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高中人教版 (2019)Unit 4 History and traditions学案及答案
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这是一份高中人教版 (2019)Unit 4 History and traditions学案及答案，共13页。学案主要包含了重点单词及短语，重要语言点，阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、重点单词及短语
1. puzzle n.迷；智力游戏；疑问 vt.使困惑
2. surrund vt. 围绕；包围
3. battle n.战役；搏斗 vi.&vt.搏斗;奋斗
4. defence n.防御；保卫→defend v.防卫；保卫
5. legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.非法的；不合法的
6. evidence n.证据；证明→evident adj.有证据的
7. achievement n.成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到
8. 把连接或连接起来
9. break away（frm sb.sth.）脱离；背叛；逃脱
10. be referred t as被称作
11. belng t 属于（某人）
二、重要语言点
1.Getting t knw a little bit abut British histry will help yu slve this puzzle.了解一点英国历史将有助于你解决这个难题。
puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑
in a puzzle 感到困惑；不解之谜 ; 疑问
例句：He wre a puzzled lk n his face.
他脸上流露出迷惑不解的神情。
例句：My sister puzzles me and makes me anxius.
我妹妹总让我捉摸不透，弄得我焦虑不安。
单句语法填空
①The fireman were in a puzzle（感到困惑）abut the cause f the fire.
②Hw t deal with the prblem puzzled（使困惑）us.
2.In the 16th century, the nearby cuntry f Wales was jined t the Kingdm f England. 十六世纪，邻国威尔士人英格兰王国。
把和……连接或连接起来
例句：Every individual r grup is Jined t the wrld by the Internet.
每一个人或团体都通过互联网与世界相连。
词语积累：
jin in参加；加入
jin sb. in ding sth和某人一起做某事
单句语法填空
①The island is jined t（把和……连接或连接起来）the mainland by a bridge.
②I think I'll jin in（参加）参加n the bat cmpetitins.
3.the suthern part f Ireland brke away frm the UK,which resulted in the full name we have tday...
……爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称……
该主从复合句中，which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代一整句话的意思。该定语从句中，we have tday同样是定语从句，修饰先行词name。
break away (frm sb. /sth.）脱离；背叛；逃脱
The teenager brke away frm the vlunteer and ran away.
这名少年从志愿者手中挣脱逃跑了。
词语积累
break ff 中断；折断 break thrugh突破
break ut突然发生，爆发 break up破碎；分解；解散;（关系）破裂
break in破门而入；打断，插嘴 break int破门而入；实..来
break dwn（机器等）出故障，坏掉；分散：失败
根据中文含义填空。
①Anna tried t break away（挣脱）but he held her tight.
②The suthern states wanted t break away frm（脱离）the unin s a war brke ut.
UK is als ften referred t as Britain r Great Britain...
联合王国也经常被称为英国或大不列颠。
refer t... as... 把……称为……
(1) refer t提到，谈到；涉及，关于；参考，查阅
He referred t a recent trip t Canada in his lecture.他在讲话中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。
词语积累
“把看作称为”的表达方式还有：
think lk
(2) 把……提交，把归功于……；把称作……
Sme peple refer all the trubles t bad luck instead f lack f ability.
有些人把自己所有的苦恼都归咎于运气不佳，而不认为是缺乏能力。
单句语法填空
①The terrible accident resulted as careless driving.
②Wh d yu think the teacher is referring t?
5.The fur cuntries that belng t the Unit Kingdm wrk tgether in sme areas.同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。
belng t
(1）属于（某人）
例句：The prperty shuld belng t me f right.按照法律这笔财产应当属于我。
(2）是（俱乐部、组织等）的成员
例句：We belng t the new club. 我们是这个新俱乐部的成员。
(3）是（某族类或纲目）的一部分，属于
例句：Lins belng t the cat family. 狮属于猫科。
完成句子
①Prfessr Williams keeps telling his students that the future belng t（属于） the well-educated.
②他们参加同一个象棋俱乐部。
They belng t the same chess class.
6.They use the same flag,knwn as the Unin Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，它们也使用同面国旗。
defence n.防御；保卫
in defence (f）保护；为了保卫;（为辩护）
词语搭配：in ne's defence为某人辩护 cme t ne's defence出来保护某人
例句：Attack is said t be the best frm f defence.
据说进攻是防御的最好方式。
单句语法填空
①The tw walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks.
②Tw rescues wrkers came t his defence(defend) when the accident happened.
have different educatin systems and legal systems...
实行不同的教育和法律制度。
legal adj.法律的，合法的 legal rights 合法权利
legal dcuments法律文件 the legal prfessin/system法律专业/体系
ver the legal limit超过法律允许范围 legal adviser法律顾问
词语积累
illegal adj.非法的，违法的
根据中文意思填空。
①We'll lk at the prblem frm a strictly legal（法律的）pint f view.
②He explained the legal rights（合法权利）f the peple at length.
will be surrunded by evidence f fur different grups f peple...
……你都会被四个不同群体的遗迹所包围
surrund v.围绕；包围
用包围
搭配
be surrunded by/with...被包围/环绕
surrund neself with 在一起；与为伍
语法填空
①They have surrunded(surrund)the flat with the plice.
②The small island with beautiful sight is surrunded by/with（被包围/环绕） the sea.
evidence n.证据，证明
搭配：There is evidence that...有证据表明
give evidence（出庭）作证
clear/strng evidence明显的/充分的证据
medical/scientific evidence医学/科学证据
单句语法填空
1.Enugh evidence (evident) shws that a balanced diet helps t avid being verweight.
2.D yu have evidence that this treatment wrks?
9.Sme f their great achievements included building twns and rads.
罗马人的伟大成就在于他们建立了城镇、修建了道路。
achievement n.成就：成绩：功绩；达到，完成
词语搭配：
make an achievement取得成就
a sense f achievement成就感
词语积累：
achieve n.实现；取得，达到
achieve nes gal/dream达到目标/实现梦想
achieve success/victry/standard获得成功获得胜利/达到标准
完成句子
In the past few years,China has made great achievements（取得巨大成就）in envirnmental prtectin.
behind lts f new vcabulary, and als the names f many lcatins acrss the UK. ……留下了诸多新的词汇，并给英国境内的许多地方命名。
lcatin n.地方；地点；位置
the exact/precise lcatin确切位置
词语积累
(1) lcate v. 坐落于；位于；的位置
(2) lcated adj.处于；位于；坐落在
be lcated in... 位于……
根据中文意思填空。
①It has taken until nw t pin dwn its exact lcatin（位置）.
②The cuntry is lcated in（位于……）the nrthern part f Eurpe.
11.They cnquered England after the well-knwn Battle f Hastings
in the 11th century.十世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役之后，诺曼人征服了英格兰。
battle
(1)n. 战役；搏斗
a lng lengthy battle旷日持久的斗争 fight 打……的仗
win /lse battle打赢/输掉一场仗 accept the battle应战
(2）以正义搏斗；奋斗
battle against/with 战斗
搭配
battle fr为而战，为而奋斗
根据中文意思填空。
①This battle（斗争）is between yu and me.
②We've gt t win this battle（打赢一场仗）in the mind field.
12.S what is the difference between them, if any?
那么，如果这些名称有区别的话，区别何在？
句式分析
该句中if any是省略句，其完整形式为if there is any difference.
if any 如果有的话
根据中文意思填空
①Please let me knw hw many are cming, if any（如果有的话）?
②What ne quality, if any（如果有的话；假如有的话）, d yu like the mst abut yur partner?
13.There is s much mre t learn abut the interesting histry and culture f the United Kingdm.英国的历史文化引人入胜，可学之处比比皆是。
句式分析
there is s much mre t learn... 是there 结构。
There be+主语+非谓语动词.
There are many cases lying in the crner f the rm.房间的角落里有许多箱子。
归纳拓展
There be+主语+t d.（表示动作尚未发生）
There be+主语+ding.（表示主动和进行）
There be+主语+ dne.（表示被动或完成）
单句语法填空
1.There are still millins f peple suffering (suffer) frm hunger nwadays.
2. There will be sme vlunteer t help (help) in remte areas.
Fill in the mind map.
一、语法填空
1.The spelling f English is ften_______(puzzle).
2.D yu knw hw many f them jined_______the research prject?
3.The Unin first cnsisted f several cuntries, brke away _______it later
Because f cnflicts.
4.He has a preference fr literature as result________the influence frm his mther.
5.Yu shuld refer this matter________the head ffice fr a decisin.
二、任务型阅读
Table Manners
We all like t think we have gd table manners, but what yu cnsider prper table manners may actually be cnsidered rude in anther cuntry! Let's explre sme strange table manners arund the wrld.
Mst peple believe that it is bad manners t slurp（出声地吃或喝）r hld yur sup bwl up t yur muth. ________ Slurping in Japan is an indicatin that the fd is gd. Therefre, in Japan, slurping is cnsidered plite.
________ In sme cultures, finishing all the fd n yur plate is a sign that yur hst did nt prvide yu with enugh fd. Filipins, Kreans and Thais will all think like this. In many cases yur hst will cntinue t serve yu each time yu clear yur plate. Fr Japanese peple, hwever, finishing all the fd n ne's plate is a sign t the hst that the meal is delicius and that yu appreciate the meal.
________ This is a belief in many Asian cuntries, including Thailand, Japan and China. It's cnsidered tab（禁忌） because during funerals（丧礼）, bwls f rice with chpsticks sticking in them are ffered t the dead.
Dn't cut yur salad with a knife in France. Prper etiquette（礼节）in France when eating a salad t fld the salad leaves nt yur frk if they are t big t put in yur muth. Yu shuld never cut yur salad with a knife. ________
Pay attentin t frks. Have yu ever been t a fancy western restaurant, nt sure which frk t use?
________ In Thai culture the prper way t enjy Thai fd is with a spn in yur right hand and a frk in yur left. Sme cuntries dn't even use frks but rather eat with their hands, like India, Nepal and Pakistan.
A. That isn't true in Japan.
B. It's the ne furthest frm yur plate.
C. Yu must finish the fd n yur plate.
D. Shuld yu finish all the fd n yur plate?
E. Yu may use yur frk t eat smething like fruit.
F. Never leave yur chpsticks sticking in a bwl f rice.
G. This rule is taught t many French children frm an early age.
三、阅读理解
In many cuntries f the wrld, peple can cnfidently tell yu the meaning f their twn r city, but mst peple wh live in Manchester, Oxfrd r Birmingham wuld nt be able t explain what the name f their city means. The name f every British twn r city, hwever, has a lng histry.
Tw thusand years ag, mst peple living in Britain were Celts. Even the wrd "Britain" is Celtic（凯尔特语）. Then the Rmans arrived and built camps which became cities called "castr". This is why there are s many place names in England which end in "-chester" r "-caster", Manchester, fr example.
The Rmans never reached Wales r Sctland, and many place names there are Celtic. Fr example, Welsh place names that begin with "Llan" cme frm the Celtic wrd fr "church".
After the Rmans left Britain, it was attacked by the Angl-Saxns wh were frm the area f Eurpe that is nw Germany and Hlland. The names f their villages ften end in "- ham" r "- tn". Sme get their names frm the leader f the village. Birmingham fr example, means "Bermund's village"
The Angl-Saxns were farmers and the landscape was very imprtant t them, s we have villages called Uptn (village n a hill)—a gd place t build a village and Mretn ("village by a lake") where flds culd make life hard. Place names that end in "- frd" (a place where yu culd crss a river) als describe the lcatin f Angl-Saxn villages.
Finally, in 1066 England became Nrman—the Nrmans gave us the place name "grange", which means farm.
And hw abut Lndn? Experts cannt agree. The Rmans called the city Lndinium, but they were nt the first inhabitants（居民）. Peple nce believed that the United Kingdm's capital city gt its name frm the castle f a King called Lud, but this is very unlikely. Our best guess tday is that the name cmes frm a Celtic wrd meaning a fast-flwing river. Like a number f British place names, its histry is lst in time.
（1）Accrding t the article, Stratfrd is mst likely a twn .
A.n a hill
B.near a castle
C.beside a river
D.with a church
（2）Which f the fllwing shws the crrect rder f the arrival f the inhabitants in Britain?
A.The Celts—The Rmans—The Nrmans—The Angl-Saxns.
B.The Celts—The Rmans—The Angl-Saxns—The Nrmans.
C.The Rmans—The Celts—The Angl-Saxns—The Nrmans.
D.The Rmans—The Angl-Saxns—The Celts—The Nrmans.
（3）What des Lndn mean in Celtic?
A.River.
B.Lndinium.
C.Lud.
D.Castle.
答案解析部分
一、语法填空
1.【答案】puzzling
2.【答案】in
3.【答案】frm
4.【答案】f
5.【答案】t
二、任务型阅读
1.【答案】 A；D；F；G；B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地的一些奇怪的餐桌礼仪。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Mst peple believe that it is bad manners t slurp r hld yur sup bwl up t yur muth”很多人认为出声喝汤是坏习惯；以及空后“Slurping in Japan is an indicatin that the fd is gd. Therefre, in Japan, slurping is cnsidered plite.”在日本出声喝汤是在表示食物的味道好。因此，在日本这样做是礼貌的行为。A项可以承上启下，说明日本的情况与前面所说国家的情况不同。故选A。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。第三段说的是在有些国家，吃光盘子里的食物意味着没吃饱，而在另一些国家这样做则表示你用餐完毕，并且对食物很满意。故本段主要讨论的是是否要吃光自己盘子里的食物。故选D。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“This is a belief in many Asian cuntries, including Thailand, Japan and China.”可知在很多亚洲国家自己用的筷子插在米饭上是一种禁忌。所以F. Never leave yur chpsticks sticking in a bwl f rice“永远不要把筷子插在米饭里”符合语境。故选F。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Yu shuld never cut yur salad with a knife”你不应该用刀切沙拉，可知主要说的是在法国不要用刀子切沙拉。G选项中的This rule指不用刀切沙拉这条规则。即很多法国的孩子很小就学了这个礼仪。故选G。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Have yu ever been t a fancy western restaurant, nt sure which frk t use?”你是否有过去一家高档的西餐厅用餐却不知道该用哪把叉子的经历？可知是在询问是不是不知道用哪个叉子，故下文应当回答用哪个叉子。所以选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、阅读理解
2.【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国一些城市名称的含义及由来。
（1）考察推理判断。根据第五段中的“Place names that end in -frd" (a place where yu culd crss a river) als describe the lcatin f Angl-Saxn villages. ”可知以－frd结尾的名字是和河流有关的。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Tw thusand years ag, mst peple living in Britain were Celts.”可知The Celts为第一批到达英国的居民；“Then the Rmans arrived”可知The Rmans为第二批；第四段中的“After the Rmans left Britain, it was attacked by the Angl-Sacns wh were frm the area f Eurpe that is nw Germany and Hlland.”可知The Angl-Saxns为第三批；以及倒数第二段中的“Finally, in 1066 England became Nrman ”可知The Nrmans为最后一批。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“句Our best guess tday is that the name cmes frm a Celtic wrd meaning a fast-flwing river.”可知伦教这个名字来自凯尔特语，意思是一条湍急的河流。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
学生姓名
班级
序号
课题内容
Unit 4 The Histry and Traditins Perid 2 Reading and Thinking
教材分析
The theme f this unit is British histry and traditins. It aims t help readers understand the tw benefits f studying British histry and the imprtance f understanding the histry f a cuntry.
This article mainly intrduces the analysis f British histry, gegraphy and culture, and tries t explain the imprtance f a cuntry's histry t understanding a cuntry. The text begins with a puzzle: Why are there s many names in Britain and what's the differences between them? Use this questin in the text t stimulate the curisity f readers and find the answer in the text. The first, secnd and third paragraphs f the main text briefly describe the histry f the UK, explain the rigin f different cuntry names in the UK and describe the frmatin prcess f their full names. And the similarities and differences f the fur cuntries in sme areas. Then, it intrduces the psitive influences f the fur invading grups n British sciety and culture in different histrical perids, such as gvernment, twns, rad, language, fd and s n. The furth paragraph describes Lndn and its lng histry. It tells readers that understanding the histry f Britain can help us better understand the cuntry and its traditin. The fifth paragraph pints ut that learning abut British histry can make ur trip t Britain mre enjyable and interesting. The first fur paragraphs f the text intrduce that studying British histry can help us t better understand Britain and its traditin. The fifth paragraph f the main text emphasizes the imprtance f knwing the histry and culture f this cuntry befre learning abut it. In terms f reading strategies, students shuld fcus n predicting, skimming and scanning Making a timeline, etc., which can accurately grasp the subject infrmatin f the text.In ther wrds, knwing the histry f the UK can make ur trip t the UK mre enjyable and interesting.
This curse helps students understand English histry, imprve their basic knwledge and skills f using English, imprve their reading and expressin ability, and guess the meaning f wrds accrding t the cntext, s as t cnslidate their knwledge and imprve their thinking, discriminatin and expressin ability. Cultivate students' lgical thinking ability. While learning abut British histry, we can braden ur hrizns, deepen ur understanding f ur wn culture, enhance ur natinal pride and cultivate crss-cultural cmmunicatin skills.
学习目标
与
核心素养
1. Understand and master the imprtant wrds and phrases in English histry and culture,such as slve this puzzle, be jined t, break away frm, be referred t as, belng t, military defense. Legal system, be runded by, etc.
2. Learn sme reading skills, such as predicting text cntent accrding t pictures, titles and maps.
3. Find sme useful infrmatin by reading the text.
4. Be able t explain histrical events in chrnlgical rder, imprve lgical thinking ability, and sum up the benefits f learning English histry.
5. Students can cmplete the timeline and mind map and repeat the text.
6. Students retell the text after cmpleting the timeline and mind map.
7. Understand British histry, get detailed infrmatin, deepen the understanding f Chinese and freign culture and enhance natinal pride.
8. Have a basic understanding f Britain's rigin and unique culture, realize the great influence f histrical events n a cuntry, and then summarize the three benefits f understanding British histry.
学习重点
1. Understand and master the imprtant vcabulary and sentence patterns f this class.
2. Learn sme reading skills, such as predicting text cntent accrding t pictures, titles and maps.
3. Students retell the text after cmpleting the timeline and mind map.
学习难点
Students retell the text after cmpleting the timeline and mind map.
一、重点单词及短语
1. puzzle n.迷；智力游戏；疑问 vt.使困惑
2. surrund vt. 围绕；包围
3. battle n.战役；搏斗 vi.&vt.搏斗;奋斗
4. defence n.防御；保卫→defend v.防卫；保卫
5. legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.非法的；不合法的
6. evidence n.证据；证明→evident adj.有证据的
7. achievement n.成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到
8. 把连接或连接起来
9. break away（frm sb.sth.）脱离；背叛；逃脱
10. be referred t as被称作
11. belng t 属于（某人）
二、重要语言点
1.Getting t knw a little bit abut British histry will help yu slve this puzzle.了解一点英国历史将有助于你解决这个难题。
puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑
in a puzzle 感到困惑；不解之谜 ; 疑问
例句：He wre a puzzled lk n his face.
他脸上流露出迷惑不解的神情。
例句：My sister puzzles me and makes me anxius.
我妹妹总让我捉摸不透，弄得我焦虑不安。
单句语法填空
①The fireman were in a puzzle（感到困惑）abut the cause f the fire.
②Hw t deal with the prblem puzzled（使困惑）us.
2.In the 16th century, the nearby cuntry f Wales was jined t the Kingdm f England. 十六世纪，邻国威尔士人英格兰王国。
把和……连接或连接起来
例句：Every individual r grup is Jined t the wrld by the Internet.
每一个人或团体都通过互联网与世界相连。
词语积累：
jin in参加；加入
jin sb. in ding sth和某人一起做某事
单句语法填空
①The island is jined t（把和……连接或连接起来）the mainland by a bridge.
②I think I'll jin in（参加）参加n the bat cmpetitins.
3.the suthern part f Ireland brke away frm the UK,which resulted in the full name we have tday...
……爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称……
该主从复合句中，which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代一整句话的意思。该定语从句中，we have tday同样是定语从句，修饰先行词name。
break away (frm sb. /sth.）脱离；背叛；逃脱
The teenager brke away frm the vlunteer and ran away.
这名少年从志愿者手中挣脱逃跑了。
词语积累
break ff 中断；折断 break thrugh突破
break ut突然发生，爆发 break up破碎；分解；解散;（关系）破裂
break in破门而入；打断，插嘴 break int破门而入；实..来
break dwn（机器等）出故障，坏掉；分散：失败
根据中文含义填空。
①Anna tried t break away（挣脱）but he held her tight.
②The suthern states wanted t break away frm（脱离）the unin s a war brke ut.
UK is als ften referred t as Britain r Great Britain...
联合王国也经常被称为英国或大不列颠。
refer t... as... 把……称为……
(1) refer t提到，谈到；涉及，关于；参考，查阅
He referred t a recent trip t Canada in his lecture.他在讲话中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。
词语积累
“把看作称为”的表达方式还有：
think lk
(2) 把……提交，把归功于……；把称作……
Sme peple refer all the trubles t bad luck instead f lack f ability.
有些人把自己所有的苦恼都归咎于运气不佳，而不认为是缺乏能力。
单句语法填空
①The terrible accident resulted as careless driving.
②Wh d yu think the teacher is referring t?
5.The fur cuntries that belng t the Unit Kingdm wrk tgether in sme areas.同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。
belng t
(1）属于（某人）
例句：The prperty shuld belng t me f right.按照法律这笔财产应当属于我。
(2）是（俱乐部、组织等）的成员
例句：We belng t the new club. 我们是这个新俱乐部的成员。
(3）是（某族类或纲目）的一部分，属于
例句：Lins belng t the cat family. 狮属于猫科。
完成句子
①Prfessr Williams keeps telling his students that the future belng t（属于） the well-educated.
②他们参加同一个象棋俱乐部。
They belng t the same chess class.
6.They use the same flag,knwn as the Unin Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，它们也使用同面国旗。
defence n.防御；保卫
in defence (f）保护；为了保卫;（为辩护）
词语搭配：in ne's defence为某人辩护 cme t ne's defence出来保护某人
例句：Attack is said t be the best frm f defence.
据说进攻是防御的最好方式。
单句语法填空
①The tw walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks.
②Tw rescues wrkers came t his defence(defend) when the accident happened.
have different educatin systems and legal systems...
实行不同的教育和法律制度。
legal adj.法律的，合法的 legal rights 合法权利
legal dcuments法律文件 the legal prfessin/system法律专业/体系
ver the legal limit超过法律允许范围 legal adviser法律顾问
词语积累
illegal adj.非法的，违法的
根据中文意思填空。
①We'll lk at the prblem frm a strictly legal（法律的）pint f view.
②He explained the legal rights（合法权利）f the peple at length.
will be surrunded by evidence f fur different grups f peple...
……你都会被四个不同群体的遗迹所包围
surrund v.围绕；包围
用包围
搭配
be surrunded by/with...被包围/环绕
surrund neself with 在一起；与为伍
语法填空
①They have surrunded(surrund)the flat with the plice.
②The small island with beautiful sight is surrunded by/with（被包围/环绕） the sea.
evidence n.证据，证明
搭配：There is evidence that...有证据表明
give evidence（出庭）作证
clear/strng evidence明显的/充分的证据
medical/scientific evidence医学/科学证据
单句语法填空
1.Enugh evidence (evident) shws that a balanced diet helps t avid being verweight.
2.D yu have evidence that this treatment wrks?
9.Sme f their great achievements included building twns and rads.
罗马人的伟大成就在于他们建立了城镇、修建了道路。
achievement n.成就：成绩：功绩；达到，完成
词语搭配：
make an achievement取得成就
a sense f achievement成就感
词语积累：
achieve n.实现；取得，达到
achieve nes gal/dream达到目标/实现梦想
achieve success/victry/standard获得成功获得胜利/达到标准
完成句子
In the past few years,China has made great achievements（取得巨大成就）in envirnmental prtectin.
behind lts f new vcabulary, and als the names f many lcatins acrss the UK. ……留下了诸多新的词汇，并给英国境内的许多地方命名。
lcatin n.地方；地点；位置
the exact/precise lcatin确切位置
词语积累
(1) lcate v. 坐落于；位于；的位置
(2) lcated adj.处于；位于；坐落在
be lcated in... 位于……
根据中文意思填空。
①It has taken until nw t pin dwn its exact lcatin（位置）.
②The cuntry is lcated in（位于……）the nrthern part f Eurpe.
11.They cnquered England after the well-knwn Battle f Hastings
in the 11th century.十世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役之后，诺曼人征服了英格兰。
battle
(1)n. 战役；搏斗
a lng lengthy battle旷日持久的斗争 fight 打……的仗
win /lse battle打赢/输掉一场仗 accept the battle应战
(2）以正义搏斗；奋斗
battle against/with 战斗
搭配
battle fr为而战，为而奋斗
根据中文意思填空。
①This battle（斗争）is between yu and me.
②We've gt t win this battle（打赢一场仗）in the mind field.
12.S what is the difference between them, if any?
那么，如果这些名称有区别的话，区别何在？
句式分析
该句中if any是省略句，其完整形式为if there is any difference.
if any 如果有的话
根据中文意思填空
①Please let me knw hw many are cming, if any（如果有的话）?
②What ne quality, if any（如果有的话；假如有的话）, d yu like the mst abut yur partner?
13.There is s much mre t learn abut the interesting histry and culture f the United Kingdm.英国的历史文化引人入胜，可学之处比比皆是。
句式分析
there is s much mre t learn... 是there 结构。
There be+主语+非谓语动词.
There are many cases lying in the crner f the rm.房间的角落里有许多箱子。
归纳拓展
There be+主语+t d.（表示动作尚未发生）
There be+主语+ding.（表示主动和进行）
There be+主语+ dne.（表示被动或完成）
单句语法填空
1.There are still millins f peple suffering (suffer) frm hunger nwadays.
2. There will be sme vlunteer t help (help) in remte areas.
Fill in the mind map.
一、语法填空
1.The spelling f English is ften_______(puzzle).
2.D yu knw hw many f them jined_______the research prject?
3.The Unin first cnsisted f several cuntries, brke away _______it later
Because f cnflicts.
4.He has a preference fr literature as result________the influence frm his mther.
5.Yu shuld refer this matter________the head ffice fr a decisin.
二、任务型阅读
Table Manners
We all like t think we have gd table manners, but what yu cnsider prper table manners may actually be cnsidered rude in anther cuntry! Let's explre sme strange table manners arund the wrld.
Mst peple believe that it is bad manners t slurp（出声地吃或喝）r hld yur sup bwl up t yur muth. ________ Slurping in Japan is an indicatin that the fd is gd. Therefre, in Japan, slurping is cnsidered plite.
________ In sme cultures, finishing all the fd n yur plate is a sign that yur hst did nt prvide yu with enugh fd. Filipins, Kreans and Thais will all think like this. In many cases yur hst will cntinue t serve yu each time yu clear yur plate. Fr Japanese peple, hwever, finishing all the fd n ne's plate is a sign t the hst that the meal is delicius and that yu appreciate the meal.
________ This is a belief in many Asian cuntries, including Thailand, Japan and China. It's cnsidered tab（禁忌） because during funerals（丧礼）, bwls f rice with chpsticks sticking in them are ffered t the dead.
Dn't cut yur salad with a knife in France. Prper etiquette（礼节）in France when eating a salad t fld the salad leaves nt yur frk if they are t big t put in yur muth. Yu shuld never cut yur salad with a knife. ________
Pay attentin t frks. Have yu ever been t a fancy western restaurant, nt sure which frk t use?
________ In Thai culture the prper way t enjy Thai fd is with a spn in yur right hand and a frk in yur left. Sme cuntries dn't even use frks but rather eat with their hands, like India, Nepal and Pakistan.
A. That isn't true in Japan.
B. It's the ne furthest frm yur plate.
C. Yu must finish the fd n yur plate.
D. Shuld yu finish all the fd n yur plate?
E. Yu may use yur frk t eat smething like fruit.
F. Never leave yur chpsticks sticking in a bwl f rice.
G. This rule is taught t many French children frm an early age.
三、阅读理解
In many cuntries f the wrld, peple can cnfidently tell yu the meaning f their twn r city, but mst peple wh live in Manchester, Oxfrd r Birmingham wuld nt be able t explain what the name f their city means. The name f every British twn r city, hwever, has a lng histry.
Tw thusand years ag, mst peple living in Britain were Celts. Even the wrd "Britain" is Celtic（凯尔特语）. Then the Rmans arrived and built camps which became cities called "castr". This is why there are s many place names in England which end in "-chester" r "-caster", Manchester, fr example.
The Rmans never reached Wales r Sctland, and many place names there are Celtic. Fr example, Welsh place names that begin with "Llan" cme frm the Celtic wrd fr "church".
After the Rmans left Britain, it was attacked by the Angl-Saxns wh were frm the area f Eurpe that is nw Germany and Hlland. The names f their villages ften end in "- ham" r "- tn". Sme get their names frm the leader f the village. Birmingham fr example, means "Bermund's village"
The Angl-Saxns were farmers and the landscape was very imprtant t them, s we have villages called Uptn (village n a hill)—a gd place t build a village and Mretn ("village by a lake") where flds culd make life hard. Place names that end in "- frd" (a place where yu culd crss a river) als describe the lcatin f Angl-Saxn villages.
Finally, in 1066 England became Nrman—the Nrmans gave us the place name "grange", which means farm.
And hw abut Lndn? Experts cannt agree. The Rmans called the city Lndinium, but they were nt the first inhabitants（居民）. Peple nce believed that the United Kingdm's capital city gt its name frm the castle f a King called Lud, but this is very unlikely. Our best guess tday is that the name cmes frm a Celtic wrd meaning a fast-flwing river. Like a number f British place names, its histry is lst in time.
（1）Accrding t the article, Stratfrd is mst likely a twn .
A.n a hill
B.near a castle
C.beside a river
D.with a church
（2）Which f the fllwing shws the crrect rder f the arrival f the inhabitants in Britain?
A.The Celts—The Rmans—The Nrmans—The Angl-Saxns.
B.The Celts—The Rmans—The Angl-Saxns—The Nrmans.
C.The Rmans—The Celts—The Angl-Saxns—The Nrmans.
D.The Rmans—The Angl-Saxns—The Celts—The Nrmans.
（3）What des Lndn mean in Celtic?
A.River.
B.Lndinium.
C.Lud.
D.Castle.
答案解析部分
一、语法填空
1.【答案】puzzling
2.【答案】in
3.【答案】frm
4.【答案】f
5.【答案】t
二、任务型阅读
1.【答案】 A；D；F；G；B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地的一些奇怪的餐桌礼仪。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Mst peple believe that it is bad manners t slurp r hld yur sup bwl up t yur muth”很多人认为出声喝汤是坏习惯；以及空后“Slurping in Japan is an indicatin that the fd is gd. Therefre, in Japan, slurping is cnsidered plite.”在日本出声喝汤是在表示食物的味道好。因此，在日本这样做是礼貌的行为。A项可以承上启下，说明日本的情况与前面所说国家的情况不同。故选A。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。第三段说的是在有些国家，吃光盘子里的食物意味着没吃饱，而在另一些国家这样做则表示你用餐完毕，并且对食物很满意。故本段主要讨论的是是否要吃光自己盘子里的食物。故选D。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“This is a belief in many Asian cuntries, including Thailand, Japan and China.”可知在很多亚洲国家自己用的筷子插在米饭上是一种禁忌。所以F. Never leave yur chpsticks sticking in a bwl f rice“永远不要把筷子插在米饭里”符合语境。故选F。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Yu shuld never cut yur salad with a knife”你不应该用刀切沙拉，可知主要说的是在法国不要用刀子切沙拉。G选项中的This rule指不用刀切沙拉这条规则。即很多法国的孩子很小就学了这个礼仪。故选G。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Have yu ever been t a fancy western restaurant, nt sure which frk t use?”你是否有过去一家高档的西餐厅用餐却不知道该用哪把叉子的经历？可知是在询问是不是不知道用哪个叉子，故下文应当回答用哪个叉子。所以选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、阅读理解
2.【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国一些城市名称的含义及由来。
（1）考察推理判断。根据第五段中的“Place names that end in -frd" (a place where yu culd crss a river) als describe the lcatin f Angl-Saxn villages. ”可知以－frd结尾的名字是和河流有关的。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Tw thusand years ag, mst peple living in Britain were Celts.”可知The Celts为第一批到达英国的居民；“Then the Rmans arrived”可知The Rmans为第二批；第四段中的“After the Rmans left Britain, it was attacked by the Angl-Sacns wh were frm the area f Eurpe that is nw Germany and Hlland.”可知The Angl-Saxns为第三批；以及倒数第二段中的“Finally, in 1066 England became Nrman ”可知The Nrmans为最后一批。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“句Our best guess tday is that the name cmes frm a Celtic wrd meaning a fast-flwing river.”可知伦教这个名字来自凯尔特语，意思是一条湍急的河流。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
学生姓名
班级
序号
课题内容
Unit 4 The Histry and Traditins Perid 2 Reading and Thinking
教材分析
The theme f this unit is British histry and traditins. It aims t help readers understand the tw benefits f studying British histry and the imprtance f understanding the histry f a cuntry.
This article mainly intrduces the analysis f British histry, gegraphy and culture, and tries t explain the imprtance f a cuntry's histry t understanding a cuntry. The text begins with a puzzle: Why are there s many names in Britain and what's the differences between them? Use this questin in the text t stimulate the curisity f readers and find the answer in the text. The first, secnd and third paragraphs f the main text briefly describe the histry f the UK, explain the rigin f different cuntry names in the UK and describe the frmatin prcess f their full names. And the similarities and differences f the fur cuntries in sme areas. Then, it intrduces the psitive influences f the fur invading grups n British sciety and culture in different histrical perids, such as gvernment, twns, rad, language, fd and s n. The furth paragraph describes Lndn and its lng histry. It tells readers that understanding the histry f Britain can help us better understand the cuntry and its traditin. The fifth paragraph pints ut that learning abut British histry can make ur trip t Britain mre enjyable and interesting. The first fur paragraphs f the text intrduce that studying British histry can help us t better understand Britain and its traditin. The fifth paragraph f the main text emphasizes the imprtance f knwing the histry and culture f this cuntry befre learning abut it. In terms f reading strategies, students shuld fcus n predicting, skimming and scanning Making a timeline, etc., which can accurately grasp the subject infrmatin f the text.In ther wrds, knwing the histry f the UK can make ur trip t the UK mre enjyable and interesting.
This curse helps students understand English histry, imprve their basic knwledge and skills f using English, imprve their reading and expressin ability, and guess the meaning f wrds accrding t the cntext, s as t cnslidate their knwledge and imprve their thinking, discriminatin and expressin ability. Cultivate students' lgical thinking ability. While learning abut British histry, we can braden ur hrizns, deepen ur understanding f ur wn culture, enhance ur natinal pride and cultivate crss-cultural cmmunicatin skills.
学习目标
与
核心素养
1. Understand and master the imprtant wrds and phrases in English histry and culture,such as slve this puzzle, be jined t, break away frm, be referred t as, belng t, military defense. Legal system, be runded by, etc.
2. Learn sme reading skills, such as predicting text cntent accrding t pictures, titles and maps.
3. Find sme useful infrmatin by reading the text.
4. Be able t explain histrical events in chrnlgical rder, imprve lgical thinking ability, and sum up the benefits f learning English histry.
5. Students can cmplete the timeline and mind map and repeat the text.
6. Students retell the text after cmpleting the timeline and mind map.
7. Understand British histry, get detailed infrmatin, deepen the understanding f Chinese and freign culture and enhance natinal pride.
8. Have a basic understanding f Britain's rigin and unique culture, realize the great influence f histrical events n a cuntry, and then summarize the three benefits f understanding British histry.
学习重点
1. Understand and master the imprtant vcabulary and sentence patterns f this class.
2. Learn sme reading skills, such as predicting text cntent accrding t pictures, titles and maps.
3. Students retell the text after cmpleting the timeline and mind map.
学习难点
Students retell the text after cmpleting the timeline and mind map.
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