人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land当堂检测题

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2020-2021学年高中英语新教材同步备课（人教版选择性必修第一册）Unit 5 Working the land—Period 2 Listening and speaking 课后练习（原题版）本单元词汇语法练习+语法填空+阅读套题（满分100分）词汇强化运用：用所给单词的适当形式或汉义补全句子，每题1分，共计20分。___________(consume) rather than saving has become the central feature of contemporary societies. The problems are not serious. Nonetheless, we need to ___________(处理) them soon. These results demonstrate ___________(convince) that our suggestion is working. Genes determine the ___________(特征) of every living thing.For many people, it is a common sense that organic food is healthier than ___________ (conventional) grown food. You cannot a____________(假定) that a speaker of English is qualified to teach English for granted. He lost his leg when he was ten, but learned to ____________(克服) his handicap. With 97% of the world's water too ____________(salt) to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. It will also help people to use their l____________(休闲) time well. The mountains trap rains and fogs ____________(generate） over the ocean. There are alternative sources of ____________(营养) to animal meat. The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of ____________(化学制剂) in agriculture.__________light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.It doesn’t matter _________ he will come or not.There are three things _________ make Sydney famous ,its beautiful harbor, the Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Sydney Opera House. _________ China got the second place in the Games made the whole nation very excited.—Would you like a cigarette? —No. It’s several years _________ I gave up smoking.Most authorities agree that play is an  ____________(至关重要的) part of a child's development.If you do not like it, change it.  ____________(alternative), accept it. The plan received  ____________(广泛的) support throughout the country. 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dante Gabriel Rossetti, a famous 19th century poet and artist, was once visited by an elderly man. The old man had some sketches (素描) and drawings that he wanted Rossetti to look at and tell him 1. _______ they were any good.
 Rossetti looked 2. _______ (they) over carefully. After the first few, he knew that they were worthless, 3. ______ (show) not the least sign of artistic talent. But Rossetti was kind, and he told the elderly man as _____ (gentle) as possible that the pictures were without much value. The visitor was 5. __________ (disappoint).
 He then apologized 6. _______ taking up Rossetti’s time, but asked if he would just look at a few more drawings – these had been done by a young art student. Rossetti looked over 7. _______ second batch (一批) of sketches and immediately became interested in them. “These,” he said, “Oh, these are good. This young student has great talent. He should be given praise and encouraged 8. _______ (continue) in his career as an artist. He will have a great future if he works hard and sticks at it.”
 Rossetti could see that the old fellow was deeply moved. “9. ________ is this fine young artist?” Rossetti asked. “Your son?” “No,” said the old man sadly. “It is me – 40 years ago. If only I 10. ______ (hear) your praise then! For you see, I got discouraged and gave up too soon.”语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Why does your dog follow you like a shadow, no matter where you go? “When dogs follow 11. ______ owners, there can be several scientific explanations, 12. _____ (depend) on the dog and the individual situation,” according to Mary Burch, a certified applied animal behaviorist.
 These explanations include:
 Natural instinct (本能) to be part of a pack: Domesticated (驯化的) dogs are descended (是……的后代) from wild canines that live in 13. _____ (cooperate) family groups, said Kathryn Primm Dvm, a veterinarian practicing in Tennessee. As such, it’s 14. _____ his DNA for a dog to try to fit into your pack (that is, with you and your family). In fact, a study out of Princeton University that 15. _____ (publish) in the journal, Science Advances, demonstrates that your dog’s drive 16. ______ (follow) you around (as well as watch you intently and seek physical contact from you) is actually in his genes.
 Feel good chemicals: Your 17. ______ (present) causes your dog’s brain to release “feel good” chemicals, Primm explains, citing this study. Considering 18. ______ much we as humans enjoy those feel-good chemicals, it’s no surprise your dog likes them too – and will follow you around to get some!
An obligation to help: Primm notes that “dogs 19. _______ (nature) place value on resources in order to survive”, and one of the most highly-valued resources is territory (地盘). 20. _____ you move about your home, your dog might feel that you are patrolling your territory and feel obligated to assist you.第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节  (共15小题：每小题分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHardship comes in different shapes and sizes. Losing a job. Bills overdue (逾期未付的). Illness, injuries or the death of a loved one.
 Every kind of difficulty takes its toll. But few things in life are as heartbreaking as feeling cut off from the people we love.
 Recently, while “sheltering in place” against the coronavirus, I’ve started reading to my grandkids via FaceTime.
 Mostly, I read to them because I love doing it. But I also do it for their parents’ mental health. Besides having to stay indoors, they are forced to homeschool the kids, who can’t go to school or to the park or play with their friends.
 As a mother, I didn’t do everything right. Far from it. But when my three children were small, most nights before bed, I would read to them.
 There is something important – something comforting and healing – about the age-old ritual (惯例) of reading to each other. Sometimes the words we read are so powerful that they will never be forgotten. But hearing them read is a different experience.
 When we read to ourselves, we see the words with our eyes. But when someone reads to us, we just need to be still and listen. Sometimes, the voice and the love it conveys mean far more than the words.
 Today, I read the Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing by Judy Blume, a book my kids loved long ago. Randy, 9, and Wiley, 7, thought it was funny. Elle, who’s 5, usually prefers to read to me, but this time she just wanted to talk. Next, Randy played a song for us on his guitar, the very first song he has written. Finally, I FaceTimed with Jonah, who is almost a year old. I read MOO, BAA, LA LA LA! by Sandra Boynton. He liked it so much that he gave me kisses over the phone, then we said goodbye.
 Now, more than ever, while keeping a safe distance, we all need to hold on to each other.What do we know about the author?
 A. She has gone through many difficulties in life.
 B. She thought she was an expert in parenting.
 C. She is proud of being a well-educated parent.
 D. She feels cut off from family and friends in isolation.Why did the author start reading to her grandkids?
 A. She thought it was a good way to teach kids.
 B. She used it to kill time when sheltering at home.
 C. She wanted to show her love and care for them.
 D. She wanted to compare her kids with her grandkids.23. What is the main idea of the second-to-last paragraph?
 A. What kind of stories the kids like.
 B. How the kids spent the reading time today.
 C. How the author chose certain stories for the kids.
 D. What the kids usually do when staying at home.BCooking has become a hobby and major recreation (娱乐) for many people in quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic. It’s almost impossible nowadays to check social media without at least two or three photos of delicious meals popping up on our screens. But behind the fancy recipes and boastful (炫耀的) social media posts, many of us don’t realize how much we take food for granted.
 “At the same time while dealing with a COVID-19 pandemic, we are also on the brink of a hunger pandemic,” David Beasley, executive director of the World Food Program (WFP), a United Nations agency, warned on April 20.
 Around 135 million people had been facing food shortages before the coronavirus outbreak, but now 130 million more could go hungry in 2020, said Arif Husain, chief economist at the World Food Program. Altogether, 265 million people are being pushed to the brink of starvation (饥饿) by the COVID-19 crisis.
 According to The New York Times, thousands of workers in India are lining up twice a day for bread and fried vegetables to fight against hunger. And across Colombia, poor families are hanging red clothing and flags from their windows to show that they are hungry.
 “We don’t have any money, and now we need to survive,” said Pauline Karushi, who lost her job at a jewelry store in Nairobi. “That means not eating much.”
 Lockdowns and social distancing measures contributed to loss of income for people worldwide and disrupted (打乱) agricultural production and supply routes (路线), leaving millions to worry how they will get enough to eat.
 Money alone will not be enough, according to WFP. Also crucial is ensuring (保证) that transport and supply chains stay open in the face of lockdowns.
 “There is no shortage of food globally – yet. But problems in planting, harvesting and transporting food will leave less developed countries facing even more difficult times in the coming months, especially those reliant (依赖的) on imports,” Johan Swinnen, director general of the International Food Policy Research Institute in Washington told The New York Times.
 However, for us, there’s no need for stockpiling (囤积) food, said Wei Baigang, an official from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. The reserves (储存) of rice and wheat in China are enough for the whole population for one year, according to Xinhua, and the prices remain stable.
  “We have the confidence and determination to keep our rice bowls full,” said Pan Wenbo, another official from the ministry.Past food shortagesNumbers of people in food crises in previous years (in millions)2019     135M people in      55 countries
 2018     113M people in      53 countries
 2017     124M people in      51 countries
 2016    108M people in      48 countries24. What does the underlined phrase “on the brink of” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
 A. in case of
 B. in prevention of
 C. on the edge of
 D. on the way to25. What is the main idea of Paragraphs 3-5?
 A. Causes of food crises in different countries.
 B. The seriousness of the world’s hunger problem.
 C. The negative effects of the coronavirus outbreak.
 D. Ways to fight against food shortages in different countries.26. What did Johan Swinnen tell us?
 A. Money is the key to food supply chains.
 B. The food shortage is a global problem.
 C. Self-reliant countries don’t have food shortages.
 D. Lockdowns will cause food crises in many countries.27. What did the Chinese government advise people to do?
 A. Stockpile enough food for emergencies.
 B. Prepare themselves for high food prices.
 C. Stay calm and confident in relation to food supplies.
 D. Overcome any difficulties to transport food.  CAre you curious of looking up at the stars and wondering if there’s intelligent life out there? So is Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST, 500米口径球面射电望远镜), China’s mega-science (大科学) project and the world’s largest single-dish radio telescope.
 On April 28, FAST, nicknamed “China’s Eye of Heaven”, embarked on its search for extraterrestrial intelligence (ET, 外星生物).
 As the news went viral (走红) on social networking sites, someone commented saying: “Do not answer! Do not answer! Do not Answer!”
 It seems that The Three-Body Problem (《三体》), a science fiction novel by Chinese author Liu Cixin, has influenced minds so deeply that people are worried about the possibility of the Earth being invaded (入侵) by an advanced extraterrestrial civilization.
 That worry is, at least for now, unnecessary. Of the 1,800 planets that have been discovered, less than 20 are capable of supporting life, and the nearest among them, Gliese 581, is 20.4 light-years away.
 According to Robin Hanson’s Great Filter theory, there is less than a one in a million chance of any extraterrestrial life form evolving into higher intelligence or a civilization. And since their distance from China could even be millions or billions of light-years away, if they travel at the speed of light, it would take them at least millions of years to reach us.
 However, that does not mean FAST’s job is meaningless. As mankind’s most sensitive (敏感的) radio telescope, FAST can best collect signals from the universe. Researchers can distinguish even a 4 Hz difference in the signals received, meaning it can best distinguish between manmade and ET-made signals. Even the signals from a non-ET civilization are useful, because they might contain some hidden information leading to the discovery of new stars or planets.
 With FAST joining the cause, mankind can browse (搜索) the universe more deeply than ever before and increase knowledge about the universe. And whatever it achieves is the best evidence of China’s advanced technology in astronomy and the study of the universe.What does the underlined phrase “embarked on” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
 A. ended     B. began   C. released    D. continued29. What does the “Do not answer!” comment show?
 A. The popularity of Liu Cixin’s book.
 B. Excitement at the news about FAST.
 C. People worrying about being attacked by ETs.
 D. The influence of science fiction novels on people.30. What do Paragraphs 5-6 want to tell us?
 A. What makes a planet suitable for intelligent life.
 B. People tend to worry much more than they need to.
 C. Extraterrestrial life forms will not threaten life on Earth.
 D. There is a slight possibility that an extraterrestrial civilization exists.31. What is the main idea of the last two paragraphs?
 A. The importance of FAST’s job.
 B. How FAST distinguishes between signals it collects.
 C. How the FAST radio telescope works.
 D. China’s advanced technology in astronomy.    DEvery year around this time, Girl Scouts (女童军) wear their uniforms and set up tables at supermarkets and on sidewalks to sell boxes of cookies in the US. According to the Girl Scouts of America, approximately 200 million boxes of cookies are sold each year. Girl Scouts depend on the cookie program to fund life-changing, girl-led programs and educational opportunities.
 However, amid the outbreak of COVID-19, millions of dollars worth of cookies are going unsold.
Amanda Kopelman, 16, came up with an idea and discussed it with the members of her Plantation Troop 10442.
 They are donating unsold cookies to medical professionals and first responders (急救员).
 “Having been a Girl Scout for the past 12 years and the top cookie seller for the past seven years, it truly breaks my heart when I hear that the cookie sales of my Girl Scout sisters across the nation have been cut short,” Kopelman said.
 She said knowing everyone is going through similar things, and having an international group of girls to talk to have made her time spent at home productive and pleasant.
 “The best thing about staying home under these conditions is that I’ve truly become more tech-savvy (精通技术的) and have more time to connect with many of my Girl Scout friends,” she said.
 Not only are they studying and working on virtual patches (电子贴布) and earning badges (徽章), but they are also staying connected.
 Madelyn Streisfeld, 15, said that while she misses the hands-on (亲自动手的) activities and face-to-face communication scouting provides, she recognizes that having to stay home has its benefits. 
“We’ve been able to spend a lot more time with each other online,” she said.
 They also participate in a fitness program and game nights together. “Having group video chats helps keep us connected during this scary time, this (donation) project especially has been the highlight (亮点) of my time at home,” she said.
 “Troop 10442 is a wonderful example of true Girl Scout sisterhood,” said Girl Scouts of Southeast Florida CEO Lisa Johnson. “Their think-outside-the-(cookie)-box donation is taking the leadership skills they have learned throughout their many years of Girl Scouts and putting them into action to make a difference during this difficult time.”What do we know about Girl Scouts from the first two paragraphs?
 A. They are asked to wear uniforms to school.
 B. They have raised about 200 million dollars. 
 C. They have been unable to sell their cookies due to COVID-19.
 D. They have stopped funding many educational programs.What is Plantation Troop 10442 doing in this special situation?
 A. They are donating unsold cookies to some people. 
 B. They are sending people to help medical workers.
 C. They are trying to sell their cookies online. 
 D. They are cutting down on production of cookies.What does Streisfeld consider a benefit of staying home?
 A. Becoming better at using technology.
 B. Earning badges through working online.
 C. Playing games via group video chats at night. 
 D. Spending more social time online with her friends. What did Johnson think of Plantation Troop 10442’s action?
 A. They show leadership shortcomings of Girl Scouts.
 B. They put too much effort into the cookie program.
 C. They need to be more realistic when doing things. 
 D. They are making a difference during this time.    第二节(共5小题；每小题分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Adolescents generally refer to boys and girls on the high-school level - more specifically, the second, third, and the fourth years of high school. In dealing with students at this level, 36           . Students at this level are likely to be confused mentally. They usually find it hard to concentrate on what they intend to do and often have romantic dreams. 37           They lack frankness and are usually very easily affected by their own emotions but hate to admit it. They are driven either by greater ambition, probably beyond their capability, or by extreme laziness caused by the fear of not succeeding or achieving their objectives. 38           They are willing to work, but they hate to work without obtaining the results they think they should obtain.Regarding school issues, although they seldom say so, they really want to be consulted and given an opportunity to direct their own affairs, but they need a good amount of guidance. They seldom admit that they need this guidance and they frequently rebel against it, but if it is intelligently offered they accept it with enthusiasm. As to persona] beliefs, most of adolescents are trying to form political ideas and they have a tendency to be sometimes extremely idealistic, and at other times conventional, blindly accepting what their fathers and grandfathers believed in. 39           On the one hand they are too modest, and on the other hand unreasonably boastful. They tend to be influenced more by a strong character than by great intelligence.40           Having a better understanding of the characteristics and needs of young people at this age is a task that falls on both educators and the other people involved. It may also help the young go through this difficult and critical stage of life in a more constructive manner.A. The critical abilities are beginning to develop in adolescence.B. Their view on life usually falls in two extremes.C. Of all periods of life, this is what may best be called the plastic age.D. They are basically timid or self-conscious.E. Despite that, it is also in this period that strong ties between teachers and students develop.F. Fundamentally they want to be kept-busy but they refuse to admit it.G. we must bear in mind that to some degree they are at a difficult stage, generally called adolescence.