2024年广东省百校高考英语调研试卷（2月份）（含详细答案解析）

这是一份2024年广东省百校高考英语调研试卷（2月份）（含详细答案解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Suspensin bridges，with their high twers and elegant spans （跨度），are achievements f engineering.This list cvers the lngest main spans f suspensin bridges arund the wrld，nt lngest ttal lengths，as thse main central spans are where the real engineering magic happens.
Osman Gazi Bridge，Turkiye
The Osman Gazi Bridge is a splendid suspensin bridge.The bridge was finished n July 1，2016，and at the time，it was the lngest suspensin bridge in Turkiye and the furth lngest in the wrld by the length f its main central span，which measures 1，550 meters.It reduced travel time between Istanbul and Izmir frm six hurs t arund five.
Great Belt Bridge，Denmark
The Great Belt Bridge cnnects the Danish islands Zealand and Funen.The suspensin bridge has a ttal length f 6，790 meters and a main central span f 1，624 meters，making it the wrld's sixth lngest main span — fr nw.It enabled a direct driving rute frm mainland Eurpe t Sweden thrugh Denmark.
1915 Canakkale Bridge，Turkiye
The bridge's cnstructin，which began in March 2017 and cncluded in March 2022，was ambitius frm the get-g.Spanning the histric Dardanelles Strait in nrthwestern Turkiye，the 1915 Canakkale Bridge is a symbl f natinal pride.Officially the wrld's lngest suspensin bridge，it stretches a remarkable 2，023 meters in its main central span.
Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge，China
Opened t traffic in Octber 2019，the Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge in Wuhan，Hubei Prvince，China，is the lngest suspensin bridge in China and the third lngest suspensin in the wrld.It spans 1，700 meters acrss the famus Yangtze River.The bridge ntably has the wrld's lngest duble-level bridge span，accmmdating varius frms f transprtatin n its tw levels.
1.What is the authr's purpse in writing the text？ ______
A. T make mre new friends frm different cuntries.
B. T intrduce sme suspensin bridges fit fr turism.
C. T present the challenge f building suspensin bridges.
D. T shw suspensin bridges with the lngest main spans.
2.Which bridge has the lngest main central span？ ______
A. Osman Gazi Bridge.B. Great Belt Bridge.
C. 1915 Canakkale Bridge.D. Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge.
3.What is special abut Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge？ ______
A. Its name's rigin.B. Its duble-level design.
C. Its splendid views.D. Its cnstructin difficulties.
B
A self-described "girly girl"，nine-year-ld Zandra Cunningham was cnstantly begging her parents fr the latest beauty prducts.One day her dad simply tld her "n"，which inspired her t make her wn.
Zandra has been recgnized by Entrepreneur magazine as ne f the yungest millinaires in America.When asked abut her experience as a child entrepreneur （企业家），Zandra says， "It wasn't frightening.When yu're yung，yu dn't have that fear mentality. 'Maybe it's nt ging t wrk' never really crssed my mind." Fr Zandra，it became a challenge t separate her persnal interest frm what her custmers actually wanted. "There were a lt f things that I felt were gd ideas，but they wuldn't fit int the market，" she says.Being part f the market herself，Zandra felt she had a unique perspective that allwed her t truly listen and respnd t her custmers.
It started as a hbby fr Zandra and her mm.They'd play arund with different ingredients until they fund frmulas they liked "thrugh trial and errr".Slwly，they started transfrming the pastime int a brand.Zandra began selling her prducts at lcal markets，and a few years later—when Zandra was 12 years ld — the family started a shp fr Zandra Beauty.At the time，Zandra Beauty was ne f the first brands t ffer plant-based and rganic beauty prducts at an affrdable price.The 21-year-ld has essentially grwn up alngside her brand—but her gals have remained the same： "Our main fcus is t push ut amazing prducts that are safe fr everyne and the earth."
"There're s many brands ding similar things，but there's still s much rm t grw，" says Zandra. "Yur custmers are ut there，and yu just have t find smething that's ging t set yu apart."
4.What can be inferred frm Zandra's wrds in paragraph 2？ ______ ​
A. Her yung mind made her fearless.
B. Her parents supprted her greatly.
C. She had much precius experience.
D. She was always very caring.
5.Which f the fllwing is the mst imprtant in Zandra's pinin？ ______ ​
A. Sharing her persnal interests.B. The diversity f hbbies.
C. Changing the glbal market.D. The need f custmers.
6.What kind f prduct des Zandra mainly pursue？ ______ ​
A. The ne that is cheap and useful.
B. The ne that is enjyed by her mm.
C. The ne that is created by trial and errr.
D. The ne that is reliable and ec-friendly.
7.What is Zandra's attitude twards the future f her brand？ ______ ​
A. Hpeful.B. Cncerned.C. Dubtful.D. Relieved.
C
Mst air cnditiners and fridges rely n cntracting and expanding a liquid t either absrb r release large quantities f heat.While these systems are relatively cheap and simple t prduce，they aren't very efficient and require lts f energy.Besides，many f the clants used are envirnmentally harmful.
Nw，Emmanuel Defay at the Luxemburg Institute f Science and Technlgy and his clleagues have develped a clant-free refrigeratin device made frm the metals lead，scandium （钪） and tantalum （钼）.It can reach maximum efficiencies f mre than 60%，almst duble that f typical single-rm air cnditining units.The technlgy is based n a principle called electrcalric cling，in which an electric field applied acrss a material changes the directin f electric charges，causing a temprary increase in temperature and a succeeding decrease when the electric field is remved.
T make their cling system，Defay and his clleagues piled up eight strips f the material knwn as lead scandium tantalate，which is electrcalric，n tp f ne anther and dipped them in a heat-carrying liquid，silicne il.When an electric field is switched n and the strips heat up，the liquid mves t the right，and when it cls dwn，it mves t the left，creating permanent regins f ht and cld f abut 20℃difference.These regins can be used as ht and cld reservirs frm which the il can be circulated thrugh pipes t cl r heat rms r bjects as desired.
"Althugh the efficiency f the device is theretically 67%，the efficiency f the current design is arund 12%.This culd be imprved if a better cnductr f heat than the lead scandium tantalate were fund，" said Defay.
"A highest perfrmance has been achieved by cmbining knwn elements，" said NeilMathur at the University f Cambridge.Hwever，he added，the team nly lked at the cling pwer f the pile f metal strips themselves，while it wuld be interesting t see hw the entire device perfrms tgether.
8.What des the authr think f the system f traditinal air cnditiners？ ______
A. Efficient.B. Expensive.
C. Highly energy-cnsuming.D. Envirnmentally-friendly.
9.What is the third paragraph mainly abut？ ______
A. The aim f Defay and his clleagues.
B. The material f the new cling system.
C. The prpsal f Defay and his clleagues.
D. The wrking principle f the new cling system.
10.What matters in the current efficiency f the device researched by Defay's team？ ______
A. The extensive experiments.B. The prper equipment.
C. The ideal temperature.D. The apprpriate materials.
11.What's the authr likely t talk abut next？ ______
A. The perfrmance f the new cling system.
B. The research team's next arrangement.
C. The sales prmtin f the new device.
D. Neil Mathur's cmments n the device.
D
A research mdel f dietary intake in 184 cuntries，develped by researchers at the Friedman Schl f Nutritin Science and Plicy at Tufts University，estimates that pr diet cntributed t ver 14.1 millin cases f type 2 diabetes （糖尿病） in 2018，representing ver 70% f new diagnses glbally.The analysis，which lked at data frm 1990 and 2018，prvides valuable insight int which dietary factrs are driving the burden f type 2 diabetes in the wrld regin.
Of the 11 dietary factrs cnsidered，3 had an utsized cntributin t the rising glbal incidence f type 2 diabetes：insufficient intake f whle grains，excesses f refined （精制的） rice and wheat，and the vercnsumptin f prcessed meat.Factrs such as drinking t much fruit juice and nt eating enugh nn-starchy vegetables，nuts，r seeds，had less f an impact n new cases f the disease.
"Our study suggests pr carbhydrate quality is a leading driver f diet-attributable type2 diabetes glbally，and with imprtant variatin by natin and ver time，" said senir authr Dariush Mzaffarian，Jean Mayer Prfessr f Nutritin. "These new findings reveal critical areas fr natinal and glbal fcus t imprve nutritin and reduce devastating burdens f diabetes."
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by the resistance f the bdy's cells t insulin （胰岛素）.Of the 184 cuntries included in the Nature Medicine study，all saw an increase in type 2 diabetes cases between 1990 and 2018，representing a grwing burden n individuals，families，and healthcare systems.
The analysis revealed that pr diet is causing a larger prprtin f ttal type 2 diabetes incidence in men versus wmen，in yunger versus lder adults，and in urban versus rural residents at the glbal level.Reginally，Central and Eastern Eurpe and Central Asia，particularly in Pland and Russia，where diets tend t be rich in red meat，prcessed meat，and ptates，had the greatest number f type 2 diabetes cases linked t diet.
12.Hw did researchers draw their cnclusin？ ______
A. Thrugh data analysis.B. Thrugh fllw-up visits.
C. Thrugh ding experiments.D. Thrugh wrldwide surveys.
13.What des the underlined wrd "devastating" in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Impressive.B. Destructive.C. Rewarding.D. Identical.
14.Which f the fllwing is less likely t cause type 2 diabetes？ ______
A. Whle grains.B. Ptates.C. Refined wheat.D. Prcessed meat.
15.What is the best title fr the text？ ______
A. Diets determine the type f diabetes
B. It is imprtant t imprve nutritin
C. Type 2 diabetes is cmmn glbally
D. Type 2 diabetes is linked t pr diets
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Negative peple dn't d as well in any area f life including schl，wrk，family，r friendships as thse wh are mre ptimistic and pleasant.Nbdy enjys spending time with smene wh cmplains r criticizes.Grateful peple are happier，kinder，mre helpful，and mre ppular.（1） ______ .
Catch yur kid being wnderful
In everyday life，it is easy t fcus n what is ging wrng.Practice being aware f thse mments yur child is ding smething gd，kind，r brave.（2） ______ .
Start a bedtime gratitude practice
Think abut ne thing in yur life fr which yu are grateful.It can be a persn，an activity，a future plan r even a pssessin.Think abut hw yu have been r will be imprtant in making that a happy part f yur life until yu fall asleep.（3） ______ .It is particularly useful fr a child r adult wh has a hard time falling asleep.
（ 4） ______
Just like adults，kids are getting annyed when they're hungry，tired，cld r therwise uncmfrtable.S d yur best t give yur child a predictable rutine f meals，playtime，utdr time and rest.
Celebrate being alive
（5） ______ .And they usually respnd well when we encurage them t fcus n the gdness，surprises，and amazing beauty we can always find here and nw.Ntice yur child's hpeful smile，yur neighbr's flwer garden，and clrs that surrund yu.Say thank yu t thse that brighten yur day.
A.Avid predictable negative experiences
B.Making this a habit leads t a deeper sleep
C.Be frequently，penly and intentinally grateful
D.Children are much better than adults at living in the mment
E.Frtunately，there are sme simple ways t practice gratitude
F.Let yur gratitude be the beginning f wnderful things t cme
G.Shw yur child hw much yu appreciate their presence in yur life
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
I was brn in 1898 in Marshall，Texas，the ldest f five kids.Papa culdn't （1） ______ the mney fr me t g t schl.If I had ne （2） ______ ，it was never learning hw t read.
When I turned 65，I （3） ______ ，but I didn't stp wrking.Fr the next 25 years，I （4） ______ t my garden and did yard wrk fr peple nearby.I （5） ______ all that when I was nearly 90.I ught t be （6） ______ tired.But my eyes were gd and I gt all my teeth.Peple arund were always trying t （7） ______ me t use a walking cane.But the nly（8） ______ I ever saw said I had the bdy f a 60-year-ld.
One day，when I was walking dwn the street，a yung fellw （9） ______ me and handed me a piece f paper.
"What's this？" I asked.
"It's （10） ______ abut adult educatin classes at Lincln Instructinal Center.Adults can study fr their degrees，learn math，learn t read and write..."
I （11） ______ t hear the rest f what he said.Instead，I felt a warmth deep dwn inside me.My lifelng wish was t learn t read.It was high time fr （12） ______ .I gt int the yung man's car and he drve a few blcks t an ld building.I knew it well—it was where all my seven （13） ______ had gne t schl.I had （14） ______ the building s many times.But this time it was （15） ______ ，because it was ging t be my wn schl.
21.A. raiseB. shareC. affrdD. dnate
22.A. slutinB. regretC. painD. surprise
23.A. recveredB. survivedC. succeededD. retired
24.A. attendedB. returnedC. drveD. hurried
25.A. put ffB. gave upC. called ffD. picked up
26.A. extremelyB. nearlyC. slightlyD. gradually
27.A. enableB. frceC. encurageD. persuade
28.A. driverB. reprterC. dctrD. prfessr
29.A. cmfrtedB. pushedC. searchedD. apprached
30.A. infrmatinB. imprtanceC. develpmentD. histry
31.A. desiredB. expectedC. failedD. decided
32.A. attentinB. actinC. rewardD. prgress
33.A. childrenB. friendsC. neighbrsD. brthers
34.A. checkedB. missedC. enteredD. designed
35.A. impressiveB. changeableC. unfrgettableD. different
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.When I was at Dnghua University in Shanghai，I had an hnr f shwcasing ur traditinal Uzbek dances at a cultural event fr internatinal students，（1） ______ （intrduce） my culture t thers.It was a remarkable experience（2） ______ （teach） and share ur unique dance frm，and it left（3） ______ lasting impressin.
Hwever，utside f campus，I ften fund myself wandering int the park，in（4） ______ I wuld sit and watch peple dancing n the square.This public activity ges beynd age and backgrund，ffering a medicine t the（5） ______ （lnely） and physical inactivity that ften accmpanies aging.It was a heartwarming demnstratin t the inclusiveness （包容性） and vitality f mdern Chinese sciety：lder peple（6） ______ retired peple gather，nt just t exercise，but t scialize and frm mre new（7） ______ （cnnectin）.
S far，these tw wrlds—the public dancing with vitality in China and the rich Uzbek dance traditin—（8） ______ （shape） my life prfundly and brught me bundless jy.
Dancing，whether in the mdern city f China r Uzbekistan，（9） ______ （cntinue） t be the rhythm f my life.It serves（10） ______ a bridge between cultures，an expressin f the human spirit and a reminder that the jy f dance ges beynd brders，languages，and backgrunds.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是英语课代表李华，班主任给你指派了新的工作，所以你需要辞去英语课代表的职务。请你给外教Mary写一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）阐明写信事由；
（2）表示感谢；
（3）愿意做好交接工作。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为 80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mary，
________
Yurs truly，
Li Hua
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
T me，yu can becme a her just by deciding t g fr a run every mrning.But what if yu stp yur run t save a grup f pets frm a burning huse？That's the making f a superher.
The sun rse in the buzz f the alarm clck，and a new day began.Paul Murphy turned ff his alarm，put n his running clthes and went ut fr his daily run.When he was running past a huse，he saw a smking garage.He stpped at the huse and pressed the buttn n the newly installed ring drbell camera.N ne was hme，s he heard a recrding， "He can't answer the dr right nw，but if yu'd like t leave a message，yu can d it nw." Murphy was wild with anxiety，because he culd d nthing but dial 911.Just after a while，a wman's vice came thrugh the speaker， "Hi!"
"Hell？" he said in the vide. "There's smke cming ut f the tp f yur huse."
Nt gd!Curtney Plit，wh wns the hme and was the vice cming thrugh the ring speaker，heard the huse's smke alarms ging ff.
At this very mment，she was n duty in her ffice 48 miles away and her husband and kids were ut n hliday.What wrried her mst were her fur lving pets.But in the face f the emergency，every secnd cunted.Plit had n time t think，and she gave Murphy the security cde t enter her hme and save her pets.After getting the access cde，Murphy ran int the huse t save the family's tw dachshunds （腊肠犬），a cat，and a rabbit.Thrugh the camera，Plit first saw Murphy running ut f the hme carrying ne f the dachshunds t safety.Withut a stp，Murphy threw himself int the rescue attempt f the ther three pets.Finally，he rescued them all frm the burning hme.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Murphy was safely utside the huse when the firefighters arrived n the scene.________
Plit said she was lking frward t giving Murphy a hug t thank him.________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、C、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段Suspensin bridges，with their high twers and elegant spans （跨度），are achievements f engineering.This list cvers the lngest main spans f suspensin bridges arund the wrld，nt lngest ttal lengths，as thse main central spans are where the real engineering magic happens. （悬索桥的高塔和优雅的跨度是工程学的成就。这份名单涵盖了世界上拥有最长主跨度的悬索桥，而不是最长的总长度，因为那些主中心跨度才是真正的工程奇迹发生的地方。）以及下文介绍了四座悬索桥。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍世界上主跨度最长的四座悬索桥，展示其工程学的成就。因此D项T shw suspensin bridges with the lngest main spans（展示主跨最长的悬索桥）符合题意，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Osman Gazi Bridge，Türkiye中的The bridge was finished n July 1，2016，and at the time，it was the lngest suspensin bridge in Türkiye and the furth lngest in the wrld by the length f its main central span，which measures 1，550 meters. （这座桥于2016年7月1日完工，当时它是土耳其最长的悬索桥，也是世界上第四长的悬索桥，其主中心跨度为1550米。）以及Great Belt Bridge，Denmark中"The suspensin bridge has a ttal length f 6，790 meters and a main central span f 1，624 meters，making it the wrld's sixth lngest main span — fr nw. （这座悬索桥全长6790米，主中心跨度为1624米，目前是世界上第六长的主跨度。）1915 Çanakkale Bridge，Türkiye中"Officially the wrld's lngest suspensin bridge，it stretches a remarkable 2，023 meters in its main central span.（它是官方公布的世界上最长的悬索桥，其主中心跨度达到了惊人的2023米。）和Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge，China中"It spans 1，700 meters acrss the famus Yangtze River.（它横跨著名的长江，全长1700米。）可知，土耳其1915恰纳卡莱大桥的主中心跨度最大。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge，China中的The bridge ntably has the wrld's lngest duble-level bridge span，accmmdating varius frms f transprtatin n its tw levels. （值得一提的是，这座桥拥有世界上最长的双层桥梁跨度，在两层上可容纳各种形式的交通工具。）可知，杨泗港长江大桥的特别之处在于其双层结构的设计。因此B项Its duble-level design（双层设计）符合题意，故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上拥有最长主跨度的悬索桥。
考查应用文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
4~7.【答案】A、D、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中Zandra的话It wasn't frightening.When yu're yung，yu dn't have that fear mentality. 'Maybe it's nt ging t wrk' never really crssed my mind.（这并不可怕。当你年轻的时候，你不会有那种恐惧的心态。我从来没有想过"也许这行不通"）可知，从Zandra的话可以推出年轻的头脑使她无所畏惧。所以"A．Her yung mind made her fearless.她年轻的头脑使她无所畏惧。"正确。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Fr Zandra，it became a challenge t separate her persnal interest frm what her custmers actually wanted. "There were a lt f things that I felt were gd ideas，but they wuldn't fit int the market，" she says.Being part f the market herself，Zandra felt she had a unique perspective that allwed her t truly listen and respnd t her custmers.（对赞德拉来说，将她的个人兴趣与客户的实际需求区分开来是一个挑战。她说："我觉得有很多东西都是好主意，但它们不适合市场。"作为市场的一部分，赞德拉觉得自己有一个独特的视角，让她能够真正倾听并回应客户。）可知，Zandra认为真正倾听和回应她的客户的需求才是最重要的。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段At the time，Zandra Beauty was ne f the first brands t ffer plant-based and rganic beauty prducts at an affrdable price.The 21-year-ld has essentially grwn up alngside her brand—but her gals have remained the same： "Our main fcus is t push ut amazing prducts that are safe fr everyne and the earth."（当时，Zandra Beauty是最早以实惠的价格提供植物性和有机美容产品的品牌之一。这位21岁的女孩基本上是和她的品牌一起成长的，但她的目标仍然不变："我们的主要重点是推出对每个人和地球都安全的神奇产品。"）可知，Zandra的产品是植物性的有机美容产品，对每个人和地球都是安全的。所以她的产品主要追求产品的可靠和环保。故选D。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段There're s many brands ding similar things，but there's still s much rm t grw（有很多品牌在做类似的事情，但仍有很大的发展空间）和Yur custmers are ut there，and yu just have t find smething that's ging t set yu apart.（你的客户就在那里，你只需要找到能让你与众不同的东西）可推知，Zandra认为自己的品牌仍然有很大的发展空间，对自己品牌的未来满怀希望。故选A。
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了九岁的Zandra Cunningham从小就对美容产品感兴趣，她自学制作美容产品并在当地市场销售，后来创立了自己的美容品牌Zandra Beauty。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】C、D、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段While these systems are relatively cheap and simple t prduce，they aren't very efficient and require lts f energy.（虽然这些系统相对便宜且生产简单，但效率不高且需要大量能源）可知，作者认为传统的空调系统是高耗能的。故选C。
（2）段落大意题。根据第三段T make their cling system，Defay and his clleagues piled up eight strips f the material knwn as lead scandium tantalate，which is electrcalric，n tp f ne anther and dipped them in a heat-carrying liquid，silicne il.When an electric field is switched n and the strips heat up，the liquid mves t the right，and when it cls dwn，it mves t the left，creating permanent regins f ht and cld f abut 20℃difference.These regins can be used as ht and cld reservirs frm which the il can be circulated thrugh pipes t cl r heat rms r bjects as desired.（为了制造他们的冷却系统，德菲和他的同事们将8条被称为钽酸铅钪的材料堆叠在一起，这是一种电热材料，并将它们浸入导热液体硅油中。当电场打开时，这些条带被加热，液体向右移动，当它冷却下来时，它向左移动，形成了大约20℃的永久冷热区。这些区域可以用作冷热储层，油可以通过管道循环，根据需要冷却或加热房间或物体）可知，本段主要介绍了新型制冷系统的工作原理。因此D．The wrking principle f the new cling system.（新冷却系统的工作原理。）是第三段的段落大意。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段This culd be imprved if a better cnductr f heat than the lead scandium tantalate were fund（如果能找到一种比钽酸铅钪更好的导热体，这种情况可能会得到改善）可知，恰当的材料在这个装置的当前效率方面起着重要作用。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段"A highest perfrmance has been achieved by cmbining knwn elements，" said NeilMathur at the University f Cambridge.Hwever，he added，the team nly lked at the cling pwer f the pile f metal strips themselves，while it wuld be interesting t see hw the entire device perfrms tgether.（剑桥大学的NeilMathur表示："通过将已知元素组合在一起，实现了最高性能。"然而，他补充说，研究小组只研究了一堆金属条本身的冷却能力，而观察整个设备的整体性能将是一件很有趣的事情）可知，本段主要介绍了Neil Mathur对这个新装置的期待。由此可推出，接下来作者可能会介绍这个研究团队的下一步计划安排。故选B。
这是一篇说明文。研究人员研发了一种新型的制冷系统，它可以大幅减少能源消耗。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】A、B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段The analysis，which lked at data frm 1990 and 2018，prvides valuable insight int which dietary factrs are driving the burden f type 2 diabetes in the wrld regin.（该分析研究了1990年至2018年的数据，为了解哪些饮食因素导致世界地区2型糖尿病的负担提供了有价值的见解）可知，研究人员通过数据分析得出结论。故选A。
（2）词句猜测题。根据第三段Our study suggests pr carbhydrate quality is a leading driver f diet-attributable type2 diabetes glbally，and with imprtant variatin by natin and ver time（我们的研究表明，低碳水化合物质量是全球饮食可归因于2型糖尿病的主要驱动因素，并且随着国家和时间的推移存在重要差异）以及划线词后文burdens f diabetes可知，这些新发现揭示了国家和全球关注的关键领域，以改善人们的营养状况，减轻糖尿病的破坏性负担。故划线词意思是"破坏性的"。A．Impressive印象深刻的；B．Destructive有破坏力的；C．Rewarding有回报的；D．Identical完全相同的。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段Of the 11 dietary factrs cnsidered，3 had an utsized cntributin t the rising glbal incidence f type 2 diabetes：insufficient intake f whle grains，excesses f refined （精制的） rice and wheat，and the vercnsumptin f prcessed meat.Factrs such as drinking t much fruit juice and nt eating enugh nn-starchy vegetables，nuts，r seeds，had less f an impact n new cases f the disease.（在考虑的11个饮食因素中，有3个因素对全球2型糖尿病发病率的上升有很大的贡献：全谷物摄入不足，精制大米和小麦摄入过量，加工肉类摄入过量。喝太多果汁和没有吃足够的非淀粉类蔬菜、坚果或种子等因素对新发病例的影响较小）可知，全谷物摄入引起2型糖尿病的可能性较小。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段A research mdel f dietary intake in 184 cuntries，develped by researchers at the Friedman Schl f Nutritin Science and Plicy at Tufts University，estimates that pr diet cntributed t ver 14.1 millin cases f type 2 diabetes （糖尿病） in 2018，representing ver 70% f new diagnses glbally.（塔夫茨大学弗里德曼营养科学与政策学院的研究人员开发了184个国家的饮食摄入研究模型，据估计，2018年，不良饮食导致了1410多万例2型糖尿病病例，占全球新诊断病例的70%以上）结合文章主要说明了研究人员通过数据分析发现，2018年，不良饮食导致了1410多万例2型糖尿病病例，占全球新诊断病例的70%以上。选项D．Type 2 diabetes is linked t pr diets"2型糖尿病与不良饮食有关"最符合文章标题。故选D。
本文是说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员通过数据分析发现，2018年，不良饮食导致了1410多万例2型糖尿病病例，占全球新诊断病例的70%以上。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】E、G、B、A、D
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文Negative peple dn't d as well in any area f life including schl，wrk，family，r friendships as thse wh are mre ptimistic and pleasant.Nbdy enjys spending time with smene wh cmplains r criticizes.Grateful peple are happier，kinder，mre helpful，and mre ppular.（消极的人在生活的任何领域，包括学校、工作、家庭或友谊，都不如那些更乐观、更愉快的人做得好。没有人喜欢花时间和抱怨或批评的人在一起。感恩的人更快乐，更善良，更乐于助人，更受欢迎。）可知，以及后文介绍了如何成为一个懂得感恩的人。故E选项Frtunately，there are sme simple ways t practice gratitude（幸运的是，有一些简单的方法可以让你学会感恩。）符合语境，故选E。
（2）联系上文题。根据第二段的小标题Catch yur kid being wnderful（捕捉孩子们的闪光点）以及上文In everyday life，it is easy t fcus n what is ging wrng.Practice being aware f thse mments yur child is ding smething gd，kind，r brave.（在日常生活中，人们很容易关注出了什么问题。练习意识到你的孩子正在做一些好的、善良的或勇敢的事情）可知，本段主要说明了要学会抓住孩子的闪光点，多鼓励孩子，G选项中child对应上文kid。故G选项Shw yur child hw much yu appreciate their presence in yur life（告诉你的孩子你有多感激他们出现在你的生活中。）符合语境，故选G。
（3）联系下文题。根据后文It is particularly useful fr a child r adult wh has a hard time falling asleep.（这对难以入睡的儿童或成人尤其有用）可知，本句主要说明睡得更好的建议。故B选项Making this a habit leads t a deeper sleep（养成这样的习惯会让你睡得更深。）符合语境，故选B。
（4）标题判断题。根据本段内容Just like adults，kids are getting annyed when they're hungry，tired，cld r therwise uncmfrtable.S d yur best t give yur child a predictable rutine f meals，playtime，utdr time and rest.（就像成年人一样，孩子们在饿了、累了、冷了或其他不舒服的时候也会生气。所以尽你所能给你的孩子一个可预测的日常饮食、游戏时间、户外时间和休息时间）可知，本段给出的建议是预测孩子可能生气的情况，提前预防。故A选项Avid predictable negative experiences（避免可预见的负面经历）符合语境。故选A。
（5）联系下文题。根据后文And they usually respnd well when we encurage them t fcus n the gdness，surprises，and amazing beauty we can always find here and nw.Ntice yur child's hpeful smile，yur neighbr's flwer garden，and clrs that surrund yu.Say thank yu t thse that brighten yur day.（当我们鼓励他们关注当下的美好、惊喜和令人惊叹的美时，他们通常会做出很好的反应。注意你孩子充满希望的微笑，邻居的花园，以及你周围的颜色。对那些照亮你生活的人说声谢谢）可知，孩子们能很好地关注当下的美好、惊喜和令人惊叹的美，即更能活在当下，D选项中in the mment对应后文here and nw。故D选项Children are much better than adults at living in the mment（孩子比成年人更善于活在当下。）符合语境，故选D。
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了如何成为一个懂得感恩的人。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】C、B、D、A、B、A、D、C、D、A、C、B、A、C、D
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.raise筹集；B.share分享；C.affrd买得起；D.dnate捐赠。句意：爸爸付不起我上学的钱。根据后文"it was never learning hw t read."作者没学会阅读可知是因为父亲没钱让作者去上学。故选C。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.slutin解决方案；B.regret遗憾；C.pain痛苦；D.surprise惊讶。句意：如果说我有什么遗憾的话，那就是从未学会阅读。根据后文"it was never learning hw t read"以及作者后来去上学，可知，没能学会阅读是作者的遗憾。故选B。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.recvered恢复；B.survived生存；C.succeeded成功；D.retired退休。句意：当我65岁的时候，我退休了，但我没有停止工作。根据上文"When I turned 65"可知，65岁是退休的年龄。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.attended照顾；B.returned返回；C.drve驾驶；D.hurried急忙。句意：在接下来的25年里，我一直打理我的花园，并为附近的人在院子里干活。根据后文"t my garden"可知，作者一直照料自己的花园。故选A。
（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.put ff推迟；B.gave up放弃；C.called ff取消；D.picked up捡起。句意：我在快90岁的时候放弃了这一切。根据后文"all that when I was nearly 90"可知，作者年龄大了，于是放弃了照顾花园和工作。故选B。
（6）考查副词及语境理解。A.extremely非常；B.nearly几乎；C.slightly稍微；D.gradually逐渐地。句意：我本应该感到非常累了。根据上文"when I was nearly 90"可知，作者90岁了应该非常疲惫了。故选A。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.enable使能够；B.frce迫使；C.encurage鼓励；D.persuade说服。句意：周围的人总是试图说服我使用手杖。根据后文"me t use a walking cane"指周围的人劝说作者使用手杖。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.driver司机；B.reprter记者；C.dctr医生；D.prfessr专家。句意：但是我唯一看过的医生说我有一个60岁的身体。根据后文"I ever saw said I had the bdy f a 60-year-ld"提到作者的检查结果是有一个60岁的身体，说明作者去看了医生。故选C。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.cmfrted安慰；B.pushed推；C.searched搜索；D.apprached靠近。句意：一天，当我走在街上时，一个年轻人走向我，递给我一张纸。根据后文"me and handed me a piece f paper"指年轻人靠近作者，递给作者一张纸。故选D。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.infrmatin信息；B.imprtance重要性；C.develpment发展；D.histry历史。句意："这是关于林肯教学中心成人教育课程的信息。"根据后文"adult educatin classes at Lincln Instructinal Center"可知，纸上是关于林肯教学中心成人教育课程的信息。故选A。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.desired渴望；B.expected期待；C.failed失败；D.decided决定。句意：我没能听到他说的其余部分。根据上文"Adults can study fr their degrees，learn math，learn t read and write...（成年人可以为学位而学习，学习数学，学习阅读和写作……）"指作者没能听完对方的话，短语fail t d sth.表示"未能做某事"。故选C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.attentin注意力；B.actin行动；C.reward奖励；D.prgress进步。句意：该是采取行动的时候了。根据后文"I gt int the yung man's car and he drve a few blcks t an ld building.（我上了那个年轻人的车，他开了几个街区来到一座老建筑前）"可知，作者决定采取行动去上学。故选B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.children孩子；B.friends朋友；C.neighbrs邻居；D.brthers兄弟。句意：我对它很熟悉——我的七个孩子都在那里上学。根据后文"had gne t schl"可知，作者熟悉这里是因为自己的孩子在这里上过学。故选A。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.checked检查；B.missed错过；C.entered进入；D.designed设计。句意：我进过这栋楼很多次。上文I knew it well—it was where all my seven （13）had gne t schl.提到作者的孩子在这里上过学，所以是进出过很多次了。故选C。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.impressive印象深刻的；B.changeable变化的；C.unfrgettable难忘的；D.different不同的。句意：但是这一次不同了，因为这将是我自己的学校。根据后文"because it was ging t be my wn schl"可知，这里如今是作者的学校了，不同于以前是孩子上学的地方了。故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候因为家里没钱没能去上学，快90岁的时候，作者在街上接到一份成人教育课程的传单，于是开始去上学。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】intrducing
【小题2】t teach
【小题3】a
【小题4】which
【小题5】lneliness
【小题6】and
【小题7】cnnectins
【小题8】have shaped
【小题9】cntinues
【小题10】as
【解析】（1）考查现在分词。句意：当我在上海东华大学时，我很荣幸地在一次国际学生文化活动中展示了我们的传统乌兹别克舞蹈，向别人介绍了我们的文化。分析句子可知，intrduce与逻辑主语Ⅰ是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填intrducing。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：教授和分享我们独特的舞蹈形式是一次非凡的经历，给人留下了深刻的印象。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词experience。故填t teach。
（3）考查不定冠词。句意：教授和分享我们独特的舞蹈形式是一次非凡的经历，给人留下了深刻的印象。根据句意可知，这里泛指一个永恒的印象，且lasting是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：然而，在校园外，我经常发现自己漫步到公园里，我会坐在那里看人们在广场上跳舞。分析句子可知，此处先行词the park在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用in which来引导定语从句。故填which。
（5）考查不可数名词。句意：这种公共活动超越了年龄和背景，为经常伴随衰老而来的孤独和缺乏运动提供了一剂良药。根据前面的冠词可知，应成名词lneliness，不可数。故填lneliness。
（6）考查连词。句意：这是一个温馨的例子，展示了现代中国社会的包容性和活力：老年人和退休人员聚集在一起，不仅仅是为了锻炼身体，而是为了社交和建立更多的新联系。分析句子可知，句中lder peple和retired peple是并列关系，故填and。
（7）考查可数名词复数。句意：这是一个温馨的例子，展示了现代中国社会的包容性和活力：老年人和退休人员聚集在一起，不仅仅是为了锻炼身体，而是为了社交和建立更多的新联系。根据空前的mre new可知，此处应用cnnectin的复数形式。故填cnnectins。
（8）考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这两个世界——中国充满活力的大众舞蹈和乌兹别克斯坦丰富的舞蹈传统——深刻地塑造了我的生活，给我带来了无限的快乐。根据时间状语S far可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为these tw wrlds，助动词用have。故填have shaped。
（9）考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：无论是在中国的现代都市还是在乌兹别克斯坦，跳舞一直是我生活的节奏。分析句子可知，cntinue是谓语动词，上下文时态为一般现在时，主语Dancing是单数，谓语用三单形式。故填cntinues。
（10）考查介词。句意：它是文化之间的桥梁，是人类精神的表达，提醒人们舞蹈的快乐超越了国界、语言和背景。分析句子可知，serve as意为"充当"。故填as。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者传播传统乌兹别克舞蹈文化的经历。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Mary，
Please accept this as my resignatin frm the pst f assistant t English teacher.Actually，I'm nt willing t give up the pst.But my class teacher has assigned me a new jb.And I really wrry abut nt being able t d bth jbs.（阐明写信事由）
My last day will be the end f this mnth，tw weeks frm tday.I appreciate the valuable experience I have gained frm the pst.【高分句型一】It has been a pleasure wrking as yur assistant. （表示感谢）
Please let me knw hw I can help during this transitin and make it as smth as pssible.【高分句型二】I wish yu all the best.（愿意做好交接工作）
Yurs truly， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I appreciate the valuable experience I have gained frm the pst.
译文：我很感激我从这个职位上获得的宝贵经验。
分析：这句话使用了省略了关系代词的定语从句I have gained frm the pst。
高分句型二：Please let me knw hw I can help during this transitin and make it as smth as pssible.
译文：请让我知道如何在这个过渡过程中提供帮助，并使其尽可能顺利。
分析：这句话使用了hw引导的宾语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Murphy was safely utside the huse when the firefighters arrived n the scene.With the help f their prfessinal equipment，the fire was sn under cntrl.Feeling he was nt needed any mre，Murphy tk ff t g n with his running befre the hmewner returned t thank him.The best ut f the wrst，there was n majr prperty damage and all the pets were brught t safety.The fire department tld Plit that her family wuld have lst everything in 10 minutes if Murphy hadn't stpped his run.【高分句型一】（描写了墨菲在屋主回来之前就离开以及消防员告知损失情况）
Plit said she was lking frward t giving Murphy a hug t thank him.She released several vides n the scial media and tried t find the kind and brave runner.She declared that she wanted t give him a hug and brught him t lunch r dinner.【高分句型二】 "I dn't just want t thank him and let him knw hw thankful we are.My kids，my husband and I wuld be devastated if we lst ur pets，let alne ur hme，" Plit tld the TV statin.（描写了屋主在网上发布视频寻找墨菲，想要感谢墨菲）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了保罗•墨菲在早上跑步的时候发现一家起火的房子，他及时警告了这家人，并且跑进屋里救出了屋主的宠物。而墨菲则在屋主回来之前就离开了，屋主在社交媒体上发布了几段视频，试图找到这位善良勇敢的跑步者。
高分句型一：The fire department tld Plit that her family wuld have lst everything in 10 minutes if Murphy hadn't stpped his run.
翻译：消防部门告诉波利托，如果墨菲没有停止奔跑，她的家人将在10分钟内失去一切。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句和if引导的非真实条件状语从句，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
高分句型二：She declared that she wanted t give him a hug and brught him t lunch r dinner.
翻译：她说她想给他一个拥抱，然后带他去吃午餐或晚餐。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。