2020-2021学年Unit 3 Sea Exploration导学案及答案

这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 3 Sea Exploration导学案及答案，共20页。学案主要包含了即学活用，文章大意等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Unit 3　Sea Exploration
Using Language
词汇积淀·素养初探
Ⅰ. 根据语境写出正确的单词
1. the migration (迁移) routes of birds
2. a directory (电话号码簿) of hotels
3. exploit (开发) one’s talents
4. a 20-gallon (加仑) fish tank
5. a murder (凶杀) case
6. a heart full of mercy (仁慈)
7. make public property one’s private possession (拥有)
8. a political opponent (反对者)
9. logged (载入正式记录的) 30, 000 air miles in April
10. marine (海的) exploration
11. the arrest (逮捕) of a criminal suspect
Ⅱ. 根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空
1. There was a mass migration of poverty-struck farmers into the cities.
2. She appealed to the judge to have mercy on her husband.
3. The home team was in possession during most of the fourth quarter.
4. She was stopped outside the shop and placed under arrest.
Ⅲ. 翻译下列课文原句并观察黑体部分
1. Plastic pollution is also bad, killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our tap water.
塑料污染也很严重, 杀死了许多鸟和鱼, 甚至在我们的自来水中也发现了。
2. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals.
海洋和冰下可能蕴藏着大量的资源, 不仅仅是石油和天然气, 还有宝贵的矿物。
3. Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.
希望随着技术的进步, 我们可以有更多的选择来控制这种平衡。
阅读精研·素养构建
Ⅰ. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks
Text 1
(1)Sea exploration has caused many problems
▲ More exploration means more (2)pollution.
▲ (3)Mining for resources is very damaging.
▲ (4)Overfishing is another problem.
Text 2
Sea exploration is important for our (5)future.
More research is (6)necessary.
We need new (7)resources for future development.
(8)Environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs.
2. What is the text type of the passage?
A. Narration. (记叙文)
B. Argumentative essay. (议论文)
C. Expository writing. (说明文)
D. Practical writing (应用文)
答案: C
3. What’s the main idea of this passage?
Text 1 is mainly about the problems caused by sea exploration but Text 2 centers on the importance of sea exploration for humans.  
Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息
1. Choose the best answer
(1)Why does the writer mention the Deepwater Horizon?
A. To show it has more gallons of oil.
B. To explain its influence on animals.
C. To stress the bad effect of plastic.
D. To prove it has caused serious pollution.
(2)What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. The speed of the melting ice in Arctic.
B. The discovery of fossil fuels in Arctic.
C. The damaging resources in the Arctic.
D. The influence of climate on the Arctic.
(3)What does the first writer think of the sea?
A. It belongs to humans.
B. It is the habitat of life.
C. It is less sensitive actually.
D. It is the possessions of future generations.
(4)What makes it necessary for us to explore seas?
A. The development of technology.
B. The value of minerals under the sea.
C. The rising number of population.
D. The occurrence of earthquakes.
答案: (1)～(4)DDBC
2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks
The problems of exploring sea
More exploration means more
(1)pollution
▲Gallons of oil is spilled into the sea
▲Plastic pollution
Mining for resources is very
(2)damaging
★Climate change makes (3)ice less
★Look for more fossil fuels further north
★The ice will melt more
(4)Overfishing is another problem
Sea exploration is important for our future.
Help address important issues such as (5)climate change
Understanding more about the sea
Help us manage its (6)resources better
Logging new (7)species
Improve our understanding of life on the earth.
Accessing the deep ocean
Help us to predict (8)events such as earthquakes
◆New resources for growing (9)population
◆More resources under sea and ice
◆Balance the (10)economic needs and environmental risks
Ⅲ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用
1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句

译文: 由于气候变化, 现在的冰减少了, 这意味着我们可以在更远的北方寻找更多的化石燃料。

译文: 我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么, 这样我们才能采取行动。
2. 阅读主题活动
(1)What is overfishing?
Overfishing is closely tied to bycatch—the capture of unwanted sea life while fishing for a different species. This, too, is a serious marine threat that causes the needless loss of billions of fish, along with hundreds of thousands of sea turtles and cetaceans.  
The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the marine environment. Billions of people rely on fish for protein, and fishing is the principal livelihood for millions of people around the world.  
(2)What did we learn from the Deepwater Horizon disaster?
The Deepwater Horizon blowout caused gas and oil to spill into the Gulf of Mexico for 87 days. Years after this environmental disaster, scientists studying the spill better understand the complex processes that affect how oil transforms and degrades in the water and just how resilient ecosystems can be to such a disturbance. The disaster response also did nothing to clear up debates about chemicals called dispersants that are often used in spill cleanups. Researchers hope that the technological advances over the past decade—and the knowledge gained—will better prepare the world for the next big spill.  
(3)How do human activities affect the oceans?
Human activities affect nearly all parts of the ocean. Lost and discarded fishing nets continue to lethally snare fish, seabirds, and marine mammals as they drift. Ships spill oil and garbage; they also transport critters to alien habitats unprepared for their arrival, turning them into invasive species. Mangrove forests are cleared for homes and industry.  
Climate change currently affecting the planet because of high greenhouse gas emissions from humans is strikingly reflected in the oceans. The greenhouse gas carbon dioxide is also turning ocean waters acidic, and an influx of freshwater from melting glaciers threatens to alter the weather-driving currents.  
要点精研·素养奠基
1. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 恩惠
*Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
尽管这在1982年被禁止, 但一些国家仍然毫不留情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。
*Having lost the engine’s power, the boat was now at the mercy of the wind.
发动机坏了, 这艘船现在任由大风摆布。
*He was such a cruel man that he showed no mercy to others.
他是一个那么残酷的人以至于他对别人毫无怜悯之情。
*They had mercy on their neighbor for he suffered a lot. =They showed mercy to their neighbor for he suffered a lot.
他们对邻居表示同情, 他受的苦难太多了。

show mercy to sb. 　　 怜悯某人
have mercy on 对……表示怜悯
at the mercy of 任凭……的摆布; 在……的支配中
without mercy 残忍地, 毫无同情心地
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)He will be generous and merciful (mercy) to those who are weaker than himself.
(2)So pitifully did she plead that the Baron grew calm and decided to have mercy on her.
(3)They showed little mercy to the enemies.
(4)The policemen shot the crocodile without mercy.
(5)The boat was at the mercy of the rapid river.
2. possession n. 个人财产; 拥有; 控制
*The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions.
海洋是生命的家园, 而不是人类的财产。
*The company that Tom is in possession of was once in the possession of his uncle.
汤姆现在拥有的公司曾经是他叔叔的。
*On her father’s death, she came into possession of a vast fortune. 父亲死后, 她继承了一大笔财产。
*We didn’t take possession of the car until a few days after the auction. 拍卖会过后几天, 我们才真正拿到了那辆车。

be in possession of sth. 　　 拥有/占有某物
be in the possession of sb. /be in one’s possession
为某人所有; 归某人所有
have possession of 拥有
come into possession of 占有某物
get/take possession of 占领; 夺取
【即学活用】语法填空
(1) He is in possession of the house.
= The house is in the possession of him.
(2)He took possession of a lot of jewels from Mr White.
(3)He had come into possession of a large fortune.
(4)Does the young man standing there have possession of the company?
3. arrest n. 逮捕; 拘留; 中止　vt. 逮捕; 拘留; 阻止
*A $5 million reward has been announced for information leading to the arrest of those responsible for the murder.
一项500万美元的悬赏已经公布, 以获得逮捕那些对这起谋杀事件负责的人的信息。
*He is said to be under arrest for spreading online rumors.
据说他由于传播网络谣言被捕了。
*An unusual painting arrested his attention.
一幅异乎寻常的画引起了他的注意。
*After the match three youths got arrested.
比赛过后, 有三个青年被捕。
*He was arrested for faking some famous paintings.
他由于伪造一些名画而被逮捕。

arrest sb. for sth. 　　　 因……逮捕某人
get arrested (人)被逮捕
arrest one’s attention 引起某人的注意
be under arrest 被逮捕
make an arrest 进行逮捕
【即学活用】
(1)She was arrested for drug-related offences.  
她因涉嫌毒品犯罪而被捕。
(2)You shouldn’t do things like that. You could get arrested!  
你不应该做那样的事。你会被捕的!
(3)The bright colours of the flowers arrested the girl’s attention.  
花的艳丽色彩引起了那姑娘的注意。
(4)You’re under arrest. You’re here to assist my investigation.  
你已经被捕了, 你来这里是协助我办案的。
读写结合·表达升级
如何写辩论性文章——海洋探测

辩论性文章属于议论文。议论文主要针对某一观点或问题(一般为有争议的观点或问题)发表议论和看法, 因此写此类文章时要考虑的论据多为正反两个方面。通过对有争议的观点或问题的不同看法进行比较, 然后进行分析和评论, 最后提出自己的看法, 表达自己支持或反对的态度并加以论证说明, 得出结论。

假如你是李华, 学校即将举行以“Is it necessary for humans to explore oceans? ”为题目的英语作文比赛, 请按照下列要求写一篇80词左右的议论文。要点如下:
1. 使海洋可持续发展
2. 了解海洋环境
3. 更好地了解气候



完成句子
1. 它可以建立更好地理解环境变化所需的基本信息。
It can establish the basic information needed to better understand environmental change.  
2. 这有助于科学家解决目前的情况。
It helps scientists to address current situations.  
3. 这有助于科学家预测未来可能出现的情况。
It helps scientists to predict the future situations that may emerge.  
4. 它还可以让我们了解海洋中可利用的物质, 生命形式是如何生存的, 以及人类如何在海底生存或充分利用深海资源。
It can also give us knowledge about what are available in oceans, how the life forms live, and find out how humans can survive down there or make good use of the depth’s resources.  
5. 海洋是我们赖以满足食物、能源等需求的资源之一。
The sea can be one of the resources for us to rely on to fulfill the needs such as food, energy, etc.  
6. 它还可以帮助我们跟踪发生在海洋上的气候变化以及可能影响我们生活的因素。
It can help us keep track of the climate changes that happen to the ocean and what might affect our life.  
7. 海洋探险对人类有很大的好处。
Sea exploration will be of great benefit to humans.  
句式升级
8. 用which非限制性定语从句合并句1, 句2和句3
It can establish the basic information needed to better understand environmental change, which helps scientists to address both current situations and to predict the future situations that may emerge.  
9. 用because合并句4和句5
It can also give us knowledge about what are available in oceans, how the life forms live, and find out how humans can survive down there or make good use of the depth’s resources, because the sea can be one of the resources for us to rely on to fulfill the needs such as food, energy, etc.  

Is it necessary for humans to explore oceans?
　　I agree with the view that it is necessary for humans to explore seas.
First, it can establish the basic information needed to better understand environmental change, which helps scientists to address both current situations and to predict the future situations that may emerge. Moreover, it can also give us knowledge about what are available in oceans, how the life forms live, and find out how humans can survive down there or make good use of the depth’s resources, because the sea can be one of the resources for us to rely on to fulfill the needs such as food, energy, etc. In addition, it can help us keep track of the climate changes that happen to the ocean and what might affect our life.
In sum, sea exploration will be of great benefit to humans.

1. 话题词汇
(1)monster怪物
(2)attack袭击
(3)creature生物
(4)sighting目击
(5)hairy多毛的
(6)frightening吓人的
(7)mysterious神秘的
2. 话题句式
(1)The Grey Man is a frightening creature that lives in Scotland.
灰人是生活在苏格兰的一种可怕的生物。
(2)They say that the low-temperature sea is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.
他们说水温这样低的海里不可能有体型如此巨大的生物生存。
(3)He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
他声称看见了一个圆的黑色生物在水中快速移动。
(4)The rich marine biological resources, mineral resources, chemical resources and power resources are an indispensable resource treasure house of human.
丰富的海洋生物资源, 矿产资源, 化学资源和电力资源是人类赖以生存的必不可少的资源宝库。
(5)The main objective of the current marine conservation is to protect marine biological resources. 当前海洋保护的主要目标是保护海洋生物资源。
(6)We should maintain the regeneration ability of marine biological resources and the natural purification capacity of water, preservation of the marine ecological balance in order to ensure the sustainable human development and utilization of ocean.
我们应该保持海洋生物资源的再生能力和水的自然净化能力, 维护海洋生态平衡, 以确保人类的可持续发展和海洋的持续利用。
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. As a result of this westward migration (迁移), Americans eventually occupied the whole continent—from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
2. Look up their number in the telephone directory (目录).
3. Carl’s starting college in September. Meanwhile (与此同时), he’s travelling around Europe.  
4. We need to make sure that we exploit (开发) our resources as fully as possible.
5. We drank gallons (加仑) of coffee to keep ourselves awake.
6. Her husband was murdered (谋杀) by gunmen as she watched.
7. After the boat’s motor failed, they were at the mercy (仁慈)of the weather.
8. The possession (拥有) of large amounts of money does not ensure happiness.
9. Leading opponents (对手) of the proposed cuts in defence spending will meet later today.
10. Details of the crime are then logged (记录) in the computer.
11. Marine (海洋的) biologists are concerned about the effects of untreated sewage that is flowing into coastal waters.
12. The police say seven people were arrested (逮捕) for minor offences.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
without mercy, have possession of, be home to, arrest one’s attention, as well as, take action
1. The park is home to bears, wolves, and other wild animals. 　 
2. Mark was mainly interested in sport at school, playing rugby as well as soccer.  
3. It’s high time that we should take action to protect the water resources.  
4. At the first sign of movement, they shot without mercy.  
5. The bright colors of the flowers arrested his attention.  
6. How do human beings have possession of healthy physique and self-contained mentality, when enjoying affluent material life?  

课时素养评价
九　Unit 3　Using Language

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Change of climate must have had a powerful influence on migration (migrate).
2. I have in my possession (possess) a letter which may be of interest to you.
3. They have no mercy on the poor father and daughter.
4. A man is under arrest following the suspicious death of his wife.
5. Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds, blocking (block) roads, paths and railway lines.
6. What makes his parents worried is not his grades but that he hasn’t any interest in learning.
7. Many chemicals have a damaging (damage) effect on the environment.
8. Both of them have been through an awful lot and hopefully (hopeful) now I can help them rebuild their lives.
9. The audience applauded(applause) their favorite singer as she came on the stage.
10. There is nothing but criticism for the untrue coverage(cover) of the football game on the website.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. They were lost at the sea, at the mercy of the wind and weather.  
他们在海上迷了路, 任凭风和天气的摆布。
2. We can’t take possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.  
所有的文件都签字以后, 我们才能拥有这房子。
3. As I looked through the book, several printing mistakes arrested my sight.  
我翻阅这本书时发现了几个印刷错误。
4. They may be able to help with childcare so that you can have a break.  
他们可以帮忙照料孩子, 这样你就可以歇一歇了。
5. Scientists have been exploring space, and meanwhile manned submersibles are being improved underwater.  
科学家们一直在探索太空, 同时载人潜艇也在水下改进。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
We know more about the surface of the planet Mars than we know about what is at the bottom of Earth’s oceans. Until recently, scientists had mapped only about 20 percent of the sea floor. But our knowledge of the deep seas is changing because of information from satellites. Scientists have produced a new map that provides a detailed picture of the oceans.
The new map is twice as detailed as the map made 20 years ago. David Sandwell is a geophysics professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California. He and other scientists worked on the mapping project. He says they turned to space to look deeper into the ocean.  
“The way we’re doing that is to use a satellite altimeter(测高仪), a radar to map the topography(地形) of the ocean surface. That is because the ocean surface topography is different because of gravitational(引力的) effects. ”
The scientists collected and studied information from two satellites. One was the European Space Agency’s Cryo-2 satellite that was placed in Earth’s orbit to watch sea ice. The other satellite is the American space agency’s Jason-1, studying the surface of the oceans. Scientists combined the satellite data with images gathered by equipment on ships. The equipment works by sending sound waves through the water. When the sound waves hit an object, its presence is confirmed.
The new map shows the sea floor as it has never been seen before. It shows thousands of underwater mountains and places where continents pulled apart. It shows where earthquakes were active many years ago. In one place, three mountain ridges(山脊) join at the same area. “It’s called the Indian Ocean Triple Junction. It’s one of my favorite spots in the ocean. You have three plates—the African plate, and the Indo-Australian plate and the Antarctic plate—all connected at this one point in the center of the Indian Ocean, ” says David Sandwell.
The map is a powerful tool for those interested in protecting the environment and for oil exploration. It also can help ships travel safely and improve scientific projects worldwide. Of course, scientists will make many more discoveries as they examine the new map and the information it provides.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。讲述科学家绘制了海底面积百分之二十的地图, 得益于卫星传来的信息, 有助于我们对于深海的了解更加详细。
1. We can owe the success of the new mapping project to 　　　.  
A. the details of the old map
B. Europe’s cooperation with America
C. scientists’ continual measuring work under the sea
D. the application of radar and sound wave measuring equipment
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段的The way we’re doing that is to use a satellite altimeter, a radar to map the topography of the ocean surface和第四段的The equipment works by sending sound waves through the water. When the sound waves hit an object, its presence is confirmed. 可知, 我们可以把新的绘图项目的成功归功于雷达和声波测量设备的应用。故选D。
2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. They hoped to use space technology to map the ocean floor.
B. They wanted the satellite to produce the map.
C. They had never explored the deeper ocean.
D. They decided to search the outer space.
【解析】选A。词句猜测题。根据下文David Sandwell教授说的The way we’re doing that is to use. . . different because of gravitational effects. 可知, 画线部分说的是他们求助于太空来更深入地探索海洋, 也就是希望利用空间技术绘制海底地图。故选A。
3. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?
A. The function of sound waves.
B. The differences of two satellites.
C. The difficulties of mapping the oceans
D. The process of mapping the ocean floor.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第四段内容可知, 本段讲述科学家们从两颗卫星收集和研究信息。科学家将卫星数据与船上设备收集的图像结合起来。因此推断本段主要讲述绘制海床的过程。故选D。
4. The fifth paragraph is used to 　　　.  
A. show the discovery through the new map
B. prove the earthquakes were active under the ocean
C. explain how the ocean floor developed
D. introduce what the underwater mountains were like
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段的The new map shows the sea floor . . . many years ago. 可知, 本段被用来展示新地图的发现。故选A。
B
“Shine in the dark” dolphins may seem like something straight out of a science fiction movie. However, that is precisely what Newport Coastal Adventures’ Captain Ryan Lawler and professional videographer Patrick Coyne witnessed, when they set out to explore the spectacular blue tides that have been lighting up the waters off Southern California’s coast since mid-April.
The partner scanned the ocean for hours and was returning to shore when they spotted the “electric” dolphins swimming through the bloom of shining plankton(浮游生物). The videographer, who had seen the phenomenon only once before in a Netflix show, says catching the scenes proved to be a lot harder than he had expected. “For starters, the shining plankton has sweet spots to where it shows up and then fades away, so while on the water, it’s impossible to just find it, ” Coyne says. “Also, conditions have to be absolutely perfect for the shining plankton to show and for animals to swim through it so we can film it. ” 
Though witnessing shining sea life is rare, the electrifying blue ocean scenery is a fairly common sight around Southern California between February and September. The phenomenon can be attributed to the presence of millions of plankton, which tend to gather and reproduce in large quantities in the warm coastal waters during this time.
Though a majority of California’s red tides are caused by plankton species that do not produce deadly poison, some algal blooms(藻花)can be dangerous for sea animals, especially when they stay for long periods of time. In 2018, an almost year-long “red tide” along Florida’s Gulf coast caused by the excessive growth of microalgae Karenia Brevis, killed hundreds of fish and other sea animals.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发光的浮游生物, 以及说明了浮游生物过度生长会导致海洋生物的死亡。
5. What does the underlined phrase “sweet spots” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. A sea plant.
B. A lost world.
C. A perfect moment.
D. A missing camera.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由第二段中的“For starters, the shining plankton . . . it’s impossible to just find it, ”可知, 发光的浮游生物在它们出现和消失的地方都有自己的闪光点, “sweet spots”指的是浮游生物出现和消失的地方, 是一个完美的时刻。故选C项。
6. What is the main reason for the sea life shining?
A. They absorb the light in the ocean and then reflect it.
B. They are surrounded by millions of shining plankton.
C. They swim through the ocean with electricity in large quantities.
D. They benefit from the warm water to power themselves.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第三段中的“Though witnessing shining sea life is rare. . . during this time. ”可知, 海洋生物发光的主要原因是, 它们被数百万闪亮的浮游生物包围着。故选B项。
7. What caused the death of some sea animals according to the text?
A. Red tides.
B. Human exploration.
C. Warm water.
D. Algal blooms.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第四段中的“Though a majority of California’s red tides. . . killed hundreds of fish and other sea animals. ”可知, 造成海洋生物死亡的原因是藻类的繁殖。故选D项。
8. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Science.
B. Health.
C. Entertainment.
D. Education.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知, 文章介绍了发光的浮游生物, 以及说明了浮游生物过度生长会导致海洋生物的死亡。可以推断, 这篇说明文可能出现在报纸的科学版面。故选A项。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
　　Beginning with Chinese efforts to explore and connect with Central Asia, the Silk Road consisted of massive small routes and was named after the silk cloth the Chinese produced. 　1　 Through these routes, Chinese silk, porcelain, lacquer work and ironware were shipped to the West, while pepper, flax, spices, grape and pomegranate entered China.  
　2　 They promoted flow of knowledge as well. Arab astronomy, calendar and medicine found their way to China, while China’s four great inventions and silkworm breeding spread to other parts of the world. 　3　 For example, Buddhism originated in India, blossomed in China and was enriched in Southeast Asia. Confucianism, which was born in China, gained appreciation by European thinkers such as Leibniz and Voltaire. Herein lies the appeal of mutual (相互的) learning.  
The ancient silk routes witnessed the busy scenes of visits and trade over land and ships calling at ports. Along these major routes, capital, technology and people flowed freely. 　4　 The ancient prosperous cities and ports developed, so did the Roman Empire as well as Parthia and Kushan Kingdoms. The Han and Tang Dynasties of China entered the golden age. The ancient silk routes brought prosperity to these regions and contributed to their development.  
Some regions along the ancient Silk Road used to be a land of milk and honey. Yet today, these places are often associated with conflict, crisis and challenge. 　5　 Now, the Belt and Road Initiative intends to build an open platform of cooperation and a broad community of shared interests. It will not only achieve economic growth and balanced development, but also connect different civilizations. Mutual understanding, mutual respect, and mutual trust among different countries will be boosted.  
A. More importantly, ideas were also exchanged.
B. The ancient silk routes were not only for trade.
C. Goods, resources and benefits were widely shared.
D. Such state of affairs should not be allowed to continue.
E. However, silk was just one of many goods traded on these routes.
F. Large empires provided stability and protection for the trade routes.
G. The Silk Road was never an actual road, or even a single massive trade route.
【文章大意】本文是说明文, 介绍了丝绸之路的发展历史和意义, 不仅有物资贸易, 也有知识传播和观念的交流。现在的“一带一路”提供了一个合作、均衡发展的平台。
1. 【解析】选E。此处是词汇复现线索。根据后一句“通过这些路线, 中国丝绸、瓷器、漆器和铁器被运往西方, 而辣椒、亚麻、香料、葡萄和石榴进入中国”可知此段说的是丝绸之路上物资的贸易。silk是词汇复现。选项E意为: 然而, 丝绸只是在这些路线上交易的许多商品之一。故选E项。
2. 【解析】选B。此处是逻辑线索和代词指代。后一句as well 表示递进关系, not only与as well 相关联。选项B意为: 古代丝绸之路不仅是为了贸易。They指代the ancient silk routes。故选B项。
3. 【解析】选A。空后举例“Buddhism佛教、Confucianism儒家思想”说明丝绸之路上观念的交流。选项A引出下一句的话题, 意为: 更重要的是, 还交流了观点。故选A项。
4. 【解析】选C。此处是词汇线索。前一句“资本、技术和人员自由流动(flowed freely)”和选项C中were widely shared 意思相关联。选项C意为: 商品、资源和利益被广泛分享。故选C项。
5. 【解析】选D。此处是代词指代线索。 空前一句“然而今天, 这些地方往往与冲突、危机和挑战联系在一起”。选项D中such state of affairs 指代上一句中陈述的状况。选项D意为: 这种状况不应继续下去。故选D项。

主题活动·迁移应用
Ⅰ. 语用功能表达
描写海洋的词汇
sea海; open sea远海; ocean大洋; inlet小湾; bay海湾, 湾; gulf海湾; cove湾; cape海角; promontory, headland海角, 岬; cliff悬崖峭壁; port, harbour(美作: harbor)港; bay, roadstead碇泊; sandbank沙滩; beach海滩; strait海峡; isthmus地峡; reef礁石; key暗礁; sandbar沙洲; tide潮; wave浪; undertow回头浪; tempest风暴; ground swell 涌浪; seaquake海震, 海啸; lowwater最低水位; territorial waters领海, 领水; ice floe 冰川; ice berg冰山; shore海岸; bank河岸; estuary湖港区; delta三角洲; mouth 河口; current, watercourse水流; stream, brook小溪; torrent湍流山溪; rapids急流; source源头; spring泉; bed河床; flood洪水; flow泛滥; swelling, freshet河水猛涨, 涨水; basin流域; tributary支流; confluent汇合点; meander河曲; canal运河; waterfall, falls, cascade瀑布; cataract大瀑布
Ⅱ. 话题情景交流
Mark: So Sorie, 1. firstly, talking about ocean sports and being on the ocean (首先, 我们来谈谈海上运动以及在海上游玩). Maybe you could talk about your ocean swimming experience in Ogasawara.  
Sorie: Yeah, I love swimming. It’s so peaceful to be there in the ocean. And the ocean in Ogasawara was very clear and 2. meanwhile you could see so many fishes (并且与此同时, 你可以看到很多鱼类) and I’d love to go swimming and immersed in the ocean. It was like another world. It was very beautiful. But later on.  
Mark: What happened?
Sorie: 3. It began when my friends had come to visit and so, we went fishing (这件事发生在我朋友过来看我, 我们去钓鱼的时候). But before they started fishing, I decided to go for a swim. And I swam, and I could see all the way to the bottom of the ocean. 4. And at that time, I saw this fish but they were actually not fish, they were sharks (在那时候我看到了一种鱼, 其实那并不是鱼, 那是鲨鱼). They were white-tipped sharks.  
Mark: Wow.
Sorie: There were four of them at the bottom of the ocean. And I just remember that one you have to do is to keep calm. So I did that. After that I swam out. 5. I told my friends, “There are four sharks down there, so get me out of here” (我告诉我的朋友们, “海底有四只鲨鱼, 快带我离开这里”). So they got me out of there but my heart was beating so fast. I was so scared.  
Mark: Were they dangerous? Those sharks?
Sorie: Well, they’re not dangerous. They might be able to bite a finger off but I didn’t want that to happen either. So as soon as I saw them, I came out of the place. Yeah, but that was so scary.
Mark: Wow. Oh, it sounds beautiful and amazing and dangerous all the same time.