2022届高考英语（全国甲卷、乙卷）二轮复习模拟试卷（第十四套）

2022年高考英语二轮复习模拟试卷（第十四套）

第一部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

1. What can you enjoy in the cuisine tour?

A. Acquiring cooking skills.       B. Tasting food with Chef Tova.

C. Exploring the city of Paris.       D. Experiencing a virtual flight.

2. Which event appeals to those interested in physical exercise?

A. Studio BFPL: Holiday Edition.       B. Workout From Home w/NYFITFEST.

C. A Cuisine Tour Of Paris With Chef Tova.    D. Stand Up NY Drive In Starring Ahri Findling.

3. What do the last two events have in common?

A. They’re about performing arts.       B. They’re virtual events.

C. They’re mainly aimed at families.      D. They’re free of charge.

B

Like many of us, Brittney Woodrum had a lot of plans for 2020. The University of Denver graduate student was going to travel the world and continue her work for the various non-governmental organizations (NGOs) she’d been working for before graduate school. However, when a serious infectious disease started, Woodrum began to accept that her travel plans would have to be put on hold. But what she couldn’t accept was staying at home and “waiting this thing out”.

So, the Kentucky native began to look for an organization she could partner with to get the most out of her newly flexible schedule. She quickly found and committed to ShelterBox — a mostly volunteer-run organization that provides emergency shelter and tools for displaced families around the world — recognized internationally by the green box which physically holds the relief products. She joined as an ambassadress and learned that participating in physically challenging projects with the bluish-green box was central to the organization’s mission(使命).

As a hiker and lover of the outdoors, the 27-year-old decided she was going to climb all 58 of Colorado’s 14,000 feet mountains with the goal of raising awareness and funding for families around the world who have lost their homes and are now facing the threat of the disease. 78 days and nearly 600 miles of hiking later, Woodrum raised $ 85,000 from friends, family and strangers around the world. All while carrying the symbolic — and useful — 14-pound box.

Woodrum said because the project came together so quickly, she didn’t think she would raise more than $ 5,000. “Word seemed to spread very quickly and a lot of people were equally moved by ShelterBox’s mission and what I was doing,” she said. “I have a large amount of gratitude to everyone who came out to support me both virtually and physically.”

The journey was not easy. “There were a lot of variables(可变因素) involved,” she said. “From the weather to my health and well-being. I am so relieved that everything went better than expected.”

4. What can we learn about ShelterBox?

A. Its goal is to rebuild homes for the homeless.    B. It is an official disaster relief organization.

C. It often sets a tight schedule for its ambassadors.    D. Its ambassadors should carry green boxes for tasks.

5. Which of the following can best describe Woodrum?

A. Reliable and intelligent.        B. Generous and flexible.

C. Adventurous and sympathetic.       D. Creative and determined.

6. How did Woodrum feel about the result of her project?

A. Confident.    B. Unexpected.    C. Unsatisfied.    D. Confused.

7. What is the best title for the text?

A. Hard Journey to Raise Money       B. New Plan of Brittney Woodrum

C. ShelterBox Stands by Poor Families     D. Student Climbs Mountains for Charity

C

In the movie Ant-Man, the tide character can shrink in size and travel by flying on the back of an insect. Now researchers at the University of Washington (UW) have developed a tiny wireless camera that can also ride aboard an insect, giving everyone a chance to see an Ant-Man view of the world.

Typical small cameras, such as those used in smartphones, use a lot of power to take wide-angle, high-resolution (高分辨率的) photos, and that doesn’t work on insects. While the cameras themselves are lightweight, the batteries they need to support them make the overall system too cumbersome for insects — or insect-sized robots — to carry around. So the team took a lesson from biology.

“Similar to cameras, vision in animals requires a lot of power,” said co-author Sawyer Fuller, a UW assistant professor of Mechanical Engineering. “It’s less of a big deal in larger creatures like humans, but flies are using 10% to 20% of their resting energy just to power their brains, most of which is devoted to visual processing. To help cut the cost, some flies have a small, high-resolution region of their compound eyes.”

The researchers attached their removable system to the backs of two different types of beetles(甲虫) — a death-pretending beetle and a Pinacate beetle. Similar beetles have been known to be able to carry loads heavier than half a gram, the researchers said. “We made sure the beetles could still move properly when they were carrying our system,” said co-lead author Ali Najafi, a UW doctoral student in Electrical and Computer Engineering. The beetles also lived for at least a year after the experiment ended.

“We added a small accelerometer(加速度计) to our system to be able to detect when the beetle moves. Then the camera only takes images during that time, and we could record for six hours or more,” Sawyer said. “If the camera is just continuously streaming without this accelerometer, we could record one to two hours before the battery dies.”

8. Why is Ant-Man mentioned in the first paragraph?

A. To stress its scene is amazing.       B. To introduce the topic of the text.

C. To show the movie becomes a reality.      D. To describe the ant’s view of the world.

9. What does the underlined word “cumbersome” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Heavy.     B. Large.     C. Complex.     D. Dangerous.

10. What do the researchers learn from insects for the camera?

A. How to expand its field of view.      B. How to keep track of its objects.

C. How to save power of its battery.      D. How to understand its visual processing.

11. What is the function of the accelerometer?

A. Accelerating the camera’s movement.     B. Taking photos with higher resolution.

C. Detecting the beetles’ surroundings.      D. Lengthening the camera’s working time.

D

Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.

The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment(沉淀物) from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. This would have been in the Cretaceous Period, when dinosaurs were the main land animals. The sediment was removed by scientists on the research icebreaker RV Polarstern in the Amundsen Sea near Pine Island Glacier.

Johann Klages is a geologist with the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research in Germany. He was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journal Nature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.

The researchers estimate that the area — about 900 kilometers from the South Pole — had average yearly temperatures of about 12 to 13 degrees Celsius. During the warmest summer months, average temperatures likely reached between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. The soil included fine dirt particles(颗粒) and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Klages added that the plants included trees, ferns and flowering plants. While no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles(爬行动物) and many insects in the environment.

The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth has experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment in Antarctica was especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely.

12. How did the researchers come to their findings?

A. By collecting data on climate.       B. By researching special plants.

C. By exploring ice in Antarctica.       D. By analyzing the Earth sediment.

13. What did the researchers say about the sediment?

A. Its material developed in the ocean.      B. Its material formed on the land.

C. It dates back to cold times in Antarctica.     D. It contained different animal remains.

14. What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?

A. There were ice sheets 140 million years ago.   

B. Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.

C. Antarctica’s natural environment has changed greatly. 

D. Polar nights in Antarctica are getting shorter than before.

15. What is the main idea of the text?

A. Antarctica is getting rather warmer like before.   B. Various wildlife once existed in Antarctica.

C. Antarctica had quite a different history of climate.  D. Researchers study the secrets of Antarctica.

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

People-pleasers are those who try hard to make others happy. They will often go out of their way to please someone.

  16  . When they’re asked to do something or to help someone, they often feel forced to say yes, even if it means taking their own valuable time or resources away from them.

  17  . However, what separates people-pleasing from a healthy agreement is that after the fact, the people-pleaser will feel “trapped” or “stuck” doing something that they actually don’t want to do. If you’re feeling this way, then it is a sign that you made the wrong choice.

People-pleasing, while intended to make others happy, is a barrier to true closeness. Constantly giving in and trying to give the person what they want without sharing your true feelings will only create the opposite effect.   18  , but the truth is that it only creates distance over time.

Sometimes you trick yourself into thinking that you are doing this because it is “noble” or “admirable”, but if the pattern continues in the relationship, you will likely suffer emotionally and start to feel angry at the people in your life.

  19  , if pleasing others leads you to deny how you really feel. And as long as you give in without checking with yourself, you’ll waste more opportunities to develop or save the relationship.

People respect you more when you are clear about your boundaries, personal values and goals. Take the time you need to think things through, dig deeper, and then make the right decision. Say yes to yourself first.   20  .

A. Remember that saying no has its benefits

B. Agreeing to help someone isn’t a problem

C. You must value your own thoughts and feelings

D. You think you’re doing it to improve the relationship

E. Then you’ll find the confidence to make a healthy choice

F. They always put the needs of others ahead of their own as well

G. You will end up feeling upset, unappreciated or misunderstood

第二部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I was at the bus stop, on my way to the lab where I was a postdoctoral fellow. It was   21   like any other morning. Bui something began to   22   inside me as I watched the people around me — headphones hanging from their ears, eyes   23  , unsmiling faces. They looked   24  . And I realized I was one of them. Suddenly, I could no longer   25   my work life and booked a one-way ticket to fly home.

Over the years, I had grown more   26  . Those who could have been collaborators(合作者) became competitors I   27  . But the effect of this competition was exactly the   28   of what I had hoped for. So I began to feel alone and   29  . I became less and less productive in my scientific work. I   30   my breaking point that day at the bus stop. The   31   had to end. I emailed my professors, explaining that I had put the   32   first and myself second for too long.

Back home, I   33   my family and friends about my problems. I also started to receive some emails from my

  34   — I guessed they expected me to join them again soon. After a few   35   asking how I was, in the emails many expressed their stress of academic life. Vulnerable(脆弱的) researchers were   36   their heads out of their shells(壳). I understand that we all   37   sometimes, and that vulnerability and collaboration can be more

  38   than competition. In fact, it can be a   39  , instead of one where one side gains while the other side loses. Working with others and   40   help doesn’t make my contributions unimportant; it means we can all succeed.

21. A. never      B. just      C. even      D. already

22. A. awaken     B. argue      C. settle      D. disappear

23. A. cast away     B. cast off     C. cast down     D. cast around

24. A. unfriendly     B. unhealthy     C. loose      D. upset

25. A. continue     B. balance     C. improve     D. predict

26. A. mature      B. academic     C. competitive    D. positive

27. A. disliked     B. ignored     C. disbelieved    D. rejected

28. A. outcome     B. choice     C. case      D. opposite

29. A. disappointed    B. lost      C. ashamed     D. guilty

30. A. spotted     B. marked     C. hit      D. realized

31. A. play      B. race      C. loneliness     D. prejudice

32. A. evaluation     B. reputation     C. production     D. occupation

33. A. got along with    B. kept away from    C. stood up for    D. opened up to

34. A. workmates     B. friends     C. teammates     D. sponsors

35. A. jokes      B. lines      C. calls      D. emails

36. A. shaking     B. sticking     C. scratching     D. spinning

37. A. fail      B. regret      C. struggle     D. hesitate

38. A. powerful     B. familiar     C. painful     D. popular

39. A. different story    B. non-controversial case  C. close finish    D. win-win game

40. A. offering     B. praising     C. seeking     D. refusing

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Earth Day was first created in 1970. Fast forward over 50 years, and 41.            started as a grassroots movement has exploded into an international day of attention and activism 42.           (commit) to preserving the environment. According to the Earth Day Network (EDN), one of the largest activist 43.           (body) organizing Earth Day events, millions of people across the globe celebrate Earth Day in different ways.

A series of critical environmental issues helped give birth to 44.            environmental movement. Rachel Carson’s book Silent Spring was published in 1962. It brought to light the 45.           (danger) use of a pesticide(杀虫剂) called DDT which 46.           (pollute) rivers and destroying the eggs of birds like bald eagles. Then, in 1969, a large oil leak near the Santa Barbara County coast urged the then Senator Gaylord Nelson 47.           (put) Earth Day on the national stage.

In the past years since the first Earth Day, there 48.           ( be) a large number of major environmental wins. Protection has been put in place on everything 49.            clean water to endangered species.

The theme of Earth Day 2021 is “Restore Our Earth”, because of the new trend towards 50.           (primary) looking at natural system processes and green technologies to restore our Mother Earth.

第三部分  写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节  短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Hello, everyone. We’re senior three students now, and it’s time that every one of us starts considering what to do after our graduation. As the rapid development of our society, there are more and more jobs to choose from. But which ones suit us better? Some jobs may seem dull and they are vital to our society. Other might appear exciting. But actually, they are difficult and bored, and sometimes cause huge pressure to those which are involved in them. As result, when we think about our future career, we should realize the important of all jobs. Please remember they together to help our society function well.

第二节  书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是某国际学校陶艺社团（Pottery club）的负责人李华，请你为英语班会写一篇发言稿，分享社团上周的活动。要点如下：

1. 活动时间、地点；

2. 活动内容；

3. 活动感受。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。