Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science. 课时1 Section A-八年级英语上册同步精品讲义（人教版）

Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.
目标导航

Words
1. _______________计算机程序设计员；编程人员
2. _______________n. 厨师 v. 烹饪；煮
3. _______________n. 医生
4. _______________n. 工程师
5. _______________n. 小提琴手
6. _______________n. 驾驶员；司机
7. _______________n. 飞行员
8. _______________n. 钢琴家
9. _______________n. 科学家
10. _______________n. 学院；大学；高等专科学校
11. _______________n. 教育
12. _______________n. 药；医学
13. _______________n. (综合性)大学；高等学府
14. _______________伦敦
15. _______________n. 文章；论文
16. _______________v. 邮寄；发送
17. _______________ n. 决心；决定
18. _______________ n. 队；组
19. _______________ adj. 外国的
20. _______________ adj. 能够
21. _______________ n. 承诺；诺言 v. 许诺；承诺
22. _______________ n. 开头；开端
23. _______________ v. 改进；改善
24. _______________ v. 用颜料画，在……刷油漆
25. _______________ adj. & adv. 每周的(地)
26. _______________ n. 学校作业；功课
27. _______________ v. 表示疑问；怀疑；提问；质询
28. _______________ n. 意义；意思
29. _______________ v. 讨论；商量
30. _______________ adj. & pron. 自己的；本人的
31. _______________ adj. 个人的；私人的
32. _______________ n. 关系；联系
Phrases
1.________________长大；成熟；成长
2.________________确信；对……有把握
3.________________确保；查明
4. _______________成为足球队的一员
5. _______________能够做某事
6. _______________在……开始
7. _______________写下；记录下
8.________________下决心
9.________________ 取得好成绩
10.________________ 外语
11.________________上钢琴课
12.________________关于；与……有关系
13.________________做承诺
14.________________ (尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做
15.________________有一些共同之处
16.________________太……以至不能……
17.________________ 同意；赞成
Sentences
1. —What do you want to be when you grow up? 你长大后打算干什么？
—I want to be a basketball player. 我想当一名篮球运动员。
2. —How are you going to do that? 那你打算怎么做呢？
—I’m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天练习打篮球。
3.—Where are you going to work? 你准备去哪里工作？
—I’m going to move to Shanghai. 我准备搬到上海。
4. Resolutions are promises to yourself. 决心就是对自己的承诺。
5. They may help to make you a better person and to make your life easier. 他们将会帮助你使你更完美，使你的生活更容易。
Grammar
be going to的用法
【答案】
words：
1. computer programmer 2. cook 3. doctor 4. engineer 5. violinist 6. driver
7. pilot 8. pianist 9. scientist 10. college 11. education 12. medicine
13. university 14. London 15. article 16. send 17. resolution 18. team
19. foreign 20. able 21. promise 22. beginning 23. improve 24. paint
25. weekly 26. schoolwork 27. question 28. meaning 29. discuss
30. own 31. personal 32. relationship

Phrases：
1. grow up 2. be sure about 3. make sure 4. make the soccer team 5. be able to
6. at the beginning of 7. write down 8. make a resolution 9. get good grades 10. foreign language 11. take piano lessons 12. have to do with 13. make promises
14. take up 15. have something in common 16. too…to… 17. agree with

Section A
知识精讲

1. What do you want to be when you grow up？ 当你长大以后，你想要成为什么？
（1）when是连词，意为＂当……的时候＂，引导时间状语从句。when作连词时，如果主句是过去时，从句也要用过去时；如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时，即＂主将从现＂。
I was short when I was 13. 我13岁的时候个子很矮。
I’ll visit you when I come back. 我回来时会去拜访你。

1．（2020·黑龙江中考真题）—No one can tell when they ________.
—When they ________, I’ll let you know at once.
A．return; will arrive B．will return; reach C．will return; arrive
1．C【详解】句意：——没人知道他们将在什么时候回来。——当他们到了，我会马上告诉你的。
考查宾语从句时态和动词辨析。return返回，回来；will return将要返回，将要回来；will arrive将要到达；reach及物动词，到达；arrive不及物动词，到达。根据第一句中“No one can tell when they”可知，此处是when引导的宾语从句，第一空使用will return，表示“没人知道他们将在什么时候回来”；第二空后面没有具体的地点，所以此处只能使用不及物动词arrive。故选C。
2．（2018·黑龙江鹤岗市·中考真题）---Do you know when Mrs. White for dinner this evening?
---No, but I think she when she is free.
A．will come; will come B．will come; comes C．comes; will come
2．A
【详解】句意：--你知道怀特太太今晚什么时候来吃饭吗？---不，但是我想她有空的时候会来的。考查宾语从句的时态。主句是一般现在时，从句时态由从句的时间状语决定。根据this evening（今晚）将来的时间状语可知宾语从句时态是一般将来时。第二句时间状语是when引导的时间状语从句， when时间状语从句时态是一般现在时，主句表达的是将要发生的动作，主句时态用一般将来时。结合句意可知填will come; will come；选A。
（2）grow up 意为＂长大；成熟；成长＂ 是动词短语，相当于不及物动词，其后不跟宾语。
What does John want to be when he grows up? 当约翰长大了，他想成为什么？
【知识拓展】
（1）grow 的用法如下：
v. 种植；使生长，为及物动词。
v. 生长；发育；长大，为不及物动词。
v. 变得，作连系动词，后面跟形容词。
She grows roses in the greenhouse. 她在温室里栽培玫瑰花。
The watermelons grow well in warm dry climate. 温暖干燥的气候适合西瓜生长。
He is growing stronger and stronger. 他长得越来越壮。
（2）up的相关短语：
get up 起床 pick up 采摘
give up放弃 dress up 装扮

Li Lei became a famous singer when he _________________.
A. stayed up B. grew up
C. got up D. stood up
【答案】B
【解析】stay up 熬夜；grow up长大；get up起床；stand up 起立。句意：李明长大后成了一位著名的歌唱家。故选B。
2. How are you going to do that？你打算如何做到？
be going to表示将要发生的动作，含有＂计划， 打算＂的意思， 后跟动词原形，其中be动词要与主语的人称和数一致，常跟表将来的时间连用。
He’s going to visit Australia next week. 他打算下周去参观澳大利亚。
【知识拓展】
come、go、leave、arrive、fly等表示位置转移的动词，常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。
Miss Yang is coming tonight. 杨老师今晚要来。
I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天要去北京。

I _________________ the shops. Can I get you anything?
A. go to　　　　B. went to C. have gone to D. am going to
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我要去商店，我能给你买些东西吗？现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。
3. The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway. 海明威的《老人与海》。
by作介词，此处意为“由……创作/编著/导演/作曲等”。
I read a short story by Lu Xun. 我读了鲁迅的一部短篇小说。
He likes listening to the music by Mozart. 他喜欢听莫扎特的乐曲。
4. Well, I’m going to keep on writing stories, of course. 哦，当然我会继续写故事。
keep on doing sth表示经过一段时间的间隙后＂继续做同一件事＂，后可接表动态的词，如walk、write、talk 等。还暗指不顾困难、反对、警告而＂坚持＂做某事。
They kept on working in the fields, though it was raining. 虽然天正在下雨，他们还是继续在田里干活。
【易混辨析】 keep on doing/ keep doing
keep on doing
表示动作的反复
This old man kept on coming to offer us hot water.
这位老人不断地给我们送热水。
keep doing
表示动作或状态的持续
He kept standing there for an hour without moving.
他在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。
【知识拓展】
（1）keep sb（sth） doing sth让某人（物） 不断做某事
The boss kept the workers working all day. 老板让工人们整天不断地工作。
（2）keep sb/sthfrom doing sth表示 ＂阻止某人/物做某事＂。
Be careful! Keep the glass from dropping onto the floor. 当心！防止玻璃杯掉到地板上。

We should keep on _________________ English every day.
A. to practice to speak B. to practice speaking
C. practicing to speak D. practicing speaking
【答案】D
【解析】keep on后接动词的-ing形式， practice后也接动词的-ing形式，所以选D。
5. be sure about/of 确信,对……有把握
后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断，主语必须是人。
I am really sure about it. 对于这件事我确实有把握。
I think I can win the match. I am sure of/about it. 我认为我能赢这场比赛。我对此有把握。
【知识拓展】
（1）be sure to do sth.务必做某事；确信做某事。
I’m sure to go with you. 我确信和你一起去。
（2）be sure＋that 从句，表示＂肯定；确信＂，许多时候可与＂be sure to do sth.＂替换。
I’m sure that I can run much faster.
＝I’m sure to run much faster.
我肯定能跑得快多了。

我希望你能肯定你说的都是事实。
I hope you _________________ _________________ _________________ your facts.
【答案】are sure of/about
6. make sure 确保，查明
常用于祈使句中，后面常接that（可省略）引导的宾语从句（从句不使用将来时）或of＋名词（词组）/代词，意为＂确保＂。
Make sure (that) you lock the door when you leave. 当你离开时确保锁上门。
They scored another goal and made sure of the victory. 他们又进了一个球，这就赢定了。
【知识拓展】
make sure to do sth 务必/确保去做某事
make sure of sth 查明某事，弄清某事

Please check your paper to _________________ there are no mistakes.
A. think of　　　　　　 B. try out C. find out D. make sure
【答案】D
【解析】think of想起，考虑；try out试用，试验；find out查明；make sure确保。句意：请检查你的试卷，确保没有错误。　
7. college n. 学院；大学；高等专科学校
go to college/university上大学
If you want to go to college, you must work hard. 要是你想上大学，就得好好学习。
【易混辨析】 college / university
college
指＂学院，大学＂，一般指综合大学内部的学院。它也可指独立的学院。
She studies in a college of foreign languages. 她在一所外语学院学习。
university
意为＂大学＂，通常指由多个学院 (college) 组成的综合性大学。
Both their children are at university. 他们的两个孩子都在上大学。
8. We’re going to take singing lessons.
take singing lessons上视唱课。take ... lessons 意为＂上……课＂。take后接动词的-ing形式。take ... lessons相当于have... lessons。
I’m taking French lessons. 我在上法语课。
【注意】
give sb. a lesson表示＂给某人一个教训＂。

他们正在上表演课。
They are ______ ______ ______.
【答案】taking acting lessons
9. education n. 教育
education为不可数名词，没有复数形式。但当有形容词修饰时，其前可用不定冠词。
a good education 良好的教育
I had twelve years of education. 我受过12年的教育。
【知识拓展】
educate v. 教育，培养
educational adj. 教育的；有教育意义的，作表语或定语。
10. medicine n. 药；医学
medicine为不可数名词。吃药的＂吃＂可用take。
A person who wants to become a doctor has to study medicine. 一个想当医生的人得学习医学。
I want some medicine for cold. 我想要一些治疗感冒的药。
【知识拓展】
medicine n. 药 → medical adj. 医学的 → medically adv. 医学地
固定搭配：take one’s (some/the) medicine吃药
【易混辨析】 medicine / pill
medicine
＂药＂，为不可数名词
Please remind her to take the medicine on time.
请提醒她按时吃药。
university
为可数名词，表示＂药丸＂
I had three pills for lunch.
午饭时我吃了三个药丸。

You are ill. You should _________________ the medicine on time.
A. eat B. take C. has D. having
【答案】B
【解析】should是情态动词，后面接动词原形。＂吃药＂应用动词take。
11. send v. 邮寄；发送
send sb sth/send sth to sb 把某物寄送给某人
send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事
Please send me some pictures of Beijing. 请寄给我几张北京的图片。
I’ll send you a book.
=I’ll send a book to you. 我将寄给你一本书。
She sent me to pick up her son last week. 她上周派我去接她儿子。
【知识拓展】
send for 派人去请 send up 发射 (火箭、卫星、飞船等)
send away 开除，送出，解雇 send off 寄出

He sent me a postcard last week. (改为同义句)
He _________________ a postcard _________________ me last week.
【答案】sent；to
能力拓展

一、根据语境及括号内所给单词的提示填空。
1．John and Jack are my uncle's friends and they're both ________(engineer).
2．When the light turned red, that ________(drive) stopped his car.
3．—What do you want to be?
—I want to be an excellent ________(violin) like Mr. Smith.
4．There are some photos of famous ________(science) on the wall.
5．Franz Liszt was a great ________(piano) in Hungary.
二、完成句子
6．你必须确保你的答案是正确的。
You must ________ _________ your answer is right.
7．我在厨房学会了做饭，现在我能做许多不同的菜。
I ____ ____ ____ ____ in the kitchen and I can cook many different dishes now.
8．你可能是对的。我对答案不确定。
You may be right. I ________ ________ ________ about the answer.
9．我喜欢听老人倾诉并照顾他们，因为我们总有一天也会变老。
I like ________ old people and caring for them because we are also going ________ old one day, too.
10．当她妈妈出去的时候, 谁照顾这个婴儿?
Who′s going to ________ ________ ________ the baby while her mother is away?
根据汉语意思完成下列句子
11．“你长大了想干什么?”“我想当一名计算机程序设计员。”
-What do you _____________ _____________ _____________ when you _____________ _____________ ?
-I want to be _____________ _____________ _____________ .
12．你打算怎样成为一名作家?
How _____________ you _____________ _____________ _____________ a writer?
13．我打算坚持写故事。
I'm going to _____________ _____________ _____________ stories.
14．我对那件事没有把握。
I'm not _____________ _____________ that.
15．确保你尽了最大努力。
Make sure you _____________ _____________ _____________ .
三、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
grow up；make sure；try one's best； be good at；keep on
16．Don't worry.I'll _____ to help you.
17．I am going to be a doctor when I _____.
18．—I'm leaving now.
—_____ you turn off the lights and the computer.
19．“Please ____ discussing this math question after class，” Mr.Li said.
20．Jane _____ English and she did well in the English exam.
一、1．engineers
2．driver
3．violinist
4．scientists
5．pianist
二、6．make sure
7．learned how to cook
8．am not sure
9．listening to to be
10．take care of
11． want to be grow up a computer programmer
12． are going to become
13． keep on writing
14． sure about
15． try your best
三、16．try my best
17．grow up
18．Make sure
19．keep on
20．was good at
分层提分


题组A 基础过关练
四、单项选择
21．—Do you know the name of the costume ?
—Sorry , I’m not sure ________ it .
A．to B．about C．that D．at
22．We are going to _________ a food festival to _________ money for the children in poor areas.
A．hold; give B．have; give C．hod; raise D．make; raise
23．Not only you but also Peter _______ going to climb the hill next Sunday.
A．are B．is C．were D．was
24．There _______ an English party in our class next week.
A．is going to have B．is going to be C．will have D．have
25．Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to ________ there are no mistakes.
A．make sure B．find out C．think of D．work out
26．It's not good to ________ food. Let's take the dumplings away.
A．cook B．waste C．finish D．provide
27．I _________ the shops. May I get you something?
A．go to B．went to C．am going to D．have gone to
28．-__________is your father?
-He's an engineer in a big factory.
A．Who B．What
C．Which D．Where
29．CoCo Lee was born in Hong Kong but__________ in America.
A．picked up B．gave up
C．grew up D．dressed up
30．Danny usually _____________ breakfast at seven o’clock in the morning. But tomorrow he ___________ breakfast at half past six.
A．has; is going to have B．has; have
C．is having; has D．have; is having
21．B【详解】句意：——你知道服装的名字吗?——对不起，我不太确定。考查介词短语，to朝；about大约，关于；that那个；at在。固定短语：be sure to do sth“一定会做某事；务必做某事”和be sure about sth“对某事很确定”，根据“Sorry”可知应该是不确定，故选B。
22．C【详解】句意：我们准备举办美食节为贫困地区的孩子们筹款。。考查动词辨析。hold举行；give给；have举行；raise筹集；make制造；have/hold/ a food festival举办美食节；raise money for…为……筹款，固定短语；根据“We are going to…a food festival to…money for the children in poor areas.”及选项可知，我们准备举办美食节为贫困地区的孩子们筹款。故选C。
23．B【详解】句意：不但你而且彼得下周日也要去爬山了。考查主谓一致。not only…but also连接主语时，遵循就近原则，最近的主语Peter是单数，be动词用第三人称单数，根据时间状语next Sunday可知用一般将来时，be going to中的be动词用is。故选B。
24．B【详解】句意：下周我们班打算举行一次英语聚会。考查There be句型的时态和动词辨析。英语中将来时的结构是“will+动词原形”或“be going to+动词原形”，而句首是There，所以此处是There be句型，不能与表示拥有的have连用，所以排除A/ C/ D选项，故选B。
25．A【详解】句意：李明如此认真以至于他总是为了确保练习没有错，检查他的练习。考查动词短语。make sure确保；find out查明；think of想起；work out解决。根据“he always looks over his exercises”以及“there are no mistakes”可知，他总是检查他的练习，是为了确保练习里没有错，故选A。
26．B【详解】句意：浪费食物是不好的。我们把饺子打包吧。考查动词辨析。cook烹饪；waste浪费；finish结束；provide提供。根据“Let's take the dumplings away.”可知，把饺子打包，所以是不要浪费，故选B。
27．C【详解】句意：我要去商店。我能给你带点什么吗？考查一般将来时。根据后句可知，前句描述的是将来计划、打算进行的动作，因此需用一般将来时。故选C。
28．B【解析】试题分析：句意：－你的父亲是做什么的？－他是一家大工厂的工程师。A. Who谁，指人；B. What什么，问职业、事物等等；C. Which哪一个，向指示代词及名词的定语提问；D. Where在哪儿，问地点。本题询问的是职业，用what提问，故选B。
考点： 考查特殊疑问句。
29．C【解析】试题分析：句意:Coco Lee出生在香港，但是长在美国。pick up 拾起，捡起；give up放弃；grow up长大；dress up盛装打扮。根据句意可知选C。
30．A【解析】句意：丹尼通常在早上七点吃早饭。但是明天他将在六点半吃早饭。根据usually判断，经常性的动作要用一般现在时态，主语Danny是第三人称单数，have要用其三单形式has，排除C,D；第二个句子根据tomorrow判断，句子的时态为一般将来时，故答案为A。
题组B 能力提升练
五、完型填空
A lot of students are having all kinds of sports on the sports field. A football game is going on right now 31 Class 3 and Class 4. We don’t know which team will 32 . Look at those people over there! Some students of Class 1 are practicing the 33 jump. One of them is the best high jumper in the school. He practices hard every day. Many people think he will 34 the school record (记录) in the sports meet next spring. Not far away from them, some girls are preparing for a race. They 35 have a 600-meter race in ten minutes. Now on the corner of the field, you can see another group (群) of students. Their teacher is telling them 36 to throw discus (铁饼).
In schools, 37 students love sports now. Sports help people to keep 38 . They also help people to live happily. And 39 doing sports on the sports field, many people will 40 good friends, too. Do you think so?
31．A．in B．between C．from D．of
32．A．win B．winning C．fall D．falling
33．A．long B．far C．high D．tall
34．A．break B．turn C．leave D．name
35．A．were B．going to C．were going to D．will
36．A．what B．how C．which D．that
37．A．much and much B．most and most
C．many and many D．more and more
38．A．health B．tired C．healthy D．happy
39．A．in B．before C．after D．over
40．A．become B．change C．get D．bring
六、阅读单选
A
Let us suppose (假设) it is now about A．D．2060. People go to the moon every day. It is as easy to take a holiday on the moon today as it was for the people in 1960 to take a holiday in Europe.
What are people eating now? People are still eating food. But many foods now come in pill (药丸) form. Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farm. People are now largely vegetarians (素食者) and we are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds, and we don't have any diseases (疾病). No one has to be ill any more.
41．The writer thinks in 2060 people can go to the moon _____.
A．every day B．every hour C．every minute D．every second
42．Now people are eating _____.
A．grass B．flowers C．food D．books
43．Many foods in 2060 come in _____ form.
A．water B．pill C．air D．trees
44．In 2060, _____ have to work on the farm.
A．no people B．no farmers C．many people D．very few people
45．No one has to be ill any more because _____.
A．there is much medicine B．there are few people
C．there are no diseases D．there are no doctors
B
I'm Larry. I'm really good at selling things. I also love helping people. But I'm not so good at solving problems. I think I'd like to be a salesman or a detective.
I'm Anita. I really like doing things with my hands. I also enjoy working with wood. I don't enjoy working in the same place every day, and I hate being in noisy places. I think I'd like to be an artist or a carpenter.
I'm Jill. I'm good at explaining things and I really like children. I can't stand working long hours. I think I'd like to be a doctor or a teacher.
I'm Maria. I'm really interested in meeting people, and I enjoy wearing different clothes every day. I'm not so good at organizing my time and I can't stand computers, I am going to be a model.
I'm Jim. I enjoy helping people, but I can't stand working nights and weekends. I want to be a social worker.
46．Larry wants to be ____________ .
A．a worker or a teacher B．a nurse or a doctor
C．a salesman or a detective D．a model or a carpenter
47．Anita doesn't enjoy working in ____________ .
A．the same place B．different places
C．noisy places D．A and C
48．____________ wants to be a teacher or a doctor.
A．Anita B．Jill C．Maria D．Jim
49．Maria likes ____________ .
A．meeting people B．wearing different clothes
C．working nights and weekends D．A and B
50．What does the underlined words “can't stand” mean in Chinese?
A．不能忍受 B．不能站立 C．不能坚持 D．不能适应
31．B32．A33．C34．A35．D
36．B37．D38．C39．C40．A
【分析】试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述了在操场上许多同学正在参加各种各样的体育活动，并告诉我们体育运动的好处。
31．考查介词辨析及语境理解。句意：三班与四班之间正在进行一场足球比赛。in在……里面；between在两者之间；from从，来自；of关于，……的。根据下文Class 3 and Class 4.可知此处指的是在三班和四班之间。故选B。
32．考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：我们不知道哪支队会赢。win获胜，赢得；fall落下，击倒。will是情态动词，后面动词用原形，依据句意，故答案选A。
33．考查形容词辨析及语境理解。句意：一班的一些学生正在练习跳高。long长的；far远的；high高的，一般指海拔高度；tall高的。下句提到其中一人是最好的跳高运动员。短语high jump跳高。故选C。
34．考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：很多人认为他会打破学校记录。break休息，打破；turn转弯；leave动身，离开；name命名，名字。联系前一句，可知很多人认为他会打破学校记录。故选A。
35．考查时态辨析及语境理解。句意：10分钟后，她们将参加600米接力赛。 此句是将来时态，助动词will后跟动词原形。故答案为D。
36．考查疑问词辨析及语境理解。句意：他们的老师正告诉他们如何掷铁饼。what什么；how如何；which哪一个；that那。结合语境可知此处指的是如何掷铁饼。故选B。
37．考查形容词比较级及语境理解。句意：在学校，现在越来越多的学生喜欢运动。两个比较级放在一起，表示越来越的意思。结合句意，答案为D。
38．考查形容词辨析及语境理解。句意：运动有助于人们保持健康。health健康，卫生；tired疲乏的，劳累的；healthy健康的；happy 高兴的。keep后面可以接形容词做宾语补足语，意思是使得……怎么样，故选C。
39．考查介词辨析及语境理解。句意：在运动场上运动之后。In在……里面；before在……之前；after在……之后；over在……上方。结合语境可知此处指的是，在运动场上运动之后，故选C。
40．考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：许多人也会成为好朋友。become成为，变得；change改变；get得到，到达；bring 带来。结合语境可知此处指的是，许多人也会成为好朋友。故选A。
41．A42．C43．B44．D45．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述在2060年人们的生活。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段“Let us suppose it is now about A.D.2060. People go to the moon every day”可知作者认为在2060年，人们每天去月球，故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段“People are still eating food”可知人们仍吃食物。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据第二段“But many foods now come in pill form”可知许多食物是以药丸的形式，故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段“Very few people have to work on the farm”可知在2060年，将有很少的人在农场上工作，故选D。
45．细节理解题。根据第二段“People are now largely vegetarians(素食者)and we are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds, and we don't have any diseases(疾病). No one has to be ill any more”可知在2060年，因为没有疾病，所以没有人生病，故选C。
46．C47．D48．B49．D50．A
【解析】短文大意：短文介绍了拉里等五个人不同的爱好、理想以及他们各自擅长的事情。
46．题意：拉里想成为一名推销员或侦探。
细节理解题。根据第一段I think I'd like to be a salesman or a detective.可知他想成为一名推销员或侦探，故选C。
47．题意：安妮塔不喜欢在_______工作。
细节理解题。根据第二段I don't enjoy working in the same place every day, and I hate being in noisy places.可知她不喜欢每天在同一个地方工作，也讨厌在嘈杂的地方工作。A. 同一个地方；C. 嘈杂的地方；AC两项符合题意，故选D。
48．题意：吉尔想成为一名教师或医生。
细节理解题。根据第三段I think I'd like to be a doctor or a teacher.可知吉尔想成为一名教师或医生，故选B。
49．题意：玛丽亚喜欢和人打交道，喜欢穿不同的衣服。
细节理解题。根据第四段I'm really interested in meeting people ,and I enjoy wearing different clothes every day.可知她对认识人很感兴趣，也喜欢每天穿不同的衣服。A. meeting people与人交往；B. wearing different clothes穿不同的衣服；AB两项符合题意，故选D。
50．题意：下划线的单词“can't stand”在汉语中是什么意思?
词义猜测题。根据下文working nights and weekends（晚上和周末工作）可知“不能忍受”符合句意，故选A。
题组C 培优拔尖练
完型填空
（2019·江苏南通市·中考真题）
Thank you very much. Thank you!
Thank you for Principal Xu, all the teachers and most importantly, the class of 2019. If I can’t make my speech fantastic, I will at least try to make it short.
It’s been nearly 40 years since I became a member of the navy. You may be wondering how I have won so many honors as a commander-in-chief. In fact, it all began from the half a 1 basic training, which I will never forget, The training included midnight swims in the cold water, days without 2 and long painful runs in the soft sand, I always felt cold, wet, sleepy and painful.
The training also needed to find those who could 3 in an environment of stress, mess, failure and hardships. To me, the basic training was a lifetime of challenges that lasted six months. And today, I’d like to talk about one little thing, which I think is one of the most important points leading to great 4 .
Every morning in the training, my instructors(教官) would 5 in our rooms. The first thing they did was to 6 our beds. The corners would be square if we did it right. The covers would be pulled tight, and the pillow would be centered just under the headboard.
It was a(n) 7 task. But every morning we were required to make our beds 8 . It seemed a little funny, but the wisdom of this simple act has been proved to me many times over.
If you make your bed every morning, you will have completed the 9 task of the day. It will bring you a small sense of success, and it will 10 you to do another task, and another and another. And by the end of the day, one task completed will have 11 into many tasks completed. Making your bed will prove the fact. If you can’t do the little things right, you will 12 be able to do the big things right.
13 the world can happen anywhere and anyone can do it. I can make sure that it doesn’t matter whether I ever 14 a day in uniform. Even now, I still start my day with making the bed to perfection. So if you have an awful day by accident, you will come home to a bed that is made-that you made-and a made bed gives you encouragement that tomorrow will be better.
In general, if you want to change the world, 15 off by making your bed. I hope all of you will have a brighter future!
1．A．day’s B．week’s C．month’s D．year’s
2．A．water B．sleep C．food D．air
3．A．doubt B．lead C．separate D．hurry
4．A．success B．support C．pain D．pity
5．A．rest B．exercise C．appear D．relax
6．A．check B．clean C．mend D．make
7．A．exciting B．interesting C．simple D．difficult
8．A．softly B．messily C．slowly D．perfectly
9．A．first B．only C．same D．last
10．A．need B．warn C．invite D．encourage
11．A．thrown B．put C．turned D．divided
12．A．always B．hardly C．almost D．easily
13．A．Protecting B．Changing C．controlling D．Connecting
14．A．rose B．risked C．served D．celebrated
15．A．start B．run C．get D．take
1．D2．C3．B4．A5．C
6．A7．D8．D9．A10．D
11．C12．B13．B14．C15．A
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一个参加海军的毕业生回到母校给学生们做的演讲，希望他们有一个美好的未来。
1．句意：事实上，这一切都是从半年的基础训练开始的，我永远不会忘记。A. day’s一天的；B. week’s一周的；C. month’s一个月的；D. year’s一年的。根据下文To me, the basic training was a lifetime of challenges that lasted six months.可知，这里是半年的训练。故选D。
2．句意：训练内容包括午夜在冷水中游泳，白天没有食物，在柔软的沙滩上长时间的痛苦奔跑，我总是感到寒冷，潮湿，困倦和痛苦。A. water水；B. sleep睡觉；C. food食物；D. air空气。根据下文and long painful runs in the soft sand, I always felt cold, wet, sleepy and painful.可知这里是没有食物。根据题意，故选C。
3．句意：训练也需要找出那些能够在压力、混乱、失败和困难的环境中能领导的那些人。A. doubt 怀疑；B. lead 导致；引导；C. separate分开；D. hurry匆忙。根据下文an environment of stress, mess, failure and hardships.可知这里是引导。根据题意，故选B。
4．句意：今天，我想谈一件小事，我认为这是取得巨大成功的最重要的一点。A. success成功；B. support支持；C. pain疼痛；D. pity可怜。根据上文And today, I’d like to talk about one little thing, which I think is one of the most important points可知这里是成功。根据题意，故选A。
5．句意：每天早上训练时，我的教官都会出现在我们的房间里。A. rest休息；B. exercise锻炼；C. appear出现；D. relax放松。根据下文The first thing they did was to____6____our beds. The corners would be square if we did it right.可知上文是出现的意思。故选C。
6．句意：他们做的第一件事就是检查我们的床。如果我们做得对，被子的角将会是直角。A. check 核对；B. clean清扫；C. mend修理；D. make使，制作。根据下文The corners would be square if we did it right. The covers would be pulled tight, and the pillow would be centered just under the headboard.可知这里是说查房。故选A。
7．句意：这是一项艰巨的任务。但是每天早上我们都被要求把床做得很好。
A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. interesting有趣的；C. simple简单的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文But every morning we were required to make our beds___8___. It seemed a little funny, but the wisdom of this simple act has been proved to me many times over.可知上文是说这里是说困难的任务。根据题意，故选D。
8．句意：但是每天早上我们都被要求把床做得很好。A. softly柔软的；B. messily 乱糟糟地；C. slowly慢地；D. perfectly完美地。根据下文It seemed a little funny, but the wisdom of this simple act has been proved to me many times over.可知这里是完美地。根据句意，故选D。
9．句意：如果你每天早上整理床铺，你将完成一天中的第一项任务。A. first第一；B. only仅仅，只；C. same相同的；D. last最后的。根据下文If you make your bed every morning可知上文是说一天中的第一项任务。根据句意，
故选A。
10．句意：它会给你带来一种小小的成功感，它会鼓励你去完成另一项任务，一项又一项的任务。A. need需要；B. warn警告；C. invite邀请；D. encourage鼓励。根据下文do another task, and another and another.可知上文是说鼓励你去完成一项又一项的任务。根据句意，故选D。
11．句意：到一天结束时，一个已完成的任务将变成许多已完成的任务。A. thrown扔；B. put放；C. turned变得；D. divided分开。turn into…表示变成……。根据题意，故选C。
12．句意：如果你不能把小事做好，你就______可以把大事做好。A. always总是；B. hardly几乎不；C. almost几乎；D. easily容易地。根据上文If you can’t do the little things right,可知这里是几乎不。根据题意，故选B。
13．句意：改变世界可以发生在任何地方，任何人都可以做到。A. Protecting保护；B. Changing 改变；C. controlling控制；D. Connecting连接。根据下文can happen anywhere and anyone can do it. I can make sure that it doesn’t matter whether I ever___14___ a day in uniform.可知这里是改变世界。故选B。
14．句意：我能确定这和我是否还穿着制服服务一天没关系。A. rose升起；B. risked使…冒风险；C. served服务；接待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据下文a day in uniform.可知这里是服务。
故选C。
15．句意：一般来说，如果你想改变世界，就从整理床铺开始。A. start开始；B. run跑步；C. get得到；D. take带去。根据上文In general, if you want to change the world可知这里是从整理床铺开始。短语start off表示从……开始。故选A