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2022届高考英语（全国甲卷、乙卷）二轮复习模拟试卷（第四套）
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这是一份2022届高考英语（全国甲卷、乙卷）二轮复习模拟试卷（第四套），文件包含2022年全国甲卷乙卷高考英语二轮复习模拟试卷第四套解析版docx、2022年全国甲卷乙卷高考英语二轮复习模拟试卷第四套原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共21页， 欢迎下载使用。
2022年高考英语二轮复习模拟试卷（第四套）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My favorite books
As a mother of ten children, I’ve collected many good books. My children have learned that if they can’t talk me into buying candy or a toy, they can almost always get me to buy them a book. Here are a few of those favorites:
The Little House series by Laura Ingalls Wilder I guess almost every parent has heard of The Little House series, either by watching it on TV, or by reading the books. Our family has worn out copy after copy of these books. They are a true account of a pioneering family. And they are timeless and well loved.
Little Britches by Ralph Moody These are the adventure stories of a young boy in the early 1900s. His father dies in the first book, and the son takes on the role of helping his mother earn a living. A warning, there are a few bad words in this series, as young Ralph spent much time with cowboys.
Pollyanna by Eleanor H. Porter Pollyanna is an orphan who goes to live with a cruel and greedy aunt. Her mother died young in her life, and her father raised her until his death. They were very poor, but her father taught her to play the “glad game”. After his death and her move to her aunt’s house, she transforms a whole town, including her aunt’s life, by playing the “glad game” with everyone she meets.
The Berenstain Bears by Stan and Jan Berenstain There are many of these books. They are usually teaching books that cover things like manners, not eating junk food, going to the dentist, and many other subjects. Our family has worn out copies of these books over and over again too.
1. Which book is recommended to a child fond of adventure stories?
A. Little Britches. B. Pollyanna.
C. The Berenstain Bears. D. The Little House series.
2. Which author reminds us to stay optimistic in the face of difficulties and drawbacks?
A. Laura Ingalls Wilder. B. Ralph Moody.
C. Eleanor H. Porter. D. Stan and Jan Berenstain.
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. All the books have been selling well.
B. All the books are meant for children.
C. All the books have been adapted for TV series.
D. All the books are about the importance of good manners.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。作为一个10个孩子的母亲，作者收集了许多优秀书籍。文章向读者介绍了其中4本她最喜欢的书。
1. 参考答案A【解析】细节理解题。根据Little Britches by Ralph Moody部分的第一句“These are the adventure stories of a young boy in the early1900s.”可知，Little Britches这本书会受到喜欢看冒险故事的孩子的喜爱，故选A。
2. 参考答案C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三本书的介绍可知，Pollyanna父母早逝，她寄居在冷酷贪婪的姨妈家，爸爸曾经教给她一种游戏，让她保持乐观，故选C。
3. 参考答案B【解析】推理判断题。本文作者是一位妈妈，文章介绍的4本书都是她在养育孩子的过程中给孩子们看的，也是她极力推荐的儿童读物，故选B。
B
The disability supporter, broadcaster, comedian and writer Stella Young died aged 32. The ABC, for whom Young had worked, reported her death on Monday morning. In a statement her family said she died unexpectedly, but in no pain. “With great sadness we accept the passing of Stella Young, our much-loved and irreplaceable daughter and sister,” the statement said. “Our loss is a deeply personal one. We request privacy during this difficult time.”
She was born with osteogenesis imperfecta(成骨不全症), but it did not automatically make her exceptional. “Disability doesn’t make you exceptional, but questioning what you think you know about it does,” she said in a TEDx talk in April. The ABC’s managing director, Mark Scott, said the Victorian was “an unforgettable communicator and an enthusiastic supporter.”
“The nation came to know her through her writing for the ABC, her appearance at TEDx and on Q&A. Stella helped us understand disability issues by sharing with real honesty about her own life… She took great delight in challenging traditional wisdom and lazy thinking.” The former Prime Minister Julia Gillard said on Twitter Young was a “shining light” for action on disability. We mourn her passing and rededicate(再次奉献) ourselves to her spirit.
Those who loved Young were very sad when hearing this bad news. Young was the former editor of the ABC’s disability news and opinion website, Ramp Up. She had been scheduled to record more ABC radio this week. She was a member of numerous disability bodies.
Young was named the best newcomer at this year’s Melbourne International Comedy Festival for her show Tales From The Crip. She was set to tour nationally and take her act to London next year, AAP reported. Friends, ABC news, politicians and disability organizations voiced their sorrow at the news and appreciation of Young’s life.
4. What did Stella Young’s family think of her death?
A. Unexpected and worrying. B. Shocking and frightening.
C. Accidental and heartbreaking. D. Sad but expected.
5. Which of the following can be used to describe Stella Young?
A. Determined but stubborn. B. Kind but shy.
C. Talented but exceptional. D. Broken in body but firm in spirit.
6. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The friendship between Julia Gillard and Stella Young.
B. Julia Gillard’s high praise for Stella Young.
C. Stella Young’s main programs in the ABC.
D. Some information about Stella Young’s illness.
7. It can be inferred that Young had a talent for .
A. theatre B. economics C. politics D. music
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了年仅32岁就去世的残疾人拥护者Stella Young。
4. 参考答案C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句“In a statement her family said she died unexpectedly, but in no pain. ‘With great sadness we accept the passing of Stella Young, our much-loved and irreplaceable daughter and sister,’ the statement said.”可知，Stella Young的家人对她的去世感到意外和悲伤，故选C。
5. 参考答案D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句“She was born with osteogenesis imperfecta, but it did not automatically make her exceptional. ‘Disability doesn’t make you exceptional, but questioning what you think you know about it does,’ she said in a TEDx talk in April.”可知，Stella Young 身残志坚，故选D。
6. 参考答案B【解析】段落大意题。根据本段内容可知，本段主要说的是Julia Gillard对Stella Young的成就给予的高度评价，故选B。
7. 参考答案A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Young was named the best newcomer at this year’s Melbourne International Comedy Festival for her show Tales From The Crip.”可知，Young在戏剧方面有天赋，故选A。
C
The ability to solve math problems is one thing that sets humans apart from the rest of the animal kingdom. However, some animals seem to have basic mathematical ability, too — they can, in a sense, count.
The horse Clever Hans drew worldwide attention. His training showed he could solve math problems, tapping his feet to make a correct choice among choices. Researchers later discovered Clever Hans didn’t actually have mathematical skills. He was unable to answer questions that his questioners also couldn’t answer because Clever Hans was actually reading facial and body information to decide the correct choices.
Researchers showed chimpanzees could add up chocolates in two food bowls (up to five pieces in each bowl), compare it with the total of two other food bowls, and correctly choose the larger of the two totals. Researchers showed rhesus monkeys(猕猴) could quickly count the number of objects on a screen as well as college students could. Lions also appeared to have a number sense. Previous research showed that lions would choose to get close to or pull back from sounds of noisy intruders(入侵者), depending on how many intruders appeared to be noisy and how many members were in their own group.
Bees are often praised for their outstanding cognition(认知), including their decision-making skills and social learning abilities. Scientists have known that the insects could count, at least to 4. Researchers showed honey bees know how far they’ve traveled from their home by counting the number of landmarks along the way and would get confused if researchers changed the number of landmarks on the way. Fish aren’t often known for their intelligence. Yet, these animals also have a number sense: Fish will prefer to choose to join fish schools that have more fish.
Some research shows the number senses may be something certain animals are born with. Whatever the case, our number sense isn’t so special in the animal kingdom. In fact, it may not be something that belongs to just animals: Venus flytraps(捕蝇草) can also “count”.
8. We can infer from the passage that .
A. Clever Hans only had a basic ability of mathematics
B. Clever Hans couldn’t solve math problems by himself
C. the owner taught Clever Hans mathematics before
D. Clever Hans didn’t make any mistakes in the past
9. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Lions will pull back when they hear the sounds from intruders.
B. Rhesus monkeys can count the number of objects on a screen quickly.
C. Bees’ ability of cognition helps them get more honey.
D. Fish are famous for their intelligent memory.
10. How does the writer mainly develop the passage?
A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By giving experiment reports. D. By following the order of kinds.
11. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Bees can count as well as any other kinds of animals. B. Animals are as clever as human beings.
C. The number sense is important in animals’ life. D. Many kinds of creatures do have a number sense.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多物种像人类一样对数字有概念。
8. 参考答案B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“He was unable to answer questions that his questioners also couldn’t answer because Clever Hans was actually reading facial and body information to decide the correct choices.”可知，汉斯无法靠自己解答数学问题，故选B。
9. 参考答案B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Researchers showed rhesus monkeys could quickly count the number of objects on a screen as well as college students could.”可知，猕猴能快速数出屏幕上物体的数量，故选B。
10. 参考答案A【解析】写作手法题。根据文章内容可知，首先，本文开篇点明主题：人类不是唯一有数学能力的物种，部分动物也有基本的数学能力。其次，作者通过列举研究实例证明部分动物也有基本的数学能力：黑猩猩、狮子以及蜜蜂等动物都在生活中表现出对数字的概念。由此可知，作者主要的写作手法是列举实例，故选A。
11. 参考答案D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要围绕许多物种对数字有概念展开，故选D。
D
It isn’t often that zookeepers call on craftspeople for help. But cold weather at the Wildlife SOS Elephant Conservation and Care Center in northern India was putting elephants at risk. So the center’s staff joined forces with locals to find a creative way to keep the animals warm. Now the elephants are stepping out in style, thanks to volunteers who take advantage of their crafting talents to knit enormous sweaters to protect the animals.
Wildlife SOS is a conservation group that has been taking action against animal cruelty and saving wildlife in pain since 1995. Their Elephant Conservation and Care Center is dedicated to rescuing the gentle giants from abuse and exploitation in circuses, illegal hunting, and other circumstances where they have been neglected or treated with extreme cruelty. There are currently 20 elephants living at the center, and the staff hope to take in 50 more of the creatures this year.
Because most of the elephants housed at the center are recovering from injuries or are elderly and weak, they are particularly vulnerable to cold temperatures. When the staff reported near-freezing nighttime temperatures this winter, volunteers from surrounding villages began knitting enormous sweaters to keep the elephants warm. The sweaters are large enough to cover the elephants’ backs, bellies, and legs.
Making the sweaters is a big undertaking — each one takes approximately four weeks to create, with volunteers working together on the huge garments. Still, the volunteers make sure that the knits are not only warm and comfortable, but they are also colorful, and even fashionable. Centered on a common, compassionate goal, the project helps promote a sense of community in all who participate.
12. Why do people make sweaters for the elephants?
A. To help the elephants keep warm. B. To make the elephants step out in style.
C. To show off their outstanding knitting talents. D. To dress the elephants up for performances.
13. How many elephants are expected to live at the center at the end of this year?
A. 20. B. 30. C. 60. D. 70.
14. The underlined part in Para. 3 probably means “ ”.
A. getting used to B. able to deal with
C. easy to be harmed by D. connected with
15. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Elephants are always treated well in India.
B. It takes great trouble to knit sweaters for elephants.
C. Volunteers are often called on to knit sweaters for elephants.
D. Wildlife SOS is an organization that knits sweaters for animals.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。最近，印度的一些志愿者们为大象编制毛衣，使它们免受寒冷天气的折磨。
12. 参考答案A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“But cold weather at the Wildlife SOS Elephant Conservation and Care Center in northern India was putting elephants at risk. So the center’s staff joined forces with locals to find a creative way to keep the animals warm.”可知，志愿者们为大象编制毛衣的目的是让它们免受寒冷天气的折磨，故选A。
13. 参考答案D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“There are currently 20 elephants living at the center, and the staff hope to take in 50 more of the creatures this year.”可知，到今年年底，该中心预计会有70头大象，故选D。
14. 参考答案C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在的句子可知，这些大象有的伤病初愈，有的年老体弱。由此可知，它们抵御不了严寒，在严寒中容易受伤，故选C。
15. 参考答案B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Making the sweaters is a big undertaking — each one takes approximately four weeks to create, with volunteers working together on the huge garments.”可知，给大象织毛衣非常不容易，故选B。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently announced that children under five years old should not spend more than one hour a day watching electronic devices with screens. 16
The new guidelines are somewhat similar to advice from the American Academy of Pediatrics. 17 It says parents of children under age two should choose “high-quality programming” with educational value. Boys and girls should be able to watch the program with a parent and understand what they are seeing.
The guidelines say that children under five should also be physically active and get enough sleep to help develop good lifelong behaviors. 18 “Currently, 40 million children under five around the world are overweight,” a WHO expert Fiona Bull said.
Early childhood is a period of fast physical and mental development during which behaviors are formed and ways of doing things can be changed, noted WHO. “Sedentary(久坐的) behaviors, whether sitting at a desk in school, watching TV or playing inactive screen-based games are increasingly common,” WHO said. 19
Some groups said WHO’s screen time guidelines failed to consider the possible benefits of electronic media. Andrew Przybylski, a professor of the University of Oxford, said that WHO’s screen time advice deals too much with the amount of screen time. “Not all screen time is created equally,” said Przybylski.
20 But the guidelines did note that lack of sleep in children has been linked with increases in extra fat. Shorter periods spent sleeping has been linked with more time spent watching television and playing computer games, it added.
A. This will help prevent disease in later life.
B. Children under age one should not get any screen time at all.
C. It added that such behaviors have been linked to poor health.
D. The new guidelines come from evidence in hundreds of studies.
E. That group recommends children younger than 18 months should avoid screens.
F. WHO did not go into much details about the possible harm caused by too much screen time.
G. Make sure that screen time does not take the place of healthy sleep, exercising and other activities.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。世卫组织发布了一份关于幼儿应花费多长时间使用有电子屏幕的设备的指南。该指南指出，儿童过多观看电子屏幕是有害的。
16. 参考答案B【解析】根据上文“… children under five years old should not spend more than one hour a day watching electronic devices with screens.”可知，5岁以下儿童每天观看有电子屏幕的电子设备的时间不应超过1小时，选项B（1岁以下的儿童根本不应该使用任何电子屏幕）是对上句内容的进一步补充说明。
17. 参考答案E【解析】根据上文“The new guidelines are somewhat similar to advice from the American Academy of Pediatrics.”可知，这份新指南与美国儿科学会的建议有些类似。选项E中的That group指的是前句中的the American Academy of Pediatrics这个组织，而空后的it也是指代这个组织，所以E项承上启下，符合语境。
18. 参考答案A【解析】根据上文“… children under five should also be physically active and get enough sleep to help develop good lifelong behaviors.”可知，5岁以下的儿童还应该积极锻炼身体并保证充足的睡眠，以帮助其养成良好的终生行为习惯，接下来应该说明这样做的好处，选项A（这将有助于在今后的生活中预防疾病）符合语境。
19. 参考答案C【解析】根据上文“Sedentary behaviors, whether sitting at a desk in school, watching TV or playing inactive screen-based games are increasingly common…”可知，久坐行为日益普遍，无论是坐在学校的课桌旁，看电视还是玩电子游戏，选项C［它（该组织）补充说，这类行为与健康不佳有关］指出了前一句所说的情况的危害，符合语境。
20. 参考答案F【解析】根据下文可知，儿童睡眠不足跟额外脂肪增加有关。更短的睡眠时间与更长的看电视和玩电脑游戏的时间有关。选项F（世卫组织没有详细地说明过度使用屏幕可能造成的危害）符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s dark and you’re wet and tired, but jumping into a nice warm bed isn’t an option. 21 some of your friends are staying up late, studying for a test at school tomorrow, you’re taking a(n) 22 of a different sort, and your school is the 23 all around you. You are Zac Sunderland, crossing the Indian Ocean all by yourself on a sailboat.
On 16 July 2009, Zac 24 his boat back to California, the place where he’d 25 just over a year
before. As soon as he 26 , he became the youngest person in history to sail alone around the world. To get this
27 achievement, Zac had overcome countless challenges.
When something 28 on your boat, you have to fix it yourself or figure out how to 29 without it. Fresh food doesn’t last long, so you have to 30 eating freeze-dried meals and lots of canned food. 31 , it’s lonely.
Zac’s experiences at sea were not all 32 . He got the chance to observe a night sky more brilliant than you’ll ever see from 33 , witness beautiful sunrise and sunset, and meet various sea life. His 34 grew long and his muscles got firm.
Zac sailed 35 but not non-stop. He made 36 along the way to resupply his boat with food and fuel. During these stops, he 37 people from different cultures all over the world. Zac kept in touch with his family by e-mail and satellite phone, and his father 38 to meet him in many of his port stops to take him out for a good meal and, sometimes, help 39 the boat.
Congratulations to Zac and fair winds on his next 40 .
21. A. Because B. After C. While D. Unless
22. A. test B. attitude C. chance D. action
23. A. ocean B. atmosphere C. campus D. scenery
24. A. returned B. delivered C. sailed D. transported
25. A. departed B. reached C. searched D. conquered
26. A. left B. began C. traveled D. arrived
27. A. impossible B. amazing C. scientific D. controversial
28. A. disappears B. breaks C. lacks D. damages
29. A. perform B. operate C. swim D. go
30. A. come up with B. look forward to C. feel like D. get used to
31. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead
32. A. miserable B. fantastic C. unforgettable D. mysterious
33. A. space B. desert C. land D. sky
34. A. shoulder B. hair C. fingers D. legs
35. A. eventually B. alone C. continuously D. always
36. A. changes B. mistakes C. decisions D. stops
37. A. invited B. attracted C. employed D. met
38. A. flew B. drove C. floated D. walked
39. A. design B. push C. repair D. manage
40. A. deed B. adventure C. attempt D. competition
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Zac Sunderland历经种种困难，独自完成了环球航行，成为世界上最年轻的独自环球航行的人。
21. 参考答案C【解析】根据语境可知，这里用While引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
22. 参考答案A【解析】根据上文studying for a test at school tomorrow可知，同龄人在学校为考试学习，Zac Sunderland在进行着另一种不同的考试。
23. 参考答案A【解析】根据下句“You are Zac Sunderland, crossing the Indian Ocean all by yourself on a sailboat.”可知，Zac正在努力独自完成环球航行，他的周围是茫茫的海洋。
24. 参考答案C【解析】2009年7月16日，Zac驾着船返回加利福尼亚，独自完成了环球航行。
25. 参考答案A【解析】根据句中的back可知，一年前，Zac驾着船离开了这里，开始了独自环球航行。
26. 参考答案D【解析】根据上文 his boat back to California可知，他回到了加利福尼亚。
27. 参考答案B【解析】Zac独自环球航行，这是一项特别了不起的成就。
28. 参考答案B【解析】根据下文you have to fix it yourself可知，这里是指船上有东西坏了。
29. 参考答案D【解析】根据上下文“When something on your boat, you have to fix it yourself or figure out how to without it.”可知，当船上有东西坏了时，Zac要么自己动手把它修好，要么想办法做到怎样才能不用这个东西。go without是固定用法，意为“没有……也能对付过去”。
30. 参考答案D【解析】根据上文“Fresh food doesn’t last long…”可知，船上新鲜的食物不能久存，所以Zac只能习惯于吃冻干或罐装食物。
31. 参考答案C【解析】这一段讲的是Zac经历的种种困难，前后句之间在意义上是递进关系，故用Besides。
32. 参考答案A【解析】该句是本段的主题句。根据本段的内容可知，Zac的海上经历并不都是痛苦的（miserable）。
33. 参考答案C【解析】根据上文“He got the chance to observe a night sky more brilliant than you’ll ever see from…”可知，在夜晚，Zac在茫茫大海上能看到浩瀚的星空，比在陆地上看到的更闪耀。
34. 参考答案B【解析】根据常识可知，Zac长时间在海上航行，应该是他的头发长得很长。
35. 参考答案B【解析】根据下文but not non-stop可知，Zac独自环球航行，但并不是不间断地航行。
36. 参考答案D【解析】根据上文“Zac sailed but not non-stop.”可知，Zac会沿途停靠，补充食物和燃料。
37. 参考答案D【解析】根据上下文“During these stops, he people from different cultures all over the world.”可知，在沿途停靠港口时，Zac会见到来自不同文化背景的人。
38. 参考答案A【解析】根据常识可知，Zac是在海上航行，所以在他沿途停靠港口时，他的父亲很可能是坐飞机飞到那里和儿子见面。
39. 参考答案C【解析】根据前文“When something on your boat…”可知，Zac的船会出故障，所以他的父亲会帮助他修理。
40. 参考答案B【解析】根据上文内容可知，Zac独自航行，充满了风险，所以肯定是一种冒险行为。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
California is the third 41. (large) state in the USA but has the largest population. It is the most multicultural state in the USA. This is not 42. (surprise) when you know the history of California 43.
has attracted people from 44. (near) every country in the world. No one really knows what time the first
45. (settle) arrived in what we now know as California Scientists believe that the Native Americans reached Alaska 46. means of a land bridge.
In the 18th century, California was ruled by Spain. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority 47.
(be) religious men. In 1848, gold 48. (discover) in California and the dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. In fact, few achieved their dream, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves. In more recent decades, California 49. (become) home to people from Asia. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great 50. there will be no major racial or cultural groups.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的历史。
41. 参考答案 largest【解析】考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的the third可知，此处要用最高级形式。
42. 参考答案 surprising【解析】考查形容词。所填词在句中作表语，要用形容词；再结合句子的主语This可知，本空要填surprising。
43. 参考答案 which／that【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空格后是一个定语从句，修饰California，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which／that。
44. 参考答案 nearly【解析】考查副词。修饰 every要用副词形式。
45. 参考答案 settlers【解析】考查名词。所填词在句中作主语，故用名词形式；根据句意可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。
46. 参考答案by【解析】考查介词。by means of是固定短语，意为“通过……的方式”。
47. 参考答案 were【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据上文的时间状语In the 18thcentury并结合下文可知，动词要用过去式；根据下文的religious men可知，动词要用复数形式。
48. 参考答案 was discovered【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语In 1848可知，要用一般过去时；另外主语gold与动词之间是被动关系，且gold是不可数名词，动词要用单数形式。
49. 参考答案 has become【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语In more recent decades可知，要用现在完成时；句子的主语是California，动词要用单数形式。
50. 参考答案 that【解析】考查状语从句。本句是so… that…句型。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I like sports very much, such as running, skating, playing basketball. But swimming is my most favorite sport.
When I was six years old, my parents often take me to a swimming pool. They taught me how swim. They told me not to be afraid of water, but told me to jump into water bravely. Late I became very interested in swimming. Swimming is real interesting. If you swim in the water, you will look like the lovely fish. I’m sure you will feel very happy. And the most important thing are, if you swim, you’ll be strong.
By the way, I took part in the swimming match holding last week in our town and I was the winner. Dear friends, swimming is really very good on us. Let’s enjoy swimming.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者讲述了游泳的好处。同时回顾了自己学游泳的经历。
第一处：参考答案 第二句去掉most。【解析】逻辑错误。favorite本身具有最高级含义，不与most连用。
第二处：参考答案 第三句take改为took。【解析】时态错误。从句动词用过去式，根据“时态一致”原则，主句动词也要用过去式。
第三处：参考答案 第四句在how后加to。【解析】非谓语错误。how，when，where，who，which等疑问词常与不定式连用，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
第四处：参考答案 第五句but改为and。【解析】连词错误。根据语境可知，上下文是并列关系。
第五处：参考答案 第六句Late改为Later。【解析】副词错误。late晚，迟到；later后来，以后。
第六处：参考答案 第七句real改为really。【解析】形容词错误。修饰形容词 interesting 要用副词。
第七处：参考答案 第八句第二个the改为a。【解析】冠词错误。这里的意思为“看起来像一条可爱的鱼”。
第八处：参考答案 第十句are改为is。【解析】主谓不一致。句子的主语是名词单数，故谓语动词也用单数形式。
第九处：参考答案 第十一句holding改为 held。【解析】非谓语错误。句中hold的非谓语形式作定语，hold与被修饰词match之间是被动关系，且该动作已完成，故用过去分词。
第十处：参考答案 第十二句on改为for或 to。【解析】介词错误。be good for／to 意为“对……有好处／益处”。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你的巴西笔友Sandy来信抱怨她的第一次中国之行受到冷落，新认识的朋友只是与她握手，而不愿与她拥抱。请你写一封回信，一方面向她道歉，另一方面简单解释其原因。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
Dear Sandy,
I’m sorry to hear you didn’t receive a warm welcome while visiting China for the first time. Now I’m writing to make an apology to you and explain the reason.
In fact, it was the difference in our customs that led to your misunderstanding. In your country, you can expect to be hugged when meeting someone. However, in China, it is customary for us to shake hands with each other instead of hugging whenever we meet, even though we are close friends. We’ll feel embarrassed if kissed by others when we meet.
Do you still feel bad about your first visit to China? I hope you will enjoy yourself next time you come here.
Best wishes!
Yours ever,
Li Hua
2022年高考英语二轮复习模拟试卷（第四套）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My favorite books
As a mother of ten children, I’ve collected many good books. My children have learned that if they can’t talk me into buying candy or a toy, they can almost always get me to buy them a book. Here are a few of those favorites:
The Little House series by Laura Ingalls Wilder I guess almost every parent has heard of The Little House series, either by watching it on TV, or by reading the books. Our family has worn out copy after copy of these books. They are a true account of a pioneering family. And they are timeless and well loved.
Little Britches by Ralph Moody These are the adventure stories of a young boy in the early 1900s. His father dies in the first book, and the son takes on the role of helping his mother earn a living. A warning, there are a few bad words in this series, as young Ralph spent much time with cowboys.
Pollyanna by Eleanor H. Porter Pollyanna is an orphan who goes to live with a cruel and greedy aunt. Her mother died young in her life, and her father raised her until his death. They were very poor, but her father taught her to play the “glad game”. After his death and her move to her aunt’s house, she transforms a whole town, including her aunt’s life, by playing the “glad game” with everyone she meets.
The Berenstain Bears by Stan and Jan Berenstain There are many of these books. They are usually teaching books that cover things like manners, not eating junk food, going to the dentist, and many other subjects. Our family has worn out copies of these books over and over again too.
1. Which book is recommended to a child fond of adventure stories?
A. Little Britches. B. Pollyanna.
C. The Berenstain Bears. D. The Little House series.
2. Which author reminds us to stay optimistic in the face of difficulties and drawbacks?
A. Laura Ingalls Wilder. B. Ralph Moody.
C. Eleanor H. Porter. D. Stan and Jan Berenstain.
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. All the books have been selling well.
B. All the books are meant for children.
C. All the books have been adapted for TV series.
D. All the books are about the importance of good manners.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。作为一个10个孩子的母亲，作者收集了许多优秀书籍。文章向读者介绍了其中4本她最喜欢的书。
1. 参考答案A【解析】细节理解题。根据Little Britches by Ralph Moody部分的第一句“These are the adventure stories of a young boy in the early1900s.”可知，Little Britches这本书会受到喜欢看冒险故事的孩子的喜爱，故选A。
2. 参考答案C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三本书的介绍可知，Pollyanna父母早逝，她寄居在冷酷贪婪的姨妈家，爸爸曾经教给她一种游戏，让她保持乐观，故选C。
3. 参考答案B【解析】推理判断题。本文作者是一位妈妈，文章介绍的4本书都是她在养育孩子的过程中给孩子们看的，也是她极力推荐的儿童读物，故选B。
B
The disability supporter, broadcaster, comedian and writer Stella Young died aged 32. The ABC, for whom Young had worked, reported her death on Monday morning. In a statement her family said she died unexpectedly, but in no pain. “With great sadness we accept the passing of Stella Young, our much-loved and irreplaceable daughter and sister,” the statement said. “Our loss is a deeply personal one. We request privacy during this difficult time.”
She was born with osteogenesis imperfecta(成骨不全症), but it did not automatically make her exceptional. “Disability doesn’t make you exceptional, but questioning what you think you know about it does,” she said in a TEDx talk in April. The ABC’s managing director, Mark Scott, said the Victorian was “an unforgettable communicator and an enthusiastic supporter.”
“The nation came to know her through her writing for the ABC, her appearance at TEDx and on Q&A. Stella helped us understand disability issues by sharing with real honesty about her own life… She took great delight in challenging traditional wisdom and lazy thinking.” The former Prime Minister Julia Gillard said on Twitter Young was a “shining light” for action on disability. We mourn her passing and rededicate(再次奉献) ourselves to her spirit.
Those who loved Young were very sad when hearing this bad news. Young was the former editor of the ABC’s disability news and opinion website, Ramp Up. She had been scheduled to record more ABC radio this week. She was a member of numerous disability bodies.
Young was named the best newcomer at this year’s Melbourne International Comedy Festival for her show Tales From The Crip. She was set to tour nationally and take her act to London next year, AAP reported. Friends, ABC news, politicians and disability organizations voiced their sorrow at the news and appreciation of Young’s life.
4. What did Stella Young’s family think of her death?
A. Unexpected and worrying. B. Shocking and frightening.
C. Accidental and heartbreaking. D. Sad but expected.
5. Which of the following can be used to describe Stella Young?
A. Determined but stubborn. B. Kind but shy.
C. Talented but exceptional. D. Broken in body but firm in spirit.
6. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The friendship between Julia Gillard and Stella Young.
B. Julia Gillard’s high praise for Stella Young.
C. Stella Young’s main programs in the ABC.
D. Some information about Stella Young’s illness.
7. It can be inferred that Young had a talent for .
A. theatre B. economics C. politics D. music
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了年仅32岁就去世的残疾人拥护者Stella Young。
4. 参考答案C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句“In a statement her family said she died unexpectedly, but in no pain. ‘With great sadness we accept the passing of Stella Young, our much-loved and irreplaceable daughter and sister,’ the statement said.”可知，Stella Young的家人对她的去世感到意外和悲伤，故选C。
5. 参考答案D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句“She was born with osteogenesis imperfecta, but it did not automatically make her exceptional. ‘Disability doesn’t make you exceptional, but questioning what you think you know about it does,’ she said in a TEDx talk in April.”可知，Stella Young 身残志坚，故选D。
6. 参考答案B【解析】段落大意题。根据本段内容可知，本段主要说的是Julia Gillard对Stella Young的成就给予的高度评价，故选B。
7. 参考答案A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Young was named the best newcomer at this year’s Melbourne International Comedy Festival for her show Tales From The Crip.”可知，Young在戏剧方面有天赋，故选A。
C
The ability to solve math problems is one thing that sets humans apart from the rest of the animal kingdom. However, some animals seem to have basic mathematical ability, too — they can, in a sense, count.
The horse Clever Hans drew worldwide attention. His training showed he could solve math problems, tapping his feet to make a correct choice among choices. Researchers later discovered Clever Hans didn’t actually have mathematical skills. He was unable to answer questions that his questioners also couldn’t answer because Clever Hans was actually reading facial and body information to decide the correct choices.
Researchers showed chimpanzees could add up chocolates in two food bowls (up to five pieces in each bowl), compare it with the total of two other food bowls, and correctly choose the larger of the two totals. Researchers showed rhesus monkeys(猕猴) could quickly count the number of objects on a screen as well as college students could. Lions also appeared to have a number sense. Previous research showed that lions would choose to get close to or pull back from sounds of noisy intruders(入侵者), depending on how many intruders appeared to be noisy and how many members were in their own group.
Bees are often praised for their outstanding cognition(认知), including their decision-making skills and social learning abilities. Scientists have known that the insects could count, at least to 4. Researchers showed honey bees know how far they’ve traveled from their home by counting the number of landmarks along the way and would get confused if researchers changed the number of landmarks on the way. Fish aren’t often known for their intelligence. Yet, these animals also have a number sense: Fish will prefer to choose to join fish schools that have more fish.
Some research shows the number senses may be something certain animals are born with. Whatever the case, our number sense isn’t so special in the animal kingdom. In fact, it may not be something that belongs to just animals: Venus flytraps(捕蝇草) can also “count”.
8. We can infer from the passage that .
A. Clever Hans only had a basic ability of mathematics
B. Clever Hans couldn’t solve math problems by himself
C. the owner taught Clever Hans mathematics before
D. Clever Hans didn’t make any mistakes in the past
9. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Lions will pull back when they hear the sounds from intruders.
B. Rhesus monkeys can count the number of objects on a screen quickly.
C. Bees’ ability of cognition helps them get more honey.
D. Fish are famous for their intelligent memory.
10. How does the writer mainly develop the passage?
A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By giving experiment reports. D. By following the order of kinds.
11. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Bees can count as well as any other kinds of animals. B. Animals are as clever as human beings.
C. The number sense is important in animals’ life. D. Many kinds of creatures do have a number sense.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多物种像人类一样对数字有概念。
8. 参考答案B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“He was unable to answer questions that his questioners also couldn’t answer because Clever Hans was actually reading facial and body information to decide the correct choices.”可知，汉斯无法靠自己解答数学问题，故选B。
9. 参考答案B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Researchers showed rhesus monkeys could quickly count the number of objects on a screen as well as college students could.”可知，猕猴能快速数出屏幕上物体的数量，故选B。
10. 参考答案A【解析】写作手法题。根据文章内容可知，首先，本文开篇点明主题：人类不是唯一有数学能力的物种，部分动物也有基本的数学能力。其次，作者通过列举研究实例证明部分动物也有基本的数学能力：黑猩猩、狮子以及蜜蜂等动物都在生活中表现出对数字的概念。由此可知，作者主要的写作手法是列举实例，故选A。
11. 参考答案D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要围绕许多物种对数字有概念展开，故选D。
D
It isn’t often that zookeepers call on craftspeople for help. But cold weather at the Wildlife SOS Elephant Conservation and Care Center in northern India was putting elephants at risk. So the center’s staff joined forces with locals to find a creative way to keep the animals warm. Now the elephants are stepping out in style, thanks to volunteers who take advantage of their crafting talents to knit enormous sweaters to protect the animals.
Wildlife SOS is a conservation group that has been taking action against animal cruelty and saving wildlife in pain since 1995. Their Elephant Conservation and Care Center is dedicated to rescuing the gentle giants from abuse and exploitation in circuses, illegal hunting, and other circumstances where they have been neglected or treated with extreme cruelty. There are currently 20 elephants living at the center, and the staff hope to take in 50 more of the creatures this year.
Because most of the elephants housed at the center are recovering from injuries or are elderly and weak, they are particularly vulnerable to cold temperatures. When the staff reported near-freezing nighttime temperatures this winter, volunteers from surrounding villages began knitting enormous sweaters to keep the elephants warm. The sweaters are large enough to cover the elephants’ backs, bellies, and legs.
Making the sweaters is a big undertaking — each one takes approximately four weeks to create, with volunteers working together on the huge garments. Still, the volunteers make sure that the knits are not only warm and comfortable, but they are also colorful, and even fashionable. Centered on a common, compassionate goal, the project helps promote a sense of community in all who participate.
12. Why do people make sweaters for the elephants?
A. To help the elephants keep warm. B. To make the elephants step out in style.
C. To show off their outstanding knitting talents. D. To dress the elephants up for performances.
13. How many elephants are expected to live at the center at the end of this year?
A. 20. B. 30. C. 60. D. 70.
14. The underlined part in Para. 3 probably means “ ”.
A. getting used to B. able to deal with
C. easy to be harmed by D. connected with
15. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Elephants are always treated well in India.
B. It takes great trouble to knit sweaters for elephants.
C. Volunteers are often called on to knit sweaters for elephants.
D. Wildlife SOS is an organization that knits sweaters for animals.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。最近，印度的一些志愿者们为大象编制毛衣，使它们免受寒冷天气的折磨。
12. 参考答案A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“But cold weather at the Wildlife SOS Elephant Conservation and Care Center in northern India was putting elephants at risk. So the center’s staff joined forces with locals to find a creative way to keep the animals warm.”可知，志愿者们为大象编制毛衣的目的是让它们免受寒冷天气的折磨，故选A。
13. 参考答案D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“There are currently 20 elephants living at the center, and the staff hope to take in 50 more of the creatures this year.”可知，到今年年底，该中心预计会有70头大象，故选D。
14. 参考答案C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在的句子可知，这些大象有的伤病初愈，有的年老体弱。由此可知，它们抵御不了严寒，在严寒中容易受伤，故选C。
15. 参考答案B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Making the sweaters is a big undertaking — each one takes approximately four weeks to create, with volunteers working together on the huge garments.”可知，给大象织毛衣非常不容易，故选B。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently announced that children under five years old should not spend more than one hour a day watching electronic devices with screens. 16
The new guidelines are somewhat similar to advice from the American Academy of Pediatrics. 17 It says parents of children under age two should choose “high-quality programming” with educational value. Boys and girls should be able to watch the program with a parent and understand what they are seeing.
The guidelines say that children under five should also be physically active and get enough sleep to help develop good lifelong behaviors. 18 “Currently, 40 million children under five around the world are overweight,” a WHO expert Fiona Bull said.
Early childhood is a period of fast physical and mental development during which behaviors are formed and ways of doing things can be changed, noted WHO. “Sedentary(久坐的) behaviors, whether sitting at a desk in school, watching TV or playing inactive screen-based games are increasingly common,” WHO said. 19
Some groups said WHO’s screen time guidelines failed to consider the possible benefits of electronic media. Andrew Przybylski, a professor of the University of Oxford, said that WHO’s screen time advice deals too much with the amount of screen time. “Not all screen time is created equally,” said Przybylski.
20 But the guidelines did note that lack of sleep in children has been linked with increases in extra fat. Shorter periods spent sleeping has been linked with more time spent watching television and playing computer games, it added.
A. This will help prevent disease in later life.
B. Children under age one should not get any screen time at all.
C. It added that such behaviors have been linked to poor health.
D. The new guidelines come from evidence in hundreds of studies.
E. That group recommends children younger than 18 months should avoid screens.
F. WHO did not go into much details about the possible harm caused by too much screen time.
G. Make sure that screen time does not take the place of healthy sleep, exercising and other activities.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。世卫组织发布了一份关于幼儿应花费多长时间使用有电子屏幕的设备的指南。该指南指出，儿童过多观看电子屏幕是有害的。
16. 参考答案B【解析】根据上文“… children under five years old should not spend more than one hour a day watching electronic devices with screens.”可知，5岁以下儿童每天观看有电子屏幕的电子设备的时间不应超过1小时，选项B（1岁以下的儿童根本不应该使用任何电子屏幕）是对上句内容的进一步补充说明。
17. 参考答案E【解析】根据上文“The new guidelines are somewhat similar to advice from the American Academy of Pediatrics.”可知，这份新指南与美国儿科学会的建议有些类似。选项E中的That group指的是前句中的the American Academy of Pediatrics这个组织，而空后的it也是指代这个组织，所以E项承上启下，符合语境。
18. 参考答案A【解析】根据上文“… children under five should also be physically active and get enough sleep to help develop good lifelong behaviors.”可知，5岁以下的儿童还应该积极锻炼身体并保证充足的睡眠，以帮助其养成良好的终生行为习惯，接下来应该说明这样做的好处，选项A（这将有助于在今后的生活中预防疾病）符合语境。
19. 参考答案C【解析】根据上文“Sedentary behaviors, whether sitting at a desk in school, watching TV or playing inactive screen-based games are increasingly common…”可知，久坐行为日益普遍，无论是坐在学校的课桌旁，看电视还是玩电子游戏，选项C［它（该组织）补充说，这类行为与健康不佳有关］指出了前一句所说的情况的危害，符合语境。
20. 参考答案F【解析】根据下文可知，儿童睡眠不足跟额外脂肪增加有关。更短的睡眠时间与更长的看电视和玩电脑游戏的时间有关。选项F（世卫组织没有详细地说明过度使用屏幕可能造成的危害）符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s dark and you’re wet and tired, but jumping into a nice warm bed isn’t an option. 21 some of your friends are staying up late, studying for a test at school tomorrow, you’re taking a(n) 22 of a different sort, and your school is the 23 all around you. You are Zac Sunderland, crossing the Indian Ocean all by yourself on a sailboat.
On 16 July 2009, Zac 24 his boat back to California, the place where he’d 25 just over a year
before. As soon as he 26 , he became the youngest person in history to sail alone around the world. To get this
27 achievement, Zac had overcome countless challenges.
When something 28 on your boat, you have to fix it yourself or figure out how to 29 without it. Fresh food doesn’t last long, so you have to 30 eating freeze-dried meals and lots of canned food. 31 , it’s lonely.
Zac’s experiences at sea were not all 32 . He got the chance to observe a night sky more brilliant than you’ll ever see from 33 , witness beautiful sunrise and sunset, and meet various sea life. His 34 grew long and his muscles got firm.
Zac sailed 35 but not non-stop. He made 36 along the way to resupply his boat with food and fuel. During these stops, he 37 people from different cultures all over the world. Zac kept in touch with his family by e-mail and satellite phone, and his father 38 to meet him in many of his port stops to take him out for a good meal and, sometimes, help 39 the boat.
Congratulations to Zac and fair winds on his next 40 .
21. A. Because B. After C. While D. Unless
22. A. test B. attitude C. chance D. action
23. A. ocean B. atmosphere C. campus D. scenery
24. A. returned B. delivered C. sailed D. transported
25. A. departed B. reached C. searched D. conquered
26. A. left B. began C. traveled D. arrived
27. A. impossible B. amazing C. scientific D. controversial
28. A. disappears B. breaks C. lacks D. damages
29. A. perform B. operate C. swim D. go
30. A. come up with B. look forward to C. feel like D. get used to
31. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead
32. A. miserable B. fantastic C. unforgettable D. mysterious
33. A. space B. desert C. land D. sky
34. A. shoulder B. hair C. fingers D. legs
35. A. eventually B. alone C. continuously D. always
36. A. changes B. mistakes C. decisions D. stops
37. A. invited B. attracted C. employed D. met
38. A. flew B. drove C. floated D. walked
39. A. design B. push C. repair D. manage
40. A. deed B. adventure C. attempt D. competition
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Zac Sunderland历经种种困难，独自完成了环球航行，成为世界上最年轻的独自环球航行的人。
21. 参考答案C【解析】根据语境可知，这里用While引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
22. 参考答案A【解析】根据上文studying for a test at school tomorrow可知，同龄人在学校为考试学习，Zac Sunderland在进行着另一种不同的考试。
23. 参考答案A【解析】根据下句“You are Zac Sunderland, crossing the Indian Ocean all by yourself on a sailboat.”可知，Zac正在努力独自完成环球航行，他的周围是茫茫的海洋。
24. 参考答案C【解析】2009年7月16日，Zac驾着船返回加利福尼亚，独自完成了环球航行。
25. 参考答案A【解析】根据句中的back可知，一年前，Zac驾着船离开了这里，开始了独自环球航行。
26. 参考答案D【解析】根据上文 his boat back to California可知，他回到了加利福尼亚。
27. 参考答案B【解析】Zac独自环球航行，这是一项特别了不起的成就。
28. 参考答案B【解析】根据下文you have to fix it yourself可知，这里是指船上有东西坏了。
29. 参考答案D【解析】根据上下文“When something on your boat, you have to fix it yourself or figure out how to without it.”可知，当船上有东西坏了时，Zac要么自己动手把它修好，要么想办法做到怎样才能不用这个东西。go without是固定用法，意为“没有……也能对付过去”。
30. 参考答案D【解析】根据上文“Fresh food doesn’t last long…”可知，船上新鲜的食物不能久存，所以Zac只能习惯于吃冻干或罐装食物。
31. 参考答案C【解析】这一段讲的是Zac经历的种种困难，前后句之间在意义上是递进关系，故用Besides。
32. 参考答案A【解析】该句是本段的主题句。根据本段的内容可知，Zac的海上经历并不都是痛苦的（miserable）。
33. 参考答案C【解析】根据上文“He got the chance to observe a night sky more brilliant than you’ll ever see from…”可知，在夜晚，Zac在茫茫大海上能看到浩瀚的星空，比在陆地上看到的更闪耀。
34. 参考答案B【解析】根据常识可知，Zac长时间在海上航行，应该是他的头发长得很长。
35. 参考答案B【解析】根据下文but not non-stop可知，Zac独自环球航行，但并不是不间断地航行。
36. 参考答案D【解析】根据上文“Zac sailed but not non-stop.”可知，Zac会沿途停靠，补充食物和燃料。
37. 参考答案D【解析】根据上下文“During these stops, he people from different cultures all over the world.”可知，在沿途停靠港口时，Zac会见到来自不同文化背景的人。
38. 参考答案A【解析】根据常识可知，Zac是在海上航行，所以在他沿途停靠港口时，他的父亲很可能是坐飞机飞到那里和儿子见面。
39. 参考答案C【解析】根据前文“When something on your boat…”可知，Zac的船会出故障，所以他的父亲会帮助他修理。
40. 参考答案B【解析】根据上文内容可知，Zac独自航行，充满了风险，所以肯定是一种冒险行为。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
California is the third 41. (large) state in the USA but has the largest population. It is the most multicultural state in the USA. This is not 42. (surprise) when you know the history of California 43.
has attracted people from 44. (near) every country in the world. No one really knows what time the first
45. (settle) arrived in what we now know as California Scientists believe that the Native Americans reached Alaska 46. means of a land bridge.
In the 18th century, California was ruled by Spain. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority 47.
(be) religious men. In 1848, gold 48. (discover) in California and the dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. In fact, few achieved their dream, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves. In more recent decades, California 49. (become) home to people from Asia. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great 50. there will be no major racial or cultural groups.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的历史。
41. 参考答案 largest【解析】考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的the third可知，此处要用最高级形式。
42. 参考答案 surprising【解析】考查形容词。所填词在句中作表语，要用形容词；再结合句子的主语This可知，本空要填surprising。
43. 参考答案 which／that【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空格后是一个定语从句，修饰California，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which／that。
44. 参考答案 nearly【解析】考查副词。修饰 every要用副词形式。
45. 参考答案 settlers【解析】考查名词。所填词在句中作主语，故用名词形式；根据句意可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。
46. 参考答案by【解析】考查介词。by means of是固定短语，意为“通过……的方式”。
47. 参考答案 were【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据上文的时间状语In the 18thcentury并结合下文可知，动词要用过去式；根据下文的religious men可知，动词要用复数形式。
48. 参考答案 was discovered【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语In 1848可知，要用一般过去时；另外主语gold与动词之间是被动关系，且gold是不可数名词，动词要用单数形式。
49. 参考答案 has become【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语In more recent decades可知，要用现在完成时；句子的主语是California，动词要用单数形式。
50. 参考答案 that【解析】考查状语从句。本句是so… that…句型。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I like sports very much, such as running, skating, playing basketball. But swimming is my most favorite sport.
When I was six years old, my parents often take me to a swimming pool. They taught me how swim. They told me not to be afraid of water, but told me to jump into water bravely. Late I became very interested in swimming. Swimming is real interesting. If you swim in the water, you will look like the lovely fish. I’m sure you will feel very happy. And the most important thing are, if you swim, you’ll be strong.
By the way, I took part in the swimming match holding last week in our town and I was the winner. Dear friends, swimming is really very good on us. Let’s enjoy swimming.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者讲述了游泳的好处。同时回顾了自己学游泳的经历。
第一处：参考答案 第二句去掉most。【解析】逻辑错误。favorite本身具有最高级含义，不与most连用。
第二处：参考答案 第三句take改为took。【解析】时态错误。从句动词用过去式，根据“时态一致”原则，主句动词也要用过去式。
第三处：参考答案 第四句在how后加to。【解析】非谓语错误。how，when，where，who，which等疑问词常与不定式连用，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
第四处：参考答案 第五句but改为and。【解析】连词错误。根据语境可知，上下文是并列关系。
第五处：参考答案 第六句Late改为Later。【解析】副词错误。late晚，迟到；later后来，以后。
第六处：参考答案 第七句real改为really。【解析】形容词错误。修饰形容词 interesting 要用副词。
第七处：参考答案 第八句第二个the改为a。【解析】冠词错误。这里的意思为“看起来像一条可爱的鱼”。
第八处：参考答案 第十句are改为is。【解析】主谓不一致。句子的主语是名词单数，故谓语动词也用单数形式。
第九处：参考答案 第十一句holding改为 held。【解析】非谓语错误。句中hold的非谓语形式作定语，hold与被修饰词match之间是被动关系，且该动作已完成，故用过去分词。
第十处：参考答案 第十二句on改为for或 to。【解析】介词错误。be good for／to 意为“对……有好处／益处”。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你的巴西笔友Sandy来信抱怨她的第一次中国之行受到冷落，新认识的朋友只是与她握手，而不愿与她拥抱。请你写一封回信，一方面向她道歉，另一方面简单解释其原因。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
Dear Sandy,
I’m sorry to hear you didn’t receive a warm welcome while visiting China for the first time. Now I’m writing to make an apology to you and explain the reason.
In fact, it was the difference in our customs that led to your misunderstanding. In your country, you can expect to be hugged when meeting someone. However, in China, it is customary for us to shake hands with each other instead of hugging whenever we meet, even though we are close friends. We’ll feel embarrassed if kissed by others when we meet.
Do you still feel bad about your first visit to China? I hope you will enjoy yourself next time you come here.
Best wishes!
Yours ever,
Li Hua
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