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河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学英语试题（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语试题
分值：150分 时间：120分钟
注意事项：
1.答题前请填好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;
2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上.
一、单句语填(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
1. Recently, chat rbt technlgy has gained ______ (ppular) in the wrld f AI. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ppularity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，句意：最近，聊天机器人技术在人工智能领域受到欢迎。此处应用名词 ppularity 作宾语，不可数，故填 ppularity。
2. ______ cntinuus prgress f technlgy, we can never expect t see exciting new develpments. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Withut
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：没有技术的不断进步，我们就永远无法期待看到令人兴奋的新成果，此处表示“没有”，应用介词 withut，表示伴随状态，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填 Withut.
3. T lse weight and keep______ ff, yu will need a high amunt f physical activity unless yu als change yur eating patters and reduce the amunt f calries yu’re eating and drinking. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：为了减肥和保持体重，你需要大量的体育活动，除非你也改变你的饮食模式，减少你吃和喝的卡路里量，根据句意可知，此处应用代词 it指代前文不可数名词 weight。故填 it。
4. Have yu ever felt stressed and anxius when yur maths teacher asks yu a questin? If s, yu might have experienced ______ is called maths anxiety. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：当你的数学老师问你问题时，你是否感到压力和焦虑？如果是这样，你可能经历过所谓的“数学焦虑”。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用 what。故填 what。
5. Cultural expectatins may als be ______ (blame)—girls may be mre likely t catch maths anxiety, perhaps because f steretypes (刻板印象)that giris are naturally nt very gd at maths. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t blame
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：文化期望也可能是罪魁祸首——女孩可能更容易患上数学焦虑症，也许是因为女孩天生不擅长数学的刻板印象，短语 be t blame 表示“该受责备”主动表达被动。故填 t blame。
6. All preparatins made befre transprtatin will be helpful fr the tw pandas t adapt ______ the new envirnment. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】t
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：运输前的各项准备工作将有助于这两只熊猫适应新环境，固定搭配： adapt t 意为“适应”，其中t 是介词。故填 t。
7. It is als arranged ______ a sufficient amunt f fresh and high-quality lcal bamb and bamb shts in Sichuan are prepared(用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：同时，还安排了充足的四川当地新鲜优质竹子和竹笋的准备工作。分析句子结构可知， it为形式主语，空处引导的主语从句为真正主语，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的 that引导。故填 that。
8. Prducts and activities ______ (feature) traditinal elements cmbined with mdern designs which are called the “new Chinese style”, are becming increasingly ppular. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】featuring
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词，句意：被称为“新中国风”的传统元素与现代设计相结合的产品和活动越来越受欢迎。本句已有谓语动词 are becming，所以 feature“以……为特点”用非谓语形式，作Prducts and activities的后置定语，且 feature 与中心词为主谓关系，故填 featuring。
9. A recent survey has shwn that ______ number f peple in the United Kingdm wh d nt want t use the Internet has risen. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】the
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：最近的一项研究表明，在英国，不想使用网络的人的数量已经上升了。分析句子可知，这里考查 the number f ，表示“……的数量”，为固定搭配，符合句意。故填the。
10. Nrmally grwing eatable and nutritius plants is difficult enugh here n Earth, s imagine______ challenging it wuld be t grw thse greens in micrgravity(微重力)and under highly cntrlled sil cnditins, humidity(湿度), light, and varius gases. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】hw
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：通常，在地球上种植可食用且有营养的植物已经够难了，所以想象一下在微重力和高度受控的土壤条件、湿度、光照和各种气体下种植这些蔬菜会有多大的挑战性。分析句子结构， imagine 后接宾语从句，因空白处在从句中作状语表示方式，使用 hw引导宾语从句，故填 hw。
11. In space, where ______ effect f gravity is slight, things change, and they d s quite strngly. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】the
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词，句意：在太空中，重力的影响很小，事物会发生变化，而且变化相当显著。介词短语f gravity作后置定语，修饰名词effect，特指“(重力的)影响”，应用定冠词the限定。故填the。
12. Cultivating a plant in space is just ne part f a ______ (cmplex)and larger effrt. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】mre cmplex
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：在太空中种植植物只是一项更复杂和更大努力的一部分，根据上文“ Cultivating a plant in space(在太空中种植植物)”以及“ larger”可知，此处是把在太空种植植物和在地球上种植植物进行比较，应用形容词的比较级。故填 mre cmplex。
13. Astrnaut farmers must ensure that the plants grwing in such artificial cnditins are safe t cnsume have n side effects and are pleasant ______ (eat). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t eat
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：宇航员农民必须确保在这种人工条件下生长的植物食用安全、无副作用且口感好， be pleasant t d为固定短语，表示“做某事是令人愉快”，符合句意，故填 t eat.
14. Stressing petry as a medium cnnecting many kinds f art frms, the festival als cntains painting, music, theater, and cinema, ______ cntent reflects peticness (诗意). (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whse
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这一节日强调诗歌是连接多种艺术形式的媒介，它还包括绘画、音乐、戏剧和电影，其内容体现了诗意。空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词painting, music, theater, and cinema，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作cntent的定语，意思是“绘画、音乐、戏剧和电影的内容”，应使用具有所属关系的关系代词whse引导该定语从句。故填whse。
15. We expected t discver yungsters wh can ______ (true) break new grund in the existing landscape f mdern petry. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】truly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们希望发现能够真正在现代诗歌的现有格局中开辟新天地的年轻人。用副词 truly修饰动词break，作状语。故填 truly。
16. The Spring Equinx (春分) signals the equal ______ (lng) f the day and night time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】length
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：春分标志着白天和黑夜的时间长度相等。空处作宾语，表示“长度”应用名词 length，不可数，故填 length。
17. Standing an egg upright is an ld custm that ______ (date) back t 4,000 years ag. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】dates
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：竖立鸡蛋是一个可以追溯到4000年前的古老风俗。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，结合is可知从句表示的是一个客观情况，句子时态使用一般现在时，定语从句中关系词替代先行词 an ld custm，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
18. Japan has said three reactrs (反应堆) there suffered meltdwns after the 2011 earthquake and huge cean wave destryed the plant’s ______ (cl) systems. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】cling
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：日本表示， 2011年地震后，那里的三个反应堆发生了熔毁，巨大的海浪摧毁了核电站的冷却系统。cling system 固定搭配，意为“冷却系统”形容词作定语，故填 cling。
19. Japanese gvernment describes the water t be released ______ “treated” and nt “radiactive”.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：日本政府称将释放的水是“经过处理的”，而不是“放射性的”。 这里考查describe… as…，表“把……描述成为……”，为固定搭配。故填as。
20. Additinally, digital technlgies have been applied by the Palace Museum t prtect cultural ______ (relic) . (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】relics
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，故宫博物院还应用了数字技术来保护文物。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词。 relic遗迹，遗物，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填 relics。
二、阅读理解(共两节，共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
Our much-lved 100-Wrd-Stry Cmpetitin is back! Enter fr the chance t win prizes f up t £1,000. It is a chance t shw the wrld yur strytelling talents! Entries (参赛作品) are nw pen.
Rules and cnditins
Please ensure that entries are created by yurself, nt previusly published and exactly 100 wrds lng (nt including title)—nt a single wrd shrter r lnger! Dn’t frget t include yur full name, address, email and phne number. We may use entries in all print and electrnic media. Multiple entries are allwed per persn. We are unfrtunately nly able t cnsider UK-based entries. Please submit yur stries by 5pm n January 5, 2024 either nline r by pst.
Terms and prizes
There are three categries—ne fr adults and tw categries fr schls: ne fr children aged 12-18 and ne fr children under 12. The editrial team will pick a shrtlist f entries, and the three best stries in each categry will be psted nline at ur website n February 1,2024. Yu can vte fr yur favurite and the ne with the mst vtes will win the tp prize. Vting will clse n February 29, 2024 and the winning entries will be published in ur May 2024 issue, and psted nline n April 16, 2024.
★In the adults categry, the winner will receive £1,000 and ne runner-up will receive £300.
★In the 12-18s categry, the winner will receive£200 r a Kind le Paperwhite, and the runner-up will receive a £100 bks vucher.
★In the under-12 categry, the winner will receive £100 r a Kindle Paperwhite and £100 f bk vuchers fr their schl, and the runner- up will receive a £50 bks vucher.
21. T meet the cmpetitin rules, the entry must be ______.
A. created riginallyB. published penly
C. less than 100 wrdsD. based n the US
22. When can yu see the winning entries earliest?
A. In January.B. In February.C. In April.D. In May.
23. What prize may a winner aged 16 receive?
A. £100.B. £200.C. £300.D. £1,000.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“100-Wrd-Stry Cmpetitin”这个故事比赛的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rules and cnditins部分的“Please ensure that entries are created by yurself(请确保参赛作品是你自己创作的，不是以前发表过的)”可知，为满足竞赛规则，参赛作品必须是原创作品。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Terms and prizes部分的“Vting will clse n February 29, 2024 and the winning entries will be published in ur May 2024 issue, and psted nline n April 16, 2024.(投票将于2024年2月29日结束，获奖作品将刊登在我们2024年5月的杂志上，并于2024年4月16日在网上发布)”可知，你最早可以在四月看到获奖作品。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Terms and prizes部分的“In the 12-18s categry, the winner will receive£200 r a Kind le Paperwhite, and the runner-up will receive a £100 bks vucher.(在12-18岁组别中，获胜者将获得200英镑或一本Kind le Paperwhite，亚军将获得100英镑的图书代金券)”可知，一位16岁的获胜者可能将获得200英镑。故选B。
B
A few mnths ag, a friend gifted me a rbt sweeper that’s prgrammed t mve arund a rm and clean as it ges.
When the bx arrived, I was afraid the device wuld detect me and suck up (汲取) data alng with the dg hair and dust. But the instructins were easy, and I finally decided nt t care.
I pwered up the sweeper, watched it leave its dcking statin t wrk, and quickly fell in lve with my newly shiny flrs. I kept shting its wrking vides. “I think yu’re giving mre attentin t it than t us,” jked my sn.
One day, I returned hme and discvered that ur frnt dr had blwn pen and the rbt rlled int the yard, trying t clean the flwer beds. Even when its brushes were blcked with leaves, bugs and mud, its little wheels bravely kept turning.
The rbt acted prperly as it was prgrammed t clean “dirty” things. In a kitchen, dirt can be garden debris (碎片) such as leaves and mud. In a garden, this kind f dirt des nt need t be remved. The cntext is imprtant. The prblem fr rbts is that reading this cntext is difficult.
This accident inspired me t think mre abut AI (artificial intelligence). As far as I am cncerned, AI is simply well trained and reprduces what it has learned. And it is undeniable that rbts are increasingly being given pwerful intelligence. Sme experts even predict that we will sn see nt nly AI-enabled rbts designed t slve prblems accrding t their instructins, but als thse with the ability t judge hw they shuld respnd when they are in a different setting.
Maybe this will happen in the near future.
24. What was the authr’s cncern abut the rbt sweeper at first?
A. Its after-sales service.B. Its wrking efficiency.
C. The privacy f her family.D. The readability f its instructins.
25. Hw did the authr feel abut the rbt sweeper after using it?
A. Enthusiastic.B. Regretful.C. Uncertain.D. Cautius.
26. What was the rt cause f the accident happening t the rbt sweeper?
A. Its prgram went wrng.B. It lacked critical thinking.
C. Its wheels were badly designed.D. It failed t wrk n rugh surfaces.
27. What des the sixth paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning AI?
A The accident.B. Sme experts’ thinking.
C. Its appeal t the authr.D. The authr’s pinin.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过个人经历，说明了扫地机器人的好处和弊端，并阐述了自己的期待。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“When the bx arrived, I was afraid the device wuld detect me and suck up (汲取) data alng with the dg hair and dust. (当盒子到达时，我担心设备会侦察我，并将数据连同狗毛和灰尘一起吸走。)”可知，起初，作者对扫地机器人的担忧是怕它侵犯她的家人的隐私。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“I pwered up the sweeper, watched it leave its dcking statin t wrk, and quickly fell in lve with my newly shiny flrs. I kept shting its wrking vides. “I think yu’re giving mre attentin t it than t us,” jked my sn. (我启动扫地机，看着它离开坞站开始工作，很快就爱上了我新买的锃亮的地板。我一直在拍摄它的工作视频。“我觉得你把更多的注意力放在它身上，而不是我们身上，”我儿子开玩笑说。)”可推知，作者使用扫地机器人后对扫地机器人充满热情。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第五段“The rbt acted prperly as it was prgrammed t clean “dirty” things. In a kitchen, dirt can be garden debris (碎片) such as leaves and mud. In a garden, this kind f dirt des nt need t be remved. The cntext is imprtant. The prblem fr rbts is that reading this cntext is difficult. (这个机器人的行为是正确的，因为它被编程来清理“脏”的东西。在厨房里，污垢可以是花园的碎片，比如树叶和泥土。在花园里，这种污垢不需要清除。背景很重要。机器人面临的问题是，解读这种背景是很困难的。)”可推知，发生事故的根本原因是机器人缺乏批判性思维。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第六段中“This accident inspired me t think mre abut AI (artificial intelligence). As far as I am cncerned, AI is simply well trained and reprduces what it has learned. And it is undeniable that rbts are increasingly being given pwerful intelligence. Sme experts even predict that we will sn see nt nly AI-enabled rbts designed t slve prblems accrding t their instructins, but als thse with the ability t judge hw they shuld respnd when they are in a different setting. (这次事故激发了我对AI （人工智能）的更多思考。就我而言，人工智能只是训练有素，并复制了它所学到的东西。不可否认的是，越来越多的机器人被赋予强大的智能。一些专家甚至预测，我们很快就会看到不仅能够根据指令解决问题的人工智能机器人，而且还能在不同的环境中判断自己应该如何应对。)”可知，关于人工智能，第六段主要讲作者的观点。故选D。
C
Fr many centuries, the city f Utrecht in the Netherlands was prtected by a defensive wall and canal (运河). But ver time, the wall began t fall dwn. The area was then transfrmed (转变) int a park surrunding the city center. As fr the canal, a plan was set frth t transfrm it int a new ring rad. Since the cmmunity reacted strngly against the prpsal, the ring rad was never built.
In 2002, the lcal cmmunity wished t recver the canal. This began a lng-term restratin prject fr the park and canal, which was designed in partnership with Utrecht’s residents and OKRA Landscape Architects. The specific part f the canal that was under restratin is called the Catharijnesingel. The prject was made up f a 1,100-meter-lng stretch, and required abut 40,000 cubic meters f water t refill the canal.
OKRA’s design fr the new layut f the canal and park features three main interventins (干预措施). Firstly, the park frms a buffer (缓冲带) between the residential and cmmercial areas f the city. It prmtes interactin with nature by prviding citizens with green and blue spaces that prvide relaxatin. This includes space t run and exercise in the park and rw and paddlebard in the canal. Further, the dck (码头) alng the waterfrnt is the perfect cnnectin between the green and blue znes.
The redesign f the Catharijnesingel als prmtes traffic flw. Pedestrians (行人) are the tp chice, and they are given their wn paths where pssible. Meanwhile, a new walking track has been set up alng the canal. It leads exercisers thrugh the park, alngside varius art installatins (雕塑装置) and seating areas, and prvides visitrs with views f the city. Furthermre, the landscape architects included design elements frm the riginal landscape architect, J. D. Zcher, t create a public space that bridges its histrical design with the city center.
In additin, OKRA included strategies t prmte bidiversity. By intrducing a variety f adaptive plant species, the park has becme a hme fr small animals, birds and insects within the city. Thrugh their interventins, OKRA transfrmed the histric site int a healthy space where humans and ther rganisms c-exist peacefully.
28. What made the plan t change the canal int a rad fail?
A. Shrtage f mney.
B. Its pssible harm t nature.
C. The disagreement frm the cmmunity.
D. The difficulty in preserving its histric features.
29. What can we learn abut OKRA’s design frm paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. It is human-centered.
B. It features traditinal lcal culture.
C. Mechanical equipment is widely used.
D. Ec-friendly materials are used.
30. Which f the fllwing best describes the restratin prject?
A. Cstly.
B. Debatable
C. Cmmercial.
D. Successful.
31. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T prmte harmny between man and nature.
B. T intrduce a restratin prject.
C. T shw ways t transfrm a city.
D. T tell the histry f a canal.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荷兰的乌得勒支的居民和OKRA景观建筑师合作设计的一个公园和运河的长期修复项目，通过实施这个设计方案，这个公园和运河改造成了一个健康的空间，人类和其他生物在这里和平共存。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“Since the cmmunity reacted strngly against the prpsal, the ring rad was never built.(由于社区对这一提议反应强烈，环城公路从未修建。)”可知，环城公路没有修建是因为遭到社区居民的强烈反对。故选C项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It prmtes interactin with nature by prviding citizens with green and blue spaces that prvide relaxatin.This includes space t run and exercise in the park and rw and paddle bard in the canal.(它通过为市民提供绿色和蓝色的空间来促进与自然的互动。这包括在公园里跑步和锻炼的空间，以及在运河里划船和桨板的空间。)”以及第4段的第二句话“Pedestrians are the tp chice, and they are given their wn paths where pssible.(行人是首选，并且在可能的情况下给他们自己的道路。)”可知，这个修复项目充分考虑了居民的出行，运动和休闲，体现了以人为本的设计理念。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“By intrducing a variety f adaptive plant species, the park has becme a hme fr small animals, birds and insects within the city.Thrugh their interventins, OKRA transfrmed the histric site int a healthy space where humans and ther rganisms c-exist peacefully.(通过引入各种适应性植物物种，公园已成为城市中小型动物、鸟类和昆虫的家园。通过他们的干预，OKRA将这个历史遗址改造成了一个健康的空间，在这里人类和其他生物和平共存。)”可知，通过改造，人和动物在这个公园一带和谐相处，共生共长，说明改造很成功。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的主旨大意“荷兰的乌得勒支的居民和OKRA景观建筑师合作设计的一个公园和运河的长期修复项目，通过实施这个设计方案，这个公园和运河改造成了一个健康的空间，人类和其他生物在这里和平共存。”可知，本文的写作目的是在向读者介绍一个公园和运河的修复方案。故选B项。
D
If yu live in a regin where winter weather is a regular risk, yu are likely used t puring salt n yur sidewalks. But hw des it wrk? And hw much salt d humans pur nt ur planet’s surface? The secnd questin is easier t answer: a lt.
Salt desn’t directly melt ice, nr des it make snw simply disappear. Instead it makes water less likely t freeze in a phenmenn called freezing pint depressin. In the case f simple rck salt, which is a rawer, less pure versin f table salt, each mlecule (分子) splits int smaller elements. Nrmally, when water freezes int ice, its mlecules line up t frm a stable, rderly structure. Salt interrupts the prcess, hwever, and temperatures must drp lwer t vercme that interruptin and fr freezing t ccur.
But if salt needs t interact with liquid water, hw des it d anything when temperatures are stubbrnly belw freezing, and water shuld already be in the frm f ice? That’s where cars help clear their wn way by creating frictin and, in turn, heat. The frictin allws fr the ice that has already frzen t melt a little bit, making it unlikely t freeze.
Beynd rck salt’s ability t clear icy streets, it can als be destructive. Chlride ins (氯离子) can cause wear and tear n vehicles and facilities. Increasing chlride densities in Nrth American lakes culd begin t upset lcal eclgy and degrade surces f drinking water.
Many lcal gvernments are lking fr alternatives t rck salt. Other salts such as magnesium chlride and calcium chlride wrk in the same way as rck salt, and they’re perhaps even mre efficient. Sme experiments are testing ther ice-preventing slutins, including thse that cntain sugars instead f r in additin t salts. Anther apprach relies mre heavily n sand, which can mechanically make rads safer. All f this experimentatin is aimed at ensuring peple can travel in any weather cnditin — a Herculean task when winter brings its wrst.
32. What’s the purpse f the first sentence in Paragraph 2?
A. T intrduce the tpic.B. T give sme evidence.
C. T define the phenmenn.D. T reveal the miscnceptin.
33. Hw des salt wrk t disturb the prcess f freezing?
A. By lwering the temperature.B. By melting and splitting itself.
C. By lining up t frm a slid structure.D. By stpping the frmatin f the structure.
34. What des the underlined wrd “densities” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Cncentratins.B. Weights.C. Qualities.D. Salts.
35. What’s the last paragraph mainly talking abut?
A. Other salts wn’t disturb lcal eclgy.
B. Effrts are being made t guarantee safe travels.
C. Many alternatives are available t slve the prblem.
D. Bitter winter make it impssible t secure rad safety.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在冬天通过在路面撒盐来缓解雪后因道路结冰而造成的交通安全问题，并就此问题所带来的环境问题进行科普。
32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Salt desn’t directly melt ice, nr des it make snw simply disappear.”（盐不会直接融化冰，也不会让雪消失。）以及第二句“Instead it makes water less likely t freeze in a phenmenn called freezing pint depressin.”（相反，它使水更不容易冻结，这种现象被称为冰点降低。）可知，第二段第一句的目的是揭示一个错误认知，纠正盐直接使雪和冰融化的错误想法。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Nrmally, when water freezes int ice, its mlecules line up t frm a stable, rderly structure. Salt interrupts the prcess, hwever, and temperatures must drp lwer t vercme that interruptin and fr freezing t ccur.”（正常情况下，当水结冰时，它的分子会排成一行，形成一个稳定有序的结构。然而，盐会打断这一过程，而温度必须降得更低，才能克服这种干扰，从而发生冻结。）可知，盐会干扰水分子在结冰时形成稳定、有序的结构。故选D项。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Increasing chlride densities in Nrth American lakes culd begin t upset lcal eclgy and degrade surces f drinking water.”（北美湖泊中氯化物densities的增加可能会扰乱当地生态，并使饮用水源退化。）可知，氯离子的浓度增加会是当地生态系统受到干扰，并使饮用水源退化。所以划线词的意思是“浓度”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段，尤其是“All f this experimentatin is aimed at ensuring peple can travel in any weather cnditin…”（所有这些试验都是为了确保人们在任何天气条件下都能出行。）可知，本段主要阐述地方政府正在努力确保冰雪天气人们出行安全。故选B项。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
There are s many definitins f wisdm. Simply put, wisdm is a mix f insight, cmmnsense, experience, and results t sund judgement. It is nt merely a desirable quality but an abslute necessity in a wrld filled with chas, cntrversy, and cnflicts.___36___It shines ur way thrugh darkness.
Grwing up with fairy tales and fantasy mvies, I always assciated wisdm with Gandalf, Yda, and Albus Dumbledre. Althugh these characters have given every ne f us tns f inspiratin, wisdm actually lies within urselves.___37___And hw?
Embarking n new experiences is an avenue fr acquiring wisdm. Yu will never grw frm being in yur cmfrt zne, which is why yu need t get ut f it. D change yur rutine and experience as much as what life takes yu t! In fact, there are always several sides t a life stry. T identify the truth, yu need t be receptive t different views.___38___It is nt emtin-based either. Instead, train yur mind t be a judgment-free space fr ideas. Open- mindedness pens new pathways t prfund insights.
What if yu are desperate fr persnal grwth and imprvement?___39___
The mre time yu spend with them, the mre transfer f knwledge there will be. Yur tutrs can be whever is wiser than yu. Yet prir t that, engage in dialgue with them t find ut why.
Rme was nt built in a day.___40___It is imprtant t acknwledge that it takes a span f yur life and cntinuus effrt t mature in wisdm as yu navigate life’s challenges.
A. Individuals need t bring it ut.
B. It isn’t smething yu are brn with.
C. Knwledge speaks, but wisdm listens.
D. Remember develping wisdm is beynd a destinatin.
E. A shrtcut t d that is t have wise peple as yur tutrs.
F. Never base yur perspective n the mst ppular pinins.
G. In rder t navigate in it, wisdm becmes ur guiding light.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. F 39. E 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述智慧是我们前进道路上的指路明灯，并且探讨了如何才能获取智慧。
【36题详解】
根据上文“It is nt merely a desirable quality but an abslute necessity in a wrld filled with chas, cntrversy, and cnflicts.（在一个充满混乱、争议和冲突的世界里，它不仅是一种可取的品质，而且是绝对必要的。）”和下文“It shines ur way thrugh darkness.（它照亮我们穿越黑暗的道路。）”可知，智慧可以为我们的世界导航，照亮前方的道路，所以，空处应该是将智慧比作灯塔。G项“In rder t navigate in it, wisdm becmes ur guiding light.（为了在其中航行，智慧成为我们的指路明灯。）”承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
【37题详解】
上文“Althugh these characters have given every ne f us tns f inspiratin, wisdm actually lies within urselves.（虽然这些角色给了我们每个人无数的灵感，但智慧其实在于我们自己。）”和下文“And hw?（那怎么做呢？）” 说明虽然童话故事和魔幻电影里的角色让我们感受到智慧，但获取和运用智慧在于我们自己。空处应该进一步引出我们和智慧的关系。A项“Individuals need t bring it ut.（个人需要把它带出来。）”承上启下，其中it指代前文提到的wisdm，且引出下文“个人怎样将智慧带出来”的内容。故选A项。
【38题详解】
上文“T identify the truth, yu need t be receptive t different views.（为了确定真相，你需要接受不同的观点。）”说明应该接受不同的观点。F项“Never base yur perspective n the mst ppular pinins.（永远不要把你的观点建立在最流行的观点上。）”承接上文，说明不应该只追随最流行的观点，并且和下文“It is nt emtin-based either.（它也不是基于情感的。）”相衔接，符合语境。故选F项。
【39题详解】
上文“What if yu are desperate fr persnal grwth and imprvement?（如果你渴望个人成长和进步呢?）”提出假设，空处应该会对假设做出解答或说明。E项“A shrtcut t d that is t have wise peple as yur tutrs.（要做到这一点，一个捷径就是找有智慧的人做你的导师。）”对上文的问题给出了回答，下文“The mre time yu spend with them, the mre transfer f knwledge there will be.（你和他们相处的时间越长，学到的知识就越多。）”中的them呼应wise peple。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Rme was nt built in a day.（罗马不是一天建成的。）”和下文“It is imprtant t acknwledge that it takes a span f yur life and cntinuus effrt t mature in wisdm as yu navigate life’s challenges.（重要的是要认识到，当你面对生活的挑战时，你需要一段时间的生活和不断的努力来获得成熟的智慧。）”可知，此段讲获取智慧不是一蹴而就的，需要不断努力。D项“Remember develping wisdm is beynd a destinatin.（记住，发展智慧是无止境的。）”承上启下，和前文结构一致，形成对比，引出下文。故选D项。
三、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
When I was grwing up, every evening befre bedtime my father wuld tell me stries f his childhd. He’d tell his stries with mrals, r smetimes just tales withut a particular ____41____but fr pure entertainment _____42_____.
He’d tell me_____43_____f his adventures grwing up in New England with his tw brthers and their_____44_____Dickey Ellis, wh was the butt (笑柄) f all the jkes. Despite always being underestimated (低估) and____45____, Ellis managed t be victrius alngside the Vankevich brthers in their achievements—They defended the_____46_____grups against Butch, wh ften bullied (欺负) the weak, and _____47_____authrity figures when they were being unjust.
It was nly when I was creating a televisual series n strytelling that my father_____48_____me a secret. The majrity f the stries he tld abut his____49____didn’t actually happen. I was astnished but then _____50_____. I realized it didn’t matter that they were______51______. What has mattered t peple mst is that stries ffer______52______t their questins abut where they cme frm, why the wrld is as it is, and hw they shuld lead their life.
My father’s stries taught and ______53______the mral map thrugh which I ______54______the wrld. Nw, I’m ______55______the traditin—I tell my sn, aged 3, a stry every evening befre bed.
41. A. designB. mralC. cntentD. challenge
42. A. educatinB. industryC. valueD. system
43. A. talesB. schedulesC. recmmendatinsD. destinatins
44. A. uncleB. friendC. fatherD. grandfather
45. A. admiredB. cheatedC. ignredD. cmpared
46. A. giftedB. embarrassedC. determinedD. disadvantaged
47. A. questinedB. trustedC. respectedD. puzzled
48. A. hadB. tldC. keptD. fund
49. A. planB. wrkC. discveryD. childhd
50. A. laughedB. criedC. ranD. slept
51. A. rdinaryB. fictinalC. riginalD. rmantic
52. A. intrductinsB. attentinC. answersD. damage
53. A. frmedB. representedC. destryedD. lst
54 A. mnitrB. surpriseC. criticizeD. see
55. A. searching frB. carrying nC. turning dwnD. setting up
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了父亲在作者小时候每晚都会讲他童年的故事，后来父亲说自己讲的大部分故事都是假的，但作者意识到这并不重要，重要的是这些故事为作者对自己和周围的问题提供了答案。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会讲有寓意的故事，或者有时只是没有特定寓意但纯粹为了娱乐的故事。A. design设计；B. mral寓意；C. cntent内容；D. challenge挑战。r前后表示选择，前面提到“stries with mrals”（有寓意的故事），这里应是说没有特定寓意的故事。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. educatin教育；B. industry工业；C. value价值；D. system系统。根据空前的“pure entertainment”可知，这里是说纯粹的娱乐价值。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会给我讲他和两个兄弟以及他们朋友Dickey Ellis在新英格兰长大的冒险故事，Dickey Ellis是所有笑话的笑柄。A. tales故事；B. schedules工作计划，日程安排；C. recmmendatins推荐；D. destinatins目的地。根据上文的stries和tales可知，这里是说他的冒险故事。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. uncle叔叔；B. friend朋友；C. father父亲；D. grandfather祖父。根据空后的“Dickey Ellis”和下文中的“the Vankevich brthers”可知，Dickey Ellis不是Vankevich家族的人，他是作者父亲和兄弟的朋友。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管Ellis总是被低估和忽视，但他还是成功地与Vankevich兄弟一起取得了胜利——他们保护弱势群体，对付经常欺负弱者的Butch，并在权威人物不公正时质疑他们。A. admired羡慕；B. cheated欺骗；C. ignred忽视；D. cmpared比较。and连接了并列的内容，所以空处应和underestimated表达相近的内容，指的是被低估和忽视。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. gifted有天赋的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. determined决心的，果断的；D. disadvantaged弱势的。根据句中的“the weak”可知，他们保护弱势群体。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考第5题。A. questined质询，怀疑；B. trusted相信；C. respected尊重；D. puzzled使困惑。根据句中的“Ellis managed t be victrius alngside the Vankevich brthers in their achievements”和空后的“authrity figures when they were being unjust”可知，Ellis做了许多有成就的事，由此推知，当权威人物不公正时去质疑他们就是其中之一。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我在制作一个讲故事的电视系列节目时，我父亲才告诉了我一个秘密。A. had有；B. tld告诉；C. kept保持；D. fund发现。根据空后的“me a secret”可知，这里是说父亲告诉了作者一个秘密。tell sb. sth.意为“告诉某人某事”。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他讲述的关于童年的大部分故事实际上并没有发生。A. plan计划；B. wrk工作；C. discvery发现；D. childhd童年。根据第一段中的“my father wuld tell me stries f his childhd”可知，这里是说父亲讲的关于自己童年的故事。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，但随后大笑起来。A. laughed笑；B. cried哭；C. ran跑步；D. slept睡觉。but表明空处与“I was astnished”形成转折，结合下文中的“I realized it didn’t matter...”可知，作者对父亲讲假故事的事释然了，所以这里是说作者笑了起来。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到它们是虚构的并不重要。A. rdinary普通的；B. fictinal虚构的，编造的；C. riginal起初的，独创的；D. rmantic浪漫的。根据上文中的“The majrity f the stries he tld abut his ____9____didn’t actually happen.(他讲述的关于童年的大部分故事实际上并没有发生。)”可知，父亲讲述的大部分故事都没有实际发生，也就是父亲自己虚构了这些故事。故选B。
52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对人们来说最重要的是，故事为他们的问题提供了答案，比如他们来自哪里，为什么世界是这样，以及他们应该如何生活。A. intrductins介绍；B. attentin注意；C. answers答案；D. damage损害。根据空后的“t their questins”可知，这里是说提供问题的答案。answers t...意为“……的答案”。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲的故事教导并形成了我看待世界的道德地图。A. frmed（使）成形，制作；B. represented代表；C. destryed破坏；D. lst失去。根据空后的“the mral map”可知，父亲讲的故事制成了一幅道德地图，作者用它来看待整个世界。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. mnitr监视；B. surprise使惊奇；C. criticize批评；D. see看，看见。根据上文中的“their questins abut where they cme frm, why the wrld is as it is, and hw they shuld lead their life”可知，这些问题是关于自己和周围世界的问题，也是人们认识世界时产生的疑问，所以这里是说作者通过父亲用故事绘制的道德地图去看待世界。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我把这个传统继续了下去，每天晚上睡前给3岁的儿子讲故事。A. searching fr搜寻；B. carrying n继续做；C. turning dwn拒绝；D. setting up设立。根据句中的“I tell my sn, aged 3, a stry every evening befre bed”可知，作者像父亲曾经那样，每晚为自己的儿子讲故事，所以他延续了父亲的这一传统。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分)
第一部分语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分;共15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s nline literature industry is making an increasing impact verseas with sme even ___56___ (say) that it can cmpare with U. S. and Krean films and TV shws. By the end f 2022, mre than 16,000 Chinese nline wrks f literature ___57___ (exprt) abrad, including ver 6,400 physical bk authrizatins and ver9,600___58___(translate) nline wrks.
Overseas readers f Chinese web nvels exceeded(超过) 150 millin in 2022, mainly Generatin Z brn between 1996 and 2010. Amng 15 majr ___59___(categry), urban, western and eastern fantasy, gaming, and science fictin emerged as the five mst ppular types amng verseas readers.
In June, Wang Xiang, ___60___ member f the nline literature cmmittee at the China Writers Assciatin, tld dmestic media Chinese web nvels are ften similar t Hllywd mvies in terms f their strytelling methds and fcus ___61___ superhuman abilities. “Chinese nline literature has becme a ___62___ (glbe) cultural center cmpared with Hllywd mvies in terms f ___63___ (it) reach and influence amng the wrldwide audience,” said Wang.
Last year, 16 Chinese nline wrks f literature were included in the British Library’s Chinese cllectin fr the first time, all f which were first published n digital reading platfrm Qidian ___64___ readers can read kinds f Chinese nline literature. Accrding t data released by the Chinese Academy f Scial Sciences in April, the revenue(收入) f the dmestic nline literature market reached 38.93 billin yuan in 2022, a year-n-year ___65___(grw) f 8.8%.
【答案】56. saying
57. had been exprted
58. translated
59. categries
60. a 61. n##upn
62. glbal 63. its
64. where 65. grwth
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来，中国的网络文学在海外的人气持续上升的现状和影响。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的网络文学产业在海外产生了越来越大的影响，甚至有人说它可以与美国和韩国的电影和电视节目相提并论。根据空前的with sme even可知，此处为with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，逻辑主语sme与say“说”构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用所给动词的现在分词saying，作宾补。故填saying。
【57题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：截至2022年底，中国网络文学作品累计输出1.6万多部，其中实体图书授权6400多部，网络译著9600多部。结合句意可知，exprt“输出”与其主语16.000 Chinese nline wrks f literature构成动宾关系，又根据时间状语By the end f 2022 可知，此处用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been exprted。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：截至2022年底，中国网络文学作品累计输出1.6万多部，其中实体图书授权6400多部，网络译著9600多部。分析句子结构可知，本空为非谓语作定语，translate“翻译”与其逻辑主语nline wrks构成动宾关系，故此处填translate的过去分词translated，作定语，修饰nline wrks。故填translated。
【59题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在15个主要类别中，城市小说、东西方奇幻小说、游戏小说、科幻小说成为最受海外读者欢迎的5大类型。categry“类别”为可数名词，又根据数量词15 可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式categries，作介词Amng的宾语。故填categries。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今年6月，中国作家协会网络文学委员会委员王翔在接受国内媒体采访时表示，中国的网络小说在叙事方式和对超人能力的关注方面往往与好莱坞电影相似。此处“member”与Wang Xiang构成同位语，故用不定冠词a“一位”。故填a。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：今年6月，中国作家协会网络文学委员会委员王翔在接受国内媒体采访时表示，中国的网络小说在叙事方式和对超人能力的关注方面往往与好莱坞电影相似。结合空前的fcus可知，本空填n或upn，“fcus n/upn...”为固定短语，意为“关注……,聚焦……”。故填n或upn。
【62题详解】
考查词形容词。句意：与好莱坞电影相比，中国网络文学在全球观众中的影响力已经成为一个全球文化中心。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词glbal“全球的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词短语cultural center。故填glbal。
【63题详解】
考查代词。句意：与好莱坞电影相比，中国网络文学在全球观众中的影响力已经成为一个全球文化中心。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词性物主代词its“它的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词reach和influence。故填its。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：去年，16部中国网络文学作品首次被纳入大英图书馆的中文馆藏，所有这些作品都首次发表在数字阅读平台起点上，读者可以在起点上阅读各种中国网络文学。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词platfrm Qidian，且从句中缺少地点状语，故填关系副词where，引导定语从句。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查词名词。句意：根据中国社科院今年4月发布的数据，2022年国内网络文学市场收入达到389.3亿元，同比增长8.8%。由空前的冠词a可知，本空填名词形式grwth“增长”。故填grwth。
第二部分 书面表达(满分40分)
66.应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Ryan想了解移动支付（mbile payment）在中国的使用情况。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．介绍移动支付；
2．移动支付的好处。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
Knwing that yu’re interested in mbile payment in China, I’m mre than glad t share sme ideas f mine abut it.
Mbile payment usually refers t making payments by scanning QR cdes with mbile phnes. It is generally believed that China is the largest mbile payment market, which has benefited ur life a lt. With the widespread use f mbile payment, WeChat r Alipay makes it cnvenient fr us t pay. Rarely d we have t carry cash arund r wait in line. It nt nly brings us great cnvenience, but there are ften additinal discunts if we make mbile payment.
I hpe my explanatin can be f sme help t yu. Wish yu all the best.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给笔友Ryan写一封邮件，给他介绍移动支付以及其带来的好处。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in →shw an interest in
高兴的：glad → happy /delighted
对……有益：benefit→d gd t
有帮助的：be f help→ be helpful
2.句型拓展
陈述句变倒装句
原句：It nt nly brings us great cnvenience, but there are ften additinal discunts if we make mbile payment.
拓展句：Nt nly des it bring us great cnvenience, but there are ften additinal discunts if we make mbile payment.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is generally believed that China is the largest mbile payment market, which has benefited ur life a lt.（运用了that引导的主语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Rarely d we have t carry cash arund r wait in line. （运用了部分倒装）
67.读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One afternn in August, five years after Mm passed away, I was unpacking my grceries(食品杂货) in my kitchen. When I lifted my left hand ut f a grcery bag, I suddenly culdn’t breathe. Lking at the ring n my finger, I fund the star sapphire (蓝宝石)was gne. Mm had given me the ring n my twenty-first birthday. I had wrn it every day fr twenty-nine years. It was a reminder f Mm and a symbl f ur lve.
“N! N! N!” I yelled, hurrying t check the bag and the flr, and then my car, but the star sapphire was nwhere t be fund. Feeling helpless, I called my best friend, Marie. “The star sapphire in my ring fell ut. I dn’t knw what t d,” I said, extremely wrried.
Marie replied, “Please dn’t be anxius. Try t stay calm and psitive. Yu can g back t the places yu just visited and take a lk.” But hw culd I keep hpe in seemingly impssible situatins? Anyway, I started my car and drve t the grcery stre again. I culdn’t shake the feeling that there was little chance that I culd find my stne.
Back at the grcery stre, I pulled int the same parking spt and lked everywhere fr my star sapphire. My hands and knees felt the ht grund as I searched crazily arund and under my SUV car. Then I rushed inside the stre, searching fr a familiar face fr mre help. I sptted Amanda, a staff member whm I had met n previus shpping trips, and urgently tapped her n the shulder. “I was just here twenty minutes ag and lst the stne f this ring. It’s very special t me. It’s frm my late mm. Culd yu please help me lk fr it?” I cried, unaware that many ther peple arund als heard my wrds.
Amanda’s eyes sftened and she ndded understandingly. She immediately tk a large mp(拖把) and started carefully sweeping it back and frth dwn the first aisle (过道) f the huge stre.
Paragraph 1:
In tears, I called after her, “It’s light blue and small.”
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly, a custmer near the cunter excitedly called ut ludly, “Oh, Madam, I’ve fund it!”.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
In tears, I called after her, “It’s light blue and small.” “Wuld yu mind if I help yu lk fr it?” said a custmer nearby suddenly. “Oh, thank yu,” I replied in surprise. “Let me als help,” anther custmer said. Sn, many custmers and wrkers spared their time and jined the search, getting dwn n their hands and knees. Meanwhile, the music in the stre was replaced by the annuncement f wishing peple t help find my stne. I was tuched and my hpe increased. Hwever, after an hur’s search, there was still n luck, which made me feel hpeless.
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly, a custmer near the cunter excitedly called ut ludly, “Oh, Madam I’ve fund it!” We all immediately lked up at him, whse hand was hlding up a shining stne. Thrilled, I ran twards him, finding it was truly my lst star sapphire. Relief washed ver me, and I gave the custmer a hug with gratitude. Then, all the thers inside the stre cheered and clapped, glad that I finally gt my valuable stne back. I sincerely thanked everyne and shared the gd news with Marie. Driving hme, I was filled with great peace and warmth due t thse kind peple.
【解析】
【导语】本文以蓝宝石为线索展开，讲述了作者发现戒指上的蓝宝石丢失了，这枚戒指是作者的妈妈在作者21岁生日那天送给作者的。29年来，作者每天都戴着它。它让作者想起了去世的妈妈，也是她们爱的象征。她马上回到她购物的商店寻找。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我流着泪在她身后说道:“它是浅蓝色的，很小。”及第二段首句可知，第一段可描写顾客和工作人员都帮忙寻找，广播也播出了这个事情，但是没有找到。
②由第二段首句内容“突然，柜台附近的一位顾客兴奋地大声喊道:“哦，夫人，我找到了！”可知，第二段可描写一个顾客找到了蓝宝石以及作者的心情和感悟。
2.续写线索：帮忙寻找——没找到——作者沮丧——一位顾客找到了——作者感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
1.帮助：help /assist
2.取代：replace/take place f
情绪类
1.兴奋的：thrilled/excited
2. 高兴的：glad/pleased
【点睛】[高分句型1] We all immediately lked up at him, whse hand was hlding up a shining stne. (运用了whse引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Driving hme, I was filled with great peace and warmth due t thse kind peple. (运用了现在分词作状语)
英语试题
分值：150分 时间：120分钟
注意事项：
1.答题前请填好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;
2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上.
一、单句语填(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
1. Recently, chat rbt technlgy has gained ______ (ppular) in the wrld f AI. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ppularity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，句意：最近，聊天机器人技术在人工智能领域受到欢迎。此处应用名词 ppularity 作宾语，不可数，故填 ppularity。
2. ______ cntinuus prgress f technlgy, we can never expect t see exciting new develpments. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Withut
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：没有技术的不断进步，我们就永远无法期待看到令人兴奋的新成果，此处表示“没有”，应用介词 withut，表示伴随状态，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填 Withut.
3. T lse weight and keep______ ff, yu will need a high amunt f physical activity unless yu als change yur eating patters and reduce the amunt f calries yu’re eating and drinking. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：为了减肥和保持体重，你需要大量的体育活动，除非你也改变你的饮食模式，减少你吃和喝的卡路里量，根据句意可知，此处应用代词 it指代前文不可数名词 weight。故填 it。
4. Have yu ever felt stressed and anxius when yur maths teacher asks yu a questin? If s, yu might have experienced ______ is called maths anxiety. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：当你的数学老师问你问题时，你是否感到压力和焦虑？如果是这样，你可能经历过所谓的“数学焦虑”。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用 what。故填 what。
5. Cultural expectatins may als be ______ (blame)—girls may be mre likely t catch maths anxiety, perhaps because f steretypes (刻板印象)that giris are naturally nt very gd at maths. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t blame
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：文化期望也可能是罪魁祸首——女孩可能更容易患上数学焦虑症，也许是因为女孩天生不擅长数学的刻板印象，短语 be t blame 表示“该受责备”主动表达被动。故填 t blame。
6. All preparatins made befre transprtatin will be helpful fr the tw pandas t adapt ______ the new envirnment. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】t
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：运输前的各项准备工作将有助于这两只熊猫适应新环境，固定搭配： adapt t 意为“适应”，其中t 是介词。故填 t。
7. It is als arranged ______ a sufficient amunt f fresh and high-quality lcal bamb and bamb shts in Sichuan are prepared(用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：同时，还安排了充足的四川当地新鲜优质竹子和竹笋的准备工作。分析句子结构可知， it为形式主语，空处引导的主语从句为真正主语，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的 that引导。故填 that。
8. Prducts and activities ______ (feature) traditinal elements cmbined with mdern designs which are called the “new Chinese style”, are becming increasingly ppular. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】featuring
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词，句意：被称为“新中国风”的传统元素与现代设计相结合的产品和活动越来越受欢迎。本句已有谓语动词 are becming，所以 feature“以……为特点”用非谓语形式，作Prducts and activities的后置定语，且 feature 与中心词为主谓关系，故填 featuring。
9. A recent survey has shwn that ______ number f peple in the United Kingdm wh d nt want t use the Internet has risen. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】the
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：最近的一项研究表明，在英国，不想使用网络的人的数量已经上升了。分析句子可知，这里考查 the number f ，表示“……的数量”，为固定搭配，符合句意。故填the。
10. Nrmally grwing eatable and nutritius plants is difficult enugh here n Earth, s imagine______ challenging it wuld be t grw thse greens in micrgravity(微重力)and under highly cntrlled sil cnditins, humidity(湿度), light, and varius gases. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】hw
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：通常，在地球上种植可食用且有营养的植物已经够难了，所以想象一下在微重力和高度受控的土壤条件、湿度、光照和各种气体下种植这些蔬菜会有多大的挑战性。分析句子结构， imagine 后接宾语从句，因空白处在从句中作状语表示方式，使用 hw引导宾语从句，故填 hw。
11. In space, where ______ effect f gravity is slight, things change, and they d s quite strngly. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】the
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词，句意：在太空中，重力的影响很小，事物会发生变化，而且变化相当显著。介词短语f gravity作后置定语，修饰名词effect，特指“(重力的)影响”，应用定冠词the限定。故填the。
12. Cultivating a plant in space is just ne part f a ______ (cmplex)and larger effrt. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】mre cmplex
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：在太空中种植植物只是一项更复杂和更大努力的一部分，根据上文“ Cultivating a plant in space(在太空中种植植物)”以及“ larger”可知，此处是把在太空种植植物和在地球上种植植物进行比较，应用形容词的比较级。故填 mre cmplex。
13. Astrnaut farmers must ensure that the plants grwing in such artificial cnditins are safe t cnsume have n side effects and are pleasant ______ (eat). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t eat
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：宇航员农民必须确保在这种人工条件下生长的植物食用安全、无副作用且口感好， be pleasant t d为固定短语，表示“做某事是令人愉快”，符合句意，故填 t eat.
14. Stressing petry as a medium cnnecting many kinds f art frms, the festival als cntains painting, music, theater, and cinema, ______ cntent reflects peticness (诗意). (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whse
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这一节日强调诗歌是连接多种艺术形式的媒介，它还包括绘画、音乐、戏剧和电影，其内容体现了诗意。空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词painting, music, theater, and cinema，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作cntent的定语，意思是“绘画、音乐、戏剧和电影的内容”，应使用具有所属关系的关系代词whse引导该定语从句。故填whse。
15. We expected t discver yungsters wh can ______ (true) break new grund in the existing landscape f mdern petry. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】truly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们希望发现能够真正在现代诗歌的现有格局中开辟新天地的年轻人。用副词 truly修饰动词break，作状语。故填 truly。
16. The Spring Equinx (春分) signals the equal ______ (lng) f the day and night time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】length
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：春分标志着白天和黑夜的时间长度相等。空处作宾语，表示“长度”应用名词 length，不可数，故填 length。
17. Standing an egg upright is an ld custm that ______ (date) back t 4,000 years ag. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】dates
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：竖立鸡蛋是一个可以追溯到4000年前的古老风俗。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，结合is可知从句表示的是一个客观情况，句子时态使用一般现在时，定语从句中关系词替代先行词 an ld custm，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
18. Japan has said three reactrs (反应堆) there suffered meltdwns after the 2011 earthquake and huge cean wave destryed the plant’s ______ (cl) systems. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】cling
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：日本表示， 2011年地震后，那里的三个反应堆发生了熔毁，巨大的海浪摧毁了核电站的冷却系统。cling system 固定搭配，意为“冷却系统”形容词作定语，故填 cling。
19. Japanese gvernment describes the water t be released ______ “treated” and nt “radiactive”.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：日本政府称将释放的水是“经过处理的”，而不是“放射性的”。 这里考查describe… as…，表“把……描述成为……”，为固定搭配。故填as。
20. Additinally, digital technlgies have been applied by the Palace Museum t prtect cultural ______ (relic) . (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】relics
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，故宫博物院还应用了数字技术来保护文物。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词。 relic遗迹，遗物，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填 relics。
二、阅读理解(共两节，共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
Our much-lved 100-Wrd-Stry Cmpetitin is back! Enter fr the chance t win prizes f up t £1,000. It is a chance t shw the wrld yur strytelling talents! Entries (参赛作品) are nw pen.
Rules and cnditins
Please ensure that entries are created by yurself, nt previusly published and exactly 100 wrds lng (nt including title)—nt a single wrd shrter r lnger! Dn’t frget t include yur full name, address, email and phne number. We may use entries in all print and electrnic media. Multiple entries are allwed per persn. We are unfrtunately nly able t cnsider UK-based entries. Please submit yur stries by 5pm n January 5, 2024 either nline r by pst.
Terms and prizes
There are three categries—ne fr adults and tw categries fr schls: ne fr children aged 12-18 and ne fr children under 12. The editrial team will pick a shrtlist f entries, and the three best stries in each categry will be psted nline at ur website n February 1,2024. Yu can vte fr yur favurite and the ne with the mst vtes will win the tp prize. Vting will clse n February 29, 2024 and the winning entries will be published in ur May 2024 issue, and psted nline n April 16, 2024.
★In the adults categry, the winner will receive £1,000 and ne runner-up will receive £300.
★In the 12-18s categry, the winner will receive£200 r a Kind le Paperwhite, and the runner-up will receive a £100 bks vucher.
★In the under-12 categry, the winner will receive £100 r a Kindle Paperwhite and £100 f bk vuchers fr their schl, and the runner- up will receive a £50 bks vucher.
21. T meet the cmpetitin rules, the entry must be ______.
A. created riginallyB. published penly
C. less than 100 wrdsD. based n the US
22. When can yu see the winning entries earliest?
A. In January.B. In February.C. In April.D. In May.
23. What prize may a winner aged 16 receive?
A. £100.B. £200.C. £300.D. £1,000.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“100-Wrd-Stry Cmpetitin”这个故事比赛的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rules and cnditins部分的“Please ensure that entries are created by yurself(请确保参赛作品是你自己创作的，不是以前发表过的)”可知，为满足竞赛规则，参赛作品必须是原创作品。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Terms and prizes部分的“Vting will clse n February 29, 2024 and the winning entries will be published in ur May 2024 issue, and psted nline n April 16, 2024.(投票将于2024年2月29日结束，获奖作品将刊登在我们2024年5月的杂志上，并于2024年4月16日在网上发布)”可知，你最早可以在四月看到获奖作品。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Terms and prizes部分的“In the 12-18s categry, the winner will receive£200 r a Kind le Paperwhite, and the runner-up will receive a £100 bks vucher.(在12-18岁组别中，获胜者将获得200英镑或一本Kind le Paperwhite，亚军将获得100英镑的图书代金券)”可知，一位16岁的获胜者可能将获得200英镑。故选B。
B
A few mnths ag, a friend gifted me a rbt sweeper that’s prgrammed t mve arund a rm and clean as it ges.
When the bx arrived, I was afraid the device wuld detect me and suck up (汲取) data alng with the dg hair and dust. But the instructins were easy, and I finally decided nt t care.
I pwered up the sweeper, watched it leave its dcking statin t wrk, and quickly fell in lve with my newly shiny flrs. I kept shting its wrking vides. “I think yu’re giving mre attentin t it than t us,” jked my sn.
One day, I returned hme and discvered that ur frnt dr had blwn pen and the rbt rlled int the yard, trying t clean the flwer beds. Even when its brushes were blcked with leaves, bugs and mud, its little wheels bravely kept turning.
The rbt acted prperly as it was prgrammed t clean “dirty” things. In a kitchen, dirt can be garden debris (碎片) such as leaves and mud. In a garden, this kind f dirt des nt need t be remved. The cntext is imprtant. The prblem fr rbts is that reading this cntext is difficult.
This accident inspired me t think mre abut AI (artificial intelligence). As far as I am cncerned, AI is simply well trained and reprduces what it has learned. And it is undeniable that rbts are increasingly being given pwerful intelligence. Sme experts even predict that we will sn see nt nly AI-enabled rbts designed t slve prblems accrding t their instructins, but als thse with the ability t judge hw they shuld respnd when they are in a different setting.
Maybe this will happen in the near future.
24. What was the authr’s cncern abut the rbt sweeper at first?
A. Its after-sales service.B. Its wrking efficiency.
C. The privacy f her family.D. The readability f its instructins.
25. Hw did the authr feel abut the rbt sweeper after using it?
A. Enthusiastic.B. Regretful.C. Uncertain.D. Cautius.
26. What was the rt cause f the accident happening t the rbt sweeper?
A. Its prgram went wrng.B. It lacked critical thinking.
C. Its wheels were badly designed.D. It failed t wrk n rugh surfaces.
27. What des the sixth paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning AI?
A The accident.B. Sme experts’ thinking.
C. Its appeal t the authr.D. The authr’s pinin.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过个人经历，说明了扫地机器人的好处和弊端，并阐述了自己的期待。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“When the bx arrived, I was afraid the device wuld detect me and suck up (汲取) data alng with the dg hair and dust. (当盒子到达时，我担心设备会侦察我，并将数据连同狗毛和灰尘一起吸走。)”可知，起初，作者对扫地机器人的担忧是怕它侵犯她的家人的隐私。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“I pwered up the sweeper, watched it leave its dcking statin t wrk, and quickly fell in lve with my newly shiny flrs. I kept shting its wrking vides. “I think yu’re giving mre attentin t it than t us,” jked my sn. (我启动扫地机，看着它离开坞站开始工作，很快就爱上了我新买的锃亮的地板。我一直在拍摄它的工作视频。“我觉得你把更多的注意力放在它身上，而不是我们身上，”我儿子开玩笑说。)”可推知，作者使用扫地机器人后对扫地机器人充满热情。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第五段“The rbt acted prperly as it was prgrammed t clean “dirty” things. In a kitchen, dirt can be garden debris (碎片) such as leaves and mud. In a garden, this kind f dirt des nt need t be remved. The cntext is imprtant. The prblem fr rbts is that reading this cntext is difficult. (这个机器人的行为是正确的，因为它被编程来清理“脏”的东西。在厨房里，污垢可以是花园的碎片，比如树叶和泥土。在花园里，这种污垢不需要清除。背景很重要。机器人面临的问题是，解读这种背景是很困难的。)”可推知，发生事故的根本原因是机器人缺乏批判性思维。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第六段中“This accident inspired me t think mre abut AI (artificial intelligence). As far as I am cncerned, AI is simply well trained and reprduces what it has learned. And it is undeniable that rbts are increasingly being given pwerful intelligence. Sme experts even predict that we will sn see nt nly AI-enabled rbts designed t slve prblems accrding t their instructins, but als thse with the ability t judge hw they shuld respnd when they are in a different setting. (这次事故激发了我对AI （人工智能）的更多思考。就我而言，人工智能只是训练有素，并复制了它所学到的东西。不可否认的是，越来越多的机器人被赋予强大的智能。一些专家甚至预测，我们很快就会看到不仅能够根据指令解决问题的人工智能机器人，而且还能在不同的环境中判断自己应该如何应对。)”可知，关于人工智能，第六段主要讲作者的观点。故选D。
C
Fr many centuries, the city f Utrecht in the Netherlands was prtected by a defensive wall and canal (运河). But ver time, the wall began t fall dwn. The area was then transfrmed (转变) int a park surrunding the city center. As fr the canal, a plan was set frth t transfrm it int a new ring rad. Since the cmmunity reacted strngly against the prpsal, the ring rad was never built.
In 2002, the lcal cmmunity wished t recver the canal. This began a lng-term restratin prject fr the park and canal, which was designed in partnership with Utrecht’s residents and OKRA Landscape Architects. The specific part f the canal that was under restratin is called the Catharijnesingel. The prject was made up f a 1,100-meter-lng stretch, and required abut 40,000 cubic meters f water t refill the canal.
OKRA’s design fr the new layut f the canal and park features three main interventins (干预措施). Firstly, the park frms a buffer (缓冲带) between the residential and cmmercial areas f the city. It prmtes interactin with nature by prviding citizens with green and blue spaces that prvide relaxatin. This includes space t run and exercise in the park and rw and paddlebard in the canal. Further, the dck (码头) alng the waterfrnt is the perfect cnnectin between the green and blue znes.
The redesign f the Catharijnesingel als prmtes traffic flw. Pedestrians (行人) are the tp chice, and they are given their wn paths where pssible. Meanwhile, a new walking track has been set up alng the canal. It leads exercisers thrugh the park, alngside varius art installatins (雕塑装置) and seating areas, and prvides visitrs with views f the city. Furthermre, the landscape architects included design elements frm the riginal landscape architect, J. D. Zcher, t create a public space that bridges its histrical design with the city center.
In additin, OKRA included strategies t prmte bidiversity. By intrducing a variety f adaptive plant species, the park has becme a hme fr small animals, birds and insects within the city. Thrugh their interventins, OKRA transfrmed the histric site int a healthy space where humans and ther rganisms c-exist peacefully.
28. What made the plan t change the canal int a rad fail?
A. Shrtage f mney.
B. Its pssible harm t nature.
C. The disagreement frm the cmmunity.
D. The difficulty in preserving its histric features.
29. What can we learn abut OKRA’s design frm paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. It is human-centered.
B. It features traditinal lcal culture.
C. Mechanical equipment is widely used.
D. Ec-friendly materials are used.
30. Which f the fllwing best describes the restratin prject?
A. Cstly.
B. Debatable
C. Cmmercial.
D. Successful.
31. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T prmte harmny between man and nature.
B. T intrduce a restratin prject.
C. T shw ways t transfrm a city.
D. T tell the histry f a canal.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荷兰的乌得勒支的居民和OKRA景观建筑师合作设计的一个公园和运河的长期修复项目，通过实施这个设计方案，这个公园和运河改造成了一个健康的空间，人类和其他生物在这里和平共存。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“Since the cmmunity reacted strngly against the prpsal, the ring rad was never built.(由于社区对这一提议反应强烈，环城公路从未修建。)”可知，环城公路没有修建是因为遭到社区居民的强烈反对。故选C项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It prmtes interactin with nature by prviding citizens with green and blue spaces that prvide relaxatin.This includes space t run and exercise in the park and rw and paddle bard in the canal.(它通过为市民提供绿色和蓝色的空间来促进与自然的互动。这包括在公园里跑步和锻炼的空间，以及在运河里划船和桨板的空间。)”以及第4段的第二句话“Pedestrians are the tp chice, and they are given their wn paths where pssible.(行人是首选，并且在可能的情况下给他们自己的道路。)”可知，这个修复项目充分考虑了居民的出行，运动和休闲，体现了以人为本的设计理念。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“By intrducing a variety f adaptive plant species, the park has becme a hme fr small animals, birds and insects within the city.Thrugh their interventins, OKRA transfrmed the histric site int a healthy space where humans and ther rganisms c-exist peacefully.(通过引入各种适应性植物物种，公园已成为城市中小型动物、鸟类和昆虫的家园。通过他们的干预，OKRA将这个历史遗址改造成了一个健康的空间，在这里人类和其他生物和平共存。)”可知，通过改造，人和动物在这个公园一带和谐相处，共生共长，说明改造很成功。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的主旨大意“荷兰的乌得勒支的居民和OKRA景观建筑师合作设计的一个公园和运河的长期修复项目，通过实施这个设计方案，这个公园和运河改造成了一个健康的空间，人类和其他生物在这里和平共存。”可知，本文的写作目的是在向读者介绍一个公园和运河的修复方案。故选B项。
D
If yu live in a regin where winter weather is a regular risk, yu are likely used t puring salt n yur sidewalks. But hw des it wrk? And hw much salt d humans pur nt ur planet’s surface? The secnd questin is easier t answer: a lt.
Salt desn’t directly melt ice, nr des it make snw simply disappear. Instead it makes water less likely t freeze in a phenmenn called freezing pint depressin. In the case f simple rck salt, which is a rawer, less pure versin f table salt, each mlecule (分子) splits int smaller elements. Nrmally, when water freezes int ice, its mlecules line up t frm a stable, rderly structure. Salt interrupts the prcess, hwever, and temperatures must drp lwer t vercme that interruptin and fr freezing t ccur.
But if salt needs t interact with liquid water, hw des it d anything when temperatures are stubbrnly belw freezing, and water shuld already be in the frm f ice? That’s where cars help clear their wn way by creating frictin and, in turn, heat. The frictin allws fr the ice that has already frzen t melt a little bit, making it unlikely t freeze.
Beynd rck salt’s ability t clear icy streets, it can als be destructive. Chlride ins (氯离子) can cause wear and tear n vehicles and facilities. Increasing chlride densities in Nrth American lakes culd begin t upset lcal eclgy and degrade surces f drinking water.
Many lcal gvernments are lking fr alternatives t rck salt. Other salts such as magnesium chlride and calcium chlride wrk in the same way as rck salt, and they’re perhaps even mre efficient. Sme experiments are testing ther ice-preventing slutins, including thse that cntain sugars instead f r in additin t salts. Anther apprach relies mre heavily n sand, which can mechanically make rads safer. All f this experimentatin is aimed at ensuring peple can travel in any weather cnditin — a Herculean task when winter brings its wrst.
32. What’s the purpse f the first sentence in Paragraph 2?
A. T intrduce the tpic.B. T give sme evidence.
C. T define the phenmenn.D. T reveal the miscnceptin.
33. Hw des salt wrk t disturb the prcess f freezing?
A. By lwering the temperature.B. By melting and splitting itself.
C. By lining up t frm a slid structure.D. By stpping the frmatin f the structure.
34. What des the underlined wrd “densities” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Cncentratins.B. Weights.C. Qualities.D. Salts.
35. What’s the last paragraph mainly talking abut?
A. Other salts wn’t disturb lcal eclgy.
B. Effrts are being made t guarantee safe travels.
C. Many alternatives are available t slve the prblem.
D. Bitter winter make it impssible t secure rad safety.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在冬天通过在路面撒盐来缓解雪后因道路结冰而造成的交通安全问题，并就此问题所带来的环境问题进行科普。
32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Salt desn’t directly melt ice, nr des it make snw simply disappear.”（盐不会直接融化冰，也不会让雪消失。）以及第二句“Instead it makes water less likely t freeze in a phenmenn called freezing pint depressin.”（相反，它使水更不容易冻结，这种现象被称为冰点降低。）可知，第二段第一句的目的是揭示一个错误认知，纠正盐直接使雪和冰融化的错误想法。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Nrmally, when water freezes int ice, its mlecules line up t frm a stable, rderly structure. Salt interrupts the prcess, hwever, and temperatures must drp lwer t vercme that interruptin and fr freezing t ccur.”（正常情况下，当水结冰时，它的分子会排成一行，形成一个稳定有序的结构。然而，盐会打断这一过程，而温度必须降得更低，才能克服这种干扰，从而发生冻结。）可知，盐会干扰水分子在结冰时形成稳定、有序的结构。故选D项。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Increasing chlride densities in Nrth American lakes culd begin t upset lcal eclgy and degrade surces f drinking water.”（北美湖泊中氯化物densities的增加可能会扰乱当地生态，并使饮用水源退化。）可知，氯离子的浓度增加会是当地生态系统受到干扰，并使饮用水源退化。所以划线词的意思是“浓度”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段，尤其是“All f this experimentatin is aimed at ensuring peple can travel in any weather cnditin…”（所有这些试验都是为了确保人们在任何天气条件下都能出行。）可知，本段主要阐述地方政府正在努力确保冰雪天气人们出行安全。故选B项。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
There are s many definitins f wisdm. Simply put, wisdm is a mix f insight, cmmnsense, experience, and results t sund judgement. It is nt merely a desirable quality but an abslute necessity in a wrld filled with chas, cntrversy, and cnflicts.___36___It shines ur way thrugh darkness.
Grwing up with fairy tales and fantasy mvies, I always assciated wisdm with Gandalf, Yda, and Albus Dumbledre. Althugh these characters have given every ne f us tns f inspiratin, wisdm actually lies within urselves.___37___And hw?
Embarking n new experiences is an avenue fr acquiring wisdm. Yu will never grw frm being in yur cmfrt zne, which is why yu need t get ut f it. D change yur rutine and experience as much as what life takes yu t! In fact, there are always several sides t a life stry. T identify the truth, yu need t be receptive t different views.___38___It is nt emtin-based either. Instead, train yur mind t be a judgment-free space fr ideas. Open- mindedness pens new pathways t prfund insights.
What if yu are desperate fr persnal grwth and imprvement?___39___
The mre time yu spend with them, the mre transfer f knwledge there will be. Yur tutrs can be whever is wiser than yu. Yet prir t that, engage in dialgue with them t find ut why.
Rme was nt built in a day.___40___It is imprtant t acknwledge that it takes a span f yur life and cntinuus effrt t mature in wisdm as yu navigate life’s challenges.
A. Individuals need t bring it ut.
B. It isn’t smething yu are brn with.
C. Knwledge speaks, but wisdm listens.
D. Remember develping wisdm is beynd a destinatin.
E. A shrtcut t d that is t have wise peple as yur tutrs.
F. Never base yur perspective n the mst ppular pinins.
G. In rder t navigate in it, wisdm becmes ur guiding light.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. F 39. E 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述智慧是我们前进道路上的指路明灯，并且探讨了如何才能获取智慧。
【36题详解】
根据上文“It is nt merely a desirable quality but an abslute necessity in a wrld filled with chas, cntrversy, and cnflicts.（在一个充满混乱、争议和冲突的世界里，它不仅是一种可取的品质，而且是绝对必要的。）”和下文“It shines ur way thrugh darkness.（它照亮我们穿越黑暗的道路。）”可知，智慧可以为我们的世界导航，照亮前方的道路，所以，空处应该是将智慧比作灯塔。G项“In rder t navigate in it, wisdm becmes ur guiding light.（为了在其中航行，智慧成为我们的指路明灯。）”承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
【37题详解】
上文“Althugh these characters have given every ne f us tns f inspiratin, wisdm actually lies within urselves.（虽然这些角色给了我们每个人无数的灵感，但智慧其实在于我们自己。）”和下文“And hw?（那怎么做呢？）” 说明虽然童话故事和魔幻电影里的角色让我们感受到智慧，但获取和运用智慧在于我们自己。空处应该进一步引出我们和智慧的关系。A项“Individuals need t bring it ut.（个人需要把它带出来。）”承上启下，其中it指代前文提到的wisdm，且引出下文“个人怎样将智慧带出来”的内容。故选A项。
【38题详解】
上文“T identify the truth, yu need t be receptive t different views.（为了确定真相，你需要接受不同的观点。）”说明应该接受不同的观点。F项“Never base yur perspective n the mst ppular pinins.（永远不要把你的观点建立在最流行的观点上。）”承接上文，说明不应该只追随最流行的观点，并且和下文“It is nt emtin-based either.（它也不是基于情感的。）”相衔接，符合语境。故选F项。
【39题详解】
上文“What if yu are desperate fr persnal grwth and imprvement?（如果你渴望个人成长和进步呢?）”提出假设，空处应该会对假设做出解答或说明。E项“A shrtcut t d that is t have wise peple as yur tutrs.（要做到这一点，一个捷径就是找有智慧的人做你的导师。）”对上文的问题给出了回答，下文“The mre time yu spend with them, the mre transfer f knwledge there will be.（你和他们相处的时间越长，学到的知识就越多。）”中的them呼应wise peple。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Rme was nt built in a day.（罗马不是一天建成的。）”和下文“It is imprtant t acknwledge that it takes a span f yur life and cntinuus effrt t mature in wisdm as yu navigate life’s challenges.（重要的是要认识到，当你面对生活的挑战时，你需要一段时间的生活和不断的努力来获得成熟的智慧。）”可知，此段讲获取智慧不是一蹴而就的，需要不断努力。D项“Remember develping wisdm is beynd a destinatin.（记住，发展智慧是无止境的。）”承上启下，和前文结构一致，形成对比，引出下文。故选D项。
三、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
When I was grwing up, every evening befre bedtime my father wuld tell me stries f his childhd. He’d tell his stries with mrals, r smetimes just tales withut a particular ____41____but fr pure entertainment _____42_____.
He’d tell me_____43_____f his adventures grwing up in New England with his tw brthers and their_____44_____Dickey Ellis, wh was the butt (笑柄) f all the jkes. Despite always being underestimated (低估) and____45____, Ellis managed t be victrius alngside the Vankevich brthers in their achievements—They defended the_____46_____grups against Butch, wh ften bullied (欺负) the weak, and _____47_____authrity figures when they were being unjust.
It was nly when I was creating a televisual series n strytelling that my father_____48_____me a secret. The majrity f the stries he tld abut his____49____didn’t actually happen. I was astnished but then _____50_____. I realized it didn’t matter that they were______51______. What has mattered t peple mst is that stries ffer______52______t their questins abut where they cme frm, why the wrld is as it is, and hw they shuld lead their life.
My father’s stries taught and ______53______the mral map thrugh which I ______54______the wrld. Nw, I’m ______55______the traditin—I tell my sn, aged 3, a stry every evening befre bed.
41. A. designB. mralC. cntentD. challenge
42. A. educatinB. industryC. valueD. system
43. A. talesB. schedulesC. recmmendatinsD. destinatins
44. A. uncleB. friendC. fatherD. grandfather
45. A. admiredB. cheatedC. ignredD. cmpared
46. A. giftedB. embarrassedC. determinedD. disadvantaged
47. A. questinedB. trustedC. respectedD. puzzled
48. A. hadB. tldC. keptD. fund
49. A. planB. wrkC. discveryD. childhd
50. A. laughedB. criedC. ranD. slept
51. A. rdinaryB. fictinalC. riginalD. rmantic
52. A. intrductinsB. attentinC. answersD. damage
53. A. frmedB. representedC. destryedD. lst
54 A. mnitrB. surpriseC. criticizeD. see
55. A. searching frB. carrying nC. turning dwnD. setting up
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了父亲在作者小时候每晚都会讲他童年的故事，后来父亲说自己讲的大部分故事都是假的，但作者意识到这并不重要，重要的是这些故事为作者对自己和周围的问题提供了答案。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会讲有寓意的故事，或者有时只是没有特定寓意但纯粹为了娱乐的故事。A. design设计；B. mral寓意；C. cntent内容；D. challenge挑战。r前后表示选择，前面提到“stries with mrals”（有寓意的故事），这里应是说没有特定寓意的故事。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. educatin教育；B. industry工业；C. value价值；D. system系统。根据空前的“pure entertainment”可知，这里是说纯粹的娱乐价值。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会给我讲他和两个兄弟以及他们朋友Dickey Ellis在新英格兰长大的冒险故事，Dickey Ellis是所有笑话的笑柄。A. tales故事；B. schedules工作计划，日程安排；C. recmmendatins推荐；D. destinatins目的地。根据上文的stries和tales可知，这里是说他的冒险故事。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. uncle叔叔；B. friend朋友；C. father父亲；D. grandfather祖父。根据空后的“Dickey Ellis”和下文中的“the Vankevich brthers”可知，Dickey Ellis不是Vankevich家族的人，他是作者父亲和兄弟的朋友。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管Ellis总是被低估和忽视，但他还是成功地与Vankevich兄弟一起取得了胜利——他们保护弱势群体，对付经常欺负弱者的Butch，并在权威人物不公正时质疑他们。A. admired羡慕；B. cheated欺骗；C. ignred忽视；D. cmpared比较。and连接了并列的内容，所以空处应和underestimated表达相近的内容，指的是被低估和忽视。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. gifted有天赋的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. determined决心的，果断的；D. disadvantaged弱势的。根据句中的“the weak”可知，他们保护弱势群体。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考第5题。A. questined质询，怀疑；B. trusted相信；C. respected尊重；D. puzzled使困惑。根据句中的“Ellis managed t be victrius alngside the Vankevich brthers in their achievements”和空后的“authrity figures when they were being unjust”可知，Ellis做了许多有成就的事，由此推知，当权威人物不公正时去质疑他们就是其中之一。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我在制作一个讲故事的电视系列节目时，我父亲才告诉了我一个秘密。A. had有；B. tld告诉；C. kept保持；D. fund发现。根据空后的“me a secret”可知，这里是说父亲告诉了作者一个秘密。tell sb. sth.意为“告诉某人某事”。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他讲述的关于童年的大部分故事实际上并没有发生。A. plan计划；B. wrk工作；C. discvery发现；D. childhd童年。根据第一段中的“my father wuld tell me stries f his childhd”可知，这里是说父亲讲的关于自己童年的故事。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，但随后大笑起来。A. laughed笑；B. cried哭；C. ran跑步；D. slept睡觉。but表明空处与“I was astnished”形成转折，结合下文中的“I realized it didn’t matter...”可知，作者对父亲讲假故事的事释然了，所以这里是说作者笑了起来。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到它们是虚构的并不重要。A. rdinary普通的；B. fictinal虚构的，编造的；C. riginal起初的，独创的；D. rmantic浪漫的。根据上文中的“The majrity f the stries he tld abut his ____9____didn’t actually happen.(他讲述的关于童年的大部分故事实际上并没有发生。)”可知，父亲讲述的大部分故事都没有实际发生，也就是父亲自己虚构了这些故事。故选B。
52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对人们来说最重要的是，故事为他们的问题提供了答案，比如他们来自哪里，为什么世界是这样，以及他们应该如何生活。A. intrductins介绍；B. attentin注意；C. answers答案；D. damage损害。根据空后的“t their questins”可知，这里是说提供问题的答案。answers t...意为“……的答案”。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲的故事教导并形成了我看待世界的道德地图。A. frmed（使）成形，制作；B. represented代表；C. destryed破坏；D. lst失去。根据空后的“the mral map”可知，父亲讲的故事制成了一幅道德地图，作者用它来看待整个世界。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. mnitr监视；B. surprise使惊奇；C. criticize批评；D. see看，看见。根据上文中的“their questins abut where they cme frm, why the wrld is as it is, and hw they shuld lead their life”可知，这些问题是关于自己和周围世界的问题，也是人们认识世界时产生的疑问，所以这里是说作者通过父亲用故事绘制的道德地图去看待世界。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我把这个传统继续了下去，每天晚上睡前给3岁的儿子讲故事。A. searching fr搜寻；B. carrying n继续做；C. turning dwn拒绝；D. setting up设立。根据句中的“I tell my sn, aged 3, a stry every evening befre bed”可知，作者像父亲曾经那样，每晚为自己的儿子讲故事，所以他延续了父亲的这一传统。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分)
第一部分语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分;共15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s nline literature industry is making an increasing impact verseas with sme even ___56___ (say) that it can cmpare with U. S. and Krean films and TV shws. By the end f 2022, mre than 16,000 Chinese nline wrks f literature ___57___ (exprt) abrad, including ver 6,400 physical bk authrizatins and ver9,600___58___(translate) nline wrks.
Overseas readers f Chinese web nvels exceeded(超过) 150 millin in 2022, mainly Generatin Z brn between 1996 and 2010. Amng 15 majr ___59___(categry), urban, western and eastern fantasy, gaming, and science fictin emerged as the five mst ppular types amng verseas readers.
In June, Wang Xiang, ___60___ member f the nline literature cmmittee at the China Writers Assciatin, tld dmestic media Chinese web nvels are ften similar t Hllywd mvies in terms f their strytelling methds and fcus ___61___ superhuman abilities. “Chinese nline literature has becme a ___62___ (glbe) cultural center cmpared with Hllywd mvies in terms f ___63___ (it) reach and influence amng the wrldwide audience,” said Wang.
Last year, 16 Chinese nline wrks f literature were included in the British Library’s Chinese cllectin fr the first time, all f which were first published n digital reading platfrm Qidian ___64___ readers can read kinds f Chinese nline literature. Accrding t data released by the Chinese Academy f Scial Sciences in April, the revenue(收入) f the dmestic nline literature market reached 38.93 billin yuan in 2022, a year-n-year ___65___(grw) f 8.8%.
【答案】56. saying
57. had been exprted
58. translated
59. categries
60. a 61. n##upn
62. glbal 63. its
64. where 65. grwth
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来，中国的网络文学在海外的人气持续上升的现状和影响。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的网络文学产业在海外产生了越来越大的影响，甚至有人说它可以与美国和韩国的电影和电视节目相提并论。根据空前的with sme even可知，此处为with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，逻辑主语sme与say“说”构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用所给动词的现在分词saying，作宾补。故填saying。
【57题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：截至2022年底，中国网络文学作品累计输出1.6万多部，其中实体图书授权6400多部，网络译著9600多部。结合句意可知，exprt“输出”与其主语16.000 Chinese nline wrks f literature构成动宾关系，又根据时间状语By the end f 2022 可知，此处用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been exprted。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：截至2022年底，中国网络文学作品累计输出1.6万多部，其中实体图书授权6400多部，网络译著9600多部。分析句子结构可知，本空为非谓语作定语，translate“翻译”与其逻辑主语nline wrks构成动宾关系，故此处填translate的过去分词translated，作定语，修饰nline wrks。故填translated。
【59题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在15个主要类别中，城市小说、东西方奇幻小说、游戏小说、科幻小说成为最受海外读者欢迎的5大类型。categry“类别”为可数名词，又根据数量词15 可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式categries，作介词Amng的宾语。故填categries。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今年6月，中国作家协会网络文学委员会委员王翔在接受国内媒体采访时表示，中国的网络小说在叙事方式和对超人能力的关注方面往往与好莱坞电影相似。此处“member”与Wang Xiang构成同位语，故用不定冠词a“一位”。故填a。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：今年6月，中国作家协会网络文学委员会委员王翔在接受国内媒体采访时表示，中国的网络小说在叙事方式和对超人能力的关注方面往往与好莱坞电影相似。结合空前的fcus可知，本空填n或upn，“fcus n/upn...”为固定短语，意为“关注……,聚焦……”。故填n或upn。
【62题详解】
考查词形容词。句意：与好莱坞电影相比，中国网络文学在全球观众中的影响力已经成为一个全球文化中心。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词glbal“全球的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词短语cultural center。故填glbal。
【63题详解】
考查代词。句意：与好莱坞电影相比，中国网络文学在全球观众中的影响力已经成为一个全球文化中心。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词性物主代词its“它的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词reach和influence。故填its。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：去年，16部中国网络文学作品首次被纳入大英图书馆的中文馆藏，所有这些作品都首次发表在数字阅读平台起点上，读者可以在起点上阅读各种中国网络文学。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词platfrm Qidian，且从句中缺少地点状语，故填关系副词where，引导定语从句。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查词名词。句意：根据中国社科院今年4月发布的数据，2022年国内网络文学市场收入达到389.3亿元，同比增长8.8%。由空前的冠词a可知，本空填名词形式grwth“增长”。故填grwth。
第二部分 书面表达(满分40分)
66.应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Ryan想了解移动支付（mbile payment）在中国的使用情况。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．介绍移动支付；
2．移动支付的好处。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
Knwing that yu’re interested in mbile payment in China, I’m mre than glad t share sme ideas f mine abut it.
Mbile payment usually refers t making payments by scanning QR cdes with mbile phnes. It is generally believed that China is the largest mbile payment market, which has benefited ur life a lt. With the widespread use f mbile payment, WeChat r Alipay makes it cnvenient fr us t pay. Rarely d we have t carry cash arund r wait in line. It nt nly brings us great cnvenience, but there are ften additinal discunts if we make mbile payment.
I hpe my explanatin can be f sme help t yu. Wish yu all the best.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给笔友Ryan写一封邮件，给他介绍移动支付以及其带来的好处。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in →shw an interest in
高兴的：glad → happy /delighted
对……有益：benefit→d gd t
有帮助的：be f help→ be helpful
2.句型拓展
陈述句变倒装句
原句：It nt nly brings us great cnvenience, but there are ften additinal discunts if we make mbile payment.
拓展句：Nt nly des it bring us great cnvenience, but there are ften additinal discunts if we make mbile payment.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is generally believed that China is the largest mbile payment market, which has benefited ur life a lt.（运用了that引导的主语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Rarely d we have t carry cash arund r wait in line. （运用了部分倒装）
67.读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One afternn in August, five years after Mm passed away, I was unpacking my grceries(食品杂货) in my kitchen. When I lifted my left hand ut f a grcery bag, I suddenly culdn’t breathe. Lking at the ring n my finger, I fund the star sapphire (蓝宝石)was gne. Mm had given me the ring n my twenty-first birthday. I had wrn it every day fr twenty-nine years. It was a reminder f Mm and a symbl f ur lve.
“N! N! N!” I yelled, hurrying t check the bag and the flr, and then my car, but the star sapphire was nwhere t be fund. Feeling helpless, I called my best friend, Marie. “The star sapphire in my ring fell ut. I dn’t knw what t d,” I said, extremely wrried.
Marie replied, “Please dn’t be anxius. Try t stay calm and psitive. Yu can g back t the places yu just visited and take a lk.” But hw culd I keep hpe in seemingly impssible situatins? Anyway, I started my car and drve t the grcery stre again. I culdn’t shake the feeling that there was little chance that I culd find my stne.
Back at the grcery stre, I pulled int the same parking spt and lked everywhere fr my star sapphire. My hands and knees felt the ht grund as I searched crazily arund and under my SUV car. Then I rushed inside the stre, searching fr a familiar face fr mre help. I sptted Amanda, a staff member whm I had met n previus shpping trips, and urgently tapped her n the shulder. “I was just here twenty minutes ag and lst the stne f this ring. It’s very special t me. It’s frm my late mm. Culd yu please help me lk fr it?” I cried, unaware that many ther peple arund als heard my wrds.
Amanda’s eyes sftened and she ndded understandingly. She immediately tk a large mp(拖把) and started carefully sweeping it back and frth dwn the first aisle (过道) f the huge stre.
Paragraph 1:
In tears, I called after her, “It’s light blue and small.”
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly, a custmer near the cunter excitedly called ut ludly, “Oh, Madam, I’ve fund it!”.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
In tears, I called after her, “It’s light blue and small.” “Wuld yu mind if I help yu lk fr it?” said a custmer nearby suddenly. “Oh, thank yu,” I replied in surprise. “Let me als help,” anther custmer said. Sn, many custmers and wrkers spared their time and jined the search, getting dwn n their hands and knees. Meanwhile, the music in the stre was replaced by the annuncement f wishing peple t help find my stne. I was tuched and my hpe increased. Hwever, after an hur’s search, there was still n luck, which made me feel hpeless.
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly, a custmer near the cunter excitedly called ut ludly, “Oh, Madam I’ve fund it!” We all immediately lked up at him, whse hand was hlding up a shining stne. Thrilled, I ran twards him, finding it was truly my lst star sapphire. Relief washed ver me, and I gave the custmer a hug with gratitude. Then, all the thers inside the stre cheered and clapped, glad that I finally gt my valuable stne back. I sincerely thanked everyne and shared the gd news with Marie. Driving hme, I was filled with great peace and warmth due t thse kind peple.
【解析】
【导语】本文以蓝宝石为线索展开，讲述了作者发现戒指上的蓝宝石丢失了，这枚戒指是作者的妈妈在作者21岁生日那天送给作者的。29年来，作者每天都戴着它。它让作者想起了去世的妈妈，也是她们爱的象征。她马上回到她购物的商店寻找。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我流着泪在她身后说道:“它是浅蓝色的，很小。”及第二段首句可知，第一段可描写顾客和工作人员都帮忙寻找，广播也播出了这个事情，但是没有找到。
②由第二段首句内容“突然，柜台附近的一位顾客兴奋地大声喊道:“哦，夫人，我找到了！”可知，第二段可描写一个顾客找到了蓝宝石以及作者的心情和感悟。
2.续写线索：帮忙寻找——没找到——作者沮丧——一位顾客找到了——作者感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
1.帮助：help /assist
2.取代：replace/take place f
情绪类
1.兴奋的：thrilled/excited
2. 高兴的：glad/pleased
【点睛】[高分句型1] We all immediately lked up at him, whse hand was hlding up a shining stne. (运用了whse引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Driving hme, I was filled with great peace and warmth due t thse kind peple. (运用了现在分词作状语)
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