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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction学案设计
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction学案设计，共13页。
Ⅰ.核心词汇及拓展
1．________ n. 谣言；传闻
2．________ vt. & vi. 假设；假定
3．________ n. 车费；船费；飞机票价
4．________ n. 克(重量单位)
5．________ n. 面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉
6．________ n. 活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)
7．________ n. 售货员；推销员
8．________ n. 外星人(生物)；外国人
adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国的
9．________ adj.每周的 n．周刊→________ adj.每天的→________ 每月的→________ adj.每年的
10．________ vt.计算；核算；预测→________ n．计算，推测；算计→________ adj.工于心计的→________ n．计算器
11．________ n．女主席；女董事长；女委员长→________ n．主席；董事长；委员长
12．________________ 根据；以……的方式(基准)
Ⅱ.核心词汇讲解
1．n a．根据；以……的方式(基准)
n a daily basis 每天
n a weekly basis 每周
n a regular basis 定期的，有规律的
n a slid basis 建立在牢固的基础之上
❶He had the patients telling him n a daily basis the hrrrs they saw n the battlefield.
每天他都会从病人那里听到他们在战场上所见过的可怕情形。
❷The grup meets n a regular basis, usually weekly r biweekly.
这个小组定期会面，通常是每周或每两周一次。
[相关用法] be based n/upn以……为基础，以……为根据
Althugh it is a fictin, it is based n the fact.
虽然它是虚构的事，但它是以事实为基础的。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Their marketing strategy ________ (base) n a study f cnsumer spending.
②The film is based ________ a nvel by D．H. Lawrence.
③我们的政策应建立在自力更生(selfreliance)的基础上。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
④我们将定期在那里会面。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[名师点津] basis n．基础；根据，多用于抽象。base n．基础；底部；底座；基地；总部，多用于具体。
2．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测 calculatin n．计算，推测；算计 calculatr n．计算器 calculating adj.工于心计的
calculate n sth. 指望，期望某物
calculate n sb./sth. ding sth. 指望某人/某物做某事
be calculated t d sth. 旨在做某事，用意在于做某事
calculate that... 计算……；预测……
It is calculated that... 据估算……
❶This might seem like an easy figure t calculate.
这个数字可能看上去很容易计算。
❷This advertisement is calculated t appeal t children.
这个广告旨在吸引儿童。
❸Having created nine such ice reserves, Nrphel calculates that he has stred abut 200,000 m3 f water.
建好了9个这样的冰窖后，诺菲尔预测他已经储存了大约20万立方米的水。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She lied with cld ________ (calculate)．
②Thmas was a cld and ________ (calculate) guy.
③She carries a pcket ________ (calculate) everywhere.
④We calculated ________ an early start.
[词块积累] depend n依靠，指望；reply n依靠，指望
Discver Useful Structures
Grammar——复习被动语态及不定式的被动式
[新知导引]
诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性
1．Sme trees were planted by the river.
2．The task will be finished next year.
3．Tw is cnsidered as a gd student.
4．He was heard singing.
5．The by has been taken t Beijing.
6．The huse is said t have been built last century.
7．The injured were taken t hspital.
8．Did it need t be dne s sn?
9．There was business t be taken care f.
10．I'm pleased t have been given this pprtunity.
[共性呈现]
1．所有画线部分都含有被动意义
2．句1,2,3,4,5,7为被动语态；句6,8,9,10为不定式的被动式
[语法精释]
1．复习被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态：主动语态(active vice)和被动语态(passive vice)。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语用主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。
请仔细看下面两个例句，体会主动语态与被动语态的区别。
The lady in red attracted Tm.穿红色衣服的那位女士吸引了汤姆(该句为主动语态，主语The lady是动作attract的执行者。)
Tm was attracted by the lady in red.汤姆被那位穿红色衣服的女士吸引了。(该句为被动语态，主语Tm是动作attract的承受者。)
(1)被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词随主语的人称、数、时态和语气而变化。
❶English is spken by many peple.
很多人都说英语。
❷The freign guests were given a warm welcme by the children.
外国来宾受到了孩子们的热烈欢迎。
❸Several big mdern pwer plants will be built in ur city.
我市将建造几座大型现代化发电厂。
❹The main building f Shanghai Jia Tng University is being repaired by the wrkers.
工人们正在维修上海交通大学的主楼。
❺My car was being fixed by him at six yesterday.
昨天六点钟他正在修理我的汽车。
❻English has been studied by us fr three years at schl.
我们已经在学校学习了三年英语。
❼100 tractrs had been prduced by the end f last year.
截至去年年底，我们已经生产了100辆拖拉机。
[特别注意] ①含情态动词的被动结构为：情态动词＋be dne。②被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词后加nt。
❽The prject hasn't been finished yet.
这项工程还没有完成。
❾Measures will nt be taken t prevent crrsin.
(我们)将不再采取措施来防止腐蚀。
(2)被动语态的基本用法
①说话人所要表达的语义重心是动作的承受者且没有必要提到执行者时，常用被动语态。
⑩English lessns are being bradcast n the radi nw.
现在收音机上正在播英语课。
eq \(○,\s\up2(11))This prduct can't be n sale unless it has been tested ut.
除非经过测试，否则这个产品是不可以销售的。
eq \(○,\s\up1(12))In l976 King Kngs unfrtunate stry was retld with a man in a suit with makeup and a rbt.
1976年金刚令人惋惜的故事再次被搬上银幕，由真人穿上猩猩装，外加化妆技术并一起和机器模型来呈现。
②不太清楚动作的执行者是谁，或者不便道出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态。
eq \(○,\s\up1(13))This bridge was built in the 18th century.
这座桥建于18世纪。
eq \(○,\s\up1(14))The reprters were tld nt t enter that area.
记者被告知不要进入那片区域。
[知识拓展] 使用被动语态时也可以说出动作的执行者，用“by＋动作执行者”表示。
eq \(○,\s\up1(15))My sister and I were recmmended t sell bks as a summer jb by a friend.我和姐姐被一个朋友建议去参加卖书的暑期工作。
(3)常见的被动语态句式结构
①主语＋被动语态的谓语动词＋其他成分
eq \(○,\s\up1(16))Custmers are asked t make sure that they have been given the right change befre leaving the shp.顾客们被要求在离开商店之前确认收银员找对了零钱。
eq \(○,\s\up1(17))The cnstructin f the tw new railway lines has been cmpleted.
这两条新铁路线的建设已经完成了。
[特别注意] 如果主语后面加了短语动词的被动语态，一定要保证短语动词的整体性，不能漏掉搭配中的介词或副词。
eq \(○,\s\up1(18))Lk! The children are being taken care f by their aunt.
看！这些孩子们正被他们的阿姨照顾着。(f不可省略)
eq \(○,\s\up1(19))Other slutins were talked abut in the meeting.
其他解决方案在会上被讨论了。(abut不可省略)
②主语＋被动语态的谓语动词＋主语补足语
当“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，原来的宾语变成了被动结构中的主语，原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
eq \(○,\s\up1(20))We elected James (as) chairman.我们选了詹姆斯当主席。(主动语态)
eq \(○,\s\up1(21))James was elected (as) chairman by us.詹姆斯被我们选为主席。(被动语态)
[特别注意] 主动句中的宾补如果是省略t的动词不定式，变成被动句后，t必须还原，不能省略。
eq \(○,\s\up1(22))Smene saw a stranger walk int the building.
有人看见一个陌生人走进了大楼。(主动语态)
eq \(○,\s\up1(23))A stranger was seen t walk int the building.
一个陌生人被看到走进了大楼。(被动语态)
③It＋被动语态的谓语动词＋主语从句
常见的结构有：It is suggested that..., It is said that..., It is reprted that..., It is knwn t us that..., It is believed that..., It must be pinted ut that..., It is acknwledged that...等。
eq \(○,\s\up1(24))It is believed that he will pass the examinatin.
人们相信他会通过考试。(该句话还可以换成：He is believed t pass the examinatin.)
eq \(○,\s\up1(25))It must be pinted ut that mistakes f this kind shuld nt be repeated.必须指出，这样的错误不应该再犯。
[即学即练1] 同义句转换/单句语法填空
①The cuntry has t pass laws t prtect children frm being abused.
→Laws ____________________________ t prtect children frm being abused.
②Flashing lights and the sea f faces surrunded tw pairs f dancers n a rund stage.
→Tw pairs f dancers n a rund stage ________________________ flashing lights and the sea f faces.
③Dn't be anxius, and they will tell yu where t g later.
→Dn't be anxius, and yu ________________________ where t g by them later.
④In rder t prtect the envirnment, the gvernment has taken actin.
→Actin ______________________________ by the gvernment in rder t prtect the envirnment.
⑤Generally speaking, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, ________________ (regard) as ne f the best allrund frms f exercise.
⑥Steam engines ________________ (use) t pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant fr the passengers, with all the smke and nise.
⑦Mre effrts, as reprted, ________________ (make) in the years ahead t accelerate refrm.
⑧They are living with their friends because their wn huse ________________ (paint)．
⑨This science fictin ________________ (translate) int many languages s far.
⑩In the 1950s in the USA, mst families had just ne phne at hme, and wireless phnes had nt ________________ (invent) yet.
⑪It ________________ (reprt) that he was driving carelessly at that time.
⑫The bad weather will cntinue, when a cld frnt ________________ (expect) t arrive.
⑬Shakespeare's play Hamlet ________________ (make) int at least ten different films ver the past years.
⑭It is said that the early Eurpean playing cards ________________ (design) fr entertainment and educatin.
⑮Red, range and yellw ________________ (cnsider) “warm” clurs while blue, green and purple are “cl”．
⑯On the last day f ur weeklng stay, we ______________ (invite) t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars, listening t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.
2．不定式的被动式
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动形式根据其与谓语动词所表示的动作发生的先后顺序，有一般式和完成式两种形式。
(1)一般式t be dne
❶These are the bks t be given ut t the students.
这些是要发给学生的书。
❷He asked t be sent t the place where he was mst needed.
他要求被派往最需要他的地方。
(2)完成式t have been dne
t have been dne表示不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生。
❸The nvel is said t have been translated int many languages.
据说这部小说已被译成多种语言。
❹He appeared t have been questined fr many times.
看来他已经被询问过很多次了。
[即学即练2] 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
①She didn't want ________________ (treat) like a child.
②It is an hnur fr me ________________ (ask) t speak here.
③I'd like ________________ (infrm) f the prcess f yur dealing with my cmplaint.
④He hurried t the airprt, nly ________________ (find) the star had left.
⑤He hurried t the airprt, nly ________________ (tell) the star had left.
⑥It tk a lng time fr the new schl ________________ (build)．
⑦It tk the wrkers a lng time ________________ (build) the new schl.
⑧It is said that anther TV play is ________________ (write) next mnth.
⑨The telephne is cnsidered ________________ (invent) by Alexander Bell.
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．When they gt hme they fund that their huse ________________ (break) int and a lt f valuable things stlen.
2．—Hi, Li Ping, can I use yur cmputer fr a while this afternn?
—Srry. It ________________ (repair)．
3．I dn't think the sentence is easy ________________ (understand)．
4．I need at least five stamps befre my cllectin ________________ (cmplete)．
5．It is the first time that he ________________ (bite) by a dg.
6．The flwers were s lvely that they ________________ (sell) in n time.
7．My mney ________________ (run) ut. I must g t the bank t draw sme f my savings ut befre I've nne in hand.
8．Which driver was ________________ (blame) fr the accident?
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．现在这本书已经被全世界的使用者下载。
The bk ________________________________ by users frm arund the glbe.
2．有人看见一个人走进屋子，并且听到他发布命令。
A man ________________________ the huse, and he ________________________ sme rders.
3．那位教授来到我校并受到师生们的热烈欢迎。
The prfessr came t ur schl and ________________________________.
4．你给我拿条长凳来坐好吗？
Wuld yu bring me a bench ________________________？
5．在没有许可的情况下，我儿子不能使用这台电脑。
My sn ________________________________ the cmputer withut permissin.
6．你的故事同听说的一样。
Yur stry agrees with what ________________________.
Sectin Ⅱ Learning Abut Language
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇及拓展
1．rumur 2.presume 3.fare 4.gramme (gram) 5.flur 6.venue 7.salesman 8.alien 9.weekly daily mnthly yearly/annual 10.calculate calculatin calculating calculatr 11.chairwman chairman 12.n a．
Ⅱ.核心词汇讲解
1．①is based ②n/upn ③Our plicy shuld be based n selfreliance./Our plicy shuld be established n the basis f selfreliance. ④We're ging t/will meet there n a regular basis.
2．①calculatin ②calculating ③calculatr ④n
Discver Useful Structures
Grammar——复习被动语态及不定式的被动式
语法精讲·难点透析
1．①have t be passed ②were surrunded by ③will be tld ④has been taken ⑤is regarded ⑥were used ⑦will be made ⑧is being painted ⑨has been translated ⑩been invented ⑪is reprted ⑫is expected ⑬has been made ⑭were designed ⑮are cnsidered ⑯were invited
2．①t be treated ②t be asked ③t be infrmed ④t find ⑤t be tld ⑥t be built ⑦t build ⑧t be written ⑨t have been invented
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．had been brken 2.is being repaired 3.t understand 4.is cmpleted 5.has been bitten 6.were sld 7.is running 8.t blame
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．has been dwnladed 2.was seen t enter was heard t give 3.was welcmed by the teachers and students 4.t sit n 5.is nt allwed t use 6.had already been heard常用时态
被动形式
一般现在时
am/is/are dne
一般过去时
was/were dne
一般将来时
shall/will be dne
现在进行时
am/is/are being dne
过去进行时
was/were being dne
现在完成时
have/has been dne
过去完成时
had been dne
Ⅰ.核心词汇及拓展
1．________ n. 谣言；传闻
2．________ vt. & vi. 假设；假定
3．________ n. 车费；船费；飞机票价
4．________ n. 克(重量单位)
5．________ n. 面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉
6．________ n. 活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)
7．________ n. 售货员；推销员
8．________ n. 外星人(生物)；外国人
adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国的
9．________ adj.每周的 n．周刊→________ adj.每天的→________ 每月的→________ adj.每年的
10．________ vt.计算；核算；预测→________ n．计算，推测；算计→________ adj.工于心计的→________ n．计算器
11．________ n．女主席；女董事长；女委员长→________ n．主席；董事长；委员长
12．________________ 根据；以……的方式(基准)
Ⅱ.核心词汇讲解
1．n a．根据；以……的方式(基准)
n a daily basis 每天
n a weekly basis 每周
n a regular basis 定期的，有规律的
n a slid basis 建立在牢固的基础之上
❶He had the patients telling him n a daily basis the hrrrs they saw n the battlefield.
每天他都会从病人那里听到他们在战场上所见过的可怕情形。
❷The grup meets n a regular basis, usually weekly r biweekly.
这个小组定期会面，通常是每周或每两周一次。
[相关用法] be based n/upn以……为基础，以……为根据
Althugh it is a fictin, it is based n the fact.
虽然它是虚构的事，但它是以事实为基础的。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Their marketing strategy ________ (base) n a study f cnsumer spending.
②The film is based ________ a nvel by D．H. Lawrence.
③我们的政策应建立在自力更生(selfreliance)的基础上。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
④我们将定期在那里会面。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[名师点津] basis n．基础；根据，多用于抽象。base n．基础；底部；底座；基地；总部，多用于具体。
2．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测 calculatin n．计算，推测；算计 calculatr n．计算器 calculating adj.工于心计的
calculate n sth. 指望，期望某物
calculate n sb./sth. ding sth. 指望某人/某物做某事
be calculated t d sth. 旨在做某事，用意在于做某事
calculate that... 计算……；预测……
It is calculated that... 据估算……
❶This might seem like an easy figure t calculate.
这个数字可能看上去很容易计算。
❷This advertisement is calculated t appeal t children.
这个广告旨在吸引儿童。
❸Having created nine such ice reserves, Nrphel calculates that he has stred abut 200,000 m3 f water.
建好了9个这样的冰窖后，诺菲尔预测他已经储存了大约20万立方米的水。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She lied with cld ________ (calculate)．
②Thmas was a cld and ________ (calculate) guy.
③She carries a pcket ________ (calculate) everywhere.
④We calculated ________ an early start.
[词块积累] depend n依靠，指望；reply n依靠，指望
Discver Useful Structures
Grammar——复习被动语态及不定式的被动式
[新知导引]
诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性
1．Sme trees were planted by the river.
2．The task will be finished next year.
3．Tw is cnsidered as a gd student.
4．He was heard singing.
5．The by has been taken t Beijing.
6．The huse is said t have been built last century.
7．The injured were taken t hspital.
8．Did it need t be dne s sn?
9．There was business t be taken care f.
10．I'm pleased t have been given this pprtunity.
[共性呈现]
1．所有画线部分都含有被动意义
2．句1,2,3,4,5,7为被动语态；句6,8,9,10为不定式的被动式
[语法精释]
1．复习被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态：主动语态(active vice)和被动语态(passive vice)。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语用主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。
请仔细看下面两个例句，体会主动语态与被动语态的区别。
The lady in red attracted Tm.穿红色衣服的那位女士吸引了汤姆(该句为主动语态，主语The lady是动作attract的执行者。)
Tm was attracted by the lady in red.汤姆被那位穿红色衣服的女士吸引了。(该句为被动语态，主语Tm是动作attract的承受者。)
(1)被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词随主语的人称、数、时态和语气而变化。
❶English is spken by many peple.
很多人都说英语。
❷The freign guests were given a warm welcme by the children.
外国来宾受到了孩子们的热烈欢迎。
❸Several big mdern pwer plants will be built in ur city.
我市将建造几座大型现代化发电厂。
❹The main building f Shanghai Jia Tng University is being repaired by the wrkers.
工人们正在维修上海交通大学的主楼。
❺My car was being fixed by him at six yesterday.
昨天六点钟他正在修理我的汽车。
❻English has been studied by us fr three years at schl.
我们已经在学校学习了三年英语。
❼100 tractrs had been prduced by the end f last year.
截至去年年底，我们已经生产了100辆拖拉机。
[特别注意] ①含情态动词的被动结构为：情态动词＋be dne。②被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词后加nt。
❽The prject hasn't been finished yet.
这项工程还没有完成。
❾Measures will nt be taken t prevent crrsin.
(我们)将不再采取措施来防止腐蚀。
(2)被动语态的基本用法
①说话人所要表达的语义重心是动作的承受者且没有必要提到执行者时，常用被动语态。
⑩English lessns are being bradcast n the radi nw.
现在收音机上正在播英语课。
eq \(○,\s\up2(11))This prduct can't be n sale unless it has been tested ut.
除非经过测试，否则这个产品是不可以销售的。
eq \(○,\s\up1(12))In l976 King Kngs unfrtunate stry was retld with a man in a suit with makeup and a rbt.
1976年金刚令人惋惜的故事再次被搬上银幕，由真人穿上猩猩装，外加化妆技术并一起和机器模型来呈现。
②不太清楚动作的执行者是谁，或者不便道出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态。
eq \(○,\s\up1(13))This bridge was built in the 18th century.
这座桥建于18世纪。
eq \(○,\s\up1(14))The reprters were tld nt t enter that area.
记者被告知不要进入那片区域。
[知识拓展] 使用被动语态时也可以说出动作的执行者，用“by＋动作执行者”表示。
eq \(○,\s\up1(15))My sister and I were recmmended t sell bks as a summer jb by a friend.我和姐姐被一个朋友建议去参加卖书的暑期工作。
(3)常见的被动语态句式结构
①主语＋被动语态的谓语动词＋其他成分
eq \(○,\s\up1(16))Custmers are asked t make sure that they have been given the right change befre leaving the shp.顾客们被要求在离开商店之前确认收银员找对了零钱。
eq \(○,\s\up1(17))The cnstructin f the tw new railway lines has been cmpleted.
这两条新铁路线的建设已经完成了。
[特别注意] 如果主语后面加了短语动词的被动语态，一定要保证短语动词的整体性，不能漏掉搭配中的介词或副词。
eq \(○,\s\up1(18))Lk! The children are being taken care f by their aunt.
看！这些孩子们正被他们的阿姨照顾着。(f不可省略)
eq \(○,\s\up1(19))Other slutins were talked abut in the meeting.
其他解决方案在会上被讨论了。(abut不可省略)
②主语＋被动语态的谓语动词＋主语补足语
当“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，原来的宾语变成了被动结构中的主语，原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
eq \(○,\s\up1(20))We elected James (as) chairman.我们选了詹姆斯当主席。(主动语态)
eq \(○,\s\up1(21))James was elected (as) chairman by us.詹姆斯被我们选为主席。(被动语态)
[特别注意] 主动句中的宾补如果是省略t的动词不定式，变成被动句后，t必须还原，不能省略。
eq \(○,\s\up1(22))Smene saw a stranger walk int the building.
有人看见一个陌生人走进了大楼。(主动语态)
eq \(○,\s\up1(23))A stranger was seen t walk int the building.
一个陌生人被看到走进了大楼。(被动语态)
③It＋被动语态的谓语动词＋主语从句
常见的结构有：It is suggested that..., It is said that..., It is reprted that..., It is knwn t us that..., It is believed that..., It must be pinted ut that..., It is acknwledged that...等。
eq \(○,\s\up1(24))It is believed that he will pass the examinatin.
人们相信他会通过考试。(该句话还可以换成：He is believed t pass the examinatin.)
eq \(○,\s\up1(25))It must be pinted ut that mistakes f this kind shuld nt be repeated.必须指出，这样的错误不应该再犯。
[即学即练1] 同义句转换/单句语法填空
①The cuntry has t pass laws t prtect children frm being abused.
→Laws ____________________________ t prtect children frm being abused.
②Flashing lights and the sea f faces surrunded tw pairs f dancers n a rund stage.
→Tw pairs f dancers n a rund stage ________________________ flashing lights and the sea f faces.
③Dn't be anxius, and they will tell yu where t g later.
→Dn't be anxius, and yu ________________________ where t g by them later.
④In rder t prtect the envirnment, the gvernment has taken actin.
→Actin ______________________________ by the gvernment in rder t prtect the envirnment.
⑤Generally speaking, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, ________________ (regard) as ne f the best allrund frms f exercise.
⑥Steam engines ________________ (use) t pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant fr the passengers, with all the smke and nise.
⑦Mre effrts, as reprted, ________________ (make) in the years ahead t accelerate refrm.
⑧They are living with their friends because their wn huse ________________ (paint)．
⑨This science fictin ________________ (translate) int many languages s far.
⑩In the 1950s in the USA, mst families had just ne phne at hme, and wireless phnes had nt ________________ (invent) yet.
⑪It ________________ (reprt) that he was driving carelessly at that time.
⑫The bad weather will cntinue, when a cld frnt ________________ (expect) t arrive.
⑬Shakespeare's play Hamlet ________________ (make) int at least ten different films ver the past years.
⑭It is said that the early Eurpean playing cards ________________ (design) fr entertainment and educatin.
⑮Red, range and yellw ________________ (cnsider) “warm” clurs while blue, green and purple are “cl”．
⑯On the last day f ur weeklng stay, we ______________ (invite) t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars, listening t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.
2．不定式的被动式
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动形式根据其与谓语动词所表示的动作发生的先后顺序，有一般式和完成式两种形式。
(1)一般式t be dne
❶These are the bks t be given ut t the students.
这些是要发给学生的书。
❷He asked t be sent t the place where he was mst needed.
他要求被派往最需要他的地方。
(2)完成式t have been dne
t have been dne表示不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生。
❸The nvel is said t have been translated int many languages.
据说这部小说已被译成多种语言。
❹He appeared t have been questined fr many times.
看来他已经被询问过很多次了。
[即学即练2] 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
①She didn't want ________________ (treat) like a child.
②It is an hnur fr me ________________ (ask) t speak here.
③I'd like ________________ (infrm) f the prcess f yur dealing with my cmplaint.
④He hurried t the airprt, nly ________________ (find) the star had left.
⑤He hurried t the airprt, nly ________________ (tell) the star had left.
⑥It tk a lng time fr the new schl ________________ (build)．
⑦It tk the wrkers a lng time ________________ (build) the new schl.
⑧It is said that anther TV play is ________________ (write) next mnth.
⑨The telephne is cnsidered ________________ (invent) by Alexander Bell.
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．When they gt hme they fund that their huse ________________ (break) int and a lt f valuable things stlen.
2．—Hi, Li Ping, can I use yur cmputer fr a while this afternn?
—Srry. It ________________ (repair)．
3．I dn't think the sentence is easy ________________ (understand)．
4．I need at least five stamps befre my cllectin ________________ (cmplete)．
5．It is the first time that he ________________ (bite) by a dg.
6．The flwers were s lvely that they ________________ (sell) in n time.
7．My mney ________________ (run) ut. I must g t the bank t draw sme f my savings ut befre I've nne in hand.
8．Which driver was ________________ (blame) fr the accident?
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．现在这本书已经被全世界的使用者下载。
The bk ________________________________ by users frm arund the glbe.
2．有人看见一个人走进屋子，并且听到他发布命令。
A man ________________________ the huse, and he ________________________ sme rders.
3．那位教授来到我校并受到师生们的热烈欢迎。
The prfessr came t ur schl and ________________________________.
4．你给我拿条长凳来坐好吗？
Wuld yu bring me a bench ________________________？
5．在没有许可的情况下，我儿子不能使用这台电脑。
My sn ________________________________ the cmputer withut permissin.
6．你的故事同听说的一样。
Yur stry agrees with what ________________________.
Sectin Ⅱ Learning Abut Language
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇及拓展
1．rumur 2.presume 3.fare 4.gramme (gram) 5.flur 6.venue 7.salesman 8.alien 9.weekly daily mnthly yearly/annual 10.calculate calculatin calculating calculatr 11.chairwman chairman 12.n a．
Ⅱ.核心词汇讲解
1．①is based ②n/upn ③Our plicy shuld be based n selfreliance./Our plicy shuld be established n the basis f selfreliance. ④We're ging t/will meet there n a regular basis.
2．①calculatin ②calculating ③calculatr ④n
Discver Useful Structures
Grammar——复习被动语态及不定式的被动式
语法精讲·难点透析
1．①have t be passed ②were surrunded by ③will be tld ④has been taken ⑤is regarded ⑥were used ⑦will be made ⑧is being painted ⑨has been translated ⑩been invented ⑪is reprted ⑫is expected ⑬has been made ⑭were designed ⑮are cnsidered ⑯were invited
2．①t be treated ②t be asked ③t be infrmed ④t find ⑤t be tld ⑥t be built ⑦t build ⑧t be written ⑨t have been invented
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．had been brken 2.is being repaired 3.t understand 4.is cmpleted 5.has been bitten 6.were sld 7.is running 8.t blame
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．has been dwnladed 2.was seen t enter was heard t give 3.was welcmed by the teachers and students 4.t sit n 5.is nt allwed t use 6.had already been heard常用时态
被动形式
一般现在时
am/is/are dne
一般过去时
was/were dne
一般将来时
shall/will be dne
现在进行时
am/is/are being dne
过去进行时
was/were being dne
现在完成时
have/has been dne
过去完成时
had been dne
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