高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet优质学案及答案

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet优质学案及答案，学案主要包含了现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式，现在完成时的被动语态的用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。


感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题
1．以上句子中所使用的时态和语态是现在完成时的被动语态。
2．现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：have/has been＋过去分词。
现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。这种语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多同学在具体运用中容易顾此失彼，难以把握。
运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题：
一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式
He has been admitted t the club.
他已被接纳为俱乐部成员了。
Tm’s nvel has nt been published.
汤姆的小说还没有被出版。
Has his bike been repaired?
他的自行车修好了吗？
Wh has been invited?
谁受到了邀请？
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语s far，by nw，up till/t nw，since等连用。
The rm has already been cleaned.
这个房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已经不用打扫房间了)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与fr或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于hw lng引出的句子中。
The machine has been repaired fr tw hurs.
这台机器已经被修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
3．用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。
Yu shuldn’t leave schl befre yur hmewrk has been finished.
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
三、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意6点问题
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was pened t the public last year.
去年这个公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去)
The park has been pened t the public.
这个公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经向公众开放了)
2.非延续性动词，如brrw，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，pen，jin等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。
The wrk was finished tw weeks ag.这项工作于两周前被完成。
The wrk has been finished.这项工作已经被完成。
3.短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It is said that the prblem has been lked int.据说已经调查了这个问题。
4．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
We have built many huses in the past ten years.
→Many huses have been built in the past ten years.
5．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，shw，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，tell，pay，lend，pass，prmise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We have given him the bk.
→He has been given the bk.
→The bk has been given t him.
6．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来省略t的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带t的不定式。
I have tld them t help yu.
→They have been tld t help yu.
Ⅰ.用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
1．Jack’s bss has always praised him fr his devtin t wrk.
→Jack has always been praised by his bss fr his devtin t wrk.
2．They have fund a gd place t build a temple in the village.
→A gd place has been fund t build a temple in the village.
3．We haven’t yet decided hw t slve that difficult technlgical prblem.
→Hw t slve that difficult technlgical prblem hasn’t been decided yet.
4．I have asked her t help yu.
→She has been asked t help yu.
5．He has given the child sme interesting bks.
→The child has been given sme interesting bks.
→Sme interesting bks have been given t the child.
Ⅱ.语法填空(用所给词的正确时态、语态填空)
Li Ming：Hi，Lin Ta.Hw nice t see yu n the first day f the new term!
Lin Ta：Yes.Nice t see yu again.
Li Ming：I knw that yur parents 6.have been wrking(wrk) in Yushu fr years.Can yu tell me smething there after the earthquake?
Lin Ta：Of curse.Since the earthquake 7.happened(happen)，many sldiers 8.have been sent(send) there，and many kinds f supplies(物资供应) 9.have been carried(carry) there frm all ver the cuntry.Nw，mst peple there 10.live/are living(live) a happy life again.
Li Ming：Hw abut the schls there?
Lin Ta：Several new schls 11.have been set(set) up and als sme schls which 12.were damaged(damage) in the earthquake 13.have been rebuilt(rebuild)．S all the students can g back t schl t study nw.
Li Ming：That’s wnderful.I’m sure their life will be better and better.When will yur parents cme back?
Lin Ta：They will be back next mnth.
基础巩固
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Fire extinguishers(灭火器) are lcated n each flr and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher nly if yu have been trained(train) t d s.(2018·天津)
2．Since 1958，they have been recgnised(recgnise) as the natinal theatre f Israel.
(2017·全国Ⅱ)
3．Mre than 100 famus films have been shwn(shw) in the city since July.
4．Up t nw，n cnclusin(结论) has been reached(reach) abut wh the first prize shuld g t.
5．Hw many cars have been built(build) in the factry since 1990?
6．Three new schls have been pened(pen) in ur city in the past five years.
7．It’s the first time that the ld cmputer has been checked(check) since I bught it.
8．Great changes have taken(take) place in my hmetwn and yu can see that a lt f factries have been set(set) up.
9．—Will Petersn cme t ur graduatin ceremny(毕业典礼)?
—It’s a pity.He has been sent(send) t India as a vlunteer teacher.
10．It’s said that the bridge has been clsed(clse) fr repairs fr mnths.
Ⅱ.单句写作
11．男孩们已经被多次告知不要在那个湖里游泳。
The bys have been tld many times nt t swim in that lake.
12．听说李涛已被复旦大学录取我们很高兴。
We are glad t hear that Li Ta has been admitted t/int Fudan University.
13．何时何地去度假还没定下来。
When and where t g n hliday has nt been decided yet.
14．虽然我们不知道讨论了什么，但是我们感觉话题已经变了。
Thugh we dn’t knw what was discussed，yet we can feel the tpic has been changed.
15．人们的健康已经受到空气、噪音和水的极大影响。
Peple’s health has been greatly affected by air，nise and water.
能力提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
As yu slwly rid yur diet f junk fd and sweets，yu’ll ntice a change: yu actually start t like thse healthy fds that yu nce refused.And as yu start fueling yur bdy with nutrients and nticing hw much better yu feel，there’s a gd chance yu’ll lse weight，t.Here’s hw yur new healthy eating habits are helping yu drp punds.
Drinking water
Finally yu decided t change thse Diet Ckes fr water? It’s a gd decisin: drinking mre water helps keep yur skin and ther cells healthy and functining prperly，and drinking enugh water keeps yu frm feeling lethargic(无精打采的) and tired.Yur new water habit is great fr yur waistline as well: drinking water helps prevent vereating.
Eat mre fruits and vegetables
Yur new weekend’s t-d list that includes a trip t the farmers’ market t stck(贮备) up n vegetables fr the week isn’t just helping yu eat mre disease-fighting nutrients; lading up n prduce is a smart weight-lss strategy.Fruits and vegetables are lw-cal，high-fiber(低卡高纤维) fd t stay satisfied and feel full lnger.
Cking at hme
Healthy eating means cking at hme mre since yu’re able t see what exactly is ging int yur fd and cntrl the amunt f salt，sugar and fat in it.Nt nly des this ensure yu’re eating the nutrients yu need，but yu’ll als save majr calries frm giving up the large buttery prtins(比例) fund in many restaurants.If yu’re new t cking and need sme tips，just surf ur page and read ur advice n hw t be a healthy ck.
16．What des the authr intend t tell us in the passage?
A．Healthy eating habits can make yu lse weight.
B．Dn’t ignre yur favrite fds in daily life.
C．Yur chice determines what yur future is.
D．Only fds with nutrients can make yu energetic.
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章的主旨和首段的尾句“Here’s hw yur new healthy eating habits are helping yu drp punds.”可知，健康的饮食习惯可以帮你减掉多余的赘肉，可知A选项(健康的饮食习惯可以让你减肥)能概括文章的主旨，故选A项。
17．The benefit f drinking water is .
A．t keep yu far away frm any illness
B．t make yu nt in the least excited
C．t reduce what yu’d prefer t take int the bdy
D．t make yur waist strng and healthy
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“drinking mre water helps keep yur skin and ther cells healthy and functining prperly，and drinking enugh water keeps yu frm feeling lethargic(无精打采的) and tired.Yur new water habit is great fr yur waistline as well: drinking water helps prevent vereating”可知，多饮水有利于皮肤健康，使你有精神不会昏昏欲睡，而且对腰围有好处，防止暴食。故选C项。
18．Where can we read the passage?
A．In a health magazine.
B．In a news reprt.
C．In a tur guide.
D．On a certain website.
答案 D
解析 文章出处题。根据全文最后一句“ surf ur page and read ur advice n hw t be a healthy ck.”可知，这篇文章出自某个网站。故选D项。
B
Fr many kids，the Internet is at their fingertips.Frm cmputers t smartphnes，a web f infrmatin is pen t them.Accrding t a new reprt frm the Pew Research Center，abut three ut f fur kids aged 12 t 13 cnnect the Internet using a mbile device(移动设备) frm time t time.Many yunger kids are nline t.
Julian Zeitlinger,9，frm New Jersey，uses his cmputer t watch vides and play games.T keep him safe nline，his parents mnitr(监测) his web use and discuss Internet safety with him.“I ask my parents fr help if smething is wrng，” Julian says.
Mbile devices ffer mre ways than ever t share persnal infrmatin.The infrmatin can be dangerus in the wrng hands.A study fund that 62% f children aged 8 t 17 have had an unpleasant nline experience.
Have yu ever had t enter a parent’s e-mail address when signing up fr a website? That safety net is there because f the Children’s Online Privacy Prtectin Act (COPPA)．The law says sites fr kids under 13 cannt cllect persnal infrmatin，such as a phne number r full name，withut a parent’s permissin(允许)．
This July，the Federal Trade Cmmissin (FTC) will update COPPA fr the first time since the law was created，in 1998—when there were n smartphnes.“The nature f the way kids get nline has changed，” FTC lawyer Phyllis Marcus said.
When the changes take effect，COPPA will apply t mbile devices and newer frms f advertising.It will expand what falls under “persnal infrmatin” t include vides，phtgraphs and services that give user lcatin (位置)．
COPPA desn’t cver everything that can g wrng nline.That’s why kids and parents need t knw what t lk ut fr and t stp and think befre sharing infrmatin nline.
“There is a misunderstanding that if a site is fllwing COPPA，it is ttally safe，” says privacy expert Shai Samet.He runs KidSAFE，which checks whether a site meets KidSAFE standards and is safe.“It’s imprtant that kids knw hw useful the Internet is but that it als can be dangerus if yu are nt careful，” he adds.
19．Julian’s parents check his web use t make sure .
A．he desn’t watch t many vides
B．he desn’t play cmputer games
C．he stays safe n the Internet
D．he cntrls his nline time
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“T keep him safe nline，his parents mnitr(监测) his web use”可知，朱利安的父母监测他的上网情况是为了确保他的网络安全。
20．Hw des the authr explain children’s unpleasant nline experiences?
A．By describing his wn experiences.
B．By presenting scientific research.
C．By shwing differences.
D．By using examples.
答案 B
解析 写作手法题。根据第三段中的“A study fund that 62% f children aged 8 t 17 have had an unpleasant nline experience.”可知，作者通过引用研究结果来说明孩子们不愉快的上网经历。
21．Peple ften hld the wrng idea that .
A．frmal websites are always safe
B．the Internet is becming safer and safer
C．COPPA can ensure their cmplete safety
D．daily checks prevent future nline prblems
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“There is a misunderstanding that if a site is fllwing COPPA，it is ttally safe”可知，人们认为遵循COPPA法案的网站可以确保他们上网的绝对安全，这是一种误解。
22．What’s the main purpse f the text?
A．T ask parents t lk ut fr their kids.
B．T tell peple t be careful nline.
C．T ffer tips n nline safety.
D．T intrduce an nline law.
答案 B
解析 写作意图题。通读全文特别是文章最后一句中的“it als can be dangerus if yu are nt careful”可知，本文旨在告诫人们在上网时应该小心谨慎。故B项符合题意。
Ⅳ.七选五
The smartphnes that can take selfies(自拍) have becme ppular.Hwever，accrding t recent news reprts，the lve fr taking a beautiful selfie has killed 12 peple this year. 23
While the prblems have been knwn fr a while，they didn’t catch peple’s attentin until the death f Hidet Ueda at Taj Mahal in India.Hidet Ueda was trying t take a selfie with his friends when they fell ff sme stairs.He hurt his head badly and passed away sn.
Other serius accidents include a Russian wman wh fell ff a bridge when she was trying t take an exciting selfie.Three Indian students suffered a similar fate after they were run ver by a train while taking a selfie n the railway tracks. 24 S they culd have been avided.
25 In July，the Russian gvernment began a prgram in the cuntry t alert(警告) its yung citizens t the danger f this hbby.The campaign’s slgan was “Even a millin ‘likes’ n scial media are less imprtant than yur life and healthy bdy.”
Many cuntries are banning the tl that has cntributed t the rise in injuries—the selfie stick！Many museums and theme parks including Disney supprt the gvernment’s decisin. 26 The West Japan Railway became the first in the wrld t give up the sticks bth inside Japan’s trains and ut n the railway.
While the actin may help reduce the incidents，the nly way t stp taking selfies related injuries and deaths is that everyne shuld take respnsibility. 27 S the next time yu r yur friends decide t take a selfie that appears a little risky，be sure t stp and ask yurself—is it wrth it?
A．Please keep ff smartphnes.
B．All f them came frm carelessness.
C．They have n permissin t use selfie sticks.
D．It is nt just fr themselves，but als fr their friends.
E．S sme believe that capturing the “ultimate” selfie is causing peple t take unnecessary risks.
F．T slve the danger taking selfies brings，fficials are taking actin.
G．Gvernments start rdering the public t give up selfie sticks.
23.答案 E
解析 上文讲述了今年已有12人因用手机自拍而死亡，E项“因此，一些人认为，拍摄‘终极’自拍会让人们冒不必要的风险”承接上文，构成因果关系。
24．答案 B
解析 设空处总结了上文自拍致死事件都是不小心造成的，因此它们本来是可以避免的，故选B项。
25．答案 F
解析 下文以俄罗斯政府展开的活动为例，说明政府官员在采取行动避免自拍带来的危险，故F项符合语境。
26．答案 C
解析 上文提到许多国家禁止使用自拍杆，许多博物馆以及主题公园都支持政府的这一措施，C项“它们不允许使用自拍杆”符合语境。
27．答案 D
解析 上文提到阻止自拍带来伤害和死亡的唯一办法就是每一个人都应该负起责任。D项承接上文，进一步指出这样做不仅仅是为了他们自己，也是为了他们的朋友。1．Much has been written abut the wnders f the Wrld Wide Web.
2．Peple’s lives have been changed by nline cmmunities and scial netwrks.
3．Many peple have been helped by the club.
4．Jan’s life has been greatly imprved by the Internet.
5．A kind f new PC has been built with mre functins.
肯定式
主语＋have/has been dne...
否定式
主语＋have/has nt been dne...
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been dne...？
特殊疑问式
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been dne...？
语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。健康的饮食习惯不仅使你拥有健康的体魄，还会使你心情愉悦。要达到这样的目的，你应该从何做起呢？
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了儿童上网的安全问题及COPPA法案的成因及发展等。
语篇解读 自拍已经成为一种时尚潮流，人们通过智能手机可以抓拍自己的美好瞬间。然而，自拍却潜藏着危险。