还剩5页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
- 2023版新教材高中英语Unit1ScienceandScientists课时作业四ComprehensiveTestforUnit1新人教版选择性必修第二册 试卷 0 次下载
- 2023版新教材高中英语单元质量检测一Unit1ScienceandScientists新人教版选择性必修第二册 试卷 0 次下载
- 2023版新教材高中英语Unit2BridgingCultures课时作业一ReadingandThinking新人教版选择性必修第二册 试卷 0 次下载
- 2023版新教材高中英语Unit2BridgingCultures课时作业四ComprehensiveTestforUnit2新人教版选择性必修第二册 试卷 0 次下载
- 2023版新教材高中英语Unit2LookingintotheFuture课时作业二LearningAboutLanguage新人教版选择性必修第一册 试卷 0 次下载
高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists课时练习
展开
这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists课时练习，共8页。试卷主要包含了________，答案与解析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1．If untreated, the illness can becme ________ (严重的).
2．Jhn brught the abslute ________ (证据) that we needed.
3．Many ________ (家用的) prducts are ptentially harmful.
4．We can ________ (处理) up t 500 calls an hur at ur new ffices.
5．It is said that drinking much ________ (纯净的) water is gd fr health.
6．I have tw ________ (相互矛盾的) respnses t that questin.
7．In the rainfrest, we have ________ (多种多样的) plants and wild animals.
8．There was n water in the building, just a ________ (水泵) in the curtyard.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．My cmputer has been linked ________ the Internet in ur ffice.
2．It is a wrd with ________ (multiply) meanings.
3．That girl did the right thing, s we shuldn't blame the accident ________ her.
4．The number f peple riding mtrcycles withut helmets is ________ the decrease.
5．Origintracing f the virus is a ________ (pure) scientific matter and shuld be left in the hands f scientists.
6．Suspecting the traveler ________ carrying drugs, the custms fficial stpped him and went thrugh his suitcase.
7．“Made in China 2025” aims t transfrm China frm a prductmaking factry ________ a prductmaking pwer, ne driven by innvatin and emphasizing quality ver quantity.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Way back in 1674, a frg helped Antnie van Leeuwenhek make an incredible discvery. Antnie was an amateur scientist frm Hlland, s fascinated by micrscpes 1.________ he'd built sme f his wn. One rainy day, as he went fr a walk, a leaping frg 2.________ (draw) his attentin t a puddle.
Antnie cllected a drp f puddle water and put it 3.________ his micrscpe. He was amazed 4.________ (see) a whle cmmunity f creatures swimming in this ne drp—tiny beings n ne had ever seen befre.
These tiny beings, called micrbes, are everywhere: in dirt, in fd and n yur kitchen table. Peple 5.________ (cver) in them, t. 6.________ yu were t cunt all the micrbes n and inside yur bdy, yu wuld find yur bdy has mre micrbes than the wrld has peple—ver 6 billin!
Micrbes can't survive n 7.________ (they) wn. They need fd. After 8.________ (settle) int a hme—yu, fr instance—they steal vitamins and ther nutrients and leave behind dead cells and pisnus liquids called txins. Sme micrbes can make yu sick. Peple usually call these nes germs. 9.________ (lucky) fr yu, there are mre 10.________ (help) micrbes, wrking tgether t keep yu healthy, than bad nes.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________
4．________ 5.________ 6.________
7．________ 8.________ 9.________
10．________
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
When it cmes time fr the hliday shpping seasn, we're extra chsy abut the cuntless technlgy prducts that we will buy and give t friends and family. Here are three tech gifts that impressed editrs, reprters and prducers the mst.
Lums Matrix
I recently bught a Lums Matrix helmet (头盔) ($229) with builtin lights t make riding my bike at night a lt safer and less stressful. It's a regular pain pint fr bikers like me t make sure absentminded drivers see yu, especially when it's dark. This definitely helps.
—MattMcFarland, Writer
Gdreads app
Althugh this isn't a gift, the free Gdreads app is a game changer. At the beginning f this year, I prmised myself I'd read at least ne new bk every mnth. I set a gal f 12 bks n Gdreads and used it t track my prgress, keep a list f bks I'm interested in and check ut what friends and thers n the app were recmmending. I read 35 bks this year！(That's up frm five bks last year.)Gdreads feels like ne f the rare feelgd scial netwrks.
—KayaYurieff, TechReprter
Ember cffee cup
I drink my cffee slwly s it has rutinely cled halfway. Fr my birthday, my mum bught me a cup ($99), which keeps my cffee warm until I finish it withut trips t the micrwave fr reheating. I can als set the specific temperature I want. It makes my mrnings s much easier.
—MillieDent, Intern
1．What is the main advantage f the Lums Matrix helmet?
A.Helping drivers cncentrate.
B.Managing the bad weather.
C.Making night riding safer.
D.Making bikers feel less pain.
2．What des the writer mean by referring t the Gdreads app as “a game changer”？
A.It changes sme readers' reading rules.
B.It prvides readers with free Internet games.
C.It limits the number f bks a reader can read.
D.It inspires readers t read mre thrugh interactins.
3．Which f the fllwing can best describe the Ember cffee cup?
A.Ecfriendly. B．Cnvenient.
C.Expensive. D．Simple.
B
Everything yu knw is in yur brain. Fr what yu dn't, yu can ask the web. Hwever, as yu can imagine, in the past there were n cmputers and n web at all. Think abut peple living 3，500 years ag, in places where pyramids twered abve them. The lack f explanatins abut hw things wrked inspired the ancients t make discveries and feed their curisity.
But d nt think they knew nthing: in fact, we still wnder hw the Egyptians culd build the pyramids using their wn, rather rudimentary equipment. They wrte dwn their knwledge n bks(called papyrus scrlls)s that later peple culd benefit frm their skills.
Living safer and healthier was a tp pririty fr the ancients: when they hurt their heads in battles, they used t heal their wunds using the cures, sme f which were recrded n a papyrus nw knwn as the Edwin Smith Papyrus. Interestingly, this is the ldest written evidence f the wrd “brain” we have n Earth, and it dates back t 3，500 years ag!
Hwever, writing the wrd “brain” n a papyrus did nt slve all the curisities and questins abut it. Arund 2，500 years ag, fr example, ancient Greeks wndered whether mind and sul lay in the brain r in the heart.
2，000 years ag, Rman physician Galen f Pergamn was sure he had slved the questin: it was the brain, nt the heart, that was the center f mental life. Hwever, Galen had t cnvince the peple arund him that what he had discvered was true. It was nt easy, mstly because peple held their earlier beliefs. Every neurscientist, just like Galen did, has t carefully bserve reality, fcus n smething that is really interesting, think abut hw it can wrk, perfrm experiments, and discuss the data they get. This way, they can btain cnvincing evidence t be shared with thers.
4．What encuraged the ancients t make discveries?
A.The hpe fr keeping curisity.
B.The need fr writing bks.
C.The search fr explanatins.
D.The wish t wrk faster.
5．Which wrd can best replace “rudimentary” underlined in paragraph 2?
A.Cmplicated. B．Primitive.
C.Electrical. D．Prtective.
6．What can be learned abut the Edwin Smith Papyrus?
A.It was prbably a medical text.
B.It was finished 2，500 years ag.
C.It was cnsidered useless at first.
D.It was written by Galen f Pergamn.
7．Hw did Galen cnvince peple f his discvery?
A.By finding evidence frm papyrus scrlls.
B.By asking many scientists t supprt him.
C.By fllwing strict scientific methds.
D.By teaching peple t d experiments.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2023·福建省四地市高中毕业班第一次质量检测]Accrding t TheThkuJurnalfExperimentalMedicine, laughter has many prfund physilgical and psychlgical benefits. It can relax muscles, prmte mental and psychlgical wellbeing, etc. But we have becme s busy with ur daily rutines that we rarely laugh. Laughter Online University fund that children laugh 300 t 400 times n an average, whereas adults laugh nly 17.5 times in a day. __1__ But if yu still dn't knw why yu shuld laugh, here are sme benefits f laughter fr yu.
◆Reduce stress
__2__ There is science behind this. When yu get stressed, yur bdy releases hrmnes. Cntinuus releases f these hrmnes may cause anxiety, depressin, and heart diseases. But when yu laugh, the stress hrmnes get reduced and it helps yu relieve yu stress.
◆Ensure a healthy relatinship
My friend and I used t have issues and never talked fr ver a mnth.But suddenly, ne day, she sent me a super funny meme (表情包) while n call, and we bth laughed at it. Just laughing tgether made us cme clser. __3__
◆Bst yur cnfidence
Have yu ever experienced that when yu laugh at a fearful situatin, yu feel mre curage and cnfidence? __4__ Once I had t deliver a speech at a schl meeting, and I felt extreme fear.I was sweating in buckets and felt as if the land beneath my feet is shaking. But I tried t talk with a friend and laughed fr a few secnds just t shw myself cl. __5__ I felt as if I culd d this and experienced a fantastic sense f cnfidence.
A．Laughter is a pwerful stress killer.
B．If yu ask me, I have experienced this.
C．I had anger issues when I was in schl.
D．This simple laughter had a significant effect n me.
E．It als helps us frget prblems and cherish friendship.
F．Laughter can help yu think clearly and mre effectively.
G．N wnder why we adults suffer mental prblems like anxiety.
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2023·福建省四地市高中毕业班第一次质量检测]The cmbinatin f music and study has lng been 1.________ surce f disagreement between adults and children.Parents and teachers alike maintain that 2.________ (silent) is imprtant when learning, whereas yungsters insist that 3.________ (they) favurite sunds help them cncentrate.
Nw a study shws that the 4.________ (grwnup) have been right all alng.Psychlgists in Flrida tested hw fast students wrte essays 5.________ and withut music in the backgrund .They 6.________ (find) that the sunds slwed prgress dwn by abut sixty wrds per hur. “This demnstrates 7.________ (clear) that it is difficult t cpe with listening and writing at the same time，”said als came t the cnclusin 8.________ it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than sngs. “All types f music had the same effect，” she said in her reprt. “One's ability t pay attentin and write fluently is likely 9.________ (disturb) by bth sngs and instrumental music，” she added.
Dr. Sarah claimed the research demnstrated that the idea that music culd imprve perfrmance was wrng. “Writing an essay is a cmplex task. Yu 10.________ (recall) infrmatin and putting it in rder. But what is particularly wrrying is that mre and mre teenagers are studying in frnt f the televisin.”
课时作业(一) Reading and Thinking
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．severe 2.prf 3.husehld 4.handle 5.pure 6.cntradictry 7.multiple 8.pump
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．with/t 2.multiple 3.n 4.n 5.purely 6.f 7.int
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。通过安东尼用显微镜发现水滴中的微生物引出话题，指出微生物无处不在，但大多数微生物对人类是有益的。
1．答案与解析：that 考查连词。句意：安东尼是一位来自荷兰的业余科学家，他对显微镜太入迷了以至于他自己做了几个。根据s可知本空应用that引导结果状语从句。
2．答案与解析：drew 考查动词时态。句意：在一个雨天，他散步的时候，一只跳跃的青蛙使他注意到一个水坑。根据One rainy day可知，本句应用一般过去时，故填drew。
3．答案与解析：under 考查介词。句意：安东尼收集了一滴水坑的水，并把它放在他的显微镜下。根据常识可知，要把物体放到显微镜下面观察，故应用介词under“在……下面”。
4．答案与解析：t see 考查非谓语动词。句意：他吃惊地看见一整个生物群落正在这一滴水中游动。be amazed t d sth.为固定用法，意为“吃惊地做某事”。
5．答案与解析：are cvered 考查动词时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时；本句中的cver和主语Peple之间是被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are cvered。
6．答案与解析：If 考查连词。句意：如果你要数你身体上和身体内所有的微生物，你会发现你的身体有比世界上的人数还要多的微生物——超过60亿！根据语境可知，本空应用连词If引导条件状语从句。
7．答案与解析：their 考查代词。n ne's wn为固定用法，意为“单独地，独自地”。
8．答案与解析：settling 考查非谓语动词。句意：在宿主——比如你——体内定居后，它们会偷走维生素和其他营养物质，留下死细胞和被称为毒素的有毒液体。介词After后要用动名词形式，故本空应填settling。
9．答案与解析：Luckily 考查副词。句意：对你来说幸运的是，比起有害的微生物，有更多的有益微生物共同努力让你保持健康。副词Luckily放在句首，修饰整个句子。
10．答案与解析：helpful 考查形容词。根据语境可知，本空应用形容词修饰名词micrbes，故应填形容词helpful。
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个最受欢迎的科技类礼物——Lums Matrix头盔，Gdreads应用和Ember咖啡杯。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Lums Matrix部分中的“I recently bught a Lums Matrix helmet (头盔) ($229) with builtin lights t make riding my bike at night a lt safer and less stressful.”可知，Lums Matrix头盔的优势是有内置灯，这样可以让夜间骑行更安全。
2．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据Gdreads app部分中的“keep a list f bks I'm interested in and check ut what friends and thers n the app were recmmending”和“Gdreads feels like ne f the rare feelgd scial netwrks”可知，Gdreads这一应用可以记录读者的阅读历史并且在该应用上可以看到朋友或者其他读者推荐的书，该应用通过网上互动来激励读者读更多的书，故D项正确。
3．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据Ember cffee cup部分中的“which keeps my cffee warm... set the specific temperature I want”可知，该咖啡杯可以保温并且用户可以设定想要的温度，这是非常方便的。故选B。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从3500年前、2500年前到2000年前三个不同时期，古埃及人、古希腊人和古罗马人对大脑还是心脏是精神生活的中心进行了探索。
4．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。结合第一段中“The lack f explanatins abut hw things wrked inspired the ancients t make discveries and feed their curisity.”可知，对万物如何运行的解释的缺乏激发了古人去做出发现的好奇心，故选C项。
5．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。结合rudimentary所在句的含义，同时对四个选项含义的理解(cmplicated复杂的；primitive原始的；electrical电器的，带电的；prtective保护的)可知，此处表示“事实上，我们仍然想知道埃及人是如何用他们自己的相当________设备建造金字塔的”，据此很容易猜测出rudimentary的含义，故选B项。
6．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。结合第三段中的“ f which were recrded n a papyrus nw knwn as the Edwin Smith Papyrus.”的叙述可知，当他们在战斗中受伤时，他们会用治疗方法来治愈自己的伤口，一些治疗方法被记录在现在被称为the Edwin Smith Papyrus上，据此很容易推知，这很有可能是一本有关医学方面的书籍，故选A项。
7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。结合文章最后一段中出现的关键词汇carefully bserve, fcus n, think abut, perfrm, discuss the data等可知，科学研究必须遵循严格的科学的方法，故选C项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍大笑对身心的三个益处。
1．答案与解析：G 空前的“whereas adults laugh nly 17.5 times in a day”提到成年人每天大笑的频率比孩子低的多，同时结合空后的“But if yu still dn't knw why yu shuld laugh...”可知，空处与下一句构成转折关系，且应该与adults相关，G项“难怪我们成年人会遭受焦虑等心理问题”符合题意，故选G项。
2．答案与解析：A Reduce stress说明大笑的好处之一是可以减少压力，A项中a pwerful stress killer是关键词，与本段小标题讲述话题一致，故A项“笑是一种强大的压力杀手”符合题意，故选A项。
3．答案与解析：E 上文“Just laughing tgether made us cme clser.”说明大笑有助于保持紧密的关系，E项中friendship与之相呼应，故E项“它也帮助我们忘记问题，珍惜友谊”符合上下文题意，故选E项。
4．答案与解析：B 空前一句为一般疑问句，结合写作的思路来看，应该是“一问一答”形式，B项“如果你问我，我曾经经历过”不仅回答了上句问题，且与上一句语境内容相符，故选B项。
5．答案与解析：D 上文“But I tried t talk with a friend and laughed fr a few secnds just t shw myself cl.”说明大笑对作者产生了好的影响，D项“这种简单的笑声对我产生了很大的影响”不仅符合上下文语境，而且选项中的me也是答题的关键，这与上下句人称保持了一致，故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，学习状态下注意力是非常集中的，一旦有外界声音或因素干扰，是会大大影响学习的。
1．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。句意：长期以来，音乐和学习的结合一直是成人和儿童之间分歧的根源。根据句子成分可知，此处a surce f是．一个根源，符合题意。故填a。
2．答案与解析：silence 考查词性转换。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。分析句子结构，此句为that引导的宾语从句，此处silent的适当形式在从句作主语，具有名词性，故填silence。
3．答案与解析：their 考查代词。句意见上一题。根据句子结构可知，此处修饰后面名词sunds，作前置定语，故填their。
4．答案与解析：grwnups 考查名词的数。句意：现在一项研究表明，成年人一直都是对的。结合后面动词have，可知此处名词作主语用复数形式，故填grwnups。
5．答案与解析：with 考查介词。句意：佛罗里达州的心理学家测试了学生在有音乐背景和没有音乐背景下写文章的速度。根据句意和句子结构，可知和后面介词withut构成并列关系，表达“有和没有”，用介词with。故填with。
6．答案与解析：fund 考查动词的时态。句意：他们发现这些声音使学习进度每小时慢了大约60个单词。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词slwed，可知此处动词用一般过去时，fund发现。故填fund。
7．答案与解析：clearly 考查词性转换。句意：莎拉博士说：“这清楚地表明，要同时处理听力和写作是很困难的。”。此处修饰前面动词用副词形式，作状语，故填clearly。
8．答案与解析：that 考查同位语从句。句意：她还得出结论，器乐没有歌曲那么令人不安，这是一个神话。分析句子结构，此句为同位语从句。从句内容是前面名词the cnclusin的具体内容，从句是完整的，用连接词that引导。故填that。
9．答案与解析：t be disturbed 考查非谓语动词。句意：她补充道：“一个人的注意力和流利写作能力可能会受到歌曲和器乐的干扰。”。be likely t d 可能做某事，后接不定式t d。由by bth sngs and instrumental music可知此处构成被动语态，表达“被干扰”，故填t be disturbed。
10．答案与解析：are recalling 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：您正在回忆信息并对其进行整理。根据语境，结合后面putting，此处作谓语动词，时态为现在进行时，表达“正在回忆”，故填are recalling。
必备知识基础练
进阶训练第一层
关键能力综合练
进阶训练第二层
1．If untreated, the illness can becme ________ (严重的).
2．Jhn brught the abslute ________ (证据) that we needed.
3．Many ________ (家用的) prducts are ptentially harmful.
4．We can ________ (处理) up t 500 calls an hur at ur new ffices.
5．It is said that drinking much ________ (纯净的) water is gd fr health.
6．I have tw ________ (相互矛盾的) respnses t that questin.
7．In the rainfrest, we have ________ (多种多样的) plants and wild animals.
8．There was n water in the building, just a ________ (水泵) in the curtyard.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．My cmputer has been linked ________ the Internet in ur ffice.
2．It is a wrd with ________ (multiply) meanings.
3．That girl did the right thing, s we shuldn't blame the accident ________ her.
4．The number f peple riding mtrcycles withut helmets is ________ the decrease.
5．Origintracing f the virus is a ________ (pure) scientific matter and shuld be left in the hands f scientists.
6．Suspecting the traveler ________ carrying drugs, the custms fficial stpped him and went thrugh his suitcase.
7．“Made in China 2025” aims t transfrm China frm a prductmaking factry ________ a prductmaking pwer, ne driven by innvatin and emphasizing quality ver quantity.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Way back in 1674, a frg helped Antnie van Leeuwenhek make an incredible discvery. Antnie was an amateur scientist frm Hlland, s fascinated by micrscpes 1.________ he'd built sme f his wn. One rainy day, as he went fr a walk, a leaping frg 2.________ (draw) his attentin t a puddle.
Antnie cllected a drp f puddle water and put it 3.________ his micrscpe. He was amazed 4.________ (see) a whle cmmunity f creatures swimming in this ne drp—tiny beings n ne had ever seen befre.
These tiny beings, called micrbes, are everywhere: in dirt, in fd and n yur kitchen table. Peple 5.________ (cver) in them, t. 6.________ yu were t cunt all the micrbes n and inside yur bdy, yu wuld find yur bdy has mre micrbes than the wrld has peple—ver 6 billin!
Micrbes can't survive n 7.________ (they) wn. They need fd. After 8.________ (settle) int a hme—yu, fr instance—they steal vitamins and ther nutrients and leave behind dead cells and pisnus liquids called txins. Sme micrbes can make yu sick. Peple usually call these nes germs. 9.________ (lucky) fr yu, there are mre 10.________ (help) micrbes, wrking tgether t keep yu healthy, than bad nes.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________
4．________ 5.________ 6.________
7．________ 8.________ 9.________
10．________
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
When it cmes time fr the hliday shpping seasn, we're extra chsy abut the cuntless technlgy prducts that we will buy and give t friends and family. Here are three tech gifts that impressed editrs, reprters and prducers the mst.
Lums Matrix
I recently bught a Lums Matrix helmet (头盔) ($229) with builtin lights t make riding my bike at night a lt safer and less stressful. It's a regular pain pint fr bikers like me t make sure absentminded drivers see yu, especially when it's dark. This definitely helps.
—MattMcFarland, Writer
Gdreads app
Althugh this isn't a gift, the free Gdreads app is a game changer. At the beginning f this year, I prmised myself I'd read at least ne new bk every mnth. I set a gal f 12 bks n Gdreads and used it t track my prgress, keep a list f bks I'm interested in and check ut what friends and thers n the app were recmmending. I read 35 bks this year！(That's up frm five bks last year.)Gdreads feels like ne f the rare feelgd scial netwrks.
—KayaYurieff, TechReprter
Ember cffee cup
I drink my cffee slwly s it has rutinely cled halfway. Fr my birthday, my mum bught me a cup ($99), which keeps my cffee warm until I finish it withut trips t the micrwave fr reheating. I can als set the specific temperature I want. It makes my mrnings s much easier.
—MillieDent, Intern
1．What is the main advantage f the Lums Matrix helmet?
A.Helping drivers cncentrate.
B.Managing the bad weather.
C.Making night riding safer.
D.Making bikers feel less pain.
2．What des the writer mean by referring t the Gdreads app as “a game changer”？
A.It changes sme readers' reading rules.
B.It prvides readers with free Internet games.
C.It limits the number f bks a reader can read.
D.It inspires readers t read mre thrugh interactins.
3．Which f the fllwing can best describe the Ember cffee cup?
A.Ecfriendly. B．Cnvenient.
C.Expensive. D．Simple.
B
Everything yu knw is in yur brain. Fr what yu dn't, yu can ask the web. Hwever, as yu can imagine, in the past there were n cmputers and n web at all. Think abut peple living 3，500 years ag, in places where pyramids twered abve them. The lack f explanatins abut hw things wrked inspired the ancients t make discveries and feed their curisity.
But d nt think they knew nthing: in fact, we still wnder hw the Egyptians culd build the pyramids using their wn, rather rudimentary equipment. They wrte dwn their knwledge n bks(called papyrus scrlls)s that later peple culd benefit frm their skills.
Living safer and healthier was a tp pririty fr the ancients: when they hurt their heads in battles, they used t heal their wunds using the cures, sme f which were recrded n a papyrus nw knwn as the Edwin Smith Papyrus. Interestingly, this is the ldest written evidence f the wrd “brain” we have n Earth, and it dates back t 3，500 years ag!
Hwever, writing the wrd “brain” n a papyrus did nt slve all the curisities and questins abut it. Arund 2，500 years ag, fr example, ancient Greeks wndered whether mind and sul lay in the brain r in the heart.
2，000 years ag, Rman physician Galen f Pergamn was sure he had slved the questin: it was the brain, nt the heart, that was the center f mental life. Hwever, Galen had t cnvince the peple arund him that what he had discvered was true. It was nt easy, mstly because peple held their earlier beliefs. Every neurscientist, just like Galen did, has t carefully bserve reality, fcus n smething that is really interesting, think abut hw it can wrk, perfrm experiments, and discuss the data they get. This way, they can btain cnvincing evidence t be shared with thers.
4．What encuraged the ancients t make discveries?
A.The hpe fr keeping curisity.
B.The need fr writing bks.
C.The search fr explanatins.
D.The wish t wrk faster.
5．Which wrd can best replace “rudimentary” underlined in paragraph 2?
A.Cmplicated. B．Primitive.
C.Electrical. D．Prtective.
6．What can be learned abut the Edwin Smith Papyrus?
A.It was prbably a medical text.
B.It was finished 2，500 years ag.
C.It was cnsidered useless at first.
D.It was written by Galen f Pergamn.
7．Hw did Galen cnvince peple f his discvery?
A.By finding evidence frm papyrus scrlls.
B.By asking many scientists t supprt him.
C.By fllwing strict scientific methds.
D.By teaching peple t d experiments.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2023·福建省四地市高中毕业班第一次质量检测]Accrding t TheThkuJurnalfExperimentalMedicine, laughter has many prfund physilgical and psychlgical benefits. It can relax muscles, prmte mental and psychlgical wellbeing, etc. But we have becme s busy with ur daily rutines that we rarely laugh. Laughter Online University fund that children laugh 300 t 400 times n an average, whereas adults laugh nly 17.5 times in a day. __1__ But if yu still dn't knw why yu shuld laugh, here are sme benefits f laughter fr yu.
◆Reduce stress
__2__ There is science behind this. When yu get stressed, yur bdy releases hrmnes. Cntinuus releases f these hrmnes may cause anxiety, depressin, and heart diseases. But when yu laugh, the stress hrmnes get reduced and it helps yu relieve yu stress.
◆Ensure a healthy relatinship
My friend and I used t have issues and never talked fr ver a mnth.But suddenly, ne day, she sent me a super funny meme (表情包) while n call, and we bth laughed at it. Just laughing tgether made us cme clser. __3__
◆Bst yur cnfidence
Have yu ever experienced that when yu laugh at a fearful situatin, yu feel mre curage and cnfidence? __4__ Once I had t deliver a speech at a schl meeting, and I felt extreme fear.I was sweating in buckets and felt as if the land beneath my feet is shaking. But I tried t talk with a friend and laughed fr a few secnds just t shw myself cl. __5__ I felt as if I culd d this and experienced a fantastic sense f cnfidence.
A．Laughter is a pwerful stress killer.
B．If yu ask me, I have experienced this.
C．I had anger issues when I was in schl.
D．This simple laughter had a significant effect n me.
E．It als helps us frget prblems and cherish friendship.
F．Laughter can help yu think clearly and mre effectively.
G．N wnder why we adults suffer mental prblems like anxiety.
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2023·福建省四地市高中毕业班第一次质量检测]The cmbinatin f music and study has lng been 1.________ surce f disagreement between adults and children.Parents and teachers alike maintain that 2.________ (silent) is imprtant when learning, whereas yungsters insist that 3.________ (they) favurite sunds help them cncentrate.
Nw a study shws that the 4.________ (grwnup) have been right all alng.Psychlgists in Flrida tested hw fast students wrte essays 5.________ and withut music in the backgrund .They 6.________ (find) that the sunds slwed prgress dwn by abut sixty wrds per hur. “This demnstrates 7.________ (clear) that it is difficult t cpe with listening and writing at the same time，”said als came t the cnclusin 8.________ it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than sngs. “All types f music had the same effect，” she said in her reprt. “One's ability t pay attentin and write fluently is likely 9.________ (disturb) by bth sngs and instrumental music，” she added.
Dr. Sarah claimed the research demnstrated that the idea that music culd imprve perfrmance was wrng. “Writing an essay is a cmplex task. Yu 10.________ (recall) infrmatin and putting it in rder. But what is particularly wrrying is that mre and mre teenagers are studying in frnt f the televisin.”
课时作业(一) Reading and Thinking
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．severe 2.prf 3.husehld 4.handle 5.pure 6.cntradictry 7.multiple 8.pump
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．with/t 2.multiple 3.n 4.n 5.purely 6.f 7.int
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。通过安东尼用显微镜发现水滴中的微生物引出话题，指出微生物无处不在，但大多数微生物对人类是有益的。
1．答案与解析：that 考查连词。句意：安东尼是一位来自荷兰的业余科学家，他对显微镜太入迷了以至于他自己做了几个。根据s可知本空应用that引导结果状语从句。
2．答案与解析：drew 考查动词时态。句意：在一个雨天，他散步的时候，一只跳跃的青蛙使他注意到一个水坑。根据One rainy day可知，本句应用一般过去时，故填drew。
3．答案与解析：under 考查介词。句意：安东尼收集了一滴水坑的水，并把它放在他的显微镜下。根据常识可知，要把物体放到显微镜下面观察，故应用介词under“在……下面”。
4．答案与解析：t see 考查非谓语动词。句意：他吃惊地看见一整个生物群落正在这一滴水中游动。be amazed t d sth.为固定用法，意为“吃惊地做某事”。
5．答案与解析：are cvered 考查动词时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时；本句中的cver和主语Peple之间是被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are cvered。
6．答案与解析：If 考查连词。句意：如果你要数你身体上和身体内所有的微生物，你会发现你的身体有比世界上的人数还要多的微生物——超过60亿！根据语境可知，本空应用连词If引导条件状语从句。
7．答案与解析：their 考查代词。n ne's wn为固定用法，意为“单独地，独自地”。
8．答案与解析：settling 考查非谓语动词。句意：在宿主——比如你——体内定居后，它们会偷走维生素和其他营养物质，留下死细胞和被称为毒素的有毒液体。介词After后要用动名词形式，故本空应填settling。
9．答案与解析：Luckily 考查副词。句意：对你来说幸运的是，比起有害的微生物，有更多的有益微生物共同努力让你保持健康。副词Luckily放在句首，修饰整个句子。
10．答案与解析：helpful 考查形容词。根据语境可知，本空应用形容词修饰名词micrbes，故应填形容词helpful。
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个最受欢迎的科技类礼物——Lums Matrix头盔，Gdreads应用和Ember咖啡杯。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Lums Matrix部分中的“I recently bught a Lums Matrix helmet (头盔) ($229) with builtin lights t make riding my bike at night a lt safer and less stressful.”可知，Lums Matrix头盔的优势是有内置灯，这样可以让夜间骑行更安全。
2．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据Gdreads app部分中的“keep a list f bks I'm interested in and check ut what friends and thers n the app were recmmending”和“Gdreads feels like ne f the rare feelgd scial netwrks”可知，Gdreads这一应用可以记录读者的阅读历史并且在该应用上可以看到朋友或者其他读者推荐的书，该应用通过网上互动来激励读者读更多的书，故D项正确。
3．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据Ember cffee cup部分中的“which keeps my cffee warm... set the specific temperature I want”可知，该咖啡杯可以保温并且用户可以设定想要的温度，这是非常方便的。故选B。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从3500年前、2500年前到2000年前三个不同时期，古埃及人、古希腊人和古罗马人对大脑还是心脏是精神生活的中心进行了探索。
4．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。结合第一段中“The lack f explanatins abut hw things wrked inspired the ancients t make discveries and feed their curisity.”可知，对万物如何运行的解释的缺乏激发了古人去做出发现的好奇心，故选C项。
5．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。结合rudimentary所在句的含义，同时对四个选项含义的理解(cmplicated复杂的；primitive原始的；electrical电器的，带电的；prtective保护的)可知，此处表示“事实上，我们仍然想知道埃及人是如何用他们自己的相当________设备建造金字塔的”，据此很容易猜测出rudimentary的含义，故选B项。
6．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。结合第三段中的“ f which were recrded n a papyrus nw knwn as the Edwin Smith Papyrus.”的叙述可知，当他们在战斗中受伤时，他们会用治疗方法来治愈自己的伤口，一些治疗方法被记录在现在被称为the Edwin Smith Papyrus上，据此很容易推知，这很有可能是一本有关医学方面的书籍，故选A项。
7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。结合文章最后一段中出现的关键词汇carefully bserve, fcus n, think abut, perfrm, discuss the data等可知，科学研究必须遵循严格的科学的方法，故选C项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍大笑对身心的三个益处。
1．答案与解析：G 空前的“whereas adults laugh nly 17.5 times in a day”提到成年人每天大笑的频率比孩子低的多，同时结合空后的“But if yu still dn't knw why yu shuld laugh...”可知，空处与下一句构成转折关系，且应该与adults相关，G项“难怪我们成年人会遭受焦虑等心理问题”符合题意，故选G项。
2．答案与解析：A Reduce stress说明大笑的好处之一是可以减少压力，A项中a pwerful stress killer是关键词，与本段小标题讲述话题一致，故A项“笑是一种强大的压力杀手”符合题意，故选A项。
3．答案与解析：E 上文“Just laughing tgether made us cme clser.”说明大笑有助于保持紧密的关系，E项中friendship与之相呼应，故E项“它也帮助我们忘记问题，珍惜友谊”符合上下文题意，故选E项。
4．答案与解析：B 空前一句为一般疑问句，结合写作的思路来看，应该是“一问一答”形式，B项“如果你问我，我曾经经历过”不仅回答了上句问题，且与上一句语境内容相符，故选B项。
5．答案与解析：D 上文“But I tried t talk with a friend and laughed fr a few secnds just t shw myself cl.”说明大笑对作者产生了好的影响，D项“这种简单的笑声对我产生了很大的影响”不仅符合上下文语境，而且选项中的me也是答题的关键，这与上下句人称保持了一致，故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，学习状态下注意力是非常集中的，一旦有外界声音或因素干扰，是会大大影响学习的。
1．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。句意：长期以来，音乐和学习的结合一直是成人和儿童之间分歧的根源。根据句子成分可知，此处a surce f是．一个根源，符合题意。故填a。
2．答案与解析：silence 考查词性转换。句意：家长和老师都认为学习时保持沉默很重要，而年轻人则坚持认为他们最喜欢的声音有助于他们集中注意力。分析句子结构，此句为that引导的宾语从句，此处silent的适当形式在从句作主语，具有名词性，故填silence。
3．答案与解析：their 考查代词。句意见上一题。根据句子结构可知，此处修饰后面名词sunds，作前置定语，故填their。
4．答案与解析：grwnups 考查名词的数。句意：现在一项研究表明，成年人一直都是对的。结合后面动词have，可知此处名词作主语用复数形式，故填grwnups。
5．答案与解析：with 考查介词。句意：佛罗里达州的心理学家测试了学生在有音乐背景和没有音乐背景下写文章的速度。根据句意和句子结构，可知和后面介词withut构成并列关系，表达“有和没有”，用介词with。故填with。
6．答案与解析：fund 考查动词的时态。句意：他们发现这些声音使学习进度每小时慢了大约60个单词。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词slwed，可知此处动词用一般过去时，fund发现。故填fund。
7．答案与解析：clearly 考查词性转换。句意：莎拉博士说：“这清楚地表明，要同时处理听力和写作是很困难的。”。此处修饰前面动词用副词形式，作状语，故填clearly。
8．答案与解析：that 考查同位语从句。句意：她还得出结论，器乐没有歌曲那么令人不安，这是一个神话。分析句子结构，此句为同位语从句。从句内容是前面名词the cnclusin的具体内容，从句是完整的，用连接词that引导。故填that。
9．答案与解析：t be disturbed 考查非谓语动词。句意：她补充道：“一个人的注意力和流利写作能力可能会受到歌曲和器乐的干扰。”。be likely t d 可能做某事，后接不定式t d。由by bth sngs and instrumental music可知此处构成被动语态，表达“被干扰”，故填t be disturbed。
10．答案与解析：are recalling 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：您正在回忆信息并对其进行整理。根据语境，结合后面putting，此处作谓语动词，时态为现在进行时，表达“正在回忆”，故填are recalling。
必备知识基础练
进阶训练第一层
关键能力综合练
进阶训练第二层
相关试卷
高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land课时训练： 这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land课时训练，共6页。
人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture课后复习题： 这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture课后复习题，共6页。
人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture同步训练题： 这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture同步训练题，共7页。试卷主要包含了A.ever B，A.gaining B，A.wrst B，A.destry B，A.cntains B，A.fr example B，A.Sme B，A.less B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
