2020-2021学年Unit 1 Science Fiction导学案

这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 1 Science Fiction导学案，共16页。


Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．________ adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
2．________ n. 劳动(者)；体力劳动
vi. 奋斗；努力工作
3．leather n. ________________
[pl.] ________________
4．panel n. ________________
5．inch n. ________________
6．________ adv. 向后；倒着；往回
7．________ n. 侄女；外甥女
8．________ vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来
9．handkerchief n. ________________
10．________ n. 灯；台灯
11．________n. 速度；步伐；节奏
vt. & vi. 确定速度；调整节奏
12．________adj. 随机的；不可思议的
13．________vi. & vt. 爆炸；爆破
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n．无行动；不采取措施→________ n．行动；活动→________ n．反应；回应
2．________ n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→________ v．(使)分开，分散
3．________ adj.最大极限的 n．最大量；最大限度→________ adj.最低的；最小的 n．最小值
4．________ n．泥；泥浆→________ adj.泥泞的
5．________ n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→________ adj.紧急的；迫切的→________ n．紧急；催促；紧急的事
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1．blurred adj. ________________
2．lever n. ________________
3．________ vt. & vi. 紧握；抓紧
4．hazy adj. ________________
5．puff n. ________________
6．jlt n. ________________
vt. & vi. ________________
7．flip vt. & vi. ________________
8．stun vt. ________________
9．verstatement n. ________________
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．superir ________ 比……更好；更胜一筹
2．take ________ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
3．cnflict ________ 与……冲突或抵触
4．turn ________ 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
5．fall ________ (逐渐)减少；消失
6．have an ________ t d sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．就在今天十点钟，第一台时光机器开始运行了。
________________ at ten 'clck tday ________ the first f all Time Machines began its career.
2．黑夜来临了，就好像一盏灯被熄灭了一样，又过了一会儿，白天来临了。
Night came ________________ a lamp was being turned ut, and in anther mment came the day.
根据课文(P8～P9)内容判断正误(T/F)
1．He gave it a last check, and sat himself in the leather seat.( )
2．His niece came in t fetch smething and saw him.( )
3．It is hard t explain the strange and unpleasant feeling f time travelling.( )
4．As his pace grew faster, the walls f the labratry fell away, and he was left in the pen air.( )
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1.superir adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
be superir t 比……优越(t为介词)
be inferir t 比……低级
be senir t 比……年长；比……地位高
be junir t 比……年轻；比……地位低
❶He wrks in a cmpany that supplies superir wines t the restaurant trade.
他在一家为餐饮业提供上等葡萄酒的公司里工作。
❷Tsinghua University and Peking University are clearly superir t ther universities in China.
很明显，在中国，清华大学和北京大学要优于其他大学。
❸Mdern music is ften cnsidered t be inferir t that f the past.
现代音乐常被认为不如过去的音乐。
❹He is als a diplmat, but senir t me.他也是一名外交官，但资历比我深。
名师点津：
superir, inferir和senir这几个词作形容词时，没有比较级和最高级；表示“比某人/某物……”时，通常与介词t搭配，而不与介词than搭配。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①我比他大三岁，而你比他小三岁。
I am three years ________________ him while yu are three years ________________ him.
②这些桔子没我上星期买的好。
These ranges ________________ I bught last week.
2.take ver占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
take up 占去(时间/空间)；从事……；拿起；改短(衣服)
take ff 脱(衣服)；起飞；成名
take in 吸收；领会；包含；收留(某人)
take n 呈现；雇用
take dwn 记下；取下；拆除
❶Wuld yu like me t take ver the driving fr a while？我替你开会儿车怎么样？
❷CBS Recrds was taken ver by Sny.
哥伦比亚广播公司的唱片公司已被索尼公司收购。
❸Helen always helps her mther even thugh her studies take up mst f her day.
尽管学业占用了海伦一天中的大部分时间，她还总是帮助妈妈。
❹She tk ff my wet cat and made me sit by the fire.
她脱下我的湿外套，让我在火炉旁坐下。
❺Her singing career tk ff after her TV appearance.
她在电视上亮相后，歌唱事业迅速发展。
❻Fish take in xygen thrugh their gills.鱼用鳃吸取氧气。
❼Halfway thrugh the chapter I realized I hadn't taken anything in.
这一章我读到一半才意识到我根本没有看懂。
❽The chamelen can take n the clurs f its backgrund.
变色龙可以变成周围环境的颜色。
❾I can't take n any extra wrk.
我不能承担任何额外的工作。
高考助记：
①It was several minutes befre I culd take in what he was saying.
过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。
②Many business started up by cllege students have taken ff thanks t the cmfrtable climate fr business creatin.
由于良好的创业环境，大学生开办的许多公司已有起色。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We tried t find a table fr seven, but they were all taken ________.
②Briggs will take ________ as the general manager when Mitchell retires.
③Shrtly after suffering frm a massive earthquake and being reduced t ruins, the city tk ________ a new lk.
④The huse I lived in when I was small has been taken ________ and replaced by an ffice building.
3.cnflict vi.(思想、信仰、说法等)冲突，抵触 n．冲突；争执；争论；抵触；矛盾；不一致
cnflict with... 与……冲突，抵触
in cnflict (with...) (与……)有冲突，有抵触
cme int cnflict with 和……冲突，与……有分歧
❶These results cnflict with earlier findings.
这些结果与早期的发现相矛盾。
❷Many f these rules appear t be in cnflict with each ther.
这些规则中有许多看上去似乎是相互矛盾的。
❸She ften cmes int cnflict with her mther­in­law.
她经常与婆婆发生争执。
语境助记：
Nwadays, many teenagers' pinins cnflict with their parents. That's why they are ften in cnflict with each ther.
现今，许多青少年的观点与父母的观点不一致，这就是为什么他们总是有冲突的原因。
[即学即练] 选词填空(in cnflict with, cnflict with)/翻译句子
①Their pinin n the accident ________________ urs.
②She fund herself ________________ her parents ver her future career.
③约翰经常和他的老板发生冲突。(cme int cnflict)
________________________________________________________________________
④你应避免与你的邻居们冲突。(cnflict with)
________________________________________________________________________
4.turn ut关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是；制造，生产
turn up 调大；出现
turn dwn 调小；拒绝
turn t 转向；求助于
turn n 打开
turn ff 关掉
turn in 上交；交还
❶The factry turns ut 10,000 cmputers per week.
这家工厂每周生产10 000台电脑。
❷It turned ut that his brther died f a heart attack.
原来他的兄弟死于心脏病发作。
❸He prmised he wuld cme, but he hasn't turned up yet.
他承诺会来，但他还没有露面。
❹She turned dwn the jb ffer because she wanted mre mney.
她拒绝了那份工作，因为她想要更高的工资。
❺Befre this I shuld have smiled and turned her dwn.
在这之前，我本该笑着拒绝她。
❻I dn't knw wh t turn t.
我不知道向谁求助。
❼I want t turn n the televisin.
我想打开电视。
❽The light is a bit t harsh. Yu can turn it ff.灯光有点太刺眼了。你可以把灯关掉。
❾I went back t the statin­huse t turn in my badge and gun.
我回到警局，交还了我的警徽和佩枪。
特别提示：
turn ut当“结果是”讲时通常用于eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(turn ut t be,It turns ut that...))中
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Yu must turn ________ yur equipment befre yu leave the army.
②I can't hear the radi very well. Culd yu turn it ________ a bit?
③The experiment turned ________ t be a great success.
④He tried t jin the army but was turned ________ because f pr health.
⑤The child turned ________ his mther fr cmfrt.
⑥It's getting dark. Please turn ________ the light.
5.pace n．速度；步伐；节奏；步速；一步 vt. & vi.确定速度；调整节奏；来回踱步，走来走去
pace f... ……的速度
keep pace with sth./sb. 与某物/某人步伐一致，并驾齐驱
at 以……的速度
❶The runners have nticeably quickened their pace.
赛跑者明显加快了脚步。
❷Traffic jams frequently reduce traffic t walking pace.
交通阻塞经常把车流的速度降低得如同步行一样缓慢。
❸We have adjusted urselves t the pace f the life.
我们已经使自己适应了生活的节奏。
❹She walks s fast that I can't keep pace with her.她走得如此快，我跟不上她。
❺As they waited, Kravis paced the rm nervusly.
在他们等待的时候克拉维斯在屋里不安地踱来踱去。
❻It was a tugh race and I had t pace myself.
这是场艰苦的比赛，我不得不控制好自己的节奏。
名师点津：
近义词辨析：
①speed n．速度，速率
普通用词，指交通工具等运动的速率或事情发生的速度。
The train went by at high speed.
火车疾驶而过。
②pace n．步速，速度
指人步行的速度。
He quickened his pace.
他加快了步伐。
③rate n．速度，速率
常指某事在一段时间内发生的速度，可与speed换用。
His mney was running ut at an alarming rate/speed.
他的钱用的很快，速度惊人。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He'd nly gne a few ________(pace) befre he stpped again.
②Many peple were nt satisfied with the pace ________ refrm.
③Farmers are angry because the price rise fails t keep pace ________ inflatin (通货膨胀)．
④The train was mving nw ________ a snail's pace.
6.urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
(1)eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(urge sb. t d sth.,urge sb. int ding sth.)) 催促某人做某事
urge that...(shuld) d sth. 极力主张；强调……
It is urged that...(shuld) d sth. 坚决要求……
(2)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
(3)urgency n. 紧迫；急事
❶Our teacher urges us t study hard with the Cllege Entrance Examinatin drawing near.
随着高考的临近，老师敦促我们努力学习。
❷It is strngly urged by students that the library (shuld) be kept pen during the weekend.
学生们极力主张图书馆周末也开放。
❸It's f great urgency that we need t make the relative laws with the rapid grwth f nline shpping.
随着网上购物的迅速发展，我们急需制定相关的法律。
高考助记：
Having enugh fat and salt in yur meals will reduce the urge t snack between meals.吃饭时摄入充足的脂肪和盐会减少两餐之间想吃零食的欲望。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①They urged that the Science Museum ________ (keep) pen during the vacatin.
②He urged me ________ (accept) his suggestin.
他要求我们立即采取行动。
③________________________________________________________________________
④________________________________________________________________________
⑤________________________________________________________________________
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1.(教材P8)It was at ten 'clck tday that the first f all Time Machines began its career.就在今天十点钟，第一台时光机器开始运行了。
[句式分析] 本句中用到了强调句式
为了突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用强调句，英语中表示强调时有一个很重要的句型：It ，可以强调除谓语以外的句子成分，如主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等；强调人时，用wh和that均可，其他情况用that。
❶It was they that/wh cleaned the classrm yesterday.
昨天是他们打扫的教室。(强调主语)
❷It was in the small huse that he spent his childhd.
他就是在这所小房子里度过了他的童年时代。(强调地点状语)
特别提示：
①要判断一句话是否是强调句，只需要把It is/was和that/wh去掉，如果去掉后句子依然成立，即句子的结构和语义均完整，则该句就是强调句，反之就不是。
②It is/was nt 是一种特殊的强调句型。
It was nt until she tk ff her dark glasses that I realised she was a famus film star.直到她摘下墨镜，我才意识到她是一位著名的电影明星。
[即学即练] 翻译句子
①昨天我母亲就是在街上遇到了汤姆。
________________________________________________________________________
②正是闪电造成了去年那场森林火灾。
________________________________________________________________________
③直到我朋友告诉我，我才知道真相。
________________________________________________________________________
2.(教材P8)Night came as if a lamp was being turned ut, and in anther mment came the day.
夜幕降临，仿佛一盏灯熄灭了，转眼间，白昼降临了。
[句式分析] (1)as if＝as thugh意为“仿佛；好像”，引导表语从句。常放在be, lk, seem, sund, smell, feel等系动词之后。
(2)as if引导状语从句。当说话人认为从句所陈述的是不真实的或不可能发生(存在)的情况时，从句谓语常用虚拟语气，结构如下：
❶Hurry up! It lks as if the train is ging t mve.
快点！看起来火车要开了。
❷It was Jhn wh brke the windw. Why are yu talking t me as if I had dne it?
打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？
❸A yung cuple in a bat were eating, talking and laughing ludly as if they were the nly peple in the wrld.
一对年轻夫妇坐在船上吃着东西，说着话，大笑着，好像他们是这世界上仅有的人。
❹He pened his muth as if he wuld say smething.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
特别提示：
(1)如果as if/as thugh从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有be动词，则可省略从句的主语和be动词。
He acted as thugh (he were) a fl.
他表现得像个傻瓜。
(2)as if/as thugh后还可直接跟现在分词、过去分词、不定式及其他短语，实际上也是从句省略形式。
如：①He pened his muth as if t say smething.
他张开嘴，好像要说什么。
②The ftball player is rlling n the grund as if hurt badly in the leg.
那位足球运动员在地上滚来滚去，好像是腿部受了重伤。
③The by is running impatiently here and there as if searching fr smething lst n the sprts grund.
这个男孩急躁地跑来跑去，好像是在找丢在操场上的什么东西。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She lves the by as thugh/as if she ________ (be) his mther.
②He talked abut the mn as if/as thugh he ________ (be) there.
③我童年的一切一下子都涌进了我的脑海，仿佛刚刚发生的一样。
Everything in my childhd crwded upn my mind ________________________________________.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is difficult t keep up with the rapid ________ (步伐) f change.
2．The law prvides fr a ________ (最大限度) f tw years in prisn.
3．I gt up, went t ________ (去拿来) the bk frm my bedrm and handed it t him.
4．As she stepped ________ (向后), she fell nt her knees, then nt her face.
5．The frightened wife ________ (抓紧) her husband's arm.
6．He ________ (力劝，催促) me t g there, but I refused.
7．It is universally acknwledged that girls are ________ (优秀的) t bys in learning freign languages.
8．The bmb must ________ (爆炸) within less than a millinth f a secnd.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．After his defeat, many f his supprters fell ________.
2．Manette std aside with the lamp in his hand as if he ________ (be) a statue.
3．He has made it clear that he wn't take ________ the jb.
4．Many f these ideas appear t be in cnflict ________ each ther.
5．Tm had t turn ________ the invitatin t the party last weekend because he was t busy.
6．The ________ (divide) f Eurpe int cuntries is the result f its cmplicated histry.
7．He urged us ________ (give) advice immediately t make the persn feel better.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这份报告呼吁教所有的儿童游泳。
The reprt urged that all children ________________________________________.
2．他英语讲得就好像之前在英国学习过似的。
He speaks English as if ________________________ in England befre.
3．他离开以后，他以前的助手接管了他的工作。
His frmer assistant ________________________ after his departure.
4．出乎意料，那天天气特别好。
Unexpectedly, the weather ________________________ that day.
5．这两则报道相冲突，所以我不知道该相信哪一则。
The tw reprts ________________________， s I didn't knw which t believe.
Sectin Ⅲ Using Language & Assessing Yur Prgress新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．superir 2.labur 3.皮革 皮衣；皮外套 4.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 5.英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米) 6.backwards 7.niece 8.fetch 9.手帕；纸巾 10.lamp 11.pace 12.randm 13.explde
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．inactin actin reactin 2.divisin divide 3.maximum minimum 4.mud muddy 5.urge urgent urgency
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1．模糊不清的；难以区分的 2.操纵杆；杠杆 3.grip 4.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的 5.(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息 6.震动；摇晃；颠簸 (使)震动；摇晃 7.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛 8.使震惊；使昏迷 9.夸大；夸张
Ⅳ.重点短语
1．t 2.ver 3.with 4.ut 5.away 6.urge
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．It was; that 2.as if
文本研析·语篇理解
1．T 2.F 3.T 4.F
核心突破·互动探究
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1．①senir t junir t ②are inferir t thse
2．①up ②ver ③n ④dwn
3．①cnflicted with ②in cnflict with ③Jhn ften cmes int cnflict with his bss. ④Yu shuld avid cnflicting with yur neighbrs.
4．①in ②up ③ut ④dwn ⑤t ⑥n
5．①paces ②f ③with ④at
6．①(shuld) be kept ②t accept ③He urged us t take an immediate actin. ④He urged us int taking an immediate actin. ⑤He urged that we (shuld) take an immediate actin.
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1．①It was in the street that my mther met Tm yesterday. ②It was lighting that caused the frest fire last year. ③It was nt until my friend tld me that I knew the truth.
2．①were ②had been ③as if/as thugh they had just happened
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．pace 2.maximum 3.fetch 4.backwards 5.gripped 6.urged 7.superir 8.explde
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．away 2.were 3.ver 4.with 5.dwn 6.divisin 7.t give
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．(shuld) be taught t swim 2.he had studied it 3.tk ver his wrk 4.turned ut (t be) pretty nice 5.cnflicted with/came int cnflict with each ther与现在事实相反
从句谓语动词用过去时(be动词用were)
与过去事实相反
从句谓语动词用过去完成时(had dne)
与将来事实相反
从句谓语动词用wuld/culd/might d