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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration同步达标检测题
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这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration同步达标检测题，共11页。
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He began studying (政治) and Chinese histry.
2.Nw a special TV netwrk gives live (新闻报道)f mst races.
3.T attract investrs, the lcal gvernment has adjusted its (税)and labur laws.
4.Yu are asked t swallw a (胶囊)cntaining vitamin B.
5.He pcketed mre mney frm this (锦标赛)than in his entire three years as a prfessinal.
6.I usually have my (笔记本电脑) resting n my knee and cnnect it t the lcal wireless netwrk.
7.The dctr will see yu again next week. (与此同时), yu must rest as much as pssible.
8.Attracted by the beauty f the music, the audience almst frgt t a when the pianist finished it.
9.Many graduates sught emplyment in engineering, educatin, medicine and a wide variety f ther p .
10.Yu have dialed the wrng number. Please lk up the crrect number in the telephne d .
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.As lng as yur cmpetitr is up fr the challenge, yu might as well g it.
2.In the 1960s, the Beatles packed up their electric guitars and drum kits, and set fr America.
3.We listened t the news with a (mix) f surprise and hrrr.
4.N sner had M Yan stepped n the stage than the audience brke int thunderus (applaud) .
5.The bys may have a chance t becme (prfessin) sccer players and play an imprtant part in China's sccer field.
6.The year 2008 saw the successful launch f China's Shenzhu-7 (man) spacecraft.
7.Whether law remains a gd career chice fr wmen remains (see).
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.他吃惊地发现他所有的个人信息都被公开了。
He was astnished that all his persnal infrmatin had been expsed t the public.
2.减少工业污染和净化水花了多年的努力。
It tk years f effrt the industrial pllutin and clean the water.
3.被邀请参加这次会议我感到荣幸。
It is an hnr fr me attend the meeting.
4.我们认为使我们的国家变得更好是我们的责任。
We feel it ur duty ur cuntry better.
5.下周举行的会议一定会取得巨大的成功。
The meeting next week is sure t be a great success.
6.人们呼吁当地政府采取有效的措施来控制雾霾。
Peple call n the lcal gvernment effective measures
the fg and haze.
7.据说他被一所名牌大学录取了,为此他努力学习了三年。
He is said a famus university, fr which he has studied hard fr three years.
8.他匆匆忙忙赶到车站,竟发现火车已经离开了。
He hurried t the statin,nly the train had left.
9.由于有许多难题要解决,新任总统的日子过得很艰难。
With a lt f difficult prblems , the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
10.请勿携带易燃、易爆或其他危险物品进入缆车。
Yu are nt allwed flammable, explsive r ther dangerus things int the cable car.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021广东深圳高二调研,)
The ceans are where life n Earth began and they cntinue t be hme t an incredibly wide range f species. It has been estimated that there are arund 230,000 different marine species, but sme marine bilgists think that there culd well be species ten times that number still waiting t be discvered.
Oceans have always played an imprtant part in human life. They perfrm many functins. Since the beginning f time ceans have prvided the wrld with a transprt netwrk fr gds and peple. That's why mst f the majr cities f the wrld are clse t the sea. Cuntless numbers f peple frm ther cuntries have travelled the seas t find a new and better life, and meanwhile thers have been transprted very much against their will, the evil slave trade being a case in pint. Wrld trade has always depended n cean transprt and the wrld's navies grw up in rder t prtect the sea trade rutes.
The cean has traditinally been a surce f nutritius fd, but sadly the general view has always been that what is there is fr the taking. There has been little regard fr sustainability(可持续性)and in the wrds f Greenpeace, we are nw damaging ur ceans n a scale unimaginable t mst peple.
Large cmmercial fishing bats catch everything, but nt everything is wanted r allwed due t sme restrictins and a lt f dead fish are thrwn back int the sea.The whle marine ecsystem can be wiped ut as huge nets are dragged acrss the cean flr, destrying the cean flr frever.
Overfishing in this way des nt enable the fish t sustain their ppulatin. As a result, numbers decrease until the pint is reached where there are n lnger any fish left t catch. Sme species have been hunted t extinctin and sme are almst n the edge. It is said that due t verfishing, large predatry(捕食性的)fish, like cd and tuna, are dwn t the last 10% f their riginal number.
1.What d we knw frm Paragraph 1?
A.We have knwn enugh abut cean life.
B.We need mre explratin f cean life.
C.2,300,000 marine species have been discvered.
D.230,000 marine species are expected t be discvered.
2.Why are mst f the large cities clse t the sea?
A.T attract mre and mre visitrs.
B.T appreciate the beautiful sights.
C.Fr the natural resurces in the sea.
D.Fr the cnvenience f transprtatin.
3.What's peple's general attitude t the cean?
A.Making use f cean life wisely.
B.Treating cean life in a friendly way.
C.Paying much attentin t its sustainability.
D.Getting whatever they like frm the cean.
4.What can we infer frm the last tw paragraphs?
A.The sustainability f ceans is imprtant.
B.The extinctin f sme species is nrmal.
C.Ocean life ffers much t us human beings.
D.Overfishing has led t n mre fish species.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019山东德州高二下期末,)
MacArthur's lve fr sailing dates back t the time when she was just 4 years ld, when she first gt the pprtunity t have a try n a bat. “It 1 me that this bat had everything we needed t take us anywhere in the wrld. And that pened up everything and made me feel the greatest sense f 2 ,” she explained.
This experience 3 a passin within MacArthur—she wanted t sail arund the wrld. Grwing up in the cuntryside, she had n idea hw t 4 it. Hwever, she knew that was what she wanted t d at sme stage. S she acquired knwledge and 5 fr years t seek her dream f sailing. Having merely ptates and beans every day fr eight years, she 6 culd affrd the right equipment. By reaching such
7 gals and asking technical questins abut 8 , MacArthur felt as thugh she was getting 9 t her ambitin.
“The impssible culd be pssible and 10 high is nt necessarily such a crazy thing t d,” she said. And it seems that MacArthur's 11 t becme a sailr went beynd her expectatins. At the age f 24, she started t 12 the media attentin after taking secnd place in the Vendée Glbe, an arund-the-wrld single-handed nn-stp yacht (帆船)race.
Fur years later, MacArthur chse t sail fr 71 days and 14 hurs,
13 mre than 26,000 miles. This led her t set a new recrd. 14 this recrd has been surpassed (超过),MacArthur is still cnsidered as Britain's mst successful ffshre racer.
S when yu knw where yu're ging, yu can actually get there—even if it seems 15 !
B.struck C.taught D.treated
B.magic C.directin D.freedm
B.left C.carried D.invented
B.gain
C.achieveD.frget
upB.saved up
C.turned upD.picked up
B.frtunately
C.graduallyD.definitely
B.financial
C.finalD.academic
B.sailing
C.drivingD.business
B.deeper
C.clserD.smarter
B.designing
C.meaningD.aiming
B.mind
C.cnfidenceD.plan
B.receive
C.enjyD.keep
B.reaching
C.cveringD.flating
B.When
C.WhetherD.While
B.cnstant
C.valuableD.available
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020黑龙江牡东部地区四校联考高二上期末,)
Yu may lve ging t the beach, having fun in the waves, surfing and enjying the sun and the sand. But what d yu knw abut beaches?
1 (actual), beaches are made up f small lse rcks, 2 turn int sand and get tgether n the shres f a bdy f water. But hw are they made? Well, they 3 (create) by waves r currents (水流). A current is like a large river inside the cean that ften 4 (flw) frm ne place t the next. These currents are caused by changes in temperature as well as the wind.
The shape f the beach depends n hw the waves mve arund. Sme waves mve things up the beach and thers mve things dwn the beach. On 5 (sand) beaches, the waves mve sand away frm the beach, 6 (make) gentle slpes (斜坡). If a wave is nt strng enugh 7 (mve) sand away, yu will get a steeper beach.
Tday, with the 8 (appear) f beach twns, mre and mre peple prefer t spend their hlidays n the beach. If yu want t have 9 wnderful time at the beach, then lk fr a beach that has a Blue Flag because it is usually safer and has a higher standard 10 water quality.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案全解全析
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Part 2 Learning Abut Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.cverage 3.tax 4.capsule 5.turnament
6.laptp 7.Meanwhile 8.applaud 9.prfessins 10.directry
Ⅱ 考查介词。句意:只要你的竞争对手愿意接受挑战,你不妨努力争取一下。g fr sth.意为“努力争取某物”。
2.ff/ut 考查副词。句意:在20世纪60年代,甲壳虫乐队收拾起他们的电吉他和架子鼓,出发去了美国。set ff/ut fr...意为“动身去……”。
3.mixture 考查名词。句意:我们怀着惊恐交加的心情听了这则消息。根据空前的不定冠词a和空后的介词f判断此处应该填名词mixture。
4.applause 考查名词。句意:莫言一上台,观众就发出了雷鸣般的掌声。根据空前形容词thunderus可知,空处应填入名词applause。
5.prfessinal 考查形容词。句意:这些男孩可能有机会成为职业足球运动员,在中国的足球场上发挥重要作用。此处填入形容词prfessinal,意为“职业的,专业的”。
6.manned 考查形容词。句意:2008年中国成功发射了“神舟七号”载人飞船。此处应填入形容词修饰名词spacecraft,manned意为“载人的”。
7.t be seen 考查非谓语动词之不定式。句意:法律是否仍然是一个女性良好的职业选择尚待分晓。remain t be seen意为“尚待分晓”。
Ⅲ find 2.t reduce 3.t be invited t 4.t make 5.t take place/t be held 6.t take;t cntrl 7.t be admitted t
8.t find 9.t settle 10.t carry
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。海洋在食物和交通运输方面都给我们提供了便利,因此海洋在人类生活中扮演着非常重要的角色。但人类一味索取,从不考虑海洋的可持续发展。过度捕捞会摧毁整个海洋生态系统,导致某些海洋物种灭绝或处于灭绝的边缘。
1.B 推理判断题。根据第一段It has been estimated waiting t be discvered.一句可知,据估计海洋里有大约230,000种海洋生物,但一些海洋生物学家认为等着我们去发现的海洋物种的数量可能是这个数字的10倍。由此推测,通过第一段我们可以知道,我们需要探索更多的海洋生物,故B项正确。A项“我们对海洋生物的了解已经够多”、C项“已经发现了2,300,000个海洋物种”、D项“230,000个海洋物种预计会被发现”与原文表述均不符,故排除。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句可知,从一开始,海洋就为世界提供了一个运送货物和人的网络。那就是世界上大多数主要城市都临海的原因。大部分大城市临海是因为海洋提供了便利的交通运输。故选D项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的the general view has always been that what is there is fr the taking可知,人们普遍认为海洋中的一切就是为让我们索取而存在的。故人们对海洋的普遍观点是:从海洋中获取想要的一切。故选D项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的The whle marine ecsystem can be wiped ut as huge nets are dragged acrss the cean flr, destrying the cean flr frever.以及最后一段的Sme species have been hunted t extinctin and sme are almst n the edge.可知,过度捕捞导致海洋可持续性被破坏,整个海洋生态系统都会被摧毁,某些海洋动物灭绝或者濒临灭绝。由此推知,海洋的可持续性非常重要。故选A项。
【高频词汇】 1.incredibly adv.极其,令人难以置信地 2.estimate v.估计 3.against ne's will违背某人的意愿 4.wipe ut全部摧毁 5.extinctin n.灭绝,绝种
长难句分析
原句1 It has been estimated that there are arund 230,000 different marine species, but sme marine bilgists think that there culd well be species ten times that number still waiting t be discvered.
分析 该句为并列复合句。并列连词but连接前后两个并列分句;第一个分句中It为形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语;第二个分句中,think后的that引导的是宾语从句。culd well表示“很可能”,waiting t be discvered为现在分词作后置定语,修饰species ten times that number。
句意 据估计,大约有23万个不同的海洋物种,但一些海洋生物学家认为,仍有待被发现的物种数量很可能是这个数字的10倍。
原句2Cuntless numbers f peple frm ther cuntries have travelled the seas t find a new and better life, and meanwhile thers have been transprted very much against their will, the evil slave trade being a case in pint.
分析 该句是一个并列复合句。并列连词and连接前后两个并列分句,the evil slave trade being a case in pint为独立主格结构,作状语。
句意 无数来自其他国家的人漂洋过海去寻找新的更好的生活,与此同时,另一些人在很大程度上则是被迫(在海上)被运送的,罪恶的奴隶贸易就是一个恰当的例子。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。4岁时的一次坐船的经历点燃了麦克阿瑟环游世界的激情,她最终实现了梦想,把不可能变成了可能。
1.B 句意:我突然想到,这艘船拥有我们需要的带我们到世界任何地方的一切。It strikes/struck sb. that...为固定句型,意为“某人突然想到……”,故选B。
2.D 句意:那打开了一切可能性,让我感受到最大的自由感……。 wnder奇迹; magic魔术; directin方向; freedm自由。故选D。
3.A 句意:这次经历点燃了麦克阿瑟的激情——她想乘船环游世界。 light点燃;leave离开; carry携带; invent发明。故选A。
4.C 句意:在乡下长大的她不知道如何做到这一点。 apprach接近; gain获得; achieve达到; frget忘记。故选C。
5.B 句意:所以她获取知识,攒钱多年以追求航行的梦想。make up编造; save up攒钱;turn up出现; pick up捡起。故选B。
6.A 句意:八年里,她每天只吃土豆和菜豆,她终于买得起合适的设备了。 eventually最终; frtunately幸运地; gradually逐渐地; definitely明确地。故选A。
7.B 她终于攒够了购买合适的设备的钱,实现了经济上的目标。 persnal个人的; financial财政的; final最终的;academic学术的。故选B。
8.B 实现了财务上的目标,询问了航海的技术问题,麦克阿瑟觉得她好像离自己追求的目标越来越近了。schl学校; sailing航海; driving驾驶;business生意。故选B。
9.C far远的; deep深的;clse近的;smart聪明的。由上一题的分析可知选C。
10.D 句意:她说:“不可能的事也可能发生,心气高并不一定是一件疯狂的事情。”小时候乘船环游世界的梦想对她来说是一个很高的目标。wrk工作;design设计;mean意欲;aim力求达到。aim high心气高,故选D。
11.D 句意:麦克阿瑟成为一名航海者的计划似乎超出了她的预期。 lessn教训;mind头脑;cnfidence信心;plan计划。故选D。
12.B 24岁时,她在旺迪单人不靠岸航海赛中获得第二名后,开始受到媒体的关注。accept接受;receive受到;enjy欣赏;keep保持。故选B。
13.C 句意:四年后,麦克阿瑟选择航行71天14小时,航程超过26,000英里。 include包括;reach达到;cver覆盖,行走(一段路程);flat漂浮。故选C。
14.D 句意:尽管这一纪录已经被打破,麦克阿瑟仍然被认为是不列颠最成功的海上参赛选手。故选D。while虽然,尽管。
15.A 句意:所以当你知道你要去哪里的时候,你实际上可以到达那里——即使这看起来是不可能的。航海对她来说几乎是“不可能的”。impssible不可能的;cnstant经常的;valuable有价值的;available可获得的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.date back t追溯到 2.pprtunity n.机会
3.passin n.激情 4.acquire v.得到;获得 5.equipment n.设备
6.expectatin n.期望
长难句分析
原句 MacArthur's lve fr sailing dates back t the time when she was just 4 years ld, when she first gt the pprtunity t have a try n a bat.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。time后的when she was just 4 years ld是定语从句,when she bat是when引导的状语从句。
句意 麦克阿瑟对航海的热爱追溯到她仅仅4岁时,当时她第一次有机会尝试乘船。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了海滩的形成和形状,并给出了去海滩度假的建议。
1.Actually 考查副词。句意:实际上,海滩是由一些松软的小岩石组成的,它们会变成沙子,然后聚集在一片水域的岸边。根据句子结构可知,此处为状语,故用副词,填Actually。
2.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意同上。分析本句结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为small lse rcks,指物,关系词在从句中充当主语,故填which。
3.are created 考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意:嗯,它们是由波浪或水流引起的。根据句意可知,主语they(复数)与动词create之间为被动关系,由上下文语境可知用一般现在时,故填are created。
4.flws 考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意:水流就像海洋里的一条大河,经常从一个地方流向下一个地方。分析句子结构可知,that引导定语从句,that指代先行词a large river, 为单数意义,flw与从句主语之间是主动关系,且根据上下文可知用一般现在时,故填 flws。
5.sandy 考查形容词。句意:在沙滩上,海浪把沙子从沙滩上冲走,形成平缓的斜坡。根据其后的名词可知,此处应用形容词作定语,故填sandy。
6.making 考查现在分词。句意同上。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,此处应用现在分词作结果状语,故填making。
7.t mve 考查动词不定式。句意:如果海浪没有足够的力量把沙子冲走,你就会得到一个更陡的海滩。根据其前的strng enugh可知,此处应用不定式,adj.+enugh t d...为固定短语,意为“足够……做……”,故填t mve。
8.appearance 考查名词。句意:现在,随着海滨城镇的出现,越来越多的人喜欢在海滩度假。根据设空处前的the和设空处后的f beach twns可知,此处应用名词,填appearance。
9.a 考查冠词。句意:如果你想在海滩度过一段美好的时光,那就去找一个蓝旗海滩,因为它通常更安全,拥有更高标准的水质。have a wnderful time是固定短语,意为“玩得高兴”,故填a。
10.f 考查介词。句意同上。根据空格前后的两个名词之间的关系可知,此处应填介词f。
【高频词汇】 1.have fun玩得开心 2.be made up f由……组成 3.depend n取决于;依靠 4.standard n.标准 5.quality n.质量
长难句分析
原句 If yu want t have a wnderful time at the beach, then lk fr a beach that has a Blue Flag because it is usually safer and has a higher standard f water quality.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。If引导的是条件状语从句;that引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词beach;because引导的是原因状语从句。
句意 如果你想在海滩度过一段美好的时光,那就去找一个蓝旗海滩,因为它通常更安全,拥有更高标准的水质。
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He began studying (政治) and Chinese histry.
2.Nw a special TV netwrk gives live (新闻报道)f mst races.
3.T attract investrs, the lcal gvernment has adjusted its (税)and labur laws.
4.Yu are asked t swallw a (胶囊)cntaining vitamin B.
5.He pcketed mre mney frm this (锦标赛)than in his entire three years as a prfessinal.
6.I usually have my (笔记本电脑) resting n my knee and cnnect it t the lcal wireless netwrk.
7.The dctr will see yu again next week. (与此同时), yu must rest as much as pssible.
8.Attracted by the beauty f the music, the audience almst frgt t a when the pianist finished it.
9.Many graduates sught emplyment in engineering, educatin, medicine and a wide variety f ther p .
10.Yu have dialed the wrng number. Please lk up the crrect number in the telephne d .
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.As lng as yur cmpetitr is up fr the challenge, yu might as well g it.
2.In the 1960s, the Beatles packed up their electric guitars and drum kits, and set fr America.
3.We listened t the news with a (mix) f surprise and hrrr.
4.N sner had M Yan stepped n the stage than the audience brke int thunderus (applaud) .
5.The bys may have a chance t becme (prfessin) sccer players and play an imprtant part in China's sccer field.
6.The year 2008 saw the successful launch f China's Shenzhu-7 (man) spacecraft.
7.Whether law remains a gd career chice fr wmen remains (see).
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.他吃惊地发现他所有的个人信息都被公开了。
He was astnished that all his persnal infrmatin had been expsed t the public.
2.减少工业污染和净化水花了多年的努力。
It tk years f effrt the industrial pllutin and clean the water.
3.被邀请参加这次会议我感到荣幸。
It is an hnr fr me attend the meeting.
4.我们认为使我们的国家变得更好是我们的责任。
We feel it ur duty ur cuntry better.
5.下周举行的会议一定会取得巨大的成功。
The meeting next week is sure t be a great success.
6.人们呼吁当地政府采取有效的措施来控制雾霾。
Peple call n the lcal gvernment effective measures
the fg and haze.
7.据说他被一所名牌大学录取了,为此他努力学习了三年。
He is said a famus university, fr which he has studied hard fr three years.
8.他匆匆忙忙赶到车站,竟发现火车已经离开了。
He hurried t the statin,nly the train had left.
9.由于有许多难题要解决,新任总统的日子过得很艰难。
With a lt f difficult prblems , the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
10.请勿携带易燃、易爆或其他危险物品进入缆车。
Yu are nt allwed flammable, explsive r ther dangerus things int the cable car.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021广东深圳高二调研,)
The ceans are where life n Earth began and they cntinue t be hme t an incredibly wide range f species. It has been estimated that there are arund 230,000 different marine species, but sme marine bilgists think that there culd well be species ten times that number still waiting t be discvered.
Oceans have always played an imprtant part in human life. They perfrm many functins. Since the beginning f time ceans have prvided the wrld with a transprt netwrk fr gds and peple. That's why mst f the majr cities f the wrld are clse t the sea. Cuntless numbers f peple frm ther cuntries have travelled the seas t find a new and better life, and meanwhile thers have been transprted very much against their will, the evil slave trade being a case in pint. Wrld trade has always depended n cean transprt and the wrld's navies grw up in rder t prtect the sea trade rutes.
The cean has traditinally been a surce f nutritius fd, but sadly the general view has always been that what is there is fr the taking. There has been little regard fr sustainability(可持续性)and in the wrds f Greenpeace, we are nw damaging ur ceans n a scale unimaginable t mst peple.
Large cmmercial fishing bats catch everything, but nt everything is wanted r allwed due t sme restrictins and a lt f dead fish are thrwn back int the sea.The whle marine ecsystem can be wiped ut as huge nets are dragged acrss the cean flr, destrying the cean flr frever.
Overfishing in this way des nt enable the fish t sustain their ppulatin. As a result, numbers decrease until the pint is reached where there are n lnger any fish left t catch. Sme species have been hunted t extinctin and sme are almst n the edge. It is said that due t verfishing, large predatry(捕食性的)fish, like cd and tuna, are dwn t the last 10% f their riginal number.
1.What d we knw frm Paragraph 1?
A.We have knwn enugh abut cean life.
B.We need mre explratin f cean life.
C.2,300,000 marine species have been discvered.
D.230,000 marine species are expected t be discvered.
2.Why are mst f the large cities clse t the sea?
A.T attract mre and mre visitrs.
B.T appreciate the beautiful sights.
C.Fr the natural resurces in the sea.
D.Fr the cnvenience f transprtatin.
3.What's peple's general attitude t the cean?
A.Making use f cean life wisely.
B.Treating cean life in a friendly way.
C.Paying much attentin t its sustainability.
D.Getting whatever they like frm the cean.
4.What can we infer frm the last tw paragraphs?
A.The sustainability f ceans is imprtant.
B.The extinctin f sme species is nrmal.
C.Ocean life ffers much t us human beings.
D.Overfishing has led t n mre fish species.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019山东德州高二下期末,)
MacArthur's lve fr sailing dates back t the time when she was just 4 years ld, when she first gt the pprtunity t have a try n a bat. “It 1 me that this bat had everything we needed t take us anywhere in the wrld. And that pened up everything and made me feel the greatest sense f 2 ,” she explained.
This experience 3 a passin within MacArthur—she wanted t sail arund the wrld. Grwing up in the cuntryside, she had n idea hw t 4 it. Hwever, she knew that was what she wanted t d at sme stage. S she acquired knwledge and 5 fr years t seek her dream f sailing. Having merely ptates and beans every day fr eight years, she 6 culd affrd the right equipment. By reaching such
7 gals and asking technical questins abut 8 , MacArthur felt as thugh she was getting 9 t her ambitin.
“The impssible culd be pssible and 10 high is nt necessarily such a crazy thing t d,” she said. And it seems that MacArthur's 11 t becme a sailr went beynd her expectatins. At the age f 24, she started t 12 the media attentin after taking secnd place in the Vendée Glbe, an arund-the-wrld single-handed nn-stp yacht (帆船)race.
Fur years later, MacArthur chse t sail fr 71 days and 14 hurs,
13 mre than 26,000 miles. This led her t set a new recrd. 14 this recrd has been surpassed (超过),MacArthur is still cnsidered as Britain's mst successful ffshre racer.
S when yu knw where yu're ging, yu can actually get there—even if it seems 15 !
B.struck C.taught D.treated
B.magic C.directin D.freedm
B.left C.carried D.invented
B.gain
C.achieveD.frget
upB.saved up
C.turned upD.picked up
B.frtunately
C.graduallyD.definitely
B.financial
C.finalD.academic
B.sailing
C.drivingD.business
B.deeper
C.clserD.smarter
B.designing
C.meaningD.aiming
B.mind
C.cnfidenceD.plan
B.receive
C.enjyD.keep
B.reaching
C.cveringD.flating
B.When
C.WhetherD.While
B.cnstant
C.valuableD.available
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020黑龙江牡东部地区四校联考高二上期末,)
Yu may lve ging t the beach, having fun in the waves, surfing and enjying the sun and the sand. But what d yu knw abut beaches?
1 (actual), beaches are made up f small lse rcks, 2 turn int sand and get tgether n the shres f a bdy f water. But hw are they made? Well, they 3 (create) by waves r currents (水流). A current is like a large river inside the cean that ften 4 (flw) frm ne place t the next. These currents are caused by changes in temperature as well as the wind.
The shape f the beach depends n hw the waves mve arund. Sme waves mve things up the beach and thers mve things dwn the beach. On 5 (sand) beaches, the waves mve sand away frm the beach, 6 (make) gentle slpes (斜坡). If a wave is nt strng enugh 7 (mve) sand away, yu will get a steeper beach.
Tday, with the 8 (appear) f beach twns, mre and mre peple prefer t spend their hlidays n the beach. If yu want t have 9 wnderful time at the beach, then lk fr a beach that has a Blue Flag because it is usually safer and has a higher standard 10 water quality.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案全解全析
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Part 2 Learning Abut Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.cverage 3.tax 4.capsule 5.turnament
6.laptp 7.Meanwhile 8.applaud 9.prfessins 10.directry
Ⅱ 考查介词。句意:只要你的竞争对手愿意接受挑战,你不妨努力争取一下。g fr sth.意为“努力争取某物”。
2.ff/ut 考查副词。句意:在20世纪60年代,甲壳虫乐队收拾起他们的电吉他和架子鼓,出发去了美国。set ff/ut fr...意为“动身去……”。
3.mixture 考查名词。句意:我们怀着惊恐交加的心情听了这则消息。根据空前的不定冠词a和空后的介词f判断此处应该填名词mixture。
4.applause 考查名词。句意:莫言一上台,观众就发出了雷鸣般的掌声。根据空前形容词thunderus可知,空处应填入名词applause。
5.prfessinal 考查形容词。句意:这些男孩可能有机会成为职业足球运动员,在中国的足球场上发挥重要作用。此处填入形容词prfessinal,意为“职业的,专业的”。
6.manned 考查形容词。句意:2008年中国成功发射了“神舟七号”载人飞船。此处应填入形容词修饰名词spacecraft,manned意为“载人的”。
7.t be seen 考查非谓语动词之不定式。句意:法律是否仍然是一个女性良好的职业选择尚待分晓。remain t be seen意为“尚待分晓”。
Ⅲ find 2.t reduce 3.t be invited t 4.t make 5.t take place/t be held 6.t take;t cntrl 7.t be admitted t
8.t find 9.t settle 10.t carry
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。海洋在食物和交通运输方面都给我们提供了便利,因此海洋在人类生活中扮演着非常重要的角色。但人类一味索取,从不考虑海洋的可持续发展。过度捕捞会摧毁整个海洋生态系统,导致某些海洋物种灭绝或处于灭绝的边缘。
1.B 推理判断题。根据第一段It has been estimated waiting t be discvered.一句可知,据估计海洋里有大约230,000种海洋生物,但一些海洋生物学家认为等着我们去发现的海洋物种的数量可能是这个数字的10倍。由此推测,通过第一段我们可以知道,我们需要探索更多的海洋生物,故B项正确。A项“我们对海洋生物的了解已经够多”、C项“已经发现了2,300,000个海洋物种”、D项“230,000个海洋物种预计会被发现”与原文表述均不符,故排除。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句可知,从一开始,海洋就为世界提供了一个运送货物和人的网络。那就是世界上大多数主要城市都临海的原因。大部分大城市临海是因为海洋提供了便利的交通运输。故选D项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的the general view has always been that what is there is fr the taking可知,人们普遍认为海洋中的一切就是为让我们索取而存在的。故人们对海洋的普遍观点是:从海洋中获取想要的一切。故选D项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的The whle marine ecsystem can be wiped ut as huge nets are dragged acrss the cean flr, destrying the cean flr frever.以及最后一段的Sme species have been hunted t extinctin and sme are almst n the edge.可知,过度捕捞导致海洋可持续性被破坏,整个海洋生态系统都会被摧毁,某些海洋动物灭绝或者濒临灭绝。由此推知,海洋的可持续性非常重要。故选A项。
【高频词汇】 1.incredibly adv.极其,令人难以置信地 2.estimate v.估计 3.against ne's will违背某人的意愿 4.wipe ut全部摧毁 5.extinctin n.灭绝,绝种
长难句分析
原句1 It has been estimated that there are arund 230,000 different marine species, but sme marine bilgists think that there culd well be species ten times that number still waiting t be discvered.
分析 该句为并列复合句。并列连词but连接前后两个并列分句;第一个分句中It为形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语;第二个分句中,think后的that引导的是宾语从句。culd well表示“很可能”,waiting t be discvered为现在分词作后置定语,修饰species ten times that number。
句意 据估计,大约有23万个不同的海洋物种,但一些海洋生物学家认为,仍有待被发现的物种数量很可能是这个数字的10倍。
原句2Cuntless numbers f peple frm ther cuntries have travelled the seas t find a new and better life, and meanwhile thers have been transprted very much against their will, the evil slave trade being a case in pint.
分析 该句是一个并列复合句。并列连词and连接前后两个并列分句,the evil slave trade being a case in pint为独立主格结构,作状语。
句意 无数来自其他国家的人漂洋过海去寻找新的更好的生活,与此同时,另一些人在很大程度上则是被迫(在海上)被运送的,罪恶的奴隶贸易就是一个恰当的例子。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。4岁时的一次坐船的经历点燃了麦克阿瑟环游世界的激情,她最终实现了梦想,把不可能变成了可能。
1.B 句意:我突然想到,这艘船拥有我们需要的带我们到世界任何地方的一切。It strikes/struck sb. that...为固定句型,意为“某人突然想到……”,故选B。
2.D 句意:那打开了一切可能性,让我感受到最大的自由感……。 wnder奇迹; magic魔术; directin方向; freedm自由。故选D。
3.A 句意:这次经历点燃了麦克阿瑟的激情——她想乘船环游世界。 light点燃;leave离开; carry携带; invent发明。故选A。
4.C 句意:在乡下长大的她不知道如何做到这一点。 apprach接近; gain获得; achieve达到; frget忘记。故选C。
5.B 句意:所以她获取知识,攒钱多年以追求航行的梦想。make up编造; save up攒钱;turn up出现; pick up捡起。故选B。
6.A 句意:八年里,她每天只吃土豆和菜豆,她终于买得起合适的设备了。 eventually最终; frtunately幸运地; gradually逐渐地; definitely明确地。故选A。
7.B 她终于攒够了购买合适的设备的钱,实现了经济上的目标。 persnal个人的; financial财政的; final最终的;academic学术的。故选B。
8.B 实现了财务上的目标,询问了航海的技术问题,麦克阿瑟觉得她好像离自己追求的目标越来越近了。schl学校; sailing航海; driving驾驶;business生意。故选B。
9.C far远的; deep深的;clse近的;smart聪明的。由上一题的分析可知选C。
10.D 句意:她说:“不可能的事也可能发生,心气高并不一定是一件疯狂的事情。”小时候乘船环游世界的梦想对她来说是一个很高的目标。wrk工作;design设计;mean意欲;aim力求达到。aim high心气高,故选D。
11.D 句意:麦克阿瑟成为一名航海者的计划似乎超出了她的预期。 lessn教训;mind头脑;cnfidence信心;plan计划。故选D。
12.B 24岁时,她在旺迪单人不靠岸航海赛中获得第二名后,开始受到媒体的关注。accept接受;receive受到;enjy欣赏;keep保持。故选B。
13.C 句意:四年后,麦克阿瑟选择航行71天14小时,航程超过26,000英里。 include包括;reach达到;cver覆盖,行走(一段路程);flat漂浮。故选C。
14.D 句意:尽管这一纪录已经被打破,麦克阿瑟仍然被认为是不列颠最成功的海上参赛选手。故选D。while虽然,尽管。
15.A 句意:所以当你知道你要去哪里的时候,你实际上可以到达那里——即使这看起来是不可能的。航海对她来说几乎是“不可能的”。impssible不可能的;cnstant经常的;valuable有价值的;available可获得的。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.date back t追溯到 2.pprtunity n.机会
3.passin n.激情 4.acquire v.得到;获得 5.equipment n.设备
6.expectatin n.期望
长难句分析
原句 MacArthur's lve fr sailing dates back t the time when she was just 4 years ld, when she first gt the pprtunity t have a try n a bat.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。time后的when she was just 4 years ld是定语从句,when she bat是when引导的状语从句。
句意 麦克阿瑟对航海的热爱追溯到她仅仅4岁时,当时她第一次有机会尝试乘船。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了海滩的形成和形状,并给出了去海滩度假的建议。
1.Actually 考查副词。句意:实际上,海滩是由一些松软的小岩石组成的,它们会变成沙子,然后聚集在一片水域的岸边。根据句子结构可知,此处为状语,故用副词,填Actually。
2.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意同上。分析本句结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为small lse rcks,指物,关系词在从句中充当主语,故填which。
3.are created 考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意:嗯,它们是由波浪或水流引起的。根据句意可知,主语they(复数)与动词create之间为被动关系,由上下文语境可知用一般现在时,故填are created。
4.flws 考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意:水流就像海洋里的一条大河,经常从一个地方流向下一个地方。分析句子结构可知,that引导定语从句,that指代先行词a large river, 为单数意义,flw与从句主语之间是主动关系,且根据上下文可知用一般现在时,故填 flws。
5.sandy 考查形容词。句意:在沙滩上,海浪把沙子从沙滩上冲走,形成平缓的斜坡。根据其后的名词可知,此处应用形容词作定语,故填sandy。
6.making 考查现在分词。句意同上。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,此处应用现在分词作结果状语,故填making。
7.t mve 考查动词不定式。句意:如果海浪没有足够的力量把沙子冲走,你就会得到一个更陡的海滩。根据其前的strng enugh可知,此处应用不定式,adj.+enugh t d...为固定短语,意为“足够……做……”,故填t mve。
8.appearance 考查名词。句意:现在,随着海滨城镇的出现,越来越多的人喜欢在海滩度假。根据设空处前的the和设空处后的f beach twns可知,此处应用名词,填appearance。
9.a 考查冠词。句意:如果你想在海滩度过一段美好的时光,那就去找一个蓝旗海滩,因为它通常更安全,拥有更高标准的水质。have a wnderful time是固定短语,意为“玩得高兴”,故填a。
10.f 考查介词。句意同上。根据空格前后的两个名词之间的关系可知,此处应填介词f。
【高频词汇】 1.have fun玩得开心 2.be made up f由……组成 3.depend n取决于;依靠 4.standard n.标准 5.quality n.质量
长难句分析
原句 If yu want t have a wnderful time at the beach, then lk fr a beach that has a Blue Flag because it is usually safer and has a higher standard f water quality.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。If引导的是条件状语从句;that引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词beach;because引导的是原因状语从句。
句意 如果你想在海滩度过一段美好的时光,那就去找一个蓝旗海滩,因为它通常更安全,拥有更高标准的水质。
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