2021版高三英语人教版一轮复习讲义：必修四Unit1　Womenofachievement

Unit 1　Women of achievement阅读词汇1.welfare n.　　　　福利;福利事业2.project n.   项目;工程;规划3.institute n. 学会;学院;协会4.specialist n. 专家;专业工作者5.shade n. 荫;阴凉处vt. 遮住光线6.bond n.  联系;关系;结合;纽带7.nest n.  巢;窝8.outspoken adj.   直言的;坦诚9.entertainment n. 款待;娱乐;娱乐表演10.career n.   事业;生涯11.rate n. 比率;速度12.emergency n. 突发事件;紧急情况13.determination n. 决心;果断14.modest adj. 谦虚的;谦让的;适度的识记词汇1.achievement n.　　成就;功绩2.connection n. 连接;关系3.campaign n. 运动;战役vi. 作战;参加运动4.organization n. 组织;机构;团体5.behave vt.& vi. 举动;(举止或行为)表现6.behaviour n. 行为;举止;习性7.worthwhile adj. 值得的;值得做的8.observe vt. 观察;观测;遵守 9.observation n. 观察;观测10.childhood n. 童年;幼年时代11.respect vt.& n. 尊敬;尊重;敬意12.argue vt.& vi. 讨论;辩论;争论13.argument n. 争论;争辩;争吵14.crowd n. 人群;观众vt. 挤满;使拥挤15.inspire vt. 鼓舞;激发;启示 16.inspiration n. 灵感;鼓舞17.support n.& vt. 支持;拥护18.refer vi. 谈到;查阅;参考19.audience n. 观众;听众;读者20.sickness n. 疾病;恶心21.intend vt. 计划;打算22.generation n. 一代;一辈 23.kindness n. 仁慈;好意24.considerate adj. 考虑周到的25.consideration n. 考虑;体谅26.deliver vt. 递送;生(小孩儿);接生;发表(演说等)拓展词汇1.achievement n.成就;功绩→achieve vt.完成;达到2.connection n.连接;关系→connect vt.连接→connected adj.有联系的3.behave vt.& vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现→behaviour n.行为;举止;习性4.argue vt.& vi.讨论;辩论;争论;说服→argument n.争论;争辩;争吵5.inspire vt.鼓舞;激发;启示→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspiration n.鼓舞;灵感6.refer vi.谈到;查阅;参考→reference n.提及;涉及;参考;查阅7.intend vt.计划;打算→intention n.打算;目的;意图8.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider v.考虑;认为→consideration n.考虑;体谅→considering prep.考虑到短语记忆1.refer to　　　查阅;参考;谈到2.look down upon∕on 蔑视;瞧不起3.devote...to 把……献给4.lead a...life 过着……的生活5.crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海6.by chance 碰巧;凑巧7.come across (偶然)遇见;碰见8.care for 照顾;非常喜欢9.carry on 继续;坚持句型整理1.Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来,一切都会涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。2.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.突然我想起在那个年代,一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。重点语法Subject-Verb agreement(主谓一致)1.observe vt.观察;观测;遵守归纳拓展①observe+②under observation 在监视中,在观察中完成句子①因此应该制定出规章制度并严格遵守。Therefore,rules should be worked out and strictly observed.②We can observe that (我们可以看到)artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.(2019天津,单项填空) observe sb.do sth.在被动结构中应为“sb.be observed to do sth.”。词语辨析:observe“观察”,从不同的角度长时间地看并研究。watch“看,观看,特别留意”,感兴趣地看运动着的东西。notice“看到,注意到,觉察到”,偶尔看到细小的但可能是重要的事物,强调无意注意。用observe,watch,notice的适当形式填空①I didn’t notice you when you passed by.你走过时,我没有注意到你。②Other forms of parental involvement,including volunteering at school and observing a child’s class,also fail to help...家长的其他参与形式,包括在学校做志愿者和观察孩子的课堂(活动),也不能提供帮助……③He watched the sun setting behind the mountains.他注视着太阳落到山后。2.respect vt.尊敬;尊重n.尊敬,尊重;重视;方面;(pl.)敬意,问候归纳拓展①respect sb.for sth.因某事而尊重某人②have∕show respect for sb.尊重某人③out of respect for...出于对……的尊敬;顾及④in all∕many respects在各个方面∕在许多方面⑤in respect of=with respect to关于;就……而言⑥respected adj.受人尊敬的respectable adj.可敬的;正派的单句填空①Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting(respect) the privacy of your neighbor.(2018年6月浙江,七选五)②You should have∕show respect for your elders and teachers.=You should respect your elders and teachers.③Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice,out of respect for farmers’ labor. respect作名词,意为“尊敬;敬重”时,为不可数名词,多与for连用;表示“方面”时,为可数名词;表示“敬意;问候”时,多用复数形式。3.argue vi.& vt.争论;辩论;说服归纳拓展①argue with sb.about∕over sth.与某人争论某事②argument n.争论③beyond argument无可辩解 单句填空①The children are arguing with their parents about∕over where to spend their holiday.②Among the bag makers’ arguments(argue):many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.(2018年6月浙江,阅读理解B)词语辨析:discuss“讨论”,指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而交换意见。argue“争论,辩论”,指举出理由或事实来与对方争辩,有“企图说服对方”的含义。quarrel“争吵,吵架,争辩”,侧重用“口角”方式争执。用discuss,argue,quarrel的适当形式填空①The brothers quarreled last year,but now they have made it up.他们兄弟去年吵架了,但是现在又和好了。②They discussed various matters all over the world.(2017年6月浙江,完形填空)他们讨论全世界的各种各样的问题。③I argued with him for a long time,but he refused to listen to the reason.我和他争论了很长时间,但他就是不听我的理由。4.intend vt.意欲,打算;计划归纳拓展①intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事②intend打算做某事③intend sb.∕sth. for打算使……成为;想让……从事(某事)④be intended⑤had intended to do sth.(=intended to have done sth.)过去本打算做……单句填空①She intends to fight (fight) to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.②The advertisement is intended for students of all ages.③I start every summer with the best of intentions(intend): to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious.(2018年11月浙江,阅读理解C)5.deliver vt.递送;接生;发表(演说等)归纳拓展①deliver sth. (to sb.∕sth.)递送∕传送某物(给某人∕某物)②deliver a speech发表演说③deliver sb.∕sth. (over) to sb.把……移交给某人④be delivered of a baby=give birth to a baby生孩子单句填空①It was lucky that she was delivered of a healthy baby.②I finally quit delivering(deliver) newspapers and didn’t see Mrs.Stanley for several years.(2017年11月浙江,阅读理解A)1.refer to提到,说到;参考,参阅;指的是归纳拓展①refer...to...将……送交给……②refer to...as...把……当作……③in∕with reference to关于④without reference to与……无关;不管完成句子①你的笔记是很好的准备考试的参考资料。Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.②尽管她没有提任何人的名字,但大家都知道她指的是谁。Although she didn’t mention any names,everyone knew who she was referring to.2.look down on∕upon蔑视,轻视,瞧不起归纳拓展①look into调查,审查②look up抬头看;查阅;好转,改善③look up to敬仰,尊重④look on旁观⑤look on∕upon...as...把……看作……⑥look out (for...)注意;留意;留神⑦look through浏览用look的相关短语形式填空①别小看他!我坚信他是一个外粗内秀的人。Do not look down upon him!I am sure he is a diamond in the rough.②警方已经收到投诉函件,他们正在进行调查。The police have received the complaint,and they are looking into it.1.Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来,一切都会涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。once conj.引导时间状语从句,意为“一旦; 一……就……”,相当于as soon as,常用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作。归纳拓展表示“一……就……”意义的结构还有:no sooner...than..., hardly∕scarcely...when..., directly, immediately, the second, the moment, the instant等。完成句子①一旦你学会了利用失败,那么失败就能为你的生活作出积极的贡献。Failure can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to make use of it.②一旦河水被污染,要花上很多年才能恢复其生态系统。Once the rivers are polluted, it takes many years for the ecosystem in them to recover.2.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.突然我想起在那个年代,一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。归纳拓展It hit(s) sb.+从句,类似的结构还有:①It occurs∕occurred to sb.that... (某人)突然想到……②It strikes∕struck sb.that... (某人)突然想到……③It happens∕happened that... 碰巧……一句多译我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。①It hit me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.②It struck me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.③It occurred to me that the phone number I had told them was wrong.