定区别。
happen 和ccur一样 可以表示事情意外或偶然地发生，这种情况下两者常可换用；happen 常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ① sth. happen t sb./sth. 某人发生某事/某物怎么了
= 2 \* GB3 ② sb. Happen t d sth. 某人碰巧做某事
= 3 \* GB3 ③ it happened + that 从句 碰巧……
= 4 \* GB3 ④ there happen t be …… 碰巧有…..
ccur 除了表示意外或偶然发生某事外，也表示“想起，突然想起”，常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ① sth. ccur t sb. 某人想起（突然想起）某事
= 2 \* GB3 ② it ccur t sb. t d sth. 某人想起（突然想起）做某事
= 3 \* GB3 ③ it ccur t sb. + that 从句 某人想起（突然想起）某事
take place 一般表示有准备或按计划安排要发生的事情，也可以表示“举行，举办”会议，运动会等
【例句呈现】
What happened t yur truck?
你的卡车怎么样了?
There happened t be sme peple there then.
那时，碰巧有一些人在那里。
It never ccurred t her t ask anyne.
她从未想到去问问别人。
It never ccurred t me that he might be in truble.
我怎么也没有想到他会遇上麻烦。
Didn't it ccur t yu that he was lying?
你当时没想到他在撒谎吗？
Hw did the accident happen/ccur?
事故是怎样发生的?
That plane crash ccurred/happened nly minutes after take-ff.
空难在起飞几分钟后就发生了。
She hped nthing bad wuld happen t him.
她希望不会有什么不幸的事发生在他头上。
Olympic Games take place every fur years in the wrld.
奥运会每四年（每隔三年）举行一次。
Great changes have taken place in ur cuntry during the past frty years.
过去四十年里，我们的国家发生了巨大变化。
【考点过关】
用happen, ccur 和take place的适当形式填空
1. Electins ________ every five years in the cuntry nw.
2. It _______ t me that ging t Switzerland fr traveling will be marvelus!
3. Great changes ________ here since last year.
4. It never _________ t me that he might be in truble.
5. The severe car accident ________ in the street half an hur ag.
6. What has ________?
7. A gd idea __________ t them that day.
8. The meeting will ________ next week.
9. It ________ t me t visit my teacher.
10. It didn't _______ t him that she wuld refuse his invitatin.
【参考答案】
1. take place; 2. ccurs; 3. have taken place; 4. ccurred; 5. happened/ccurred; 6. has happened/has ccurred; 7. ccurred; 8. will take place; 9. ccurred; 10. ccur
●have/has been t + 地点; have/has gne t + 地点
【教材原句】
Hw everyne will envy me when I cme back and tell them abut the amazing places I have been t! (教材P38)
【辨析】
两者意义完全不同, 所以用法就不同。
have/has been t + 地点. 表示“去过某地，已经回来了”。主语可以是各种人称，句子中常出现nce, twice, three times, just, ever, never, befre等词。
have/has gne t + 地点 表示““去某地了”，可能到目的地了，也可能在路上。主语常常是第三人称。
【例句呈现】
She has gne t her hmeland; she is cming t my hme next week.
她回她家乡了，下周回来。
I have been t Hng Kng twice.
我去过香港两次。
We have been t the Munt Tai, and we all enjyed urselves then.
我们去过泰山，那时我们玩得很快乐。
He missed his mther very much, s he has already gne t his hme.
他很思念母亲，所以他回家了。
They have been t Hangzhu and they fund it very interesting.
他们去过香港，而且他们感觉那里很有趣。
Tm has gne t the W.C, s I have t wait fr him nw.
汤姆去厕所了，我现在得等他。
Hw many times have yu been t Shanghai？
你去过上海多少次？
I like the West Lake, s I have been there many times.
我非常喜欢西湖，因此我去过很多次。
-- May I speak t Mary? 是玛丽吗？
-- Srry, she has gne t Xi’an. 遗憾，她去西安了
He has never been t Hangzhu, but he has been t Wuhan nce.
他从来没去过杭州，但是他去过武汉一次。
-- I haven’t seen him recently. 最近我没有看见他。
-- Oh, he has gne t Fujian. 哦，他去福建了。
Sally isn’t at hme; she has gne t Japan.
萨利不在家，她去日本了。
【考点过关】
用been t; gne t填空
1. I have ever ______ Qingda; I went there last year
2. --Where’s Lucy? --She has ______ a restaurant fr lunch.
3. Have yu _______ this park befre?
4. I have ______ Hangzhu nly nce this year.
5. She has ________ the shp t buy a ntebk.
6. Yu’re late, but La Wang has _______ Guangzhu.
7. -- Hi, I’m lking fr yu everywhere. -- Oh, I have _______ the library.
8. My aunt has never _____ Russia, s she desn’t knw where Russia is.
9. The Blacks aren’t in Beijing; they have ______ Shenzhen tgether.
10. He desn’t want t see yu, s he has ________ anther city.
11. Oh, they are lking fr yu, and what place have yu _________?
12. – What place have yu ______ these days?
-- I have _______ Beijing t visit a friend
13. He has just _______ Chngqing, s I’m afraid yu can’t see him.
14. He has _______ many cities in China, but he has never _______ abrad.
15. My father has never ______ the park with me befre.
16. Mary and Linda have _______ the garden, s yu need t wait.
【参考答案】
1. been t; 2. gne t; 3. been t; 4. been t; 5. gne/been t; 6. gne t; 7. been t; 8. been t ; 9. been t; 10. gne t; 11. been t; 12. been t, been t; 13. gne t; 14. been t, been t; 15. been t ; 16. gne t
●rescue; save
【教材原句】
Befre we abandned the ship, Shackletn calmly called us tgether and tld us t rescue ur mst essential supplies—the small bats, ur fd, the ck stve, candles, clthes, and blankets. (教材P38)
If Shackletn fails, will we have any hpe f rescue? (教材P39)
When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and jy that many f us culd nt hide ur tears. (教材P45)
And he paid us back by his cmmitment t save us frm a slw but painful death. (教材P45)
【辨析】
两者都有“拯救、挽救，营救”的意思，但用法和意思稍有不同。
rescue 意思是“救援，营救，挽救，援救，救援行动”，既作名词也做动词，往往表示大灾大难之后快速而紧迫的营救和救援。
save 词义更加广泛，强调把处于危险或危机状态中的人或物解救出来，使之脱离危险，表达这意思时不能作名词；另外，save 还有“救助，节省，节约和储蓄”的意思, 如，save time/energy/mney/strength 等。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①两者在表示“营救，挽救，拯救”时一般可以互换。
= 2 \* GB3 ②rescue 可以作名词，表示“救援，救援行动”，这时不能与save互换。
= 3 \* GB3 ③表示“救助，节省，节约和储蓄”时，只能用save
= 4 \* GB3 ④表示“拯救/挽救/救某人生命”时，一般用save ne’s life
【例句呈现】
Helicpters rescued/saved nearly 20 peple frm the rf f the burning building.
直升机从着火的楼顶救出来了将近二十个人。
The brave firemen saved/rescued peple frm a burning huse.
勇敢的消防人员从燃烧的房子里救人。
He dve int the river t save/rescue the drwning child.
他跳入河中去救那个溺水的孩子。
The meeting is an attempt t mbilize natins t save children frm death by disease and malnutritin.
该会议试图动员各国救助儿童，以免死于疾病和营养不良。
We shuld try t save water.
我们应设法节约用水。
Hme wners are being encuraged t insulate their hmes t save energy.
当局鼓励房主给住房加隔热装置以节约能源。
They are campaigning t save the area frm building develpment.
他们正开展一场反对在这个地区进行房地产开发的运动。
He's saving his strength fr the last part f the race.
他保存体力，以便在比赛的最后阶段发力。
She needs t win the next tw games t save the match.
只有下面的两场获胜，她才能挽回败局。
Cnsumptin rather than saving has becme the central feature f cntemprary scieties.
现代社会的主要特征是消费而不是储蓄。
A helicpter was scrambled t help rescue/save three yung climbers.
直升机接到命令，紧急起飞前去营救三个登山的年轻人。
Every type f bat was pressed int service t rescue/save passengers frm the sinking ferry.
为了营救下沉渡轮上的旅客，各类船只都被临时征用了。
The strain was beginning t tell n the rescue team.
过度的疲劳开始让救援队吃不消了。
Peple rushed t her rescue and picked her up.
人们冲上来把她救起。
【考点过关】
用save, rescue 的适当形式填空
1. We_________ up t g t Australia fr several mnths.
2. If we g this way it will ______ us tw hurs n the trip.
3. Dctrs fught fr mre than six hurs t _______ his life.
4. S far we _______ enugh mney t pay fr the huse.
5. Tw children _______ frm the burning car.
6. The ______ helicpter made anther sweep ver the bay.
7. _______ teams are using thermal imaging t lcate survivrs f the earthquake.
8. _______ planes are trying t lcate the missing sailrs.
9. Vlunteers frmed a human chain ________ precius items frm the burning huse.
10. With the help f a ladder, neighbrs were able t _______ the children frm the blaze.
11. The exhausted climbers _______ by helicpter.
12. The bank stepped in _______ the cmpany frm financial ruin.
【参考答案】
1. have been saving; 2. save ; 3. save; 4. have saved; 5. were rescued/saved; 6. rescue; 7. Rescue; 8. Rescue; 9. t save/rescue; 10. rescue/save; 11. were rescued/saved; 12. t save/recue
●clthes; clth; clthing
【教材原句】
Befre we abandned the ship, Shackletn calmly called us tgether and tld us t rescue ur mst essential supplies—the small bats, ur fd, the ck stve, candles, clthes, and blankets. (教材P38)
I try t think f happier things: decent fd, warm and dry clthes, a csy bedrm, sunny days, and my mther’s face….. (教材P39)
It was almst as dangerus t becme t ht frm wearing t many clthes as t becme t cld frm wearing t few. (教材P44)
【辨析】
中这三者都与衣服有关，词形上也很相似
clthes 表示的衣服包括上衣、裤子、外衣等各部分，永远是复数形式。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①clthes前不能用数词修饰，但可以用形容词性物主代词my, their, his, her, ur, yur、指示代词these, thse和不定代词many，a few, several， sme等词修饰。
正：thse clthes / few clthes / many clthes
误：a clthes / tw clthes / three clthes
= 2 \* GB3 ② clthes单独做主语时，谓语动词须用复数形式; 但a suit f clthes(一套衣 服)做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
= 3 \* GB3 ③clthes可受某些名词修饰，表示不同用途的衣服，如：schl clthes（校服），sprts clthes（运动服），wrk clthes（工作服），play clthes（休闲服）等；表示不同季节穿的服装，如spring clthes（春装）、summer clthes（夏装）、autumn clthes（秋装）、winter clthes（冬装）；还有men’s clthes（男装），wmen’s clthes（女装），children’s clthes（童装）等，但是“婴儿服装”是baby clthes，通常不说babies’ clthes。
= 4 \* GB3 ④表示一套衣服，可以借助suit或set，如：a suit f clthes(一套衣服)；tw suits f clthes(二套衣服)等。
clth指做衣服等用的材料，如布料，毛料、丝绸等，是物质名词，不可数，不能和不定冠词a连用， 表示“一块布料”是：a piece f clth/an article f clth/an item f clth，类似的表达还有：
Three pieces/articles/items f clth 三块布；three yards f clth 3码布；a rll f clth 一卷布。
温馨提示：
当clth和某些名词构成复合名词时，指有特殊用途的一块布，是可数名词。如: a dustclth/a dust clth 一块抹布；a tableclth/a table clth 一块桌布；
a dishclth/a dish clth 一块洗碗布；a face clth 一块洗脸毛巾。以上这种情况时，可以根据上下文语境简称为a clth.
clthing表示“衣服”的总称，是一个不可数的集合名词, 永远用单数形式。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①如果要表示“一件衣服”，可借助单位词article, item或piece, 即: an article f clthing/an item f clthing/a piece f clthing；
三件衣服: three pieces /items/articles f clthing
= 2 \* GB3 ②汉语说中的“衣食”，在英语中通常表达为fd and clthing。
= 3 \* GB3 ③习语a wlf in sheep’s clthing的意思是“披着羊皮的狼”，其中的clthing习惯用法，一般不可能换成clthes。
【例句呈现】
This kind f clth wears well.
这种布料很耐穿的。
Can yu see any difference between these tw pieces f clth?
你能看出这两块布料的不同吗?
They handed each f us a ht wet clth t wipe ur hands.
他递给我们每人一块温热的湿布擦手。
The bx was cvered with a black clth by the magician.
盒子被魔术师盖上黑布。
Yur clthes are in the bedside table.
你的衣服在床头柜里。
Please send these clthes t the laundry.
请把这些衣服送到洗衣 店去。
There was a suit f clthes n his bed.
他的床上有一套衣服。
He had t buy a gd many clthes.
他得买很多衣服。
This shp sells children's clthing.
这家商店出售童装。
They prvided the refugees with fd and clthing.
他们向难民提供食品和衣物。
N matter where we are, we always have fd, clthing, and shelter us as well as peple wh lve us.
无论身在何处，我们都能得到衣食和庇护，还有关爱我们的人。
We need warm clthing fr the winter.
我们需要暖和的衣服过冬。
【考点过关】
1. I fund an article f ________ in his ffice.
2. Where did he get his ________ made？
3. What d yu think f this suit f ________?
4. She bught sme ________ t make sme new dresses.
5. The ________ feels smth and sft.
6. Pass me a table ________, please.
7. Thse curtain ________ need washing.
8. Our ________ prtects us frm the cld.
9. We have enugh fd and _____________ fr the winter.
10. She’s gt many beautiful ____________.
11. _________ can be made frm any kind f ________ including wl and cttn.
12. Hw much _______ will I need t make a pair f trusers?
13. She ften wears beautiful _________.
14. Yu shuld give all the ld ________ away.
【参考答案】
1. clthing; 2. clthes ; 3. clthes; 4. clth; 5. clth ; 6. clth ; 7. clths ; 8. clthing ; 9. clthing ; 10. clthes ;11. Clthing ; clth ; 12. clth ;13. clthes ;14. clthing
●manage t d sth. ; try t d sth.
【教材原句】
We are nw camped n the ice and we have been managing t survive, but spring is cming, and the ice will sn begin t melt. (教材P38)
As a chef, it was my duty t ck, s I tried t vary the meals in whatever way I culd. (教材P44)
【辨析】
两个词组都可表示“设法做”之意，均可接动词不定式作宾语。但表示的含义有区别。
manage t d sth. “设法做成某事”，强调所做事情的结果，相当于succeed in ding sth. 或be successful in ding sth.
try t d sth. “努力/试图/设法做某事”，但未必一定会能成功，只强调努力的过程，对其结果无限制, 所做之事不一定有困难, 相当于try/d ne’s best t d sth.
【例句呈现】
I am trying t finish my hmewrk.
我正努力完成我的家庭作业。
I try nt t cnvince myself that she desn't lve me anymre.
我尽量不让自己相信她不再爱我了。
He didn’t try t d it.
他不肯努力去干
please try t finish this wrk in thirty minutes.
请尽量在30分钟完成这项工作。
I managed t get in cntact with the lady, wh’s in charge f this prject in the cmpany.
我成功地同那家公司负责这个项目的女士取得了联系。
He managed t save her in time.
他设法及时挽救了她.
He tried t pen the bx with a knife.
他试图用刀子打开箱子。
Time given t us defines hw lng we will stay with ur families, hw many gd things we will manage t d, and hw much interesting things we will see and learn.
时间决定了我们能与家人厮守多久，我们能完成多少美妙的事情，以及我们能看到听到多少有趣的事情。
It shuld be pssible fr mst peple t manage t d it.
大多数人应该都能做到。
【考点过关】
用 manage, try或其适当形式填空
1. He ______ t climb the tree, but he culd nt.
2. If yu dn't ______ t d everything, it desn't matter. Mve any incmplete tasks frm tday nt tmrrw's list.
3. I see what yu mean, but if yu _______t d it, yu wn’t regret.
4. Fantastic! H des Beijing Municipal Gvernment ______ t d it?
5. Hw did yu _______t d it withut help?
6. Hw n earth did they _______ t d that?
7. If yu can ________ t d all three, yu'll raise yur intelligence by leaps and bunds.
8. Hw d yu ________ t d such a thing?
9. I feel the same way. But if we insist n speaking, we can _______ t d it.
10. Althugh yu may fail, when yu start t race fr a new team, yu ______t be successful as sn as pssible.
【参考答案】
1. tried; 2. manage; 3. try; 4. manage; 5. manage; 6. manage; 7. manage; 8. manage; 9. manage; 10. try
●interrupt；disturb
【教材原句】
Hwever, these happy memries are sn interrupted by a sudden cld rush f air. (教材P39)
【辨析】
两者都有“打扰”的意思，偶尔可互换，但是在意义上有很大区别。
interrupt 意思是“插嘴；打扰；打岔；使暂停；使中断；阻断，遮挡；打断(某人)”，强调客观上打断或打断别人的交谈，或者是正在进行的事情。
disturb意思是“打扰；干扰；妨碍;搅乱；弄乱；搞乱;使焦虑；使不安；使烦恼;扰乱治安”，侧重指别人在专心做某件事情，或者是在休息的时候，去打扰了对方,引起对方反感，从而使人产生精神层面的烦恼或焦虑。
【例句呈现】
T many examples can interrupt the smth flw f the text.
例子太多会使行文不流畅。
I can't stand peple interrupting all the time.
我不能容忍老有人打岔。
Wuld yu mind nt interrupting all the time?
请你别老是插嘴好吗？
The game was interrupted several times by rain.
比赛因下雨中断了几次。
Srry t interrupt, but there's smene t see yu.
对不起打扰一下，有人要见你。
We interrupt this prgram t bring yu an imprtant news bulletin.
我们暂停本节目，插播重要新闻。
Yu've interrupted my flw ─ I can't remember what I was saying.
你打断了我的话——我记不得我在说什么了。
If yu get up early, try nt t disturb everyne else.
如果你起得早，尽量不要打扰别人。
He knew an intimate little bar where they wuld nt be disturbed.
他知道一处适合幽会的小酒吧，他们在那里不会受到打扰。
His wife's death disturbed the balance f his mind.
妻子的离世使他心神不宁。
She was in a disturbed state f mind.
她的脑子里一片混乱。
It disturbed her t realize that she was alne.
她意识到自己孤单一人，心里感到很不安。
Turists ften disturb the delicate balance f nature n the island.
观光客常常破坏岛上微妙的自然生态平衡。
I didn't like t disturb yu.
我本不愿打搅你。
【考点训练】
用interrupt和disturb的适当形式填空
1. When we were talking, he ften _______ the cnversatin.
2. Dn’t _______ her because she is very busy.
3. His speech was cnstantly _______ by applause.
4. I'll see my patient nw and we expect nt t ________.
5. I was just ging t tell yu when yu _______.
6. It is nt plite ________ when smene is talking.
7. Please cntinue ─ I didn't mean _______.
8. Dn’t ________ me while I am writing.
9. The phne ringing ________ my train f thught.
10. My sister always _______ me when I study.
11. Frgive my ________ but I really dn't agree with that.
12. Please d nt ________ us when we are wrking.
13. He jacked in the earphne s that he wuld nt _______ thers.
14. The manager will be angry if yu ______ him when he's in cnference.
15. It will ________ yur nrmal mind.
【参考答案】
1. interrupted; 2. disturb; 3. interrupted; 4. be disturbed; 5. interrupted; 6. t interrupt; 7. t interrupt; 8. interrupt/disturb; 9. Interrupted; 10. disturbs; 11. interrupting; 12. interrupt/disturb; 13. disturb; 14. disturb; 15. disturb