必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters精品导学案

这是一份必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters精品导学案，共11页。


Ⅰ.认阅读单词
1．prcedure n．程序；步骤；手续
2．cm abbr.(centimetre r centimeter)厘米
3．rcket n．火箭；火箭弹
4．gravity n．重力；引力
5．frntier n．边境；国界；边远地区
6．vehicle n．交通工具；车辆
7．satellite n．人造卫星；卫星
8．rbit n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt.& vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
9．giant adj.巨大的；伟大的 n．巨人；巨兽；伟人
10．agency n．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处
11．transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送
12．data n．[pl.]资料；数据
13．nging adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的
14．spacecraft n．航天器；宇宙飞船
15．spacewalk n．太空行走；太空行走的时间
16．jade n．玉；翡翠；玉器
17．dck vi.& vt.(两架航天器)对接；(使)……进港 n．码头；船坞
18．slar adj.太阳的；太阳能的
19．slar system太阳系
20．sufficient adj.足够的；充足的
21．micrwave n．(als micrwave ven)微波炉
22．tissue n．纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织
23．facility n．设施；设备
24．fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的
25．high-end adj.高端的
26．fam n．泡沫橡胶；泡沫
27．pillw n．枕头
28．the USSR abbr.the Unin f Sviet Scialist Republics苏联
29．NASA abbr.Natinal Aernautics and Space Administratin(美国)国家航空与航天局
30．the Internatinal Space Statin国际空间站
31．Mars n．火星
32．Jupiter n．木星
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．astrnaut n．宇航员；太空人
2．launch vt.& n．发射；发起；上市
3．leap n．跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt，leapt r leaped，leaped) vi.& vt.跳过；跃过
4．mankind n．人类
5．signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志
6．recycle vt.回收利用；再利用
7．muscle n．肌肉；实力；影响力
8．flat vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流
9．therwise adv.否则；要不然
10．beynd prep.在更远处；超出
11．current adj.当前的；现在的 n．水流；电流；思潮
12．sap n．肥皂
13．twel n．毛巾；抹布
14．keen adj.热衷的；渴望的
15．shallw adj.肤浅的；浅的
16．pattern n．模式；图案；模范
17．mnitr n．监视器；监测仪 vt.监视；监测；监控
18．smartphne n．智能手机
19．resurce n．资源；财力；物力
20．xygen n．氧；氧气
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．mental adj.精神的；思想的→mentally adv.精神上地
2．universe n．宇宙；天地万物→universal adj.宇宙的；通用的
3．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n．智慧
4．determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determine vt.查明；确定；决定→determinatin n．决心；果断
5．disappinted adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappint vt.使失望→disappinting adj.令人失望的→disappintment n．失望；沮丧
6．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desired adj.渴望的，想要的
7．independent adj.独立的；自立的→independently adv.独立地；自立地→independence n．独立；自立→depend vi.依靠
8．lack vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺→lacking adj.缺乏的；不足的
9．glbe n．地球；世界；地球仪→glbal adj.全球的；全面的
10．argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n．争论；争吵；论点
11．analysis n．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyze (＝analyse) v．分析
12．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv.有规律地；经常；定期地→irregular adj.无规律的；不定期的
13．limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的→limit vt.& n．限制
14．clsing adj.结尾的；结束的 n．停业；关闭；倒闭→clse vt.关闭 adj.近的；亲密的→clsely adv.仔细地；严密地
15．mystery n．神秘事物；谜→mysterius adj.神秘的
16．attach vt.系；绑；贴→attached adj.附着的；依恋的→attachment n．附件；附属品；依恋
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．carry n继续做，坚持干
2．n bard在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
3．in the hpe f ding sth.抱着……的希望
4．s as t (d sth.)为了；以便
5．figure ut弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
6．result in导致；造成
7．as a result所以；结果(是)
8．prvide fr sb.提供生活所需
9．in clsing最后
10．run ut用完；耗尽
1．credit n．信用；赞扬；学分
2．criminal n．罪犯；犯人
3．currency n．货币；通货
4．custms n．海关；关税
5．database n．资料库，数据库
6．deadline n．最后期限，截止日期
1．These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted，but the desire t explre the universe never died.(make＋宾语＋宾补)
这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。
2．Astrnauts have t use tape t stick everything dwn while wrking in space because everything wuld flat ff therwise.(therwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句)
宇航员在太空工作时，不得不用胶带把所有的东西固定下来，否则所有的东西都会飘走。
3．Firstly，explring space has already made a difference in the fight against wrld hunger.(动名词作主语)
首先，探索太空已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用。
4．As a result，space-based science has helped farming in its effrts t grw enugh fd t feed Earth’s increasing ppulatin.(ding作前置定语)
因此，太空技术帮助农业努力种植足够的食物来养活地球上不断增长的人口。
5．Sending peple t ther planets r even beynd the slar system is nt an easy gal t achieve.(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d)
把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
eq \x(determine，launch，disappinted，independent，therwise，lack，sufficient)
Mankind has managed t create facilities and vehicles t carry astrnauts int the universe.They 1.launch rckets carrying satellites.Many intelligent peple arund the glbe are 2.determined t devte themselves t space explratin，even thugh fatal space disasters which killed astrnauts n bard make them ，when living in space，the astrnauts have t recycle dirty water s as t use it later.Fr 4.lack f gravity，their muscles becme weak.They have t tape everything up,5.therwise they wuld flat arund.They als need t figure ut a way t stre 6.sufficient fd and xygen，but peple’s desire t explre space never dies.China is the third cuntry t send humans int space signals a giant leap frward fr China.Sme peple argue that we shuld stp wasting time and mney n space explratin，which is a shallw view.Our planet’s resurces are limited，and as a result，we shuld find a new hme t prvide fr the ever increasing ppulatin.In clsing，we attach great imprtance t slving the mystery abut space and will carry n with space explratin regularly.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
disappinted adj.失望的，沮丧的 (disappint vt.使失望/沮丧disappinting adj.令人失望的 disappintment n．失望，沮丧)
(1)Judging frm his disappinted lk，his bss was disappinted with his disappinting perfrmance.S t his disappintment，he didn’t get prmted.(disappint)
(2)他对未能获奖感到极度失望，把自己锁在房间里。(读后续写之心理描写)
Overcme with bitter disappintment at his failing t win a prize，he lcked himself in the rm.
(3)T their disappintment，they failed t ck a Mther’s Day breakfast at the first attempt.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
→What made them disappinted/What disappinted them was that they failed t ck a Mther’s Day breakfast at the first attempt.(用what引导的主语从句改写)
→They failed t ck a Mther’s Day breakfast at the first attempt，which made them disappinted/disappinted them.(用定语从句改写)
desire n．渴望；欲望；愿望 vt.渴望；期望
(1)The by has a strng desire fr a smartphne with a large internal memry t play games.
(2)My freign teacher desires his sn t learn(learn) Chinese culture，s I strngly recmmend Beijing Language and Culture University t him.
(3)我渴望成为像那些医生一样的人，他们为社会做出了巨大贡献。(2020·天津，书面表达)
①I desire t becme a persn like thse dctrs wh have made great cntributins t the sciety.(desire t d)
②I desire that I (shuld) becme a persn like thse dctrs wh have made great cntributins t the sciety.(desire that...)
signal v．标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志；预示；信号灯
(1)The headteacher signaled t the mnitr t manage(manage) the students strictly.
(2)铃声响起，放学了，学生们站起来，抓起书包，像箭一样冲出教室。(读后续写之动作链描写)
The bell signaled that schl was ver，and all the students rse t their feet，seized their schlbags and rushed ut f the classrm like arrws.
(3)司机抱起受伤的男孩，把他放在车里，匆忙把他送到医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。(读后续写之动作链描写)
The driver lifted up the injured by，placed him in the car and rushed him t the hspital，ignring the traffic signals all the way.
lack vt.缺乏；缺少；没有 n．缺乏；短缺 (lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的)
(1)Fr lack f sufficient xygen，the astrnaut culd nt carry n with his missin.
(2)健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。(话题写作之健康生活)
Health prblems are clsely cnnected with bad eating habits and (a) lack f exercise.
(3)尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验，但他们通过上网寻求建议来弥补。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
①Thugh they lacked cking experience，the twins made up fr it by turning t the Internet fr sme advice.
②Thugh lacking cking experience，the twins made up fr it by turning t the Internet fr sme advice.(用省略句改写)
argue vt.& vi.争论；争辩；论证(argument n．争论；争辩；争吵；论点)
(1)The reasn why he had an argument(argue) with his wife was that their mney was running ut.
(2)He ften argues with his sn abut/ver recycling water s as t cut dwn the water bill.
(3)They argued him int taking exercise n a regular basis.
(4)现在 60%的受采访者支持垃圾分类并且声称他们会在日常生活中这么做。(议论文)
Currently,60% f the interviewees argue fr rubbish classificatin and claim that they will d this in their daily life.
attach v．系；绑；贴；把……固定；重视(attached adj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的 attachment n．附件；附属品；依恋)
(1)Please find my applicatin letter and resume in the attachment(attach)．
(2)With time ging by，Claire seemed t be mre attached(attach) t Tny，the rbt.
(3)在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。(应用文写作之建议信)
Yu can never attach t much imprtance t reading during the prcess f learning a language.
(4)他拿出吊床，拴在树上，惬意地躺在里面，听着他最喜爱的音乐。(读后续写之动作链描写)
He tk ut the hammck，attached it t the trees and lay in it cmfrtably，listening t his favrite music.
run ut用完；耗尽(物作主语，无被动语态)
用run的相关短语填空
(1)The mment we ran acrss/int a cute wild rabbit，we rde ur hrses and ran after it withut hesitatin.
(2)Our energy was running ut but when we heard the call f my uncle，a radiant smile lit up ur faces.
(3)I had run ut f all my patience and I began t explde with anger.
Astrnauts have t use tape t stick everything dwn while wrking in space because everything wuld flat ff therwise.宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有的东西固定下来，否则所有的东西都会飘走。
(1)我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。
We didn’t knw yu were in truble at that time，therwise we wuld have given yu a hand.
(2)我现在没带钱。否则我就借给你一些了。
I have n mney n me nw.Otherwise，I wuld lend sme t yu.
(3)快点，否则我们会错过末班车。
Hurry up，therwise/r we will miss the last bus.
Firstly，explring space has already made a difference in the fight against wrld hunger.首先，探索太空已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用。
(1)对学习有积极的态度是我尊敬你的原因。
Having a psitive attitude t study is the reasn why I respect yu.
(2)在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼。(读后续写之心理描写)
Being lst in the frest made my heart in my muth.
(3)在我看来，玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。
In my pinin，it is a waste f time playing cmputer games.
(4)他考试又不及格使他很羞愧，他羞愧地低着头。
His failing in the exam again made him ashamed and he hung dwn his head in shame.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．current
eq \x(A.adj.现在的；当前的 B.adj.流通的 C.n.气流 D.n.潮流)
(1)Sme birds use warm air currents t help them fly. C
(2)The current mney in China is Renminbi. B
(3)We shuld try ur best t g with the current f the times. D
(4)Students are placed int classes based n their current language skills. A
2．therwise
(1)My parents lent me sufficient mney.Otherwise，I culdn’t have affrded the trip. B
(2)Seize the chance，therwise yu wn’t enjy the beautiful traditinal Chinese paintings.(2021·6月浙江，应用文写作) D
(3)There was sme music playing upstairs.Otherwise the huse was silent. C
(4)It is nt permitted t sell r therwise distribute cpies f past examinatin papers. A
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)Officials are nt allwed t mnitr the vting.监听，监视
(2)The barman gave free drinks t the regulars at Christmas.老顾客们
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Mr Smith is determined(determine) t seek his frtune in the dwntwn area.
2．The yung man had a strng desire t earn (earn) a living by himself sn after he graduated.
3．He had t seek help frm his clleagues fr lack f experience.
4．Thse wh ignre the traffic signals(signal) can’t escape being punished.
5．It was wise f him t admit what he had dne therwise he wuld have gt(get) int series f truble.
6．The diversity between minrities ften brings abut arguments(argue)．
7. Apart frm the mild climate，the ethnic music als results in the prsperus turism.
8. Afterwards，he seemed t run ut f frtune and finally he lst all his pssessins.
9．The prince had his servant attach a jade accessry t his rbe carefully.
10．Being blamed(blame) by my father made me s sad that I hid my face in my hands and cried.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
建议信——因父母不支持而失望
1．你父母反对你的决定，你很失望。(be disappinted that；argue against)
Yu are disappinted that yur parents argue against yur decisin.
2．你渴望和朋友一起沿湄公河骑行。(desire t d)
Yu desire t cycle alng the Mekng River with yur friends.
3．我认为平和地和你父母交流很重要。(attach imprtance t)
I attach great imprtance t cmmunicating with yur parents in a peaceful way.
4．要不然，缺乏有效的面对面的交流只会恶化你和父母之间的关系。(therwise；lack)
Otherwise，lacking effective face-t-face cmmunicatin can nly wrsen the relatinship between yu and yur parents.
5．我深信你会说服你的父母支持你的决定。(argue sb.int ding)
I am greatly cnvinced that yu can argue yur parents int supprting yur decisin.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
keen adj.热衷的；渴望的
intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的
disappinted adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappint vt.使失望→disappinting adj.令人失望的→disappintment n．失望；沮丧
desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望
2．动作描写
leap vi.& vt.跳过；跃过
signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号
flat vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流
lack vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺
argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论；争吵
prvide fr sb.提供生活所需
run ut用完；耗尽
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
和妈妈大吵之后，我重重地摔上门，冲出房子。既失望又沮丧，我感觉好像漂浮在无限悲伤的海洋里。后来，我站在一个摊位旁，由于缺钱叹了口气。摊主注意到了我的窘境，微笑着向我打招呼，示意我坐下。我感动地哭了。摊主微笑道：“孩子，正是你的妈妈从你出生那天起就一直在为你提供生活所需！”我擦干眼泪，跳了起来，像风一样跑回家。
Having argued with my mther fiercely，I strmed ut f the huse，slamming the dr heavily.Disappinted and frustrated，I felt like flating in an cean f limitless sadness.Later，I std beside a stand and sighed fr lack f mney.The seller nticed my dilemma，greeted me with a kind smile and signaled me t sit dwn.I was mved t tears.The seller smiled，“Girl，it is yur mther wh has been prviding fr yu frm when yu were brn！” I wiped my tears，leapt t my feet and ran fr hme like a wind.•be disappinted at/with/by...对……失望
be disappinted t d sth.对做某事失望
be disappinted that...对……失望
•t ne’s disappintment令某人失望的是
•have a desire t d sth.渴望做某事
have a desire fr sth.渴望得到某物
•desire t d sth.渴望做某事
desire sb.t d sth.渴望某人做某事
desire that...(shuld) d...渴望……
•signal (t) sb.t d sth.示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that示意(某人)……
•traffic signals交通信号灯
•(a) lack f缺少……
fr/thrugh lack f因缺少……
•be lacking in在……方面缺乏
argue with sb.abut/ver sth.因某事与某人争吵/争论
argue fr/against (ding)sth.据理赞成/反对(做)某事
argue that...主张……，认为……
argue sb.int/ut f ding sth.说服某人做/不做某事
•把……附在……上；把……绑在……上
attach 认为……有重要性/意义/价值/分量等
•be attached t喜欢，依恋；附属于
run ut f用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态)
run acrss偶然遇到
run after追逐；追求
run int撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等)
•therwise用作连词时，有时表示一种含蓄的虚拟条件，此时其后的句子用虚拟语气。表示对过去的虚拟，其后句子的谓语动词用wuld/culd have dne；表示对现在的虚拟，其后句子的谓语动词用wuld/culd d。
•therwise还常用于句型“祈使句＋therwise＋陈述句”。
explring space在句中作主语。ding作主语还有以下情况：(1)it作形式主语：It is n use/n gd/useless ding sth.做某事没用；It is a waste f time ding sth.做某事浪费时间。(2)动名词的复合结构：名词所有格/形容词性物主代词＋ding作主语。
A.adv.以其他方式 B.adv.否则；不然
C.adv.除此以外 D.cnj.否则；要不然