高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters学案设计

人教（2019版）必修第一册第四单元

Unit 4 Natural disasters
Period 2 Reading and thinking

1. ruin&vt破坏；毁坏

Ruin oneself 毁了自己

Ruin the reputation 破坏声誉

Ruin one’s hope /heath 毁掉某人的希望、健康

In ruins 成为废墟

2.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克

       V使震惊

 Shocking adj 令人震惊的；

Shocked   adj震惊的

N的短语

Electric shock 触电，

In shock 震惊地

With a great shock 大为震惊

V短语

Be shocked by/at sth对……感到震惊

Be shocked to do sth震惊地做某事

Be shocked that 对…..感到震惊

It shocks sb to do sth做某事让某人震惊

It shocks sb that ……让某人感到震惊

It was shocked to learn that he had been in prison.

It shocked me to learn that he had been in prison.

It shocked me that he had been in prison.

对于他做过牢的这件事感到震惊

3.trap v 使落入陷阱；使落入圈套

     n.险境，陷阱

set a trap 设圈套

trap sb /sth in sth 使….困于

trap sb into (doing)sth诱骗某人做某事

they were trapped in the burning hotel.

他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆

  Be trapped in 被困在

  Be caught in 陷入，被困在

4.bury v埋葬；安葬；掩埋

Bury one’s face/head in one’s hands

双手掩面、双手抱头

Bury one’s feelings

隐藏感情，感情不外露

Bury oneself in =be buried in 埋头于，专心于

Bury yourself in your work/ studies 埋头于工作，学习

专心于：

Be lost in

Devoted oneself to = be devoted to

Concentrate on

Be absorbed in

Focus on

Bury the old world and build a new one

埋葬旧世界，建设新世界

He buried his face in his hands and burst into tears.

 他双手掩面，突然大哭起来。

5.effort n.努力

 Effortless adj不费力气的，应付自如地

Make an effort /efforts to do sth努力做某事

Put effort into 对某事付出很大努力

Spare no effort to do sth不遗余力 做某事

With effort 努力地

Without effort 毫不费力地

6. suffer v遭受；受苦

Suffering n.痛苦；受害者

Sufferer n.受难者；患者

Suffer pain 遭受疼痛

     Loss 遭受损失

     Hunger 遭受饥饿

Shame 蒙羞

Shock 遭受打击

Misfortune遭受不幸

Suffer from 因…..而遭受损失、痛苦

句型

1．句型：too＋adj.＋to...“太……不……”

(教材P50)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.

鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。

too ＋ adj. for sb. to do sth. ...意为 “太……而不能……”，表示否定意义

①I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.我太年幼，不理解这部电影的含义。

②The problem is too difficult for me to settle.这个问题太难了，我解决不了。

[即学即练]　一句多译

小男孩太小了不能去上学。

(1)The little boy is so_young_that_he can't go to school.

(2)The little boy is_too_young_to_go_to school.

名师指津：牢记too... to...表示否定意义，可以与so... that...句型相互转换。

2. 构词法：

1. 名词+-less构成含否定意义的形容词, 意为“不, 无”: 例如: breath + -less → breathless 喘不上气的

tire→tireless　　　　　  adj. 不倦的

color→colorless    adj. 无色的

home→homeless    adj. 无家可归的

effort→effortless    adj. 不费力的

end→endless     adj. 无尽的

2. “介词in + 名词”构成的短语, 在句中作状语或表语, 例如: in shock 震惊地

in danger处于危险中　　 in trouble有麻烦

in surprise惊讶地   in need急需

3.句型： as if ＝ as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句

(教材P50)It seemed as if the world were coming at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！

1as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的

2as if从句用虚拟语气：

①从句用一般过去时与现在的事实相反

②从句用过去完成时与过去的事实相反

③从句用would/could/might do形式与将来的事实相反

①Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain. Let's hurry up.

看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。

②He talks to them as if they were children.他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。

名师指津：as if

解题的关键在于能明白是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟；如果对现在的虚拟，系动词be不管是第几人称都用were。

（一）高考链接

1.I ______________(shock )when I learnt she hadn’t  cooked once in all that time.

2.(2018北京)They were shocked_________ (find)two policemen standing next to the car.

3.A tough man can tolerate _____________. (suffer)

4.A young English teacher saved the lives of 30 students when he took control of a bus after its driver __________________ (suffer)a serious heart attack.

5.A tough man can tolerate _____________. (suffer)

6.The pony had actually _______________(trap)between two rocks.

7.Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food?

Many village communities feel their countryside_____ _____ ____________by the power-producing machines of wind farms.

8.because of our____________(effort),our daughter Gerogia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl…..

9.This of course created a new problem :dirty practically____________(bury )the first floors of every building in Chicago.

（一）

1.She is suffering_________________the loss of her son and doesn’t know what she will go through without him. 

2.Buried____________his work. he didn't notice it was already dark outside the factory.

3. Wherever we went, we found everything was in_________________(ruin) and it seemed as

if the world was at an end

4. Then came the________________( shock )news that her little brother was killed in a car accident

5.   It is important to remember that success is a sum of small____________(effort)made each day and often takes years to achieve.

（二）

1. Every year, there are many natural ______(灾害) in our country. For example, in the north, ______(干旱) is common, while in the south ______(洪水) and ______(滑坡) happen frequently. They often cause great ______(损坏), even ______(死亡).

2. A great______(龙卷风) hit America. Many hoses were ______(破坏), so local residents had to seek ______(避难处) in city stadium. Many main streets were covered by ______(砖头) and ______(金属) pieces. ______(电) is hard to get. Also the local economy was badly ______(影响). The government sent helicopters to evacuate those who were______(困住). The volunteer organizations also made every effort ______(努力)to offer a hand.

 3.

1. I quite understand your present worry because I have______ what you are experiencing now.  

2. Years of fighting has left the city______ ; it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.  

3. The boy walked slowly ______ he had hurt his leg.  

4. Cheer up! The world is not ______!  

5. The shelter might _______ if it rains more heavily.  

6. ______being annoyed, he seemed quite pleased.  

7. When the young man ______the building, he felt very helpless.  

8. The survivors were______ , wondering how long the disaster would last.  

9. That day he went to work out______ in the gym .  

10. It was reported that an American couple had______ a lot of gold coins from their own yard.

（三）

Getting enough sleep can be difficult in today's world. __1__ If you have trouble going to sleep on time, there are a few things you can do.

Know how much sleep you need. __2__ Children need 9­11 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers require 8­10 hours of sleep each night. Adults generally need 7­9 hours of sleep per night. Knowing how much sleep you need each night will help you know when you need to set your bedtime.

Get ready for bed at the same time every night. Don't wait until you start to feel sleepy, as this may keep you up longer than you want to stay awake. __3__ Set a suitable bedtime goal that works for your schedule.

Have a bedtime tradition. Doing the same things every night before bed will help signal (发信号) to your body that it is time to start getting sleepy. Try to create a sleep time tradition that you can perform every night before bed so that you get into the habit. __4__ Your bedtime tradition could include things like brushing your teeth or washing your face.

__5__ In an effort to lower your stress at bedtime, it might be useful to spend a little time preparing yourself for what you have to do in the morning. Feeling ready for the next day will help you relax and fall asleep more quickly. You can do things like picking out your clothes for the next day or packing your lunch for work.

A．Prepare yourself for the next day.

B．Different people have different sleep needs.

C．This will help you go to bed at the expected time every night.

D．Stop working at least one hour before bed so that you can relax a bit.

E．Reading in bed is one of the best ways to relax yourself after a long day.

F．However, if you don't get enough sleep, you'll feel tired and unhappy all the day.

G．Besides, getting ready for bed may cost you much time and make you sleep later than your expected bedtime.

高考链接答案：

1.was shocked

2.To find

3.suffering

4.Suffered.

5.Suffering.

6.Been trapped

7.is being ruined

8.Efforts

9.buried

（一）

1.from

2.in

3. ruins

4.shocking

5.Efforts

（二）

Ⅰ

1)         disasters

2)         drought

3)         flood

4)         landslide

5)         damage

6)         deaths

Ⅱ

1)         tornado

2)         destroyed

3)         shelter

4)         bricks

5)         metal

6)         Electricity

7)         affected

8)         trapped

Ⅲ

1)         gone through

2)         in ruins

3)         as if/though

4)         coming to an end

5)         fall down

6)         Instead of

7)         was trapped in

8)         in shock

9)         as usual

10)     dug out

（三）

【语篇解读】　本文就如何按时睡觉提出了几点建议。

1．答案与解析：F　根据本空前的“Getting enough sleep can be difficult in today's world.”及本空后的“If you have trouble going to sleep on time, there are a few things you can do.”可知，此处需要填一个承上启下的句子，说的是如果你没有足够的睡眠，你整天都会感到疲惫且情绪低落。

2．答案与解析：B　根据本空后的“Children need 9­11 hours of sleep per day... Adults generally need 7­9 hours of sleep per night.”可知，此处是指不同的人有不同的睡眠需求。

3．答案与解析：G　根据本空前的“Don't wait until you start to feel sleepy, as this may keep you up longer than you want to stay awake.”可知，此处与前面是递进关系，说的是准备睡觉的过程也会花费你很多时间，使你睡得比预期的时间晚。

4．答案与解析：C　根据本空前的“Try to create a sleep time tradition that you can perform every night before bed so that you get into the habit.”可知，此处承接上文，说的是这样做的好处。

5．答案与解析：A　根据本段内容，特别是“Feeling ready for the next day will help you relax and fall asleep more quickly.”可知，本段讲的是睡前为第二天做好准备对睡眠的好处。