高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Making a difference精练

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Making a difference精练，共10页。
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. There is n heating available due t fuel shrtages (shrtage).
2. We had great truble making him understand (understand) what we taught him.
3. He really made a great difference t the wrld by his wn effrts.
4. Training didn’t result in gd results and was much less effective(effective)than expected.
5. Marie Curie made great cntributins(cntributin) t the develpment f science, but mney and reputatin made n sense t her.
6. Many cuntries in Africa are develping (develp) cuntries.
7. His plan was t becme (becme) an engineer at first but he became a famus singer at last.
8. The by dnated all his pcket mney t the charity.
9. What was nce regarded as impssible has nw becme a reality (real).
10. One day, the ptter frgt t take the rpe, with which he tied the dnkey every day.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. The mre we d fr the peple, the happier we’ll be.
我们为人民做得越多, 我们就越幸福。
2. Much t my relief, my sn was eventually admitted t a key university.
使我非常欣慰的是, 我儿子最终被一所重点大学录取了。
3. This cuntry is shrt f natural resurces but rich in human resurces.
这个国家缺乏自然资源, 却有着丰富的人力资源。
4. When a yung man starts t earn his living, he can n lnger expect thers t pay fr his fd and clthing.
当一个年轻人开始自己谋生的时候, 他不可能再指望别人为他的衣食买单。
5. It’s nt hw much yu read but what yu read that matters.
重要的不是你读了多少而是你读了什么。
6. The pliceman fund that the huse had been brken int and a quantity f jewellery had been stlen.
警察发现房子被人闯入了, 许多珠宝也被偷了。
7. I am sure everyne will benefit a lt frm this activity.
我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。
8. It is such clean water that I can see the fish in it.
水如此清澈以至于我都能看见里面的鱼。
9. Gehrig had truble thrwing and catching the ball.
格里克在投球和接球方面有困难。
10. N matter hw difficult it is, we can’t give up.
无论多么困难, 我们都不能放弃。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Every summer, my family and I visit ur relatives in India and whenever we travel, my parents always remind me t drink nly bttled r biled water. On ne f my trips t India, I saw children drinking water frm the radside. I was trubled t learn that millins f peple, mst f them children in develping cuntries, die each year because f water related diseases.
Living in the US, I am lucky t be able t turn n the tap and get ptable water(饮用水), while ne sixth f the wrld’s ppulatin lacks access t clean water. This year, I entered the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scientist Challenge. In late June, I learned that I was selected as ne f the tp 10 natinal finalists f this famus middle schl science cmpetitin. Over the summer, I wrked with Dr. Jim Jnza, my Scientist mentr(导师)frm 3M, and develped a system that uses slar energy t purify water. My inventin is green and cst-effective, and I am lking frward t implementing this in places that are affected by harmful water pllutin.
In Octber, my family and I flew t 3M Headquarters in St Paul, Minnesta, where the final event was t be held. Fr the last challenge, each f us had t present the inventin we had been wrking n ver the summer. The first place winner wuld win $25, 000, a trip t Csta Rica, and the title f America’s Tp Yung Scientist. At the awards ceremny, all f us waited anxiusly until ne f the judges, Danny Frester, started annuncing “The winner f the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scientist Challenge is. . . ”Yu culd hear a pin(大头针)drp as he pened the paper with the winner’s name, “Deepika Kurup!”
As an America’s Tp Yung Scientist, I was given an pprtunity t shw my inventin n natinal televisin and deliver several presentatins. One f the mst imprtant things I have learned is that cmmunicatin and teamwrk are the key t success.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了作者通过一次去印度的经历, 发现人们缺乏清洁水, 就此得到启发, 回国后与Jim Jnza博士合作, 开发了一个利用太阳能的净水系统。
1. Why des the authr mentin her visits t India?
A. T express her great lve fr India.
B. T shw the prblem f unclean water.
C. T explain the imprtance f relatives.
D. T cmpare eastern and western cultures.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知, 每年有数百万人死于与水有关的疾病, 其中大多数是发展中国家的儿童。由此可以推断出, 作者提到自己去印度的经历是为了说明人们缺乏清洁水的问题, 故选B项。
2. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “implementing” in Paragraph 2?
A. Researching. B. Changing.
C. Finishing. D. Using.
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据My inventin is green and cst-effective可知, 作者的发明很环保、划算, 因此作者期待将它应用到受有害的水污染影响的地区。故画线词implementing是“应用”的意思。
3. Hw did the audience react as Frester pened the paper with the winner’s name?
A. They appeared calm.
B. They let ut shuts f jy.
C. They sat quietly.
D. They drpped pins t the authr.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知, Frester宣布获胜者时所有观众都屏住呼吸, 你甚至可以听到大头针落地的声音。由此可知观众都非常安静地坐着, 故选C项。
4. Hw is the text mainly rganized?
A. In rder f time.
B. In rder f cmplexity(复杂性).
C. In rder f place.
D. In rder f imprtance.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据全文可知, 作者主要按时间顺序回顾了自己在发现教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中夺冠的经历, 故选A项。
B
Recently, the mst heated tpic f “which is the right bin fr my garbage” has swept China.
Shanghai is amng China’s first cities t intrduce garbage classificatin (垃圾分类) and als the cuntry’s mst serius in its perfrming. Since July 1, 2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law t srt garbage int fur different categries, r they culd face fines. Individuals, including turists, can be fined 200 yuan fr failing t srt their waste prperly, while cmpanies and institutins can be fined up t 50, 000 yuan.
The gvernment has set up nline apps t handle srting questins, and annunced guidelines t address the “ne-size-fits-all” methd. The cuntry is abut t invest ver 21 billin yuan in the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities t meet demands. Nw it’s intrducing artificial intelligence int its waste management system, by setting up little cameras in many sets f bins.
Hwever, nt every face can be recgnized by the smart dustbin until yu register fr the system. Once registratin is cmpleted, users will scan a QR cde n the bin, which then pens it up t allw fr garbage dispsal (处理). Nw, each husehld gets ne special QR cde fr thrwing ut waste. Here, the intelligent bins dn’t just calculate garbage weight; they als help residents gain rewards by cllecting pints thrugh the special app.
China is stepping int the age f cmpulsry garbage srting with its cities revising laws n garbage classificatin. Fr Shanghai, sixty percent f the city is expected t carry ut garbage srting by the end f 2019, and 90 percent by 2020. Garbage srting is, withut dubt, a cstly but wrthwhile endeavr. It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment (可持续发展), and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。最近, 最热门的话题“哪个垃圾桶最适合我的垃圾”席卷了中国。在上海, 居民必须把垃圾分成四类。我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。
5. What is the crrect rder in using smart garbage srting system?
①Gain rewards.
②Open up the bin.
③Register fr the system.
④Scan a QR cde n the bin.
A. ③④②① B. ④②③①
C. ③①②④D. ④③②①
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知并不是每一张脸都能被智能垃圾桶识别, 直到你注册了这个系统。注册完成后, 用户将扫描垃圾桶上的二维码, 然后打开垃圾桶进行垃圾处理。现在, 每个家庭都有一个特殊的二维码来扔垃圾。在这里, 智能垃圾桶不仅可以计算垃圾的重量, 还可以通过这款特殊的应用, 帮助居民通过积分获得奖励。所以使用智能垃圾分类系统的正确顺序是③④②①。
6. What des the underlined wrd “endeavr” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Effrt. B. Fashin.
C. Annuncement. D. Decisin.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据最后一段中It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment, and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well. “它对环境有好处, 对国家的可持续发展也很重要, 最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此推知, Garbage srting is, withut dubt, a cstly but wrthwhile endeavr. (毫无疑问, 垃圾分类是一项成本高昂但值得努力的工作。)中的画线词的意思是“努力”。
7. What can we knw frm the text?
A. The intelligent bins can nly shw garbage weight.
B. Residents have t srt garbage int fur different categries in Shanghai.
C. If cmpanies frget t srt their waste, they can be fined 200 yuan.
D. Turists can avid being fined fr failing t srt their waste crrectly.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中Since July 1, 2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law t srt garbage int fur different categries, r they culd face fines. “自2019年7月1日起, 上海居民被法律要求将垃圾分为四类, 否则将面临罚款。”由此可知, 在上海, 居民必须把垃圾分成四类。
8. Why des ur cuntry push ahead with cmpulsry garbage srting?
A. T build a garbage srting system.
B. T increase the use f artificial intelligence.
C. T prmte sustainable develpment f envirnment.
D. T supprt the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment, and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well. “它对环境有好处, 对国家的可持续发展也很重要, 最终可能会成为一个有前途的行业。”由此判断出, 我国要推行强制垃圾分类是为了促进环境的可持续发展。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
Ecnmy rebunding after drp
China’s ecnmy experienced a deep reductin in the first quarter due t the COVID-19 utbreak. 1 This indicates that the cuntry’s recvery has gained a firmer fting, fficials and ecnmists said n Friday.
2 Hwever, it remains unclear whether the gvernment will still set a GDP grwth target fr the year. Ecnmists said China’s plicy fr the next step needs t fcus n stimulating(刺激) demand and stabilizing(稳定)emplyment t prmte ecnmic recvery.
Ma Shengyng, NBS spkesman, said the utbreak created a serius blw t the cuntry’s ecnmy in the first quarter, but majr ecnmic indicatrs(指标) rebunded in March. 3
Lian Ping, chief ecnmist at Zhixin Investment, said the gvernment needs t strengthen plicy supprt t prevent the ecnmy frm suffering a secnd wave f blws frm the glbal ecnmic dwnturn. 4 While mst large cmpanies have resumed prductin, accrding t NBS calculatins, many smaller cmpanies are still struggling t resume wrk under rising financial difficulties and labr shrtages.
Retail sales drpped by 19 percent year-n-year in the first quarter, which indicated that dmestic demand remains relatively weak and there is still rm fr plicies t effectively bst husehlds’ cnsumptin(消费), ecnmists said. 5 The urban unemplyment rate was 5. 9 percent in March, dwn by 0. 3 percentage pint frm February, accrding t the NBS.
A. Urban husehld incme declined by 3. 9 percent year-n-year in the first quarter.
B. But majr ecnmic indicatrs imprved mstly in March.
C. China’s GDP in the first quarter cntracted by 6. 8 percent frm a year earlier accrding t the Natinal Bureau f Statistics.
D. Chinese ecnmy is recvering as mre cmpanies are brrwing t prmte their prductin recvery.
E. And the cuntry’s ecnmic perfrmance will imprve further in the secnd quarter.
F. Chinese cmpanies, including exprters, have seen an increase in cancellatins(取消) f rders.
G. Mre supprt needs t be given t husehlds as the decline(下降) f residents’ incme.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍受新型冠状病毒肺炎爆发的影响, 中国的经济在第一季度经历了严重打击, 但第二季度有所改善, 经济恢复还面临着各种困难。
1. 【解析】选B。根据上文提示“由于新型冠状病毒肺炎爆发, 中国经济在第一季度经历了严重的减少。”再根据下文提示“官员和经济学家周五表示, 这表明, 该国的经济复苏已经获得了更坚实的基础。”承接上下文, B项But majr ecnmic indicatrs imprved mstly in March. (但主要的经济指标通常在3月份有所改善。)切题。
2. 【解析】选C。根据下文提示“不过, 目前仍不清楚政府是否仍将设定今年的GDP增长目标。”承接下文, C项China’s GDP in the first quarter cntracted by 6. 8 percent frm a year earlier accrding t the Natinal Bureau f Statistics. (根据国家统计局的数据, 中国第一季度的GDP与去年同期相比下降了6. 8%。)切题。
3. 【解析】选E。根据上文提示“国家统计局发言人毛胜勇表示, 疫情在第一季度对中国经济造成了严重打击, 但主要经济指标在3月份出现反弹。”承接上文, E项And the cuntry’s ecnmic perfrmance will imprve further in the secnd quarter. (中国的经济表现将在第二季度进一步改善。)切题。
4. 【解析】选F。根据上文提示“智信投资首席经济学家连平表示, 政府需要加强政策支持, 以防止经济遭受全球经济衰退的第二波打击。”再根据下文提示“根据国家统计局的计算, 虽然大多数大公司已恢复生产, 但许多较小的公司在日益加剧的财务困难和劳动力短缺的情况下仍难以恢复生产。”承接上下文, F项Chinese cmpanies, including exprters, have seen an increase in cancellatins f rders. (包括出口商在内的中国企业取消订单的情况有所增加。)切题。故选F。
5. 【解析】选A。根据上文提示“经济学家表示, 第一季度零售额同比下降19%, 这表明国内需求仍然相对疲弱, 政策仍有有效提高家庭消费的空间。”再根据下文提示“根据国家统计局的数据, 3月份城镇失业率为5. 9%, 比2月份下降了0. 3个百分点。”承接上下文, A项Urban husehld incme declined by 3. 9 percent year-n-year in the first quarter. (第一季度, 城市家庭收入同比下降了3. 9%。)切题。故选A。
【阅读多维训练】根据阅读理解A填空
1. My inventin is green and cst-effective, and I am lking frward t implementing this in places that are affected by harmful water pllutin.
分析: 本句是一个并列句, 由and 连接。第二个分句中包含由that引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词places。
译文: 我的发明是环保的、划算的, 我期待着能在受有害的水污染影响的地方应用它。
2. One f the mst imprtant things I have learned is that cmmunicatin and teamwrk are the key t success.
分析: 本句为复合句。I have learned 为省略that的定语从句, 修饰先行词One f the mst imprtant things;that引导表语从句。
译文: 我学到的最重要的事情之一就是沟通和团队合作是成功的关键。
阅读理解
The idea f changing the wrld seems very crazy, but there are a number f small everyday things we can d t make the wrld better. Cmmunity centers, parks, libraries, hmeless shelters (避难所), hspitals and schls are all places where students can make a difference thrugh service.
Alisia Orsc, 10, wanted t shw her lve and care t the sick kids at University Children’s Hspital in Texas, where her brther had been a patient. She earned mney by ding part-time jbs and used it t buy different tys fr the children in hspital. Nw she visits three hspitals every year with bags f tys. “I hpe t help as many kids as I can, ” Alisia says. “It makes me happy t make them smile. ”
High schl students in a twn f Washingtn made a difference in the lives f sme needy children by building a playgrund at a wrkers’ camp. They gt a lt f help frm a building supply stre which prvided free building materials fr the prject.
Teens in New Jersey decided t ffer their help at the lcal sup kitchen where peple with n hmes can get free fd. But there wasn’t ne. They created a ne-day sup kitchen and were able t feed 60 needy peple and allwed them t take the rest hme. Their effrts gt mre peple t understand the great need f the pr in their cmmunity. Because f their effrts and success, a permanent sup kitchen was created with the $10, 000 Natinal Award they received frm Newman’s Own Inc.
High schl students in Las Vegas helped 30 hmeless adults prepare resumes during a jb fair they held at the area’s largest hmeless shelter. At least nine f the adults later fund jbs.
【文章大意】本文为记叙文。文章通过几名青少年通过做一些小事来帮助别人的事例, 说明了小事情也可以产生大的影响, 从而让世界更美好。
1. The underlined part “the prject” in Paragraph 3 refers t the wrk f _______.
A. taking part in a camp
B. building a playgrund
C. making a wrkers’ camp
D. pening a building supply stre
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第三段可知, 来自华盛顿一个城镇的高中生为了改善贫困孩子的生活, 在一个工人聚集的营地修建了一个游乐场, 而修建游乐场所需的建材由一家建材商店免费提供。由此可知, the prject指的是“修建游乐场”。
2. Which f the fllwing can best describe the students mentined in the text?
A. Kind. B. Brave.
C. Prud. D. Hnest.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章第一段引出话题——小事情也可以产生大的影响, 从而让世界更美好。文中所举事例中的青少年用他们的行动表达了对弱者的关心和帮助, 他们的善心让世界变得更加美好。
3. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Students can make a difference nly thrugh cmmunity centers.
B. Alisia Orsc earned mney by ding part-time jbs.
C. High schl students made a difference by building libraries fr the hmeless.
D. Teens decided t buy sme expensive fd fr the patients.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“She earned mney by ding part-time jbs”可知, Alisia Orsc是通过做兼职挣钱来帮助那些生病的孩子们。