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人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters精品学案及答案
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters精品学案及答案，共11页。
Ⅰ.认阅读单词
1．trnad n．(pl.-es r -s)龙卷风；旋风
2．drught n．旱灾；久旱
3．landslide n．(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
4．tsunami n．海啸
5．vlcanic eruptin火山喷发
6．magnitude n．(地)震级；重大
7．evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离
8．helicpter n．直升机
9．crack n．裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂
10．brick n．砖；砖块
11．metal n．金属
12．revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒
13．revival n．振兴；复苏
14．unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体
15．vlcan n．(pl.-es r -s)火山
16．typhn n．台风
17．hurricane n．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
18．whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n．哨子(声)；呼啸声
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．disaster n．灾难；灾害
2．slide vi.& vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动
3．fld n．洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
4．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
5．damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
6．destry vt.摧毁；毁灭
7．shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
8．gas n．汽油；气体；燃气
9．ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏
10．percent n．百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中
11．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
12．bury vt.埋葬；安葬
13．effrt n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
14．cntext n．上下文；语境；背景
15．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
16．tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
17．pipe n．管子；管道
18．calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
19．aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.(frmal)帮助；援助
20．crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞
21．sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫
22．wave n．海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
23．strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡
2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→effect n．效果；结果；影响→effective adj.有效的
3．shck n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shcking adj.令人震惊的→shcked adj.感到震惊的
4．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electrnic adj.电子的
5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
6．wisdm n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的
7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．受难；苦楚
8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruptin n．喷发
9．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生还→survivr n．幸存者；生还者
10．pwer n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→pwerful adj.强大的；强壮的→pwerless adj.无力的
11．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现；出现
12．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．投递；送交
13．summary n．总结；概括；概要→summariz(s)e vt.& vi.总结；概括
14．length n．长；长度→lng adj.长的→lengthen v．(使)变长
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．as if似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
3．in shck震惊；吃惊
4．in the pen air露天；在户外
5．first aid kit急救箱
6．n hand现有(尤指帮助)
7．sweep away消灭；彻底消除
8．refuse t d sth.拒绝做某事
9．the number f...……的数量
1．ambulance n．救护车
2．ancient adj.古代的
3．anniversary n．周年纪念日
4．annual adj.每年的
5．antique n．古董，古玩
6．apartment n．公寓
7．apparent adj.表面上的；明显的
1．Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat，and dgs refused t g inside buildings.()
鸡甚至连猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。
2．It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end.(as if引导的虚拟语气)
仿佛世界末日即将来临。
3．Water，fd，and electricity were hard t get.(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d)
很难得到水、食物和电。
4．Sn after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.(thse wh...)
地震刚刚过去，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
5．The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday，killing mre than 6,500 peple in Indnesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least fur ther cuntries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)
过去40年来最强的一次地震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家的6,500多人死亡。
6．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.(be 正在做……突然……)
我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
eq \x(death，suffer，breathe，deliver，damage，strike，bury，shck)
Disasters such as trnades，drughts，flds，landslides，vlcanic eruptins，typhns，hurricanes and earthquakes have cme ne after anther，causing great 1.damage t many cuntries.In summary，the earthquake has the wrst effects.The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused mre than 240,000 percent f hmes lay in ruins and peple 3.suffered a lt.Fd，water and electricity were hard t get.Everywhere the 4.shcked survivrs saw destryed bricks，deep cracks in village wells and useless metals as if the wrld were at an end.Rescue teams dug ut the trapped,5.buried the dead，and built shelters in the pen air.With unified effrts and wisdm f all peple，the city revived itself and began t 6.breathe again.Earthquakes under the sea can als cause tsunamis.The tsunami that 7.struck Asia in 2004 crashed int castlines.Huge waves swept away many peple.Freign cuntries aided these areas by 8.delivering fd and supplies by helicpters.(Tips fr emergency：※ Keep calm ※ Tap n a pipe r whistle fr help※Stay away frm pwer lines ※ Survive n what yu have n hand ※ Keep first aid kits at hme)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
affect v．影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染(effect n．影响；结果；效果 effective adj.有效的)
(1)We must take effective(affect) measures t prevent natural disasters in advance.
(2)Unluckily，he was affected(affect) with a serius illness and passed away，making us depressed.
(3)总的来说，英文报Yuth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
In summary，the English newspaper Yuth affects me greatly/has a great effect n me.I am ften deeply affected by cuntless mving stries in the newspaper.
shck vt.(使)震惊 n．休克；震惊；令人震惊的事(shcked adj.感到震惊的 shcking adj.令人震惊的)
(1)Lking at the huse which lay in ruins in shck，he called 911 immediately t rescue the injured peple wh were trapped.
(2)All f us were shcked at the shcking news that many deaths had been caused by the muntain fire.(shck)
(3)I was shcked t hear(hear) the news that his car gt crashed the ther day seriusly.The news was a shck t us.
(4)The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in.Elli and I were shcked.
(2020·浙江，读后续写)
→The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in，which shcked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shcked.(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)
→What shcked Elli and me was that the bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in.(用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句改写)
bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏
(1)He wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands.(读后续写之动作描写)
→He wept sadly，burying his face in his hands.(用ding作状语改写)
→He wept sadly，with his face buried in his hands.(用with的复合结构改写)
→He wept sadly，his face buried in his hands.(用独立主格改写)
(2)我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
①I bury myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.
②Buried in reading the English newspaper every day，I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n．受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难 sufferer n．受害者；患者)
(1)Peple f the disaster area suffered a lt frm the typhn，and water supplies and electricity were hard t get.
(2)生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之升华句)(强调句)
There are always sme ups and dwns in ur lives，but it is the suffering that makes us strnger.
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivr n．幸存者 survival n．幸存；生还)
(1)We will d everything in ur pwer t help thse survivrs(survive) in the trnad.
(2)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking acrss Eurpe，surviving entirely n discarded(丢弃的) fd.(2019·浙江)
(3)Althugh the ld lady suffered frm a serius illness，she still survived her husband by 5 years.
(4)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)
Life isn’t abut hw t survive the strm；it’s abut learning t dance in the rain.
strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
(1)The wrkers are cming ut n strike fr higher wages，which is a shck t the gvernment.
(2)被他为我所做的事情所感动，我不能自已，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之心理描写)
①Because I was struck by what he had dne fr me，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.
②Struck by what he had dne fr me，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
(3)我突然想到我可以通过把我的头塞进南瓜赢得第一名。(2021·1月浙江，读后续写)
It suddenly struck/hit/ccurred t me that I culd win the first place by frcing my head inside the pumpkin.
in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 (ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产)
(1)90 percent f huses lay in ruins after the landslide and helicpters were used t evacuate peple living there.
(2)The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night and it nearly ruined his health.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night，which nearly ruined his health.(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)
→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night，nearly ruining his health.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
as if/thugh似乎；仿佛；好像
(1)Listen，the whistle f an ambulance！It seems as if there is(be) an emergency.
(2)When a pencil is partly put int water，it lks as if it were(be)brken.
(3)似乎Mac的生命结束了。
It seemed as if Mac’ s life had cme t an end.
(4)树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越害怕。(读后续写之心理描写)
It is dark in the wds.It seems as if there were a fierce beast behind every bush.The mre she thinks f this，the mre frightened she is.
(5)看起来好像他们可能会给我们一百万美元。但我知道这是不可能的。
It seems as if they might/wuld give us a millin dllars.But I knw it is impssible.
用法点拨 若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大，则不用虚拟语气。
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
(1)我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。
We were abut t leave/were n the pint f leaving when a big nise came frm the next rm.
(2)我正在上网搜索相关信息，这时我的手机突然响了。
I was searching the Internet fr the relevant infrmatin when my cellphne rang.
(3)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。
I had just escaped frm the burning huse when it fell t the grund.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．strike
(1)When I entered the rm，the clck had just struck 10. F
(2)As an ld saying ges，“Strike the irn while it’s ht.” Yu’d better g ver what yu have learned as sn as pssible. A
(3)The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the rm immediately. E
(4)They have been n strike fr several days t get a higher pay. C
(5)A big earthquake struck the area last week，which then caused a terrible tsunami. D
(6)It strikes us that we can fllw the stream back t the farmhuse. B
2．deliver
eq \x(A.递送 B.生小孩；接生 C.发表演说等)
(1)The princess has been delivered f a healthy baby by. B
(2)I’m having sme flwers delivered fr her birthday. A
(3)I feel greatly hnured t deliver a lecture n genetic engineering here. C
3．affect
eq \x(A.影响 B.感动 C.疾病侵袭；使感染)
(1)Deeply affected by the film，we culdn’t hld back tears. B
(2)Hnestly speaking，the cming-f-age ceremny affects me greatly.(2020·天津，书面表达)
A
(3)The fld affected the area greatly，destrying huses and causing many deaths. C
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)She was rushed t the hspital after suffering frm shck.休克
(2)When we visited the ld family hme，past sweet memries came flding back.大量涌入
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．He made a great effrt t save the girl trapped(trap) in the burning huse.
2. Wrking ut either indrs r utdrs regularly will affect(effect) yur fitness psitively.
3．The news that the athlete failed in the marathn due t a serius injury made us shcked(shck)．
4．Buried(bury) in reading the legend f a master in basketball，he didn’t make it t schl n time.
5．Hw can yu survive n such a pr diet? Keeping slim desn’t make sense if yu’re nt healthy.
6. Cmpared with thse wh are engaged in manual labr，teachers experience mre mental sufferings(suffer)．
7．It struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending t understand what I didn’t.
8．The stadium and the gym lay in ruins after the big fire caused by careless smking.
9．The schlbys cmpete fiercely in the sccer match as if they were cmpeting(cmpete) in a natinal champinship.
10．T win an hnur fr his cuntry，he didn’t give up even if he gt injured in the race，setting(set) a gd example t thers.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2021·全国乙)——在线学习
1．我觉得在线学习对我们学生有重大影响。(It strikes sb.that；effect)
It strikes me that nline learning has a great effect n us students.
2．许多学生专心学习有益的在线课程，这既扩大了他们的视野也提高了他们的学习兴趣。(be buried in；现在分词短语作结果状语)
Many students are buried in learning beneficial nline curses，bradening their hrizns and enhancing their learning interest.
3．然而，使我们震惊的是许多学生沉溺于在线游戏。(shck)
Hwever，what shcks us/what makes us shcked is that many students are addicted t nline games.
4．这从长远看一定会毁掉他们的健康和希望。(ruin)
It will definitely ruin their health and hpe in the lng run.
5．尽管这个问题很难解决，我们应该不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受网瘾之苦的人。(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d；thse wh...；suffer frm)
Althugh/Thugh/While the prblem is difficult t handle，we shuld spare n effrt t help thse wh are suffering frm Internet addictin.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
shck n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
in shck震惊；吃惊
calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静→calmness n．镇静
2．动作描写
slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动
fld vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.帮助；援助
crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞
sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫
wave n．海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
3．环境描写
in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
in the pen air露天；在户外
typhn n．台风
hurricane n．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
汤姆震惊地发现水一直上涨。他被困在他的房子里，他的心一下子提到了嗓子眼。吓得僵住了，他站在那里一动不动，各种可怕的想法向他涌来。他是否可以在洪水中活下来还是个未知数。幸运的是，一些救援人员来帮助他了，给他带来了最后一线希望。镇静立即替代了心里不断增加的恐惧和不安。遭受了这么多，汤姆再也不能抑制自己的情绪，感激的泪水像断了线的珠子一样滚下他的脸颊。
Tm was shcked t find that the water kept rising.He was trapped in his huse and his heart suddenly jumped int his thrat.Frzen with fear，he std rted t the spt，varius terrible thughts flding in.Whether he wuld survive the fld was still unknwn.Luckily，sme rescue wrkers came t his aid，bringing him the last glimmer f hpe.A sense f calmness immediately replaced the munting fear and anxiety in his mind.Having suffered s much，Tm culdn’ t cntain his emtins and tears f gratitude trickled dwn his cheeks，like a brken line f beads.•be affected by受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with感染……疾病
•have an effect/influence n/upn对……产生影响
•be a shck t...对……而言是一件震惊的事
in shck吃惊地，震惊地
•be shcked at sth./that...对……感到震惊
be shcked t d sth.因做某事而感到震惊
bury 把某物埋在……
bury neself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
suffer frm遭受……折磨；患……病
survive n靠……存活下来
survive sth.幸免于；从……中活过来
A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
•be struck with/by被……所袭击(感动)
It strikes 某人觉得……；某人突然想起……
sth.strike sb.某人想到……
•be n strike在罢工
g n strike举行罢工
•表示“突然想到”的单词还有hit，ccur。
be/lie in ruins成为废墟；毁灭
fall/cme int ruin成为废墟；毁灭
ruin ne’s hpe/health毁掉某人的希望/健康
•as if相当于as thugh，意为“似乎，好像”，用在seem，lk等系动词之后引导表语从句。as if/thugh还可引导方式状语从句。
•若as if/thugh从句描述非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。
①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)；
②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去完成时(had＋过去分词)；
③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用wuld/culd/might＋动词原形。
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：
•be abut t 正要做……突然……
•be n the pint f 正要做……突然……
•had (just) 刚做完……这时突然……
A.v.打 B.v.使突然想起 C.n.罢工
D.v.灾难、疾病等袭击 E.v.划火柴 F.v.钟敲)
Ⅰ.认阅读单词
1．trnad n．(pl.-es r -s)龙卷风；旋风
2．drught n．旱灾；久旱
3．landslide n．(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
4．tsunami n．海啸
5．vlcanic eruptin火山喷发
6．magnitude n．(地)震级；重大
7．evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离
8．helicpter n．直升机
9．crack n．裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂
10．brick n．砖；砖块
11．metal n．金属
12．revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒
13．revival n．振兴；复苏
14．unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体
15．vlcan n．(pl.-es r -s)火山
16．typhn n．台风
17．hurricane n．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
18．whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n．哨子(声)；呼啸声
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．disaster n．灾难；灾害
2．slide vi.& vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动
3．fld n．洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
4．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
5．damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
6．destry vt.摧毁；毁灭
7．shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
8．gas n．汽油；气体；燃气
9．ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏
10．percent n．百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中
11．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
12．bury vt.埋葬；安葬
13．effrt n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
14．cntext n．上下文；语境；背景
15．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
16．tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
17．pipe n．管子；管道
18．calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
19．aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.(frmal)帮助；援助
20．crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞
21．sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫
22．wave n．海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
23．strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡
2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→effect n．效果；结果；影响→effective adj.有效的
3．shck n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shcking adj.令人震惊的→shcked adj.感到震惊的
4．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electrnic adj.电子的
5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
6．wisdm n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的
7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．受难；苦楚
8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruptin n．喷发
9．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生还→survivr n．幸存者；生还者
10．pwer n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→pwerful adj.强大的；强壮的→pwerless adj.无力的
11．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现；出现
12．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．投递；送交
13．summary n．总结；概括；概要→summariz(s)e vt.& vi.总结；概括
14．length n．长；长度→lng adj.长的→lengthen v．(使)变长
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．as if似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
3．in shck震惊；吃惊
4．in the pen air露天；在户外
5．first aid kit急救箱
6．n hand现有(尤指帮助)
7．sweep away消灭；彻底消除
8．refuse t d sth.拒绝做某事
9．the number f...……的数量
1．ambulance n．救护车
2．ancient adj.古代的
3．anniversary n．周年纪念日
4．annual adj.每年的
5．antique n．古董，古玩
6．apartment n．公寓
7．apparent adj.表面上的；明显的
1．Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat，and dgs refused t g inside buildings.()
鸡甚至连猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。
2．It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end.(as if引导的虚拟语气)
仿佛世界末日即将来临。
3．Water，fd，and electricity were hard t get.(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d)
很难得到水、食物和电。
4．Sn after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.(thse wh...)
地震刚刚过去，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
5．The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday，killing mre than 6,500 peple in Indnesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least fur ther cuntries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)
过去40年来最强的一次地震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家的6,500多人死亡。
6．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.(be 正在做……突然……)
我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
eq \x(death，suffer，breathe，deliver，damage，strike，bury，shck)
Disasters such as trnades，drughts，flds，landslides，vlcanic eruptins，typhns，hurricanes and earthquakes have cme ne after anther，causing great 1.damage t many cuntries.In summary，the earthquake has the wrst effects.The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused mre than 240,000 percent f hmes lay in ruins and peple 3.suffered a lt.Fd，water and electricity were hard t get.Everywhere the 4.shcked survivrs saw destryed bricks，deep cracks in village wells and useless metals as if the wrld were at an end.Rescue teams dug ut the trapped,5.buried the dead，and built shelters in the pen air.With unified effrts and wisdm f all peple，the city revived itself and began t 6.breathe again.Earthquakes under the sea can als cause tsunamis.The tsunami that 7.struck Asia in 2004 crashed int castlines.Huge waves swept away many peple.Freign cuntries aided these areas by 8.delivering fd and supplies by helicpters.(Tips fr emergency：※ Keep calm ※ Tap n a pipe r whistle fr help※Stay away frm pwer lines ※ Survive n what yu have n hand ※ Keep first aid kits at hme)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
affect v．影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染(effect n．影响；结果；效果 effective adj.有效的)
(1)We must take effective(affect) measures t prevent natural disasters in advance.
(2)Unluckily，he was affected(affect) with a serius illness and passed away，making us depressed.
(3)总的来说，英文报Yuth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。
(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
In summary，the English newspaper Yuth affects me greatly/has a great effect n me.I am ften deeply affected by cuntless mving stries in the newspaper.
shck vt.(使)震惊 n．休克；震惊；令人震惊的事(shcked adj.感到震惊的 shcking adj.令人震惊的)
(1)Lking at the huse which lay in ruins in shck，he called 911 immediately t rescue the injured peple wh were trapped.
(2)All f us were shcked at the shcking news that many deaths had been caused by the muntain fire.(shck)
(3)I was shcked t hear(hear) the news that his car gt crashed the ther day seriusly.The news was a shck t us.
(4)The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in.Elli and I were shcked.
(2020·浙江，读后续写)
→The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in，which shcked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shcked.(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)
→What shcked Elli and me was that the bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in.(用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句改写)
bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏
(1)He wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands.(读后续写之动作描写)
→He wept sadly，burying his face in his hands.(用ding作状语改写)
→He wept sadly，with his face buried in his hands.(用with的复合结构改写)
→He wept sadly，his face buried in his hands.(用独立主格改写)
(2)我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)
①I bury myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.
②Buried in reading the English newspaper every day，I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n．受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难 sufferer n．受害者；患者)
(1)Peple f the disaster area suffered a lt frm the typhn，and water supplies and electricity were hard t get.
(2)生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之升华句)(强调句)
There are always sme ups and dwns in ur lives，but it is the suffering that makes us strnger.
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivr n．幸存者 survival n．幸存；生还)
(1)We will d everything in ur pwer t help thse survivrs(survive) in the trnad.
(2)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking acrss Eurpe，surviving entirely n discarded(丢弃的) fd.(2019·浙江)
(3)Althugh the ld lady suffered frm a serius illness，she still survived her husband by 5 years.
(4)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)
Life isn’t abut hw t survive the strm；it’s abut learning t dance in the rain.
strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
(1)The wrkers are cming ut n strike fr higher wages，which is a shck t the gvernment.
(2)被他为我所做的事情所感动，我不能自已，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之心理描写)
①Because I was struck by what he had dne fr me，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.
②Struck by what he had dne fr me，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
(3)我突然想到我可以通过把我的头塞进南瓜赢得第一名。(2021·1月浙江，读后续写)
It suddenly struck/hit/ccurred t me that I culd win the first place by frcing my head inside the pumpkin.
in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 (ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产)
(1)90 percent f huses lay in ruins after the landslide and helicpters were used t evacuate peple living there.
(2)The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night and it nearly ruined his health.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night，which nearly ruined his health.(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)
→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night，nearly ruining his health.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
as if/thugh似乎；仿佛；好像
(1)Listen，the whistle f an ambulance！It seems as if there is(be) an emergency.
(2)When a pencil is partly put int water，it lks as if it were(be)brken.
(3)似乎Mac的生命结束了。
It seemed as if Mac’ s life had cme t an end.
(4)树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越害怕。(读后续写之心理描写)
It is dark in the wds.It seems as if there were a fierce beast behind every bush.The mre she thinks f this，the mre frightened she is.
(5)看起来好像他们可能会给我们一百万美元。但我知道这是不可能的。
It seems as if they might/wuld give us a millin dllars.But I knw it is impssible.
用法点拨 若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大，则不用虚拟语气。
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
(1)我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。
We were abut t leave/were n the pint f leaving when a big nise came frm the next rm.
(2)我正在上网搜索相关信息，这时我的手机突然响了。
I was searching the Internet fr the relevant infrmatin when my cellphne rang.
(3)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。
I had just escaped frm the burning huse when it fell t the grund.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．strike
(1)When I entered the rm，the clck had just struck 10. F
(2)As an ld saying ges，“Strike the irn while it’s ht.” Yu’d better g ver what yu have learned as sn as pssible. A
(3)The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the rm immediately. E
(4)They have been n strike fr several days t get a higher pay. C
(5)A big earthquake struck the area last week，which then caused a terrible tsunami. D
(6)It strikes us that we can fllw the stream back t the farmhuse. B
2．deliver
eq \x(A.递送 B.生小孩；接生 C.发表演说等)
(1)The princess has been delivered f a healthy baby by. B
(2)I’m having sme flwers delivered fr her birthday. A
(3)I feel greatly hnured t deliver a lecture n genetic engineering here. C
3．affect
eq \x(A.影响 B.感动 C.疾病侵袭；使感染)
(1)Deeply affected by the film，we culdn’t hld back tears. B
(2)Hnestly speaking，the cming-f-age ceremny affects me greatly.(2020·天津，书面表达)
A
(3)The fld affected the area greatly，destrying huses and causing many deaths. C
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)She was rushed t the hspital after suffering frm shck.休克
(2)When we visited the ld family hme，past sweet memries came flding back.大量涌入
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．He made a great effrt t save the girl trapped(trap) in the burning huse.
2. Wrking ut either indrs r utdrs regularly will affect(effect) yur fitness psitively.
3．The news that the athlete failed in the marathn due t a serius injury made us shcked(shck)．
4．Buried(bury) in reading the legend f a master in basketball，he didn’t make it t schl n time.
5．Hw can yu survive n such a pr diet? Keeping slim desn’t make sense if yu’re nt healthy.
6. Cmpared with thse wh are engaged in manual labr，teachers experience mre mental sufferings(suffer)．
7．It struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending t understand what I didn’t.
8．The stadium and the gym lay in ruins after the big fire caused by careless smking.
9．The schlbys cmpete fiercely in the sccer match as if they were cmpeting(cmpete) in a natinal champinship.
10．T win an hnur fr his cuntry，he didn’t give up even if he gt injured in the race，setting(set) a gd example t thers.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2021·全国乙)——在线学习
1．我觉得在线学习对我们学生有重大影响。(It strikes sb.that；effect)
It strikes me that nline learning has a great effect n us students.
2．许多学生专心学习有益的在线课程，这既扩大了他们的视野也提高了他们的学习兴趣。(be buried in；现在分词短语作结果状语)
Many students are buried in learning beneficial nline curses，bradening their hrizns and enhancing their learning interest.
3．然而，使我们震惊的是许多学生沉溺于在线游戏。(shck)
Hwever，what shcks us/what makes us shcked is that many students are addicted t nline games.
4．这从长远看一定会毁掉他们的健康和希望。(ruin)
It will definitely ruin their health and hpe in the lng run.
5．尽管这个问题很难解决，我们应该不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受网瘾之苦的人。(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d；thse wh...；suffer frm)
Althugh/Thugh/While the prblem is difficult t handle，we shuld spare n effrt t help thse wh are suffering frm Internet addictin.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
shck n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
in shck震惊；吃惊
calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静→calmness n．镇静
2．动作描写
slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动
fld vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.帮助；援助
crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞
sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫
wave n．海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
3．环境描写
in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
in the pen air露天；在户外
typhn n．台风
hurricane n．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
汤姆震惊地发现水一直上涨。他被困在他的房子里，他的心一下子提到了嗓子眼。吓得僵住了，他站在那里一动不动，各种可怕的想法向他涌来。他是否可以在洪水中活下来还是个未知数。幸运的是，一些救援人员来帮助他了，给他带来了最后一线希望。镇静立即替代了心里不断增加的恐惧和不安。遭受了这么多，汤姆再也不能抑制自己的情绪，感激的泪水像断了线的珠子一样滚下他的脸颊。
Tm was shcked t find that the water kept rising.He was trapped in his huse and his heart suddenly jumped int his thrat.Frzen with fear，he std rted t the spt，varius terrible thughts flding in.Whether he wuld survive the fld was still unknwn.Luckily，sme rescue wrkers came t his aid，bringing him the last glimmer f hpe.A sense f calmness immediately replaced the munting fear and anxiety in his mind.Having suffered s much，Tm culdn’ t cntain his emtins and tears f gratitude trickled dwn his cheeks，like a brken line f beads.•be affected by受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with感染……疾病
•have an effect/influence n/upn对……产生影响
•be a shck t...对……而言是一件震惊的事
in shck吃惊地，震惊地
•be shcked at sth./that...对……感到震惊
be shcked t d sth.因做某事而感到震惊
bury 把某物埋在……
bury neself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
suffer frm遭受……折磨；患……病
survive n靠……存活下来
survive sth.幸免于；从……中活过来
A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
•be struck with/by被……所袭击(感动)
It strikes 某人觉得……；某人突然想起……
sth.strike sb.某人想到……
•be n strike在罢工
g n strike举行罢工
•表示“突然想到”的单词还有hit，ccur。
be/lie in ruins成为废墟；毁灭
fall/cme int ruin成为废墟；毁灭
ruin ne’s hpe/health毁掉某人的希望/健康
•as if相当于as thugh，意为“似乎，好像”，用在seem，lk等系动词之后引导表语从句。as if/thugh还可引导方式状语从句。
•若as if/thugh从句描述非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。
①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)；
②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去完成时(had＋过去分词)；
③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用wuld/culd/might＋动词原形。
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：
•be abut t 正要做……突然……
•be n the pint f 正要做……突然……
•had (just) 刚做完……这时突然……
A.v.打 B.v.使突然想起 C.n.罢工
D.v.灾难、疾病等袭击 E.v.划火柴 F.v.钟敲)
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