高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Iconic Attractions随堂练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Iconic Attractions随堂练习题，共14页。
【教材原句】
We can dwnlad sftware, dcuments, and images whenever we need them. (教材P28)
【辨析】
两者都有“无论什么，不管什么”的意思，意思基本一致，但用法有区别。
whatever…. 既可以引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。
n matter what… 只能引导让步状语从句，此时可以和whenever互换。
温馨提示：whenever/n matter when; wherever/n matter where; whichever/n matter which; whever/n matter wh; hwever/n matter hw的用法与whatever/n mater what的用法基本相同。
【例句呈现】
Whatever/n matter what system yu chse, it must be run in prperly.
不管你选择什么样的体系，都必须经过适当的磨合。
The United States will d whatever it can t help Greece
美国将竭尽所能帮助希腊。
Whenever/n matter when yu mve t a new area, yu shuld lcate the fire alarm pull statins and the tw exits nearest yur rm.
无论何时你搬到一个新的地方, 你都应该找到火警报警站和离你房间最近的两个出口。
Whenever they g abrad depends n the passprts.
不管他们什么时候出国，都要取决于签证。
Hwever/n matter hw yu lk at it, it's ging t cst a lt.
不管你怎么看，它都要花很多钱。
She has the windw pen, hwever/n matter hw cld it is utside.
不管外面多冷她都开着窗户。
Hwever g there is a matter.
无论如何去那里都是个问题。
He hired himself ut t whever needed his services.
他以前从事临时服务业。
Cme ut f there, whever/n matter hw yu are.
不管你是谁，从那里出来吧。
A media circus surrunded the ryal cuple wherever/n matter where they went.
无论王室夫妇走到何处，他们的身后都会跟着一大群媒体记者。
Wherever he ges is unimprtant.
不管他去哪里都不重要。
The situatin is an awkward ne, whichever/n matter which way yu lk at it.
无论从哪一方面看，这个局面都很尴尬。
Whichever/n matter which they chse, we must accept their decisin.
无论他们如何选择，我们都必须接受他们的决定。
Just be sure t be aware f the safety regulatins in whichever cuntry yu happen t be buying yur eggs in.
你只需要留意你要买鸡蛋的那个国家的食品安全规定就行。
【考点过关】
用whenever/n matter when; whatever/n mater what; wherever/n matter where; whichever/n matter which; whever/n matter wh; hwever/n matter hw填空
1. ________ yu cme here, please call me first.
2. I dn't care _______ they will cme frm.
3. _______ he has put these bks is unimprtant.
4. ________ a prblem arrives, d three things – face it, fight it and finish it.
5. _______ yu start, it is imprtant that yu d nt stp after starting.
6. _______ happens, I'll always be there fr yu.
7. _______ ges there, we’ll agree.
8. ______ they are, they will be helpful.
9. _______ yu d, try yur best.
10. We'll try ur best t d _______ is right.
11. _______ is wrth ding is wrth ding well.
12. ________ wants t speak t me n the phne, tell them I'm busy.
13. _______ des best will get the prize.
14. _______ they select, we will disagree.
【参考答案】
1. N matter when/Whenever; 2. wherever; 3. Wherever; 4. Whenever/N matter when; 5. N matter when/hw/Whenever/Hwever; 6. N matter what/Whatever; 7. Whever/N matter wh; 8. Wherever/N matter where; 9. Whatever/N matter what; 10. whatever; 11. Whatever; 12. Whever/ N matter wh; 13. Whever; 14. N matter which/Whichever
●which 和as引导定语从句
【教材原句】
This shws in their music, t, which celebrates the natural wrld and the spiritual wrld arund them. (教材P14)
【辨析】
两者都可引导限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句，有时可换用，但用法有一定区别。
as 引导定语从句
= 1 \* GB3 ① 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词前有as, such, the same时，关系词一般用as
温馨提示：如果the same…. as…. 结构中的as 换成that, 句子也正确，但是意思发生了变化，表示先行词和定语从句是同一个事物，请观察以下句子。
This is the same cmputer as he bught last week.
这台电脑和他上周买的是一样的。
This is the same cmputer that he bught last week.
这就是他上周买的电脑。
= 2 \* GB3 ②当非限定性定语从句中的谓语是knw, see, tell, shw, expect等时，常用关系词as，这时，as 往往有“像….一样，正如….”的意思。
= 3 \* GB3 ③as is ften the case 引导的非限定性定语从句中，as 不能换成which
which 引导非限定性定语从句
= 1 \* GB3 ①当主句和非限定性定语从句之间有因果关系或出人意料时，关系代词用
which
= 2 \* GB3 ②在非限制性定语从句中，当先行词为整个主句，即指代整个主句内容时，关系词as和which，有时可互换。
= 3 \* GB3 ③ as 引导的非限定性定语从句可以放句首，句中和句尾，而which 引导的非限定性定语从句只能放主句后面。
【例句呈现】
This is as gd a huse as we can find.
这是我们能找到的好房子。
I have just the same feeling as yu d.
我们和你们感觉的一样。
As he tld us, the meeting went n well.
正如他告诉我们的，会议进展很顺利。
She has been late again, as was expected.
她又迟到了，正如所预料的那样。
The thief came again, as was expected.
小偷有一次来了，这是预料之中的。
All the phts are abut the firefighters, as he shwed us at hme that day.
正如他那天在家里给我们看的那样，所有这些照片都是关于消防战士的。
He tre up my pht, which upset me.
他把我的照片撕掉，这使我很不满。
He is an hnest by, which/as is bvius.
很明显，他是一个诚实的孩子。
As we knw, smking is harmful t ne’s health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
The earth turns arund the sun every day, as is knwn t all.
众所周知，地球每天绕着太阳转。
【考点过关】
根据as 和 which 引导定语从句的用法填空。
The lady desn't like such a yung man ______ ften drinks t much.
This is the same car _______ he lent yu yesterday.
The ld man first jumped int the river t save the child, ______ we can see.
He didn’t cme, _______ I had expected.
He said nthing, _______ made her angry.
She failed in the exam, ______ was natural.
This kind f cmputer, ______ is well-knwn, is ut f date.
The ld prfessr beat his wife that day, ______ was unexpected.
He was late fr schl again, ______ is ften the case.
Taiwan is a part f China, ________ is knwn t all.
【参考答案】
1. as; 2. as/that; 3. as; 4. as; 5. which; 6. which/as; 7. as; 8. which; 9. As; 10. as
●in rder t d sth; s as t d sth.
【教材原句】
The didgerid player has t change the shape f his muth in rder t change pitch. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者都可以作目的状语，一般情况下没有什么区别, 常可互换使用, 但用法有细微区别。
in rder t d sth. 引导的目的状语既可以放句首，也可以放句尾，位置较为灵活。
s as t d sth. 引导的目的状语只能放在句尾，不能位于句首。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①两者的否定式: in rder nt t d sth.; s as nt t d sth.
= 2 \* GB3 ② 两者的复合结构: in rder fr sb. t d/s as fr sb. t d （当不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,必须用其复合结构）。
【例句呈现】
He arrived early in rder t/s as t get a gd seat.
他很早到达了以便找到好座位。
In rder t arrive befre dark, we started early.
为了天黑前到达，我们很早就出发了。
Yu'd better check the names nce again s as t avid mistakes.
你最好再检查一下名字，以免搞错。
The test questins are kept secret s as t prevent cheating.
试题要保密，以免泄密。
I gt up early in rder t catch the first bus.
为了赶上第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I gt up early in rder nt t miss the first bus.
为了不错过第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I wke him early in rder fr him nt t miss the first bus.
我把他早早叫醒，为的是不让他错过第一班车。
He started early s as t be there n time.
他出发很早，以便准时赶到那里。
【考点过关】
根据in rder t d sth. 和 s as t d sth. 用法填空
1. We first need t understand the current usage scenaris and analyze the resulting perfrmance prblems _______ t d the crrect perfrmance crrecting actins.
2. He started early _______ nt t be late fr schl.
3. Zhang Yang’s mther wke him early _______ fr him nt t be late fr wrk.
4. And _______ t d that, I need t talk abut mice a little bit.
5. S, ______t d that, the technlgy has t be just as much human as it is artificial.
6. The purpse f these practices is t make athletes have a quicker recvery after training _______ t d their future study and training well.
【参考答案】
1. in rder/s as; 2. in rder/s as; 3. in rder/s as; 4. in rder; 5. in rder; 6. in rder/s as
●cntribute; dnate
【教材原句】
Althugh the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, minrity cultures have als played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture, with many f the new cultural influences cntributed by immigrants. (教材P15)
【辨析】
dnate意思是“捐献、捐赠”，用义相对较窄，表示捐赠钱物时可以和cntribute 互换，但是，如果表示捐献人的血液或器官时，只能用dnate, 不能用cntribute，dnate的名词dnatin，常构成dnate sth. t….结构。
cntribute普通用词，用义范围广，除了“捐献，捐赠”意思之外，还可表示“贡献，捐献，促进，增加，对….起作用”等意思， cntribute的名词为cntributin.
常构成以下结构：cntribute sth. t….，表示“把…..捐给….；向….投稿”； cntribute t….；表示“对…..做出贡献；对…..起作用；导致”等。
【例句呈现】
It was generus f her t dnate/cntribute such a large sum t the relief fund.
她很慷慨，捐了一大笔钱给救济基金会。
There are many warm-hearted peple in ur sciety wh vluntarily t dnate
/cntribute mney t help the disabled.
社会上有许多热心人自愿捐款帮助残疾人。
Yu can't expect a miser like her t dnate/cntribute mney.
你就别指望像他那样的小气鬼能捐钱了。
Many rich peple in the United States dnated/cntributed big sums f mney t universities and clleges.
美国许多富豪给大学捐赠巨款。
They successfully held a cncert and dnated/cntribute the prceeds t charity.
他们成功举办了一次音乐会,把收入捐给了慈善机构。
Many peple shw much cncern fr children's welfare institutin, and cntribute /dnate mney and materials t help the institutins imprve their cnditins.
很多人关心儿童福利院，向儿童福利院捐款捐物帮助改善条件。
It is stipulated that yung peple shuld have the duty t dnate bld n unpaid basis.
据规定年轻人有义务无偿献血。
In his will he vlunteered t dnate his bdy t medical research.
在他的遗嘱里, 他自愿捐献遗体给医学研究
【考点过关】根据dnate, cntribute 的用法及适当形式填空
1. He ________ imprtant cultural relics f his wn cllectin t the state last year.
2. He ________ large sums f mney t charity every year.
3. It is mandatry fr bld banks t test all _______ bld fr the virus.
4. _______ time and energy t thers can take yu ut f yurself.
5. The gvernment calls n the yuth t _______ their bld vluntarily.
6. The lcal peple lined up t _______ mney t the earthquake-hit area.
7. As the patient's life hung in the balance, many cmrades ffered t _______ bld.
8. I believe that each f us can ________ t the future f the wrld
9. I was asked t _______ t a newspaper article making predictins fr the new year.
10. S far the gvernment's plicies _________ t the vlatility f the regin.
11. I am sure that this meeting will _______ t the reinfrcement f peace and security all ver the wrld
12. The chas may have _______ t the deaths f up t 20 peple.
【参考答案】
1. dnated/cntributed; 2. dnates/cntributes; 3. dnated; 4. dnating/cntributing;
5. dnate; 6. dnate/cntribute; 7. dnate; 8. cntribute; 9. cntribute; 10. cntribute;
11. cntribute; 12. Cntribute
●cause (vt) ; lead t
【教材原句】
They spend quite a lt f time eating, sleeping and hanging nt tree trunks, s interactin with humans can cause them a lt f stress. (教材P20)
【辨析】
两者都有“导致，引起”的意思，在这种意思前提下，一般可以互换，但是在其它意思上有一定区别。
cause 意思是“导致，引起”，一般导致的是坏的结果。也可以构成词组cause sb./sth. t d sth. 意思是“引起/导致某人或某物做某事”。
温馨提示：指坏的结果时，两者可以互换；做“通向” 讲时，不可互换。
lead t …. 意思是“导致，引起；通向”，导致的后果可好可坏也可以是中性的，t 是介词，后面一般接名词。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①lead sb./sth. t d sth. 引起某人/某物做某事
= 2 \* GB3 ②lead sb./sth. t/int + 地点 把某人/某物领到某地/进入某地
【例句呈现】
He has warned that the serius rifts within the cuntry culd lead t civil war.
他已经发出了警告，国家内部严重的不和可能会引发内战。
Straining t lift heavy weights can lead t a rise in bld pressure.
用力提重物会导致血压升高。
He agreed that these plicies will lead t gridlck in the future.
他认为这些政策将来会导致僵局。
Tampering with a single enzyme can lead t untward effects elsewhere.
破坏一种酶可能会导致在别处出现异常。
There are recgnized black spts in marriages which can lead t truble
婚姻中有一些公认的容易引发问题的雷区。
S head nrthwest until yu find a river which shuld lead t the cast.
一直向西北方向走，直到你发现一条小河，这条小河通向海岸。
Repairs and imprvements can lead t higher rental rates.
修缮后可以提高租价。
Fire has caused severe damage t the cntents f the building.
大火导致那栋大楼里的东西严重损毁。
A cmbinatin f internal and external factrs caused the cmpany t clse dwn.
内外因结合导致了公司的倒闭。
The drug may cause an aggravatin f the cnditin.
这种药可能导致病情恶化。
The disease can cause sterility in men and wmen.
这种疾病可能导致男女不育。
Heavy snw has caused ttal chas n the rads.
大雪导致道路上交通一片混乱。
Anxiety can be caused by lack f sleep.
睡眠不足可能导致焦虑。
Researchers are still trying t islate the gene that causes this abnrmality.
研究人员仍然在试图分离导致这种畸形的基因。
【考点过关】
根据lead t和cause的用法, 用其适当形式填空
1. A faulty cnnectin _______ the machine t stp that day.
2. If yu string these experiences tgether, yu can find a new life rad will ______ yur future.
3. The pr harvest ________ prices t rise sharply during thse days.
4. He still believed that hnesty and industry wuld ______ success.
5. Vitamin deficiency in the diet can ________ illness.
6. Excuse me, des this rad _______ the railway statin?
7. Heavy seas can _______ cancellatin f ferry services.
8. There were fears that privatizatin wuld _______ jb lsses.
9. Defeat culd _______ ne side t escalate the cnflict.
10. Abuse can _______ bth psychlgical and emtinal prblems.
11. Strng cffee r tea late at night may _______ sleeplessness
12. A pr diet will ultimately ________ illness.
13. Generally, a lack f magnesium _______ muscles t g int spasm.
14. Excessive drinking can ________ stmach disrders.
15. In its present frm, the law culd _______ new injustices.
【参考答案】
1. caused; 2. lead t; 3. caused; 4. lead t; 5. lead t/cause; 6. lead t; 7. lead t/cause; 8. cause/lead t; 9. cause; 10. cause/lead t; 11. lead t/cause; 12. cause/lead t; 13. causes; 14. cause/lead t; 15. cause/lead t
●stay; remain
【教材原句】
They then find their way int their mther’s puch – a kind f pcket – t stay safe and warm. (教材P20)
【辨析】
两者都有“（系动词）保持，仍然是；停留”的意思，这时两者可以换用，但其它意义和用法有区别。
stay 意思是“保持，仍然是；停留，逗留；留宿，暂住”，常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ①stay fr dinner 留下来吃饭
= 2 \* GB3 ②stay at hme 待在家里
= 3 \* GB3 ③stay at/in a htel 住旅馆
= 4 \* GB3 ④stay the night = stay vernight = stay ver 过夜
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤stay away 走开，不打扰
= 6 \* GB3 ⑥stay in = stay (at) hme待在家里，不外出
= 7 \* GB3 ⑦stay n 留下来继续（工作，学习）
= 8 \* GB3 ⑧stay ut 待在户外，不回家
= 9 \* GB3 ⑨stay ut f…. 避开，远离，不介入
= 10 \* GB3 ⑩stay up 熬夜
stay 也可以作名词，表示“停留，暂住”等。
remain 意思是“保持，仍然是；遗留，剩下；停留，逗留；留待，尚待”，常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ①remain + adj. = stay + adj. 保持….
= 2 \* GB3 ②remain + n = stay + n 仍然是…..
= 3 \* GB3 ③remain + prep. + 地点 = stay + prep. + 地点 待在某地，但是，可以说stay (at) hme，不能说remain at hme, 只能用remain hme，去掉at, 两词组可换用。
= 4 \* GB3 ④sth. remain t be dne 某事尚待做
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤it remain t be seen + wh-从句 …..有待观察/看/尚待定论
= 6 \* GB3 ⑥there remains ….尚有…..
remain 可以做名词，意思是“遗迹，残留物”
【例句呈现】
Mst f the huse remains intact even after tw hundred years.
虽然过了两百年，这房子的大部分还保持完好。
The temperature remained cnstant while pressure was a variable in the experiment.
做这实验时温度保持不变，但压力可变。
It remains t be seen whether his prject will fly.
他的计划能否成功尚需拭目以待。
The disease ften remains undetected fr many years.
这种疾病经常潜伏多年而不被察觉。
There remains the prblem f finance.
财政问题仍然存在。
It remains t be seen whether r nt this idea can be put int practice.
这一想法能否付诸实践还有待于观察。
We went n t Paris and stayed/remained there eleven days.
我们接着去了巴黎，在那里停留了十一天。
We stayed/remained in a village where time has std still.
我们待在一个时间似乎凝滞了的村子里。
She stayed at hme, afraid t shw her face.
她待在家里，不敢露面。
We stayed up all night, setting the wrld t rights.
我们一夜没睡，谈论着如何拯救世界。
I want yu t stay away frm my daughter.
我要你离我女儿远远的。
His parents wn't allw him t stay ut late.
他的父母不会允许他在外待得很晚。
【考点过关】
用remain, stay的适当形式填空
1. She _______ hme while the children were yung.
2. I went t Ningxia and _______ there fr ne year.
3. We prmised ________ friends fr ever.
4. We must ________ cmpetitive in the cmpetitive sciety.
5. I ________ n the jb fr five mnths when they left.
6. Birds’ singing is smetimes a warning t ther birds _______ away.
7. Yu shuld leave thse naughty bys _______ ut f truble.
8. Last mnth, Tm wrte tw articles during his shrt _______ in hspital.
9. S far many f his sngs _______ ppular.
10. We were tld ________ in ur seats meanwhile with ur seat belts fastened.
11. I never see what has been dne; I nly see what_______ t be dne.
12. It ________ t be seen whether yu are right.
13. There ________ ne significant prblem nw.
14. Please _______ calm when yu meet with sme difficulties.
15. Yu shuld ________ quiet when smene is making a speech.
【参考答案】
1. stayed/remained; 2. stayed/remained; 3. t stay/remain; 4. stay/remain; 5. Stayed; 6. t stay; 7. t stay; 8. stay; 9. have remained/stayed; 10. t remain/stay; 11. remains; 12. remains; 13. remains; 14. remain/stay; 15. stay/remain
●ccur; happen; take place
【教材原句】
After the system was finished, n mre flds ccurred. (教材P23)
【辨析】
三者都有“发生”的意思，都是不及物动词，都没有被动语态，但是有一定区别。
ccur 除了表示意外或偶然发生某事外，也表示“想起，突然想起”，常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ① sth. ccur t sb. 某人想起（突然想起）某事
= 2 \* GB3 ② it ccur t sb. t d sth. 某人想起（突然想起）做某事
= 3 \* GB3 ③ it ccur t sb. + that 从句 某人想起（突然想起）某事
take place 一般表示有准备或按计划安排要发生的事情，也可以表示“举行，举办”会议，运动会等
happen 和ccur一样 可以表示事情意外或偶然地发生，这种情况下两者常可换用；happen 常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ① sth. happen t sb./sth. 某人发生某事/某物怎么了
= 2 \* GB3 ② sb. happen t d sth. 某人碰巧做某事
= 3 \* GB3 ③ it happened + that 从句 碰巧……
= 4 \* GB3 ④ there happen t be …… 碰巧有…..
【例句呈现】
What happened t yur truck?
你的卡车怎么样了?
There happened t be sme peple there then.
那时，碰巧有一些人在那里。
It never ccurred t her t ask anyne.
她从未想到去问问别人。
It never ccurred t me that he might be in truble.
我怎么也没有想到他会遇上麻烦。
Didn't it ccur t yu that he was lying?
你当时没想到他在撒谎吗？
Hw did the accident happen/ccur?
事故是怎样发生的?
That plane crash ccurred/happened nly minutes after take-ff.
空难在起飞几分钟后就发生了。
She hped nthing bad wuld happen t him.
她希望不会有什么不幸的事发生在他头上。
Olympic Games take place every fur years in the wrld.
奥运会每四年（每隔三年）举行一次。
Great changes have taken place in ur cuntry during the past frty years.
过去四十年里，我们的国家发生了巨大变化。
【考点过关】
用happen, ccur 和take place的适当形式填空
1. Electins ________ every five years in the cuntry nw.
2. It _______ t me that ging t Switzerland fr traveling will be marvelus!
3. Great changes ________ here since last year.
4. It never _________ t me that he might be in truble.
5. The severe car accident ________ in the street half an hur ag.
6. What has ________?
7. A gd idea __________ t them that day.
8. The meeting will ________ next week.
9. It ________ t me t visit my teacher.
10. It didn't _______ t him that she wuld refuse his invitatin.
【参考答案】
1. take place; 2. ccurs; 3. have taken place; 4. ccurred; 5. happened/ccurred; 6. has happened/has ccurred; 7. ccurred; 8. will take place; 9. ccurred; 10. ccur