2022版高考英语一轮复习考案6选修六练习含解析外研版20210520254学案

这是一份2022版高考英语一轮复习考案6选修六练习含解析外研版20210520254学案，共22页。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What des the man want t d？ B
A．Buy a bk. B．Bk a rm.
C．Rent a rm.
2．What is the man？ C
A．He is a wrker.
B．He is a prfessr.
C．He is a cllege student.
3．Which attractin did the wman prbably visit during her travel？ A
A．The Great Wall. B．Pyramids.
C．Bradway.
4．When des the cnversatin take place？ C
A．On December 25.
B．On December 24.
C．On December 23.
5．What are they talking abut？ B
A．The weather. B．The pllutin.
C．Their children.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where des the cnversatin take place？ A
A．At an airprt.
B．At a railway statin.
C．At a department stre.
7．What des the wman want t get？ C
A．A bag. B．A bk.
C．A newspaper.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Hw much shuld the wman pay fr the rm altgether？ A
A．$225. B．$229.
C．$237.
9．What is the best time fr the wman t check in？ C
A．At 1：30 p．m. ，Dec. 23.
B．At 2：00 p. m. , Dec. 22.
C．At 2：00 p．m. ，Dec. 23.
10．What specials can the wman have in this htel？ B
A．Free lunch.
B．Free parking.
C．Entertainment facilities.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Where will the wman g n a trip？ A
A．Hawaii. B．Paris.
C．Eurpe.
12．Hw many times has the man been t Paris？ A
A．Nne. B．Once.
C．Three times.
13．What will the wman prbably d next？ C
A．She'll lk fr her suitcase.
B．She'll buy a camera fr the trip.
C．She'll pack her suitcase and prepare fd.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers？ B
A．Researcher and assistant.
B．Pliceman and victim.
C．Pliceman and witness.
15．What did the driver lk like？ C
A．He was very tall.
B．He had thin lips.
C．He was nt yung.
16．What was the main cause f the accident？ B
A. The wman walked slwly with her grandsn.
B．The wman walked t fast.
C．The driver drve t fast.
17．What did the man d at last？ C
A．He tk the wman t the hspital.
B．He called the plice.
C．He drve his car away.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What's the speaker mainly talking abut？ C
A．A new prduct.
B．Office hurs.
C．A recycling prgram.
19．What are required t put int green cntainers？ B
A．Things that are plastic.
B．Glass things.
C．All waste papers.
20．Wh is the speaker prbably talking t？ A
A. The staff in the cmpany.
B．Peple in the square.
C．All the students in the schl.
附听力原文：
Text 1
W：Hell, this is Gd Luck Htel. Can I help yu?
M：Ycs. I want t bk a rm fr tw nights. Are there any rms available?
W：Wait a mment. Hw abut Rm 2305?
Text 2
M：It is nly three mnths befre we graduate frm cllege，but I haven't fund a jb.
W：Dn't wrry. Believe in yurself.
Text 3
M：Lng time n see! Where have yu been recently?
W：I traveled abrad with my family, visiting Japan and China. I came back last night.
Text 4
W：Yu seem very busy recently. What are yu ding?
M：I am preparing fr the Christmas Eve party fr tmrrw. I will give a dancing perfrmance in the evening.
W：Wish yu gd luck.
Text 5
W：I wnder if ur children will be able t breathe clean air, drink clean water and see blue sky.
M：It is time that we human beings learned t live in harmny with nature.
Text 6
M：We'd better hurry. I think that's ur flight.
W：Can we spare time t get a newspaper?
M：Well, I dn't think we have time. Lk...
W：All right, well, yu take that bag, and I will take this ne.
Text 7
M：Hell, Reservatin Desk. Hw can I help yu?
W：I'd like t bk a rm.
M：What kind f rm wuld yu like，Ma'am? We have single rms, duble rms, and standard rms.
W：What's the rate fr a standard rm?
M：$79 a day. But if yu reserve fr mre than tw days, then $75 a day.
W：OK. I'd like a standard rm fr three days.
M：What date wuld yu check in，Ma'am?
W：December 23, please.
M：Gd. Please remember the check­in time is 2 p．m. that very day. If yu get here befre that time，the rm wn't be ready.
W：I see. By the way, d yu have any specials fr yur guests?
M：Abslutely. We ffer free breakfast, free parking and wake­up calls except the entertainment facilities.
W：All right.
M：Very gd. Yur reservatin cnfirmatin number is NB13579. Thank yu fr bking in ur htel.
Text 8
M：Where are yu ging n yur trip?
W：We are ging n a jurney t Hawaii.
M：Hw lng des the trip last?
W：Abut a week.
M：Can yu wrk ut hw much yu will spend during this trip?
W：Yeah, abut 500 dllars.
M：Have yu ever been t Paris befre?
W：Yes, I have been t Paris fr three times. Hw abut yu?
M：N，I haven't. I'm ging n a trip t Eurpe. I just bught this camera tday fr the trip.
W：Well, I need t pack my suitcase and prepare fd fr the trip.
M：Yeah, g fr it.
Text 9
M：Hell, Mrs. Chu. D yu feel better tday?
W：Oh, much better. Thank yu.
M：Can I ask yu sme questins nw?
W：Certainly.
M：First, d yu remember what the driver lks like?
W：Yes. He was abut fifty. He lked quite ld and nt very tall. Oh, and he had thick lips.
M：OK. When the accident happened, where were yu ging?
W：I was ging t help my grandsn t pay a bill, s I walked t fast t ntice the car.
M：I see. After the driver kncked yu dwn, he gt ut f his car and lked at yu, didn't he?
W：Yes, he did. I was bleeding, s he lked scared and then hurried back t the car.
M：D yu remember his clthes?
W：Yes. I lked at him when he was getting in his car. He wre an range T­shirt, grey trusers, and leather shes.
M：OK, I think I have enugh infrmatin nw. Thank yu.
W：Yu're welcme.
Text 10
W：Hi, everyne. Thank yu all fr gathering here in the hall. It's twenty t twelve nw. I'll try t finish my task as sn as pssible s that it wn't delay yur lunch break ten minutes later. I'm wndering if yu all can hear me. Gd, I'd like t tell yu abut sme changes in ur ffices. Because ur cmpany is cncerned abut the envirnment, there are sme changes as t hw ffice waste will be handled. Starting next Friday, cntainers will be placed thrughut the ffice fr recycling. Please nte that all red cntainers are fr anything that is plastic, while all green cntainers are meant fr glass things. These cntainers will be emptied each Wednesday and their cntents will be sent t a recycling factry. As yu leave, please take ne f the papers n the table at the back f the rm. It summarizes all f the infrmatin I've just given yu. Remember, the prgram desn't begin until next Friday. S that's all frm me. Thank yu fr yur cperatin with this effrt.
第二节到此结束。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
(2021·辽宁省五校协作体联合模拟)
“We all knw that exercise is gd fr us, but can yu get the benefits withut actually ding the exercise？” asks Michael Msley.
Having a ht bath r a sauna is a gd way t sthe yur arms and legs after exercise, but what happens if yu d it instead f exercise? Dr.Steve Faulkner f Lughbrugh University asked me t take part in an experiment cmparing the relative benefits f having a lng, ht bath versus an hur f hard cycling.
Fr this study I jin a grup f vlunteers wh have all been fitted with mnitrs which cntinuusly recrd bld sugar levels.Keeping yur bld sugar level within the nrmal range is an imprtant measure f yur “metablic” fitness.
The first part f the experiment is very relaxing, cnsisting f having a lng, ht bath.While I sit in the bath, which they keep at 40 ℃， Steve clsely mnitrs my cre temperature.Once it has risen and stayed there, I am allwed ut.
A cuple f hurs after my bath I have a light meal.Since we want t see hw having a ht bath cmpares with exercise we repeat the experiment.
S what's the result?
“One f the first things that we were lking at，” Steve says, “is the energy expenditure (消耗) while yu're in the ht bath and what we fund was an 80% increase in energy expenditure just as a result f sitting in the bath fr the curse f an hur.”
This is nthing like as many calries as cycling fr an hur (which cmes ut at an average f 630 calries), but we d burn 140 calries, the equivalent f a brisk 30­minute walk.
文章大意：实验发现，一个小时的热水浴虽然没有骑一个小时自行车所消耗的热量多，但其所消耗的热量相当于半个小时的快步走所消耗的热量。
21．What is the meaning f the underlined wrd in Paragraph 2？ C
A．Exercise. B．Strengthen.
C．Relax. D．Build up.
解析：词义猜测题。结合该句内容和常识可知，在锻炼时，我们的腿和手臂肌肉比较紧张，洗热水澡或桑拿浴可以使这些部位的肌肉得到放松。故选C。
22．What is the purpse f the experiment？ A
A．T cmpare energy expenditure f ht bath and cycling.
B．T tell peple hw t lse weight.
C．T shw the benefit f ht bath.
D．T encurage peple t have a ht bath instead f cycling.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Dr.Steve Faulkner f Lughbrugh University asked me t take part in an experiment cmparing the relative benefits f having a lng, ht bath versus an hur f hard cycling.”可知，做这个实验的目的是把洗热水澡和骑自行车的能量消耗的情况进行对比。故选A。
23．What des nrmal bld sugar level mean？ D
A．It means yu are healthy.
B．It means yur temperature is nrmal.
C．It means yu dn't need exercise.
D．It means yur metablic system is nrmal.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Keeping yur bld sugar level within the nrmal range is an imprtant measure f yur ‘metablic’ fitness.”可知，保持正常范围内的血糖水平是代谢健康的一个重要衡量标准。据此可知，正常的代谢系统与正常的血糖水平有关。故选D。
24．If yu want t burn 600 calries, what can yu d？ B
A．Have a ht bath fr ne hur.
B．Cycle fr ne hur.
C．Have a brisk 60­minute walk.
D．Have a brisk 30­minute walk.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This is nthing like as many calries as cycling fr an hur(which cmes ut at an average f 630 calries), but we d burn 140 calries, the equivalent f a brisk 30­minute walk.”可知，如果要消耗600卡，应骑一个小时自行车。故选B。
B
(2021·惠州市高三第一次调研)
China's dmestically develped Beidu Navigatin Satellite System has been widely used in many public sectrs and business fields at hme and abrad.
Beidu has been used in dzens f business and public sectr fields in China, including transprtatin, electric pwer transmissin, fisheries, mining and agriculture. Tens f millins f Beidu­based terminal(终端) devices have been sld and are in use. By the end f 2019, mre than 100 millin Beidu­based navigatin chips, mdules and ther prducts had been sld. The system had by then been fixed in nearly 6.6 millin taxis, buses and trucks arund China as well as mre than 70,000 fishing ships acrss the cuntry. Beidu­enabled functins are als used in at least 50,000 agricultural machines and have imprved their peratinal efficiency. Mre than 70 percent f mbile phnes registered in China are capable f utilizing Beidu signals. In the public security field, mre than 400,000 prtable terminals used by the plice acrss the cuntry have Beidu­enabled psitining functins. Beidu has als played imprtant rles in security wrk fr high­level events.
Glbally, by the end f 2019, Chinese prducts based n Beidu had been sld t mre than 120 freign cuntries and regins, playing a helpful rle in a number f public sectr fields. Fr instance, Beidu has helped Russia imprve its electric grid inspectins(电网检测), made peratins mre cnvenient fr unmanned aircraft users in Cambdia, and prmted management efficiency f many warehuses in Thailand.
文章大意：我国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统已广泛应用于国内外许多公共部门和商业领域，如国内的交通、电力传输、渔业、采矿和农业等商业和公共部门；此外，基于北斗的产品已销往多个国家和国外地区。
25．Which is clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd “utilizing” in Paragraph 2？ B
A．Transfrming. B．Using.
C．Passing. D．Strengthening.
解析：考查理解词汇的能力。 通读第二段可知，该段主要讲了北斗卫星导航系统在中国的应用。再分析画线词所在句可知，其表示在中国注册的70%以上的手机能使用北斗信号。故B项正确。
26．What is the main idea f the passage？ C
A．Beidu Navigatin Satellite System's navigatin is accessible.
B．Beidu Navigatin Satellite System's psitining services vary in quality.
C．Beidu Navigatin Satellite System's applicatins spread arund the glbe.
D．Beidu Navigatin Satellite System's peratinal efficiency imprves rapidly.
解析：考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，本文的主题句为第一段内容“China's dmestically develped Beidu Navigatin Satellite System has been widely used in many public sectrs and business fields at hme and abrad.”，文章主要介绍了北斗卫星导航系统在国内外的广泛使用。故C项正确。
27．In which sectin f a newspaper may this passage appear？ A
A．Technlgy. B．Educatin.
C．Travel. D．Sciety.
解析：考查推断的能力。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了我国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统在国内外的广泛使用，据此可以判断，本文最可能摘自报纸的“科技”栏目，故A项正确。
C
(2021·河北省高三六校第一次联考)
Scientists in Western Australia claim t have made a new discvery— they have fund gld in the leaves and twigs f trees. The researchers believe that the trees suck up the gld frm deep undergrund, ver 30 metres dwn. The discvery has been described as the first f its kind in the wrld. Australian gld explratin cmpanies are pleased because it will make finding gld cheaper. Rather than drilling deep hles t find gld, they have mre ways t examine tree leaves and branches. There is nly a tiny amunt f gld in the leaves. It wuld take 500 trees t make ne gld ring. The gld is fund by using a special X­ray machine wned by an Australian gvernment agency. A pure X­ray and a pwerful micrscpe scan the leaves and branches.
The claim that this is the first time that gld particles (微粒) have been fund in living material might nt be true, thugh. Pre­Qin Chinese f great wisdm understd the cnnectin between plants and the precius stnes and minerals underneath them. They used plant life t find minerals thusands f years ag. In the Zhu Dynasty, it was written in a bk that a certain plant grew nly near depsits f gld. Over the next 2,000 years, Chinese peple wrte abut different plants and hw they grew, shwed where minerals and precius stnes such as jade, cpper, lead, silver and gld were.
Even mre imprtantly, in the 11th century, Su Sng described hw cpper, gld, silver, lead and tin were bserved and taken frm certain plants. These were amazing scientific discveries. Meanwhile, this knwledge was unknwn in the rest f the wrld until abut 1,600. This was when a British man realised that ak trees grew larger and greener where there was alum(明矾) in the grund. Maybe ancient Chinese have mre knwledge t teach mdern scientists.
文章大意：西澳大利亚州的科学家声称他们在树叶和树枝中发现了黄金。这项发现被认为是世界上第一次在生物材料中发现黄金微粒。然而，这种说法可能并不正确，因为早在周朝，中国就已经有了相关记载。
28．What can we knw frm Paragraph 1？ B
A．500 dead trees can make ne gld ring.
B．The trees can absrb gld frm deep undergrund.
C．Scientists have fund gld 30 metres belw undergrund.
D．The cmpanies find it hard t find gld.
解析：考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“The researchers believe that the trees suck up the gld frm deep undergrund，ver 30 metres dwn.”可知，树木可以从地下吸收黄金。故B项正确。
29．Hw d scientists find gld in the leaves？ C
A. By bserving the leaves carefully.
B．By drilling deep hles.
C．By using a special X­ray machine.
D．By referring t ancient bks.
解析：考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段倒数第二句中的“The gld is fund by using a special X­ray machine wned by an Australian gvernment agency.”可知，科学家通过一种特殊的X光机找到树叶里的黄金。故C项正确。
30．Wh first discvered that there was a cnnectin between plants and minerals？ A
A．Pre­Qin Chinese peple.
B．Su Sng.
C．Australian scientists.
D．A British man.
解析：考查推断的能力。根据第二段第二句中的“Pre­Qin Chinese f great wisdm understd the cnnectin between plants and the precius stnes and minerals underneath them.”可知，先秦时期的先贤们最早理解植物与它们下面的宝石和矿物之间的联系。故A项正确。
31．What is the purpse f the last paragraph？ B
A．T intrduce tw great scientists in ancient times.
B．T prvide mre evidence t supprt the writer's pinin.
C．T shw hw ancient peple gt gld frm certain plants.
D．T prve that ancient Chinese have mre knwledge than mdern scientists.
解析：考查理解目的的能力。根据第二段内容可知，作者认为西澳大利亚州的科学家们在树叶和树枝中发现黄金并不是世界上第一次在生物材料中发现黄金，因为早在周朝，中国就已经有了相关记载，接着最后一段又列举了苏松在11世纪描述如何在某些植物中观察并提取到铜、金等，大约1600年一个英国人注意到橡树在有明矾的土里长得更好，由此可知，最后一段的写作目的是提供更多的证据来支持作者的观点。故B项正确。
D
(2021·日照市高三第一次校际联考)
A yung by had a genetic disrder knwn as ADCY5­related dyskinesia. He was first diagnsed at the age f 3. His face and arms wuld invluntarily mve, with episdes lasting frm a few secnds t 10 minutes. Smetimes, mving wuld cause the twitches (抽搐), while in ther instances they wuld cme seemingly at randm. By age 11, he was experiencing up t 30 episdes each day, severely influencing his life. He struggled with day­t­day activities that require fine mtr skills, like writing in class, walking hme frm schl, riding his bike, r taking part in sprts.
Caused by changes in the ADCY5 gene, the cnditin is characterized by invluntary mvements, including twitching, shaking, and tensing muscles that can affect the face, arms, legs and neck. Accrding t the U．S. Natinal Library f Medicine, at least 400 peple have been diagnsed with the disease. These symptms, which usually first appear in childhd r late adlescence, can happen day r night. Thse with a severe frm f the cnditin might have weak muscle strength, and their mtr skills might develp slwer than ther peple's.
While symptms are stable in sme patients, they will wrsen in thers until middle age. The symptms can be wrsened by smething such as tiredness and anxiety. There was currently n treatment available fr ADCY5­related dyskinesia. Hwever, French dctrs were quite interested when a father with the disrder claimed he culd prevent the unwanted mvements by drinking cffee.
S dctrs decided t treat the by with cffee t see if it might help because genetic tests revealed he had ADCY5­related dyskinesia. First, ne cup f strng cffee cntaining arund 100mg f caffeine in the afternn, and ne befre bed. After 45 minutes his symptms disappeared, with the effect lasting seven hurs. Upping the dse t tw cups in the afternn and half a cup at bedtime almst entirely wiped ut his episdes. The by culd write in class, walk hme frm schl and ride his bike again.
His dctrs said his experiences amunt t a real­life, duble­blind experiment, and cncluded cffee is a safe treatment fr ADCY5­related dyskinesia.
文章大意：该文介绍了一位小男孩因ADCY5基因突变而患有运动障碍，他的日常生活和学习受到了极大的影响。一群法国医生受到了一位男士的亲身经历的启发，从而发现咖啡是针对该疾病的一种较好的治疗方法，最终使小男孩能正常生活和学习。
32．What caused the by's pr mtr skills？ A
A. An illness cnnected with a gene.
B．The day­t­day activities in life.
C．The randm twitches f the bdy.
D．The invluntary mve f the arms.
解析：考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“A yung by had a genetic disrder knwn as ADCY5­related dyskinesia.”可知，小男孩运动能力差是由一种与基因相关的疾病造成的。故选A。
33．What might a patient with ADCY5­related dyskinesia suffer？ C
A．Weak bne strength. B．Childhd tiredness.
C．Tensing muscles. D．Anxiety in adlescence.
解析：考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段第一句“Caused by changes in the ADCY5 and neck.”可知，患有与ADCY5有关的运动障碍的病人可能会遭受肌肉绷紧的困扰。故C项正确。
34．What inspired the dctrs t find a cure fr the disease？ B
A．A cup f cffee.
B．A man's experience.
C．A mistake in a genetic test.
D．A duble­blind experiment.
解析：考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“French dctrs were quite interested when a father with the disrder claimed he culd prevent the unwanted mvements by drinking cffee.”和第四段中的“S dctrs decided t treat the by with cffee t see if it might help”可知，医生们受到一位男士的个人经历的启发而找到了针对该疾病的一种治疗方法。故选B。
35．Where is this text mst likely frm？ A
A．A magazine. B．A guidebk.
C．A nvel. D．A diary.
解析：考查理解文章类型的能力。全文主要讲述了一位因ADCY5基因突变而患有运动障碍的小男孩，他的日常生活和学习受到了极大的影响，一群法国医生受到了一位男士的亲身经历的启发，从而发现咖啡是针对该疾病的一种较好的治疗方法，最终使小男孩能正常生活和学习。这样的故事常见于杂志。故A项正确。
第二节 阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·河北省高三六校第一次联考)
If yur friendships are ging t last a lng time, yu simply have t accept that things will always change. But never fear. 36.B . Here is a little f their advice.
Start with the friendship triangle (三角形)．
Shasta Nelsn is a friendship expert wh gives a cncept called the “friendship triangle ”. 37.D . Anyway, the base is psitivity, and tw sides f the triangle are cnsistency (一致性) and vulnerability (脆弱性). If yur friendship has smething wrng, it's much easier t see what is ff balance and adjust it in time.
Figure ut what yu value.
Anther helpful tl cmes frm Rachel Wilkersn Miller. Wilkersn Miller recmmends lking at friendships thrugh yur TME—time, mney and energy. “Thse are yur mst valuable resurces，” she says. “Think abut where ur TME is ging, hw yu're spending it and wh yu're giving it t.” 38.E .
Dn't be afraid t ask fr things.
39.F . Being direct can feel awkward, but if yu get int the habit f stating yur needs, yu can avid a pile f hate much later n. “Ask fr exactly what yu need，” Havrilesky，a famus writer, says. “Smetimes it can wrk like medicine. S ask！”
40.A .
During a lng life, yu g thrugh a lt f different versins f yurself. That can mean that smetimes, a friend is nly present fr a certain chapter—and that is OK.
A．Nt every friend is ging t be there frever
B．We ffer sme advice frm experts t help yu deal with the shifts in yur friendship
C．Friendship is like a ship t carry yu ging further
D．The friendship triangle is made f three equally lng sides
E．If yu waste these resurces, it might be time t shift the relatinship
F．Yu shuld get cmfrtable asking fr what yu need
G．The expert recmmends being clear when yur friendship is n lnger the same
文章大意：如果你的友谊会持续很长一段时间，你只需要接受这样一个事实，即事情总是会变化的。本文提供了一些来自专家的建议以帮助你应对友谊上的转变。
解析：
36．考查上下文衔接。空前提到如果你的友谊会持续很长一段时间，你只需要接受这样一个事实，即事情总是会变化的，又结合空后的advice可知，B项符合语境。B项中的shifts与空前的change呼应。
37．考查上下文衔接。该空前一句提出了“友谊三角形”这一概念，D选项“友谊三角形是由三条等长的边构成的”则解释了友谊三角形的基本构成，并与下文进一步指出每一条边代表的具体内容呼应。故选D。
38．考查段落总结句。本段提出了一个人最珍贵的三种资源，即时间、金钱和精力，并建议通过TME的标准来看待你的友谊。E项“如果你浪费了这些资源，也许是时候该改变这种友谊了。”总结本段内容，符合语境，故选E。
39．考查段落主旨句。根据本段小标题“不要害怕提出要求”，以及本段内容可知，此处应选F项”你应该轻松自在地提出你的需求”来充当本段的主旨句。
40．考查段落小标题。根据最后一段的内容可知，在漫长的生命中，你经历了很多不同版本的自己，那就可能意味着，有时一个朋友只存在于人生中的某一时期，这是可以的。故选A“不是每一位朋友都会永远在你身边”。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(2021·山西省吕梁市高三期中)
A little by almst thught f himself as the mst unfrtunate child in the wrld because a disease made his leg lame(跛的). He 41.B played with his classmates. When the teacher asked him t answer questins, he always 42.C his head withut a wrd.
One 43.A the by’s father asked fr sme saplings(树苗)frm the neighbr. He wanted the 44.C t plant a sapling(树苗) each persn in frnt f the huse. The father said, “Whse sapling grws best, I will buy him r her a favrite 45.C ”. Seeing his brthers and sisters watering the trees, hwever, the by had an idea. He hped that the tree he planted wuld 46.A sn. S, after watering it nce r twice, he never 47.B it.
A few days later, when the little by went t see his tree again, he was 48.D t find that it didn’t fade but grew sme fresh leaves. 49.A the trees f his brthers and sisters, his tree was even greener. His father kept his 50.C ， bught the little by his favrite gift and said that frm the tree he planted, he wuld becme an utstanding 51.B when he grew up.
Since then, the little by slwly became 52.C . One night, he lay n the bed but culd nt sleep. Then he gt up and came t the 53.B T his surprise, his 54.C was splashing(喷洒)smething nt his tree. 55.A ， he understd—his father had been 56.D fertilizing(施肥)his small tree!
He returned t his rm, 57.B running dwn. 58.C passed. The little by didn’t becme a btanist(植物学家)，but he was elected President f the United States. His name was Franklin Rsevelt. Lve is the 59.D nurishment(营养)f life. 60.A it is just a drp f clear water, it can still help the tree f life thrive(茁壮成长)．
文章大意：本文为记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统罗斯福小时候的故事，爸爸通过种树这件事，用爱帮助他找回了信心，长大后当选为美国总统，最后成就伟大事业。
41．A.bravely B．seldm
C．freely D．always
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：他很少和同学们玩。A.bravely勇敢地，B.seldm很少，C.freely自由地，D.always总是。根据“A little by almst thught f himself as the mst unfrtunate child in the wrld because a disease made his leg lame.”，可知他很少和同学玩。故选B。
42．A.raised B．ndded
C．lwered D．kncked
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当老师让他回答问题时，他总是一言不发地低着头。A.raised抬起，筹集；B.ndded点头；C.lwered低下；D.kncked敲。根据上下文的内容可知，因为残疾，他缺少自信，所以当老师提问他的时候，他总是低着头不说话。故选C项。
43．A.spring B．mment
C．winter D．week
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年春天，男孩的父亲向邻居要了一些树苗。A.spring春天；B.mment时刻；C.winter冬天；D.week星期。根据“asked fr sme saplings(树苗)frm the neighbr”爸爸向邻居要了些树苗，可知春天是栽树的季节。故选A。
44．A.neighbrs B．friends
C．children D．bys
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让孩子们在房子前面一人种一棵树。A.neighbrs邻居；B.friends朋友；C.children孩子们；D.bys男孩。根据“Seeing his brthers and sisters watering the trees”可知，父亲让孩子们在房子前面一人种一棵树。故选C项。
45．A.sapling B．tree
C．gift D．ty
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对孩子们说，谁种的树苗长得最好，就给他/她买一个礼物。A.sapling树苗；B.tree树； C．gift礼物；D.ty玩具。根据后文“bught the little by his favrite gift”可知，谁种的树苗长得最好，就给他/她买一个礼物。故选C。
46．A.die B．grw
C．break D．survive
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他的兄弟姐妹们都给树苗浇水，而他行动不便，于是他想出了一个主意：希望他的树苗赶快“死”去。A.die死了；B.grw成长；C.break打破；D.survive幸存。因为他的兄弟姐妹们都给树苗浇水，而他行动不便，于是他想出了一个主意：希望他的树苗赶快死去。以及“S, after watering it nce r twice, he never it.”他希望自己的小树死掉。选A。
47．A.led t B．attended t
C．belnged t D．bjected t
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在浇了一两次水以后，他再也不照顾小树了。A.led t导致；B.attended t照料；C.belnged t属于；D.bjected t反对。在浇了一两次水以后，他再也不照顾小树了。根据常识可知，小树苗需要照顾。选B。
48．A.pleased B．upset
C．wrried D．surprised
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，当小男孩再次去看他的树时，他惊讶地发现树没有凋谢，而是长出了一些新鲜的叶子。A.pleased高兴的；B.upset难过的；C.wrried担心；D.surprised惊讶。他本以为树苗会枯萎，结果却看到它长得很好，所以他感到吃惊。 故选D。
49．A.Cmpared with B．Similar t
C．Cnnected t D．Ppular with
解析：考查形容词词组词义辨析。句意：与他兄弟姐妹的树相比，他的树更绿。A.Cmpared with和……相比；B.Similar t相似；C.Cnnected t连接；D.Ppular with受欢迎。分析语境可知，他是通过比较得到的了结果：他种的树比兄弟姐妹的更绿。故选A。
50．A.request B．schedule
C．prmise D．secret
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲信守诺言，给小男孩买了他最喜欢的礼物，并说，从他种下的树上可以看出，他长大后会成为一名杰出的植物学家。A.request要求；B.schedule时间表；C.prmise许诺；D.gal目标。根据“bught the little by his favrite gift”可知，父亲遵守了他的承诺。可知选C。
51．A.president B．btanist
C．artist D．researcher
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.president总统；B.btanist植物学家；C.artist艺术家；D.researcher研究者。根据“becme a btanist”可知，从他种的树可以看出他会成为杰出的植物学家。故选B。
52．A.smart B．desperate
C．ptimistic D．practical
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从那时起，男孩变得乐观了。A.smart聪明的；B.desperate渴望的；C.ptimistic乐观的，D.practical实用的。因为得到了父亲的表扬，自从那时起，男孩变得乐观了”，故选C。
53．A.field B．curtyard
C．park D．farm
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他起来，来到院子里。A.field田野；B.curtyard院子；C.park公园；D.farm农场。根据上文“in frnt f the huse.”可知，他睡不着，来到院子里。故选B。
54．A.brther B．sister
C．father D．neighbr
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他吃惊的是，他父亲正在往树上泼东西。突然间，他明白了——他的父亲一直在秘密地给他的小树施肥！ A．brther兄弟；B.sister姐妹；C.father父亲；D.neighbr邻居。根据“his father had been 56 fertilizing his small tree！”可知他的爸爸在树上撒东西，故选C。
55．A.All f a sudden B．Fr a mment
C．In time D．Frm then n
解析：考查介词词组词义辨析。句意同上。A.All f a sudden突然；B.Fr a mment片刻，一会儿；C.In time及时；D.Frm then n从那时起。突然，他明白了他的树苗之所以长得好，是爸爸一直在给他的树施肥。故选A。
56．A.busily B．quietly
C．cautiusly D．secretly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.busily繁忙地；B.quietly安静地；C.cautiusly谨慎地，D.secretly秘密地。根据上文可知，小男孩没有照顾小树苗，小树苗却出奇地长得很好，因为这个男孩一直不知道，是爸爸一直在秘密地给小树苗施肥。故选D。
57．A.water B．tears
C．sweat D．rain
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他回到自己的房间，泪流满面。A.water 水；B.tears眼泪，C.sweat汗水；D.rain雨水。根据“running dwn”可知，他回到房间，眼泪流下来，被爸爸的举动感到了。故选B。
58．A.Hurs B．Mnths
C．Decades D．Centuries
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：几十年过去了。A.Hurs小时；B.Mnths月；C.Decades几十年；D.Centuries世纪。一个人的一生应该是几十年时间，以及从后面的“but he was elected President f the United States ”可知从小孩到成为总统，要经过几十年才可以的。因此此处是指过去了几十年。故选C。
59．A.last B．nly
C．least D．best
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爱是生活中最好的营养。A.last最后的；B.nly唯一的；C.least 最少的；D.best最好的。根据语境可知，此处是指爱是生活中最好的营养。故选D。
60．A.Even if B．Nw that
C．If nly D．What if
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：即使是一滴清水，也能帮助树茁壮成长。A.Even if即使；B.Nw that既然；C.If nly但愿；D.What if倘若。此处是指“即使(Even if)是一滴清水，也能帮助树茁壮成长”。所以本句为让步状语从句。故选A。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·日照市高三第一次校际联考)
Acrss nrthern Africa, the desert is steadily grwing. Dry lands are spreading. But a bld prject knwn as the Great Green Wall aims t stp the 61.grwth (grw) f the desert. The ambitius prgram includes plans 62.t help (help) prtect and maintain resurces and fight pverty.
Farmers are learning t care fr their land and use water 63.wisely (wise). They are als planting millins f trees and crps. The Great Green Wall wuld cver 64.an area mre than 4,000 miles wide—frm Senegal in the west t Djibuti in the east.
The Great Green Wall 65.was apprved (apprve) by the African Unin in 2007. The prgram receives supprt frm the United Natins, the Wrld Bank, and ther grups.
The Great Green Wall's trees prvide a barrier 66.against desert winds and help hld misture(水分) in the air and sil，
67.allwing (allw) crps t grw. In time, the richer sil will prvide mre land fr animals t graze n. Mre resurces will bring mre jbs. “The gal is t create sustainable land management，” said Nra Berrahmuni, a frestry fficer 68.wh/that wrks with the U．N. Fd and Agriculture Organizatin.
Trees and crps have been planted in Senegal and Niger.An 69.added (add) benefit f the Great Green Wall is that cuntries in the regin are sharing infrmatin abut which prgrams wrk and which dn't. Nw, alng with trees, 70.ideas (idea) are taking rt.
文章大意：北非沙漠化逐年严重。为了阻止沙漠化进一步恶化，一个名为非洲绿色长城的计划开始启动。本文介绍了此计划的相关内容。
解析：
61．考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处为名词，被定冠词the和介词短语f the desert修饰，所以填 grwth。
62．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词形式，又根据语境可知，此处应用不定式短语作plans的后置定语，所以填t help。
63．考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为副词形式，修饰动词use，作状语，所以填 wisely。
64．考查冠词。area此处作“地区，地域”讲为可数名词，在文中第一次出现，表泛指，又area的发音以元音音素开头，所以填不定冠词an。
65．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处应为句子的谓语，且和句子主语The Great Green Wall构成被动关系，应用被动语态；又由时间状语in 2007可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语为单数，所以填 was apprved。
66．考查介词。根据语境可知，空处表达“防，抗”的含义，所以填against。
67．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为非谓语动词，和句子主语The Great Green Wall's trees构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式allwing。
68．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰指人的先行词a frestry fficer，所以填wh/that。
69．考查形容词。空处修饰名词benefit，所以填形容词added“额外的”。
70．考查名词单复数。此处idea为可数名词，在句子中作主语，且和谓语动词的复数形式are呼应，应用名词复数形式，所以填ideas。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2021·山西省太原市高三期中)
In rder t celebrated Natinal Day and the Mid­Autumn Festival, and we had an 8­day hliday. After it, my classmates and I were talking abut hw t d during the hliday excitedly. Then we decided t g t help the farmers instead f stay at hme. As sn as we arrived at farm, we were attracted by the apples hanging n the branches. We culdn't wait t pick the apples, which were the mst interesting wrk. Particular, we were allwed t chse what we liked best and taste them. We didn't feel bring at all even thugh the jb was tiring. We wrked fr 5 hurs happily unless the sun set.
答案：
In rder t eq \(celebrated,\s\d8(celebrate)) Natinal Day and the Mid­Autumn Festival, and we had an 8­day hliday. eq \(After,\s\d8(Befre)) it, my classmates and I were talking abut eq \(hw,\s\d8(what)) t d during the hliday excitedly. Then we decided t g t help the farmers instead f eq \(stay,\s\d8(staying)) at hme. As sn as we arrived at eq \(∧,\s\d8(the))farm, we were attracted by the apples hanging n the branches. We culdn't wait t pick the apples, which eq \(were,\s\d8(was)) the mst interesting wrk. eq \(Particular,\s\d8(Particularly))， we were allwed t chse what we liked best and taste them. We didn't feel eq \(bring,\s\d8(bred)) at all even thugh the jb was tiring. We wrked fr 5 hurs happily eq \(unless,\s\d8(until)) the sun set.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者和同学假期帮助农民采摘苹果的故事。
解析：
71．考查动词不定式。in rder t意为“为了；以便”，其中t为不定式符号，动词不定式的结构为t＋动词原形。故将celebrated改为celebrate。
72．考查连词。因为In rder t celebrated Natinal Day and the Mid­Autumn Festival为目的状语，句子主语we前面不能用连词and连接，故删掉and。
73．考查时间状语。句中it指上文“hliday”，在假期之前，讨论假期计划，合乎逻辑，假期之后，不合逻辑。故将After改为Befre。
74．考查疑问词＋动词不定式。疑问词＋动词不定式作介词abut的宾语，不定式t d的逻辑宾语应该用疑问代词what，符合句意，疑问副词hw，表示方式、方法，不可作宾语。故将hw改为what。
75．考查非谓语动词。短语介词instead f需要接名词或动名词作宾语。故将stay改为staying。
76．考查冠词。此处名词farm“农场”为特指概念，是特定的事物，故在farm前加the。
77．考查主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，从句中which替代前面“摘苹果”这件事，谓语动词用单数，故将were改为was。
78．考查副词。副词用来修饰整句，故将Particular改为Particularly。
79．考查形容词。一般来讲，以­ing结尾的形容词修饰物，以­ed结尾的形容词修饰人，这里修饰“我们”，故将bring改为bred。
80．考查连词。连词until意为“直到……为止”，引导时间状语从句，unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，根据句意，本句中用until合乎逻辑。故将unless改为until。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2021·山西省太原市高三期中)
最近，你校组织了5公里的迷你马拉松(mini­marathn)比赛，请你向21世纪英文报投稿，介绍比赛的情况。内容包括：
1．时间、地点和参加人员；
2．比赛过程；
3．比赛的意义。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案：
Our schl rganized a mini­marathn f five kilmeters n May 12th in ur campus. Mre than 200 students tk an active part in it.
On the mrning f last Mnday, the participants were standing patiently at the waiting line, chatting and encuraging each ther. At 8︰30 a．m., the marathn began. Althugh it was tiring, all the players tried their best. Alng the rute, there were students wh prvided water r twers fr them. They als helped thse wh had difficulty finishing the marathn. Abut twenty minutes later , the first player rushed thrugh the finishing line.
The marathn is a great success. It is nt nly a gd chance t develp ur interest in sprts but als shw the team spirits.