高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Food for thought学案
展开Unit 1 Food for thought
Period 2 Using languages导学案
- 学习并掌握情态动词的基本用法，能够根据语境选择合适的情态动词填空。
- 了解英国的餐桌礼仪，开阔国际视野。
- 学会使用形容词描述食物，并会使用适当的情态动词说服他人。
重点：
1.理解“能够、最好、必须、不敢”的表意功能。
2.通过本单元所学的词汇和语法结构，引导学生介绍自己喜爱的食物。
难点：
1.学会在对话中获取有关健康饮食的相关信息，并对信息进行归纳总结，进行语言输出。
困难:
2.能够提炼和总结建议的表达方式，并将其转化为类似情况的交流。
一、课前预习
1.词汇积累（核心单词+重点短语）
A） 核心单词 B）重点短语
2、将适当的情态动词填入下列对应的横线上:
1) 应该__________ 2）会，能_______ __________ 3)可能，可以________ ______
8）不得不________ 5)敢_______ 6)一定，肯定________ 7)需要_________ 8)最好_________
二、学习以情态动词
词语释义
- used to indicate obligation,duty,or give advice/suggestions
- to be obliged to should(expressing necessity, or expressing an opinion about something that is logically very likely
- expressing possibility or expressing permission or a wish
- used to say that it is possible for sb/sth to do,or for sth to happen, or used to sb knows how to do sth
- to be brave enough to do sth.,to persuade sb to do sth dangerous,difficult or embarrassing so that they can show they are not afraid
- to require sth/sb because they ar essential or very important,not just because you would like to have them
- to give advice to do or not to do something
- To have the ability to do something
- ________ used to say what is the right thing to do,or say what you advise or recommend
- _______ used for talking about or predicting the future,or used for showing that sb is willing to do sth
单项选择
1．You________read the article if you don’t want to．
A．haven’t B．can’t C. mustn’t D．needn’t
2．I_______get this done immediately or it will be too late．
A. must B．can C．may D．might
3．The house is dark；the Browns_________ to bed．
A．may go B．should go
C．should have gone D. must have gone
4．“That car must have cost a 1ot of money.”
“Oh，no，_____.”
A．it mustn’t B．it hasn’t
C．it doesn’t D．it didn’t
5. I _______asleep in the corner，for 1 remember nothing of what happened during the night．
A．might fall B. must fall
C．must have fallen D. can have fallen
6．I’m feeling sick．I_________so much chocolate．
A．needn’t have eaten B. couldn’t have eaten
C．mustn’t have eaten D．shouldn’t have eaten
7. My wallet is nowhere to be found．I________when 1 was on the bus．
A．must have dropped it B．must drop it
C. should have dropped it D．ought to have dropped it
8．Mr．Green________my letter，otherwise he would have replied before now．
A．must have received B．must have failed to receive
C．must receive D. must fail to receive
9. You could have done much better yesterday．Why_________?
A．didn’t you B．couldn’t you
C. hadn’t you D．shouldn’t you
10．They have done things they ought_______
A．not to do B. not to be done
C．not to have done D．not having done
11. You had better__________a doctor as soon as possible．
A．seen B．saw C．see D．seeing
12．I believe he__________an accident．otherwise he would have arrived on time．
A．would have had B. could have had
C．should have had D．must have had
13．Something must have happened on their way here．Or they_______by now．
A．should have arrived B．should arrive
C．would have arrived D．would arrive
14. “Are you coming ‘to Jeff’s party?”
“I’m not sure. I _________ go to the concert instead.”
A．must B. would C．should D．might
15．“Will you stay for lunch?”
“Sorry．___________．My brother is coming to see me．”
A．I mustn’t B. I can’t C．I needn’t D．I won’t
三、情态动词用法归纳
【归纳一】can，could与be able to的用法
1．表示现在的能力：can，am/is/are able to。
2．表示将来的能力：will be able to。
3．表示过去的能力：could表示过去的能力，不表示是否成功地做了；was/were able to表示过去有能力做而且成功地做了。
4．can/could表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。
5．can/could表示礼貌地请求别人做某事，意为“能，可以”。
①Samuel，the tallest boy in our class，________easily reach the books on the top shelf.
②It was really annoying；I________get across to the data bank you had recommended.(过去的能力)
真令人恼火。我不能进入你推荐的数据库。
③If you have a good sleep，you will________________ work out this problem.(将来的能力)
如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。
④I________________out the problem，but I was too nervous.(本来有能力做但未做)
我本来可以解决这个问题，但我太紧张了。
⑤How ________you do such a silly thing？(表示惊讶)
你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢？
【归纳二】may与might的用法
1．表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn't，表示“不可以”“禁止”“阻止”之意。
2．may/might还可以表示推测，意为“可能”。
3．“may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“最好，倒不如”。
①—________I play basketball this afternoon?
—No，you can't.
②If you think the price of beef is too high，you________________buy some chicken.It depends on you.
如果你认为牛肉太贵的话，你不妨买些鸡肉。你自己决定。
【归纳三】must的用法
1．must用于否定句，表示“禁止”，表示说话者的命令或指令，语气比较强烈。
2．must表示必要性，意为“必须”。
3．must表示偏执、固执，意为“非得，偏要”。
①—Can't you stay a little longer?
—It's getting late.I really________go now.My daughter is home alone.
②Progress________lead to a better life and a better way of doing things.
进步一定会促成一种更好的生活和更好的做事情的方法。
③If you________go，at least wait until the storm is over.
【归纳四】need与dare的用法
1．need作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。
2．dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。
注意：在肯定句中need和dare通常为实义动词，否定和疑问需借助助动词do及其变形。
①My room is in a mess，but I________clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.
②As far as I'm concerned，you________worry about us now.
就我个人而言，你现在没有必要担心我们。
③Adults________to live their own lives and that's difficult with children.
大人需要过他们自己的生活，但有了孩子就很难做到了。
④How________you say I'm unfair?
你竟敢说我不公平？
⑤He________/________________speak English before such a crowd.
在这么多人面前他不敢说英语。
【归纳五】will与would的用法
1．表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。
2．will和would表示意志、愿望和决心。
3．will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。
4．would可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
①________you mind opening the window for me?
请你给我打开窗户好吗？
②Every morning he________have a walk along this river.
每天早晨，他总是沿着小河散步。
③Mum________tell us stories before we went to bed.
过去在我们上床睡觉前，妈妈总给我们讲故事。
【归纳六】shall，should与ought to的用法
1．shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。
2．shall用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
3．should表示义务、职责等，意为“应该”。
4．“Why/How＋should结构”表示说话人对某事不能理解，有感到意外、惊讶等意思，意为“竟会”。
5．ought to表示“应该”。
6．shall还可表示法律、规章和条例中规定的“应该”。
①—What time________I pick you up at your house tomorrow，sir?
—I haven't decided on the time.But I will call you.
——先生，我明天什么时候到你家接你呢？
——我还没有决定时间，但是我会给你打电话的。
②You________not get my support if you do such a thing.
假如你做那种事，我就不支持你。
③What do you mean，there are only ten tickets? There ________be twelve.
你说的是什么意思？只有10张票吗？本来应该有12张票的。
④According to the newlymade traffic regulation，whoever drives through a red light________be fined at least 200 dollars.
根据新的交通法规，不论谁驾车闯红灯，罚款至少200美元。
【归纳七】情态动词表推测的用法
1．can用于肯定句中表示客观的可能性，意为“有时会”；用于疑问句中可以表示推测，意为“可能”，有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，can't意为“不可能”，语气很强烈。
2．may/might用于肯定句中可以用来表示不十分肯定的推测，意为“有可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，may not意为“可能不”，表示一种不太确定的语气。
3．must表示推测时只能用于肯定句中，意为“一定，必定”，表示十分肯定的语气(在疑问句中或否定句中要用can/could)。
4．should用来表示推测时意为“应该”，即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。
①You'd better put on a heavy coat.Sometimes it________ be very cold here at night.
你最好穿上一件厚的大衣，在这里晚上有时很冷。
②It________be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
不可能是词汇导致了你习题中的问题，因为你知道很多单词。
③—You needn't take an umbrella.It isn't going to rain.
—Well，I don't know.It________do.
——你不需要带伞，不会下雨的。
——哦，我不知道，或许会下雨。
④—Good morning.I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.
—Ah，good morning.You________be Mrs Peters.
⑤There________be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
【归纳八】“情态动词＋have done”的用法
情态动词＋have done | 用法 |
must have done | 一定做过某事，其否定形式为can't/couldn't have done |
can/could have done | 1.本来能够做但却未做 2．可能做过某事 |
can't/couldn't have done | 不可能做过某事 |
may/might have done | 或许/可能做过某事 |
should/ought to have done | 本该做但却未做，其否定形式表示本不该做但却做了 |
needn't have done | 做了本没有必要做的事情 |
①Sorry，I'm late.I________________the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
对不起，我迟到了。我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了。
②Look！There are so many mistakes in your composition.You________________full attention on it.
看！你的作文里有这么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。
Ⅰ.判断每组句子的基本意思是否相同,相同的打“√",不同的打“×”。
（ ）1. You have to show your passport.
You are required to show your passport
（ ）2. He dare not walk alone in the dark
He is afraid of walking alone in the dark
（ ）3.The girl is able to look after herself.
The girl has the ability to look after herself.
（ ）4.You had better take an umbrella in case it rains.
I advise you to take an umbrella in case it rains.
（ ）5.You needn't come so early
You shouldnt come so early
Ⅱ.用括号中的单词或短语的正确形式改写句子,保持句意不变。
- You are required to return the book in three days. (have to)
______________________________________________________________
- He was afraid of touching it as it looked frightening. (dare not)
______________________________________________________________
3. After years of practising, she has the ability to communicate with French people fluently now(be able to)
______________________________________________________________
4. She advised me not to stay up too late. (had better not)
______________________________________________________________
5. It is not necessary for you to rush as there are still two hours left. (need not)
______________________________________________________________
6. It wasn't necessary for you to buy me this present. (not have to)
______________________________________________________________
7. The baby girl is only one year old, but she can walk on her own now.(be able to)
______________________________________________________________
8. Is she brave enough to try this kind of food?(dare)
______________________________________________________________
9. I was suggested that I should do exercise every day to keep fit. (had better)
______________________________________________________________
10. It is necessary to solve the problem immediately. (need)
______________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.短文语法填空
Lucy is an outgoing lady.She 1.________play many kinds of musical instruments.Actually，she could play the piano when she was 8 years old.Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day.She says that she has to do some sports because she 2.________keep slim.“You 3.________get fat soon if you don't take exercise every day.”She usually says to her friends.
As for her，an elegant lady should try to keep fit.However，last week，she found that she 4.________put on weight and her husband suggested that she should lose weight.And these days she'd rather that she 5.________(take) more exercise every day.However，she is always lack of time because she ought to take care of her children.
One night after supper，she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late.On her way，she thought that the dancing must 6.________(begin)，and the coach 7.________have taught or shown many new moves.She was afraid that her friends might 8.________(leave) before she got there.She was regretful then.She 9.________have had supper earlier，or she could have taken a taxi，and indeed she needn't 10.________(take) a bath in advance.
When she reached the park finally，she found nobody was there.She remembered suddenly that it had been reported on the radio that there would be a heavy rain that night.
参考答案：
一、课前预习
生词+短语
A)
1.功能，作用；2.下载；3.有关系的，相关的；4.日常饮食；5.对……着迷的；6.指点，建议；7.风俗，习惯，传统；8.礼貌，礼仪；9.诀窍，技巧；10.盘，碟；11.柄，把手；12.不同，不一样，有区别
B)
1.最好；2.会，能；3.不得不，必须；4.去……的路；5.解决，算出，制定，弄懂；6.害怕；7.保持健康；8.付款；9.餐桌礼仪；10.以防万一
将适当的情态动词填入下列对应的横线上
1.should; 2.can;be able to; 3.may;can; 4.have to; 5.dare; 6.must; 7.need; 8.had better
二、学习以情态动词
1.should; 2.must; 3.may/might; 4.can/could; 5. dare; 6.need; 7.had better; 8.be able to; 9.ought to; 10.will/would
小试牛刀：1—5．DADDC 6—10．DABAC 11—15．CDADB
三、情态动词用法归纳
归纳一：①can ②couldn't ③be able to ④could have worked ⑤could
归纳二：①May ②might as well
归纳三：①must ②must ③must
归纳四：①needn't ②needn't ③need ④dare ⑤daren't/doesn't dare (to)
归纳五：①Would ②will ③would
归纳六：①shall ②shall ③should ④shall
归纳七：①can ②couldn't ③might ④must ⑤shouldn't
归纳八：①might have turned off ②should have fixed
课后巩固
Ⅰ、1.√ 2.√ 3.√ 4.√ 5.×
Ⅱ、1.You have to return the book in three days.
2.He dared not touch it as it looked frightening.
3. After years of practising, she is able to communicate with French people fluently now.
4.She advised / said that I 'd better not stay up too late.
5. You needn't rush as there are still two hours left.
6. You didn't have to buy me this present.
7. The baby girl is only one year old, but she is able to walk on her own now.
8. Dare she try this kind of food?
9. I had better do exercise every day to keep fit.
10. The problem needs to be solved immediately
Ⅲ、1.can 2.must 3.shall 4.might 5.took 6．have begun 7.could 8.have left 9.should
10．have taken
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