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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection单元测试课后练习题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection单元测试课后练习题，共14页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
I dn’t knw hw yu __________ (忍受) that nise!
__________ (核能的) plants are expensive t build, thugh cheap t perate.
She burst int tears, __________ (释放) all her pent-up emtins.
The huse shuld be __________ (适合居住的) by the new year.
It was a live __________ (广播节目), nt a recrding.
The wrestlers try t __________ (抓住) hld f each ther.
On the flr f the __________ (盆地) lie deserts, lakes and swamps.
He was an effective supprter f __________ (改革).
Hw d yu measure the __________ (体积) f the gas?
Such kindness __________ (恢复) yur faith in human nature.
单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. T ur shck, many children in underdevelped regins die f __________ (starve).
2. We shuld take an active part in sprts and utdr activities _________ (frequent).
3. We risk upsetting the __________ (eclgy) balance f the area.
4. But is thrwing things away a ____________ (sustain) apprach?
5. They were __________ (cmprehensive) beaten in the final.
6. I enjyed being able t g ut and buy __________ (trend) clthes.
7. The gvernment has agreed t lift __________ (restrict) n press freedm.
8. When is the final date fr the __________ (submit) f prpsals?
9. The exhibitin is held __________ (annual).
10. He seems cmpletely __________ (sensitive) t criticism. I think he desn’t knw what shame is.
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 二氧化碳太多是导致温室效应的最主要原因。
T much _______________ is the largest cntributr t the greenhuse effect.
2. 他们同意逐步减少而不是逐步淘汰煤炭和化石燃料。
They agreed t phase dwn rather than phase ut cal and _______________.
3. 我谨代表全系感谢大家。
_______________ the department I wuld like t thank yu all.
4. 有谣传许多人在那场大火中死亡。
There are rumrs in the air that _______________ peple died in the fire.
5. 这是一种可持续的生活，与自然和谐相处。
It’s a sustainable life, _______________ nature.
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Will yu be crazy abut these newlybuilt prducts that are nt merely quite useful but als gd t the envirnment? Cme and see then!
Ecfriendly Umbrella
Traditinal umbrellas cme with a fixed surface. Althugh it is changeable, yu cannt replace it easily. This ec-friendly design is mre flexible. It is actually nly an umbrella skeletn withut any surface, which can be flded, s yu can put anything such as newspapers, plastic bags r whatever yu want t serve as the prtecting surface.
Pllutinsensitive Dress
Dn’t be caught utside unaware f pllutin levels in the air. The pllutin-sensitive EPA dress by Stephanie Sandstrm ntices pllutin in the air accrdingly. This dress — which is actually quite pretty — lks like yu pull it frm the bttm f the dirty laundry pile when the air is dirty. It might prtect yur health by advising yu t stay indrs fr the day, but it wn’t d yu any favr if yu’re meeting with clients.
Ecfriendly Car Racer
Can yu image a car racer is s ec-friendly that its tyres are made frm ptates, its bdy is created frm hemp (大麻) and rapeseed il and it runs n fuel made frm wheat and sugar beet? The ne seater racing car called Ec One is built by experts frm Warwick University, wh hpe that Ec One will be adpted by the autmtive industry. It is sld at $51,000.
Ecfriendly Mss (苔藓) Carpet
D yu knw it is said that walking n fresh grass can really increase yur bld circulatin? The Mss Carpet, created by Nguyen La Chanh, lks at getting the grass t yur feet. The mat includes ball mss, island mss and frest mss. The humidity (湿度) f the bathrm ensures that it grws well. And that’s why yu need t place it there and nt anywhere else.
1. The EPA Dress is designed t .
A. discurage peple frm ging utB. help meet with clients
C. imprve peple’s appearanceD. infrm peple f air quality
2. What can we knw abut Ec One?
A. It can seat ne passenger and ne driver.
B. It can’t be affrded by the public at present.
C. It is mainly made frm sme kinds f plants.
D. It will take the place f the traditinal car industry.
3. Where des the text prbably cme frm?
A. A science reprt.B. A persnal blg.
C. A health reprt.D. An fficial dcument.
B
Recently it is said that a dg has received an award fr picking up a number f beer cans, cffee cups, and ther pieces f trash, helping clean up her neighbrhd in the prcess. It’s unclear if Daisy is aware f her service, but her help has nt gne unnticed, by any means.
In fact, it is reprted that this nine-year-ld dg has picked up mre than 5,000 pieces f rubbish. Daisy has been cllecting rubbish fr the last eight years, at least tw times a day. Cming frm the city f Wrcester in the United Kingdm, Daisy has becme the first dg t receive an hnr frm the mayr (市长). Unlike ther dgs, Daisy prefers sniffing arund fr beer cans amng ther things. She carries them back hme t her wner, Judy Owens, wh then takes her pet’s fferings and recycles them.
“I wish Daisy understd hw special she was and the award just marks what a special little dg she is,” Judy said. “She started picking up rubbish when she was arund a beer can and I think she discvered it by accident.”
“One day she just sniffed ut a beer can, then began picking it up,” she cntinued. “She gets very attached t rubbish, and she must think it’s sme kind f treasure.”
Daisy has becme smething f a celebrity in her twn, ften knwn as the dg that helps get rid f all the rubbish. Then, the mayr invited Judy and Daisy t cme t his ffice. “When we arrived, he tld us that Daisy wuld be receiving the award because he wanted t make peple mre cnscius f prtecting the envirnment and t thank her fr her cntributins ver the years,” Judy said. “It was such a surprise ... Daisy thught this was great and went t sit n the mayr’s chair with a beer can in her muth. Everyne thught she was funny and started laughing.”
4. Why did the dg receive the award?
A. She had brught a lt f treasure t her wner.
B. She had kept all the city clean fr eight years.
C. She had cntributed a lt t getting rid f the trash.
D. She had made peple aware f prtecting the envirnment.
5. Hw did the dg prbably start t pick up rubbish?
A. By chance.B. By frce.
C. Thrugh praise.D. Thrugh training.
6. Hw wuld the peple in the city feel abut what Daisy has been ding?
A. Curius.B. Excited.
C. Ashamed.D. Thankful.
7. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. A dg wner trains her dg t pick up rubbish.
B. A dg receives an award fr picking up rubbish.
C. A mayr gives an award t a dg in his ffice.
D. A mayr raises peple’s envirnmental awareness.
C
It’s a warm June afternn, and in a grup f bushes and trees, a bird sings. A small insect climbs ver a leaf. The Muziekplein frest, next t an 18-stry building and a railway line, is abut the size f a basketball curt; befre it was planted in 2018, the area was a parking place. The frest is ne f seven such extremely small frests in the Dutch city f Utrecht, and 144 acrss the Netherlands. By the end f this year, accrding t IVN Nature Educatin, the rganizatin prpsing the cuntry’s initiative, there will be 200.
Since the first frest was planted in the Netherlands in 2015, the cncept has becme ppular. Daan Bleichrdt, wh launched IVN’s Tiny Frest initiative with the gal f making it easier fr children t get int and cnnect with nature, said that he thinks it is ppular because peple are becming mre aware f majr envirnmental challenges. It’s a very practical way t d smething psitive in the light f climate change and lss f bidiversity.
Jeren Schenkels, a senir adviser fr the city f Utrecht n green planning, said he sees the mini-frests as nature-based appraches that are able t help the city weather heat waves and imprve water retentin (保持). But ne f the biggest interests is scial. “One f the mst imprtant things is that they give peple the pprtunity t be invlved in nature in the neighburhd,” Schenkels said.
Between 2018 and 2020, 40 different plant and animal grups and 121 ttal animal species were fund in the Muziekplein frest alne. Accrding t Wageningen University researchers, acrss the 11 tiny frests in their study, vlunteers bserved 636 animal species. They als identified 298 plant species in additin t the riginal species planted in the plts. Maintenance f the frests ccasinally invlves remving aggressive weeds, but in general new plant species, such as wildflwers that appear, are allwed t grw.
8. What is special abut the Muziekplein frest?
A. It is newly planted.B. It sits in an urban area.
C. It grws alng a railway.D. It is shaped like a basketball curt.
9. What’s the purpse f the Tiny Frest initiative?
A. T make peple realize envirnmental challenges.
B. T make nature mre accessible t children.
C. T increase the Netherlands’ bidiversity.
D. T call fr actin n climate change.
10. What des paragraph 3 fcus n?
A. Benefits f mini-frests in cities.
B. Ways t keep neighburhds green.
C. Inspiratin fr planting frests in cities.
D. Imprtance f being expsed t nature.
11. Hw des the authr state the frests’ effect n bidiversity?
A. By listing figures.
B. By giving examples.
C. By ding experiments.
D. By making cmparisns.
D
One f the mst critical rles frests play is relieving climate change. Trees suck enrmus amunts f carbn dixide ut f the air and fix the carbn in their wd and the sil. A recent study fund that planting new trees ver an area the size f the US culd suck away tw thirds f all the carbn dixide discharge that humans have pumped int the atmsphere.
“Withut animals, it is harder fr frests t absrb carbn, as tree species imprtant fr prtecting the climate culd be lst withut animals,” Susanne Winter, a prgram directr said at the WWF.
In Africa, many f the tree species that absrb the mst carbn rely n large birds and primates (灵长类动物) t eat their fruits and spread their large seeds, accrding t the reprt. Withut them, thse trees wuld have difficulty reprducing and frests wuld lse their best carbn-string trees.
“Frests are ur greatest natural ally in the fight against glbal warming,” Winter said. “If we want t hld back the wrldwide decline in bidiversity and prevent the climate crisis, we need t prtect the frests and the species living there.”
Frests als filter (过滤) water — as water makes its way t lakes r grundwater reserves, the rts and sil separate it frm depsits and pllutin that it cllects alng the way. What’s mre, frests regulate the glbal water cycle, since trees’ leaves, branches, and rts stre r send ut water vapr.
Climate mdels shw that frest-cutting dwn in Central Africa culd lead t a 15% drp in rainfall in the US Midwest, and Amazn defrestatin (森林滥伐) culd cut Texas rainfall by 25%.
Humans als get fd, wd, and medicine frm the abundance f plants and animals in frests. Wrldwide, 1.6 billin peple rely n frests fr their livings, accrding t the United Natins. Abut 300 millin peple live in frests, accrding t WWF.
12. What’s the purpse f paragraph 3?
A. T tell where the large seeds g.
B. T shw the tree species in Africa.
C. T draw reader’s attentin t Africa.
D. T supprt Susanne Winter’s pinin.
13. What des the underlined wrd “ally” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Winner.B. Cmpetitr.C. Partner.D. Victim.
14. Hw d frests change climate accrding t the passage?
A. By affecting air and water.
B. By feeding birds and animals.
C. By prviding life necessities.
D. By increasing the variety f trees.
15. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Water shuld be filtered.
B. The mre frests, the mre rain.
C. Frests shuld be glbally prtected.
D. Half the carbn dixide is sucked away by trees.
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Ging green is a great way t reduce yur envirnmental ftprints and help the planet. Being green is all abut reducing the resurces yu use, reusing items when yu can, and recycling items that can’t be reused. 1
Carry a reusable water bttle s yu will nt need bttled water.
2 Nt nly des it create trash, but it als uses mre resurces because it’s shipped t the stre. T be mre ec-friendly, make it a habit t carry a reusable water bttle with yu everywhere s that yu can drink water anytime. Plastic bttles are usually the lightest and mst cnvenient.
Use reusable bags while yu’re shpping.
Shpping bags make it easy t carry yur items hme, but they als pllute the planet. Skip the stre’s shpping bags and bring yur wn instead. Use a backpack that yu already wn, r purchase a cuple f reusable bags frm the checkut area at yur lcal grcery stre. 3
4
Befre yu thrw smething away, lk fr ways yu might reuse it. Try re-purpsing items r making green crafts. This will help yu keep trash ut f the landfill. Fr example, instead f thrwing away a jar, yu might use it as a glass, vase r strage cntainer.
Reduce the amunt f time yu spend using electrnics.
While electrnics are really fun and help yu feel cnnected t yur friends, they als use up a lt f energy. Schedule breaks frm yur electrnics s yu can use them less. During yur breaks, d smething fun like ging fr a walk, playing a game with yur friends, r pursuing a hbby. 5 Fr instance, instead f playing nline vide games tgether, g t a lcal park.
A. Reuse items t save them frm the landfill.
B. Yu can use yur reusable bags at mst stres.
C. Bttled water is really bad fr the envirnment.
D. Yu prbably need t change yur persnal habits.
E. Invite yur friend t cnnect with yu in real life.
F. Glass bttles have cme a lng way in recent years.
G. Yu can find ideas fr green crafts by searching nline.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A student at Hellesdn High Schl in England has been called “Rubbish Girl” fr her envirnmentallyfriendly ways. 1 , that has nt stpped her frm cleaning up the envirnment.
Using the basket n her bicycle, 12yearld Nadia has been 2 rubbish alng her twmile rute t and frm schl since September f last year. 3 her gd intentins, sme f the kids at Nadia’s schl have nicknamed (给……起绰号) her “Rubbish Girl” and have bullied her fr her selfless effrts t help the 4 . But instead f letting them bring her dwn, she’s using their negativity as mtivatin (动力).
“I’m nt ging t 5 ding the right thing because f them,” she said. “I’m ding smething t 6 the wrld which they als live in. It’s everyne’s jb. We are all 7 fr keeping this wrld safe, instead f believing it’s always smene else’s jb.”
Nadia’s mum, Paula, said she is 8 prud f Nadia fr nt nly standing up t her bullies, but als standing up fr what she believes in. “I tld her she had tw 9 — she culd either stp cllecting rubbish, stp attracting their 10 s that they wuld leave her alne, r she culd face the challenge, be the ‘rubbish girl’ and keep her 11 .”
As a result f the lcal media attentin, Nadia has created a grup named “Team Rubbish Girl”, where she shares updates n her green effrts. Psitive 12 have pured in, all in 13 f Nadia, encuraging her t carry n with the green effrts.
“Sweetheart, yu are a star that 14 really bright abve the rest. Hld yur head high and never let thers 15 yu. Yu are ding smething selfless and amazing. Shame n the bullies,” wrte ne f the lcal citizens n her web page.
1. A. TherefreB. HweverC. BesidesD. Meanwhile
2. A. picking upB. taking ff C. giving awayD. leaving behind
3. A. DespiteB. WithutC. Due tD. Thanks t
4. A. disabledB. hmelessC. planetD. business
5. A. startB. enjyC. practiseD. stp
6. A. discverB. prtectC. repairD. understand
7. A. respnsibleB. readyC. gratefulD. available
8. A. hardlyB. generallyC. barelyD. extremely
9. A. galsB. chicesC. prblemsD. friends
10. A. strengthB. cnclusinC. attentinD. energy
11. A. balanceB. prmiseC. numberD. faith
12. A. effectsB. resultsC. cmmentsD. experiences
13. A. chargeB. hnurC. searchD. supprt
14. A. shinesB. fallsC. burnsD. cmpares
15. A. praiseB. discurageC. imprveD. welcme
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
A new study led by researchers at the Yale Schl f Public Health and published in the jurnal Lancet Planetary Health, finds that China’s cuntrywide ban 1 traffic mbility frm February 10 t March 14 greatly limited autmbile emissins and sharply reduced the 2 (cuntry) ften severe air pllutin.
The imprved air quality, in turn, prevented thusands f pllutin-related 3 (death), an
4 (estimate) 12,125, mre than lives lst frm the epidemic (流行病), the study finds.
“This is a very surprising result. The epidemic cntinues t be a terrible thing fr China and the rest f the wrld, but the decrease in emissins that accmpanied 5 has actually presented sme psitive health results,” said Kai Chen, assistant prfessr at the Yale Schl f Public Health and the study’s first authr. “The questin is, hw can we have ne withut the 6 ?”
Althugh the findings cannt be directly applied t ther cuntries due t different severity f and respnses t COVID-19, as well as 7 (differ) air pllutin levels and ppulatin characteristics, reduced air pllutin levels 8 (detect) in ther Asian and Eurpean cuntries and the US 9 their wn lckdwns (封城), Chen said. He ntes that this reductin in pllutin has 10 (like) brught abut similar health benefits.
八、写作（满分15分）
红旗社区针对本社区居民垃圾分类情况，计划于下周举行一次关于垃圾分类的讲座，请你代表社区写一封公开信，内容包括：
1. 垃圾分类的好处；
2. 讲座具体时间和地点；
3. 邀请居民参加。
注意：
1. 词数80左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage classificatin
Dear sir r madam,
I’m writing this letter t call n attentin t the cmmunity lecture cncerning garbage classificatin.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Hngqi Cmmunity
参考答案
一、1. tlerate2. Nuclear3. releasing4. habitable5. bradcast
6. seize7. basin(s)8. refrm9. vlume10. restres
二、1. starvatin2. frequently3. eclgical4. sustainable5. cmprehensively
6. trendy7. restrictins8. submissin9. annually10. insensitive
三、1. carbn dixide2. fssil fuels3. On behalf f4. dzens f
5. in harmny with
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种不仅实用而且环保的新产品。
1. D 推理判断题。根据Pllutinsensitive Dress部分中的第二句“The pllutinsensitive EPA Dress by Stephanie Sandstrm ntices pllutin in the air accrdingly.”可知，EPA Dress这种衣服可以提醒人们外面空气的污染情况。故选D。
2. C 细节理解题。根据Ecfriendly Car Racer部分中的第一句“Can yu image a car racer is s ec-friendly that its tyres are made frm ptates, its bdy is created frm hemp (大麻) and rapeseed il and it runs n fuel made frm wheat and sugar beet?”可知，Ec One的部件主要是由一些植物做成的。故选C。
3. A 推理判断题。本文介绍了四种新型的环保产品，并详细说明了各种产品的特色。与“个人博客、健康报告和政府文件”无关，只可能是科学报告。故选A。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小狗Daisy捡拾垃圾而获奖的故事。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及最后一段第三句可知，市长授予Daisy这个奖项的原因是她一直捡垃圾，为环保做出了贡献。故选C。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“I think she discvered it by accident”可知，Daisy捡垃圾是偶然开始的。故选A。
6. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句和第三句可知，小镇的人都知道Daisy捡垃圾，并且对于Daisy为保护环境所做的一切是感谢的。故选D。
7. B 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段第一句可知，本文围绕一只狗因为捡垃圾而获奖的故事展开。故选B。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。荷兰城市里的微型森林不仅可以帮助城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，还使人们有更多机会接触周围的自然环境。
8. B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The Muziekplein frest, next t an 18-stry building ... a parking place.”可知，Muziekplein森林附近有一座18层的高楼和一条铁路线，它所在的区域曾经是一个停车场。由此可推知，该森林位于城镇区域。故选B。
9. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“with the gal f making it easier fr children t get int and cnnect with nature”可知，Daan Bleichrdt发起的微型森林计划的目的是让孩子们更容易接近大自然。故选B。
10. A 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“he sees the mini-frests ... be invlved in nature in the neighburhd”可知，城市里的微型森林不仅可以帮助城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，还使人们有更多机会接触周围的自然环境，故本段主要关注的是城市里的微型森林的益处。故选A。
11. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“40 different plant and animal grups and 121 ttal animal species ... acrss the 11 tiny frests ... 636 animal species ... identified 298 plant species in additin t the riginal species”可知，作者用了列数字的方法来说明城市里的微型森林对生物多样性的影响。故选A。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了森林在缓解气候变化和应对气候危机方面、在调节地球水循环方面以及为人类提供食物、木材和药物方面所起的重要作用，说明了森林对于人类的重要性。
12. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中Susanne Winter提出的观点“‘tree species imprtant fr prtecting the climate culd be lst withut animals’”；第三段中“Withut them, thse trees wuld have difficulty reprducing and frests wuld lse their best carbn-string trees.”可知，第三段是以非洲树木为例，进一步说明Susanne Winter的观点。故选D。
13. C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句Winter所说的话“‘If we want t hld back the wrldwide decline in bidiversity and prevent the climate crisis, we need t prtect the frests and the species living there.’”可知，Winter认为森林在阻止全球气候变化中起着重要的作用，因此可以推断，“Frests are ur greatest natural ally”意思为“森林是我们（对抗全球变暖）最天然的盟友/伙伴”。故选C。
14. A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“One f the mst critical rles frests play is relieving climate change.”可知，森林吸收人类排放到大气中的二氧化碳，缓解气候变化；根据第五段中“Frests als filter (过滤) water ... frests regulate the glbal water cycle”可知，森林也过滤水，也调节着全球的水循环。因此可以推断，森林是通过影响空气和地球上的水循环影响气候的。故选A。
15. C 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一到第四段提到森林在缓解气候变化方面的作用，第五、六段提到森林在调节水循环方面的作用，第七段提到森林为我们提供食物、木材和药物。整篇文章说明了森林对于人类的重要性。因此可以推断，森林应该在全球范围内得到保护。故选C。
五、
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个保护环境的生活小习惯。
1. D 本段为总领全文的段落，根据下文中的小标题可知，本文主要是建议大家改变自己的个人习惯以保护环境。故选D。
2. C 空后的“Nt nly des it create trash, but it als uses mre resurces because it’s shipped t the stre.”具体阐述了瓶装水对环境的危害，C项（瓶装水真的对环境有害。）引出下文，符合语境。bttled water为关键信息。故选C。
3. B 根据本段小标题“Use reusable bags while yu’re shpping.”可知，本段是建议使用环保袋；空前建议购买环保袋，B项（你能够在大多数商店使用环保袋。）符合语境。reusable bags是关键信息。故选B。
4. A 根据下文“Befre yu thrw smething away, lk fr ways yu might reuse it. Try re-purpsing items r making green crafts.”可知，本段是建议再利用，reuse是关键词。A项（再利用这些东西，以免它们被填埋。）符合语境。故选A。
5. E 空前是说在休息时间做一些有趣的事情，比如散步、和朋友玩游戏或者追求一个爱好。空后是举例说与其一起玩在线视频游戏，不如去本地公园玩。E项（邀请你的朋友在现实生活中与你联系。）承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述12岁的女孩纳迪娅在上学和放学的路上捡垃圾，被同学们嘲笑并被称为“垃圾女孩”，但她并不放弃，在妈妈和其他人的鼓励之下，她继续着自己的环保行为。
1. B 空前一句“A student at Hellesdn High Schl in England has been called ‘Rubbish Girl’ fr her envirnmentallyfriendly ways.”与空后的“that has nt stpped her frm cleaning up the envirnment”在语意上是转折关系。故选B。
2. A 根据第一段最后一句“... cleaning up the envirnment.”可知，她热爱环保，经常捡垃圾。pick up意为“捡起”。故选A。
3. A 句意为：尽管纳迪娅是出于好心，但是她所在学校的一些孩子却给她起了“垃圾女孩”的绰号。根据句意可知，上下文之间是转折关系，despite意为“尽管”。故选A。
4. C 根据上文可知纳迪娅热爱环保，保护环境就是保护我们所生活的这个星球。故选C。
5. D 根据第二段最后一句“But instead f letting them bring her dwn, she’s using their negativity as mtivatin (动力).”可知，她把别人对她的否定当成继续努力的动力，她不会停止做正确的事情，而是继续做保护地球的事情。故选D。
6. B 句意为：我正在做一些事情保护地球，而他们也居住在这个地球上。女孩做的事情正是保护我们的地球。故选B。
7. A 根据空前的“It’s everyne’s jb.”可知我们都有责任让地球安全，而不能认为这是别人的工作。be respnsible fr...意为“对……负责”。故选A。
8. D 根据句意可知，纳迪娅的妈妈对女儿的行为感到极其自豪。用extremely表示程度。故选D。
9. B 根据本空后的“she culd either stp cllecting rubbish...”以及“r she culd face the challenge...”可知，妈妈说她有两个选择。故选B。
10. C 根据空后的“s that they wuld leave her alne”可知，前面应该是说不再引起别人的注意，也就不会有人再欺凌她了。故选C。
11. D 根据句意可知，第二个选择是继续保护环境，坚持自己的信念。faith意为“信念”，符合语境。故选D。
12. C 根据句意以及最后一段中引用一名网友的评论内容可知，在小组里涌入了很多积极的评论，都在鼓励纳迪娅继续努力。故选C。
13. D 根据空后“encuraging her t carry n with the green effrts”可知，这些评论都鼓励她继续努力，也就是说这些评论都是支持她的。in supprt为固定短语，意为“支持”。故选D。
14. A 根据前后的“a star”和“bright”可知，本空应选shines，把纳迪娅比喻成闪亮的星星。故选A。
15. B 句意为：昂首挺胸，不要让别人阻碍你。discurage意为“阻碍；使气馁”。故选B。
七、
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现：在实行交通禁令或封城之后，空气污染的严重性会有所下降。
1. n 考查介词。句意：由耶鲁大学公共卫生学院研究人员牵头发表在《柳叶刀·星球健康》杂志上的一项新研究发现，中国从2月10日至3月14日在全国范围内实施的交通禁令，极大地限制了汽车尾气排放，并大幅减少了该国经常很严重的空气污染。ban (n sth.)意为“对……禁令”。故填n。
2. cuntry’s 考查名词所有格。句意同上。空处作定语修饰其后的名词pllutin，所以应用名词所有格形式。故填cuntry’s。
3. deaths 考查名词的复数。句意：研究发现，空气质量的改善反过来又防止了成千上万与污染有关的死亡，估计有12125（人），比流行病造成的死亡人数还要多。此处指“死亡”，是可数名词，因此用名词复数。故填deaths。
4. estimated 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处estimate和12,125之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作前置定语。故填estimated。
5. it 考查it的用法。句意：疫情对中国和世界其他国家来说仍然是一件可怕的事情，但随之而来的污染排放减少实际上已经带来了一些积极的健康结果。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，此处用it指代前面的epidemic，在句中作宾语。故填it。
6. ther 考查固定搭配。句意：问题是，我们怎么能只有一个而没有另一个？ne... the ther...意为“一个……另一个……”，故填ther。
7. different 考查词性转换。句意：陈凯说，尽管由于新冠肺炎的严重程度和应对措施不同，以及空气污染水平和人口特征不同，这些发现不能直接应用于其他国家，但在其他亚洲和欧洲国家以及美国自己的封锁之后，空气污染水平有所降低。句中air pllutin levels是名词，应由形容词修饰。故填different。
8. have been detected 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。句子主语air pllutin levels是复数形式，和detect之间是被动关系，且这里指到现在为止已经完成的事情，所以句子用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been detected。
9. after 考查介词。句意同第7题。此处指“在封城之后”，是时间状语。故填after。
10. likely 考查词性转换。句意：他指出，污染的减少很可能也带来了类似的健康益处。空处修饰动词短语brught abut，应用其副词形式。故填likely。
八、
Dear sir r madam,
I’m writing this letter t call n attentin t the cmmunity lecture cncerning garbage classificatin.
Garbage classificatin is f great significance. Firstly, nt nly can it cpe with pllutin issues effectively but mre space riginally ccupied by wasteland will be spared. Secndly, we can undeniably make a difference by taking advantage f recyclable garbage.
T fulfill yur bligatin t live an eclife, cme and jin in the lecture t be given at 3 p.m. next Sunday n the playgrund f Hngqi Primary Schl. Only with cmbined effrts can we make ur neighbrhd better.
Yurs,
Hngqi Cmmunity
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
I dn’t knw hw yu __________ (忍受) that nise!
__________ (核能的) plants are expensive t build, thugh cheap t perate.
She burst int tears, __________ (释放) all her pent-up emtins.
The huse shuld be __________ (适合居住的) by the new year.
It was a live __________ (广播节目), nt a recrding.
The wrestlers try t __________ (抓住) hld f each ther.
On the flr f the __________ (盆地) lie deserts, lakes and swamps.
He was an effective supprter f __________ (改革).
Hw d yu measure the __________ (体积) f the gas?
Such kindness __________ (恢复) yur faith in human nature.
单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. T ur shck, many children in underdevelped regins die f __________ (starve).
2. We shuld take an active part in sprts and utdr activities _________ (frequent).
3. We risk upsetting the __________ (eclgy) balance f the area.
4. But is thrwing things away a ____________ (sustain) apprach?
5. They were __________ (cmprehensive) beaten in the final.
6. I enjyed being able t g ut and buy __________ (trend) clthes.
7. The gvernment has agreed t lift __________ (restrict) n press freedm.
8. When is the final date fr the __________ (submit) f prpsals?
9. The exhibitin is held __________ (annual).
10. He seems cmpletely __________ (sensitive) t criticism. I think he desn’t knw what shame is.
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 二氧化碳太多是导致温室效应的最主要原因。
T much _______________ is the largest cntributr t the greenhuse effect.
2. 他们同意逐步减少而不是逐步淘汰煤炭和化石燃料。
They agreed t phase dwn rather than phase ut cal and _______________.
3. 我谨代表全系感谢大家。
_______________ the department I wuld like t thank yu all.
4. 有谣传许多人在那场大火中死亡。
There are rumrs in the air that _______________ peple died in the fire.
5. 这是一种可持续的生活，与自然和谐相处。
It’s a sustainable life, _______________ nature.
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Will yu be crazy abut these newlybuilt prducts that are nt merely quite useful but als gd t the envirnment? Cme and see then!
Ecfriendly Umbrella
Traditinal umbrellas cme with a fixed surface. Althugh it is changeable, yu cannt replace it easily. This ec-friendly design is mre flexible. It is actually nly an umbrella skeletn withut any surface, which can be flded, s yu can put anything such as newspapers, plastic bags r whatever yu want t serve as the prtecting surface.
Pllutinsensitive Dress
Dn’t be caught utside unaware f pllutin levels in the air. The pllutin-sensitive EPA dress by Stephanie Sandstrm ntices pllutin in the air accrdingly. This dress — which is actually quite pretty — lks like yu pull it frm the bttm f the dirty laundry pile when the air is dirty. It might prtect yur health by advising yu t stay indrs fr the day, but it wn’t d yu any favr if yu’re meeting with clients.
Ecfriendly Car Racer
Can yu image a car racer is s ec-friendly that its tyres are made frm ptates, its bdy is created frm hemp (大麻) and rapeseed il and it runs n fuel made frm wheat and sugar beet? The ne seater racing car called Ec One is built by experts frm Warwick University, wh hpe that Ec One will be adpted by the autmtive industry. It is sld at $51,000.
Ecfriendly Mss (苔藓) Carpet
D yu knw it is said that walking n fresh grass can really increase yur bld circulatin? The Mss Carpet, created by Nguyen La Chanh, lks at getting the grass t yur feet. The mat includes ball mss, island mss and frest mss. The humidity (湿度) f the bathrm ensures that it grws well. And that’s why yu need t place it there and nt anywhere else.
1. The EPA Dress is designed t .
A. discurage peple frm ging utB. help meet with clients
C. imprve peple’s appearanceD. infrm peple f air quality
2. What can we knw abut Ec One?
A. It can seat ne passenger and ne driver.
B. It can’t be affrded by the public at present.
C. It is mainly made frm sme kinds f plants.
D. It will take the place f the traditinal car industry.
3. Where des the text prbably cme frm?
A. A science reprt.B. A persnal blg.
C. A health reprt.D. An fficial dcument.
B
Recently it is said that a dg has received an award fr picking up a number f beer cans, cffee cups, and ther pieces f trash, helping clean up her neighbrhd in the prcess. It’s unclear if Daisy is aware f her service, but her help has nt gne unnticed, by any means.
In fact, it is reprted that this nine-year-ld dg has picked up mre than 5,000 pieces f rubbish. Daisy has been cllecting rubbish fr the last eight years, at least tw times a day. Cming frm the city f Wrcester in the United Kingdm, Daisy has becme the first dg t receive an hnr frm the mayr (市长). Unlike ther dgs, Daisy prefers sniffing arund fr beer cans amng ther things. She carries them back hme t her wner, Judy Owens, wh then takes her pet’s fferings and recycles them.
“I wish Daisy understd hw special she was and the award just marks what a special little dg she is,” Judy said. “She started picking up rubbish when she was arund a beer can and I think she discvered it by accident.”
“One day she just sniffed ut a beer can, then began picking it up,” she cntinued. “She gets very attached t rubbish, and she must think it’s sme kind f treasure.”
Daisy has becme smething f a celebrity in her twn, ften knwn as the dg that helps get rid f all the rubbish. Then, the mayr invited Judy and Daisy t cme t his ffice. “When we arrived, he tld us that Daisy wuld be receiving the award because he wanted t make peple mre cnscius f prtecting the envirnment and t thank her fr her cntributins ver the years,” Judy said. “It was such a surprise ... Daisy thught this was great and went t sit n the mayr’s chair with a beer can in her muth. Everyne thught she was funny and started laughing.”
4. Why did the dg receive the award?
A. She had brught a lt f treasure t her wner.
B. She had kept all the city clean fr eight years.
C. She had cntributed a lt t getting rid f the trash.
D. She had made peple aware f prtecting the envirnment.
5. Hw did the dg prbably start t pick up rubbish?
A. By chance.B. By frce.
C. Thrugh praise.D. Thrugh training.
6. Hw wuld the peple in the city feel abut what Daisy has been ding?
A. Curius.B. Excited.
C. Ashamed.D. Thankful.
7. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. A dg wner trains her dg t pick up rubbish.
B. A dg receives an award fr picking up rubbish.
C. A mayr gives an award t a dg in his ffice.
D. A mayr raises peple’s envirnmental awareness.
C
It’s a warm June afternn, and in a grup f bushes and trees, a bird sings. A small insect climbs ver a leaf. The Muziekplein frest, next t an 18-stry building and a railway line, is abut the size f a basketball curt; befre it was planted in 2018, the area was a parking place. The frest is ne f seven such extremely small frests in the Dutch city f Utrecht, and 144 acrss the Netherlands. By the end f this year, accrding t IVN Nature Educatin, the rganizatin prpsing the cuntry’s initiative, there will be 200.
Since the first frest was planted in the Netherlands in 2015, the cncept has becme ppular. Daan Bleichrdt, wh launched IVN’s Tiny Frest initiative with the gal f making it easier fr children t get int and cnnect with nature, said that he thinks it is ppular because peple are becming mre aware f majr envirnmental challenges. It’s a very practical way t d smething psitive in the light f climate change and lss f bidiversity.
Jeren Schenkels, a senir adviser fr the city f Utrecht n green planning, said he sees the mini-frests as nature-based appraches that are able t help the city weather heat waves and imprve water retentin (保持). But ne f the biggest interests is scial. “One f the mst imprtant things is that they give peple the pprtunity t be invlved in nature in the neighburhd,” Schenkels said.
Between 2018 and 2020, 40 different plant and animal grups and 121 ttal animal species were fund in the Muziekplein frest alne. Accrding t Wageningen University researchers, acrss the 11 tiny frests in their study, vlunteers bserved 636 animal species. They als identified 298 plant species in additin t the riginal species planted in the plts. Maintenance f the frests ccasinally invlves remving aggressive weeds, but in general new plant species, such as wildflwers that appear, are allwed t grw.
8. What is special abut the Muziekplein frest?
A. It is newly planted.B. It sits in an urban area.
C. It grws alng a railway.D. It is shaped like a basketball curt.
9. What’s the purpse f the Tiny Frest initiative?
A. T make peple realize envirnmental challenges.
B. T make nature mre accessible t children.
C. T increase the Netherlands’ bidiversity.
D. T call fr actin n climate change.
10. What des paragraph 3 fcus n?
A. Benefits f mini-frests in cities.
B. Ways t keep neighburhds green.
C. Inspiratin fr planting frests in cities.
D. Imprtance f being expsed t nature.
11. Hw des the authr state the frests’ effect n bidiversity?
A. By listing figures.
B. By giving examples.
C. By ding experiments.
D. By making cmparisns.
D
One f the mst critical rles frests play is relieving climate change. Trees suck enrmus amunts f carbn dixide ut f the air and fix the carbn in their wd and the sil. A recent study fund that planting new trees ver an area the size f the US culd suck away tw thirds f all the carbn dixide discharge that humans have pumped int the atmsphere.
“Withut animals, it is harder fr frests t absrb carbn, as tree species imprtant fr prtecting the climate culd be lst withut animals,” Susanne Winter, a prgram directr said at the WWF.
In Africa, many f the tree species that absrb the mst carbn rely n large birds and primates (灵长类动物) t eat their fruits and spread their large seeds, accrding t the reprt. Withut them, thse trees wuld have difficulty reprducing and frests wuld lse their best carbn-string trees.
“Frests are ur greatest natural ally in the fight against glbal warming,” Winter said. “If we want t hld back the wrldwide decline in bidiversity and prevent the climate crisis, we need t prtect the frests and the species living there.”
Frests als filter (过滤) water — as water makes its way t lakes r grundwater reserves, the rts and sil separate it frm depsits and pllutin that it cllects alng the way. What’s mre, frests regulate the glbal water cycle, since trees’ leaves, branches, and rts stre r send ut water vapr.
Climate mdels shw that frest-cutting dwn in Central Africa culd lead t a 15% drp in rainfall in the US Midwest, and Amazn defrestatin (森林滥伐) culd cut Texas rainfall by 25%.
Humans als get fd, wd, and medicine frm the abundance f plants and animals in frests. Wrldwide, 1.6 billin peple rely n frests fr their livings, accrding t the United Natins. Abut 300 millin peple live in frests, accrding t WWF.
12. What’s the purpse f paragraph 3?
A. T tell where the large seeds g.
B. T shw the tree species in Africa.
C. T draw reader’s attentin t Africa.
D. T supprt Susanne Winter’s pinin.
13. What des the underlined wrd “ally” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Winner.B. Cmpetitr.C. Partner.D. Victim.
14. Hw d frests change climate accrding t the passage?
A. By affecting air and water.
B. By feeding birds and animals.
C. By prviding life necessities.
D. By increasing the variety f trees.
15. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Water shuld be filtered.
B. The mre frests, the mre rain.
C. Frests shuld be glbally prtected.
D. Half the carbn dixide is sucked away by trees.
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Ging green is a great way t reduce yur envirnmental ftprints and help the planet. Being green is all abut reducing the resurces yu use, reusing items when yu can, and recycling items that can’t be reused. 1
Carry a reusable water bttle s yu will nt need bttled water.
2 Nt nly des it create trash, but it als uses mre resurces because it’s shipped t the stre. T be mre ec-friendly, make it a habit t carry a reusable water bttle with yu everywhere s that yu can drink water anytime. Plastic bttles are usually the lightest and mst cnvenient.
Use reusable bags while yu’re shpping.
Shpping bags make it easy t carry yur items hme, but they als pllute the planet. Skip the stre’s shpping bags and bring yur wn instead. Use a backpack that yu already wn, r purchase a cuple f reusable bags frm the checkut area at yur lcal grcery stre. 3
4
Befre yu thrw smething away, lk fr ways yu might reuse it. Try re-purpsing items r making green crafts. This will help yu keep trash ut f the landfill. Fr example, instead f thrwing away a jar, yu might use it as a glass, vase r strage cntainer.
Reduce the amunt f time yu spend using electrnics.
While electrnics are really fun and help yu feel cnnected t yur friends, they als use up a lt f energy. Schedule breaks frm yur electrnics s yu can use them less. During yur breaks, d smething fun like ging fr a walk, playing a game with yur friends, r pursuing a hbby. 5 Fr instance, instead f playing nline vide games tgether, g t a lcal park.
A. Reuse items t save them frm the landfill.
B. Yu can use yur reusable bags at mst stres.
C. Bttled water is really bad fr the envirnment.
D. Yu prbably need t change yur persnal habits.
E. Invite yur friend t cnnect with yu in real life.
F. Glass bttles have cme a lng way in recent years.
G. Yu can find ideas fr green crafts by searching nline.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A student at Hellesdn High Schl in England has been called “Rubbish Girl” fr her envirnmentallyfriendly ways. 1 , that has nt stpped her frm cleaning up the envirnment.
Using the basket n her bicycle, 12yearld Nadia has been 2 rubbish alng her twmile rute t and frm schl since September f last year. 3 her gd intentins, sme f the kids at Nadia’s schl have nicknamed (给……起绰号) her “Rubbish Girl” and have bullied her fr her selfless effrts t help the 4 . But instead f letting them bring her dwn, she’s using their negativity as mtivatin (动力).
“I’m nt ging t 5 ding the right thing because f them,” she said. “I’m ding smething t 6 the wrld which they als live in. It’s everyne’s jb. We are all 7 fr keeping this wrld safe, instead f believing it’s always smene else’s jb.”
Nadia’s mum, Paula, said she is 8 prud f Nadia fr nt nly standing up t her bullies, but als standing up fr what she believes in. “I tld her she had tw 9 — she culd either stp cllecting rubbish, stp attracting their 10 s that they wuld leave her alne, r she culd face the challenge, be the ‘rubbish girl’ and keep her 11 .”
As a result f the lcal media attentin, Nadia has created a grup named “Team Rubbish Girl”, where she shares updates n her green effrts. Psitive 12 have pured in, all in 13 f Nadia, encuraging her t carry n with the green effrts.
“Sweetheart, yu are a star that 14 really bright abve the rest. Hld yur head high and never let thers 15 yu. Yu are ding smething selfless and amazing. Shame n the bullies,” wrte ne f the lcal citizens n her web page.
1. A. TherefreB. HweverC. BesidesD. Meanwhile
2. A. picking upB. taking ff C. giving awayD. leaving behind
3. A. DespiteB. WithutC. Due tD. Thanks t
4. A. disabledB. hmelessC. planetD. business
5. A. startB. enjyC. practiseD. stp
6. A. discverB. prtectC. repairD. understand
7. A. respnsibleB. readyC. gratefulD. available
8. A. hardlyB. generallyC. barelyD. extremely
9. A. galsB. chicesC. prblemsD. friends
10. A. strengthB. cnclusinC. attentinD. energy
11. A. balanceB. prmiseC. numberD. faith
12. A. effectsB. resultsC. cmmentsD. experiences
13. A. chargeB. hnurC. searchD. supprt
14. A. shinesB. fallsC. burnsD. cmpares
15. A. praiseB. discurageC. imprveD. welcme
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
A new study led by researchers at the Yale Schl f Public Health and published in the jurnal Lancet Planetary Health, finds that China’s cuntrywide ban 1 traffic mbility frm February 10 t March 14 greatly limited autmbile emissins and sharply reduced the 2 (cuntry) ften severe air pllutin.
The imprved air quality, in turn, prevented thusands f pllutin-related 3 (death), an
4 (estimate) 12,125, mre than lives lst frm the epidemic (流行病), the study finds.
“This is a very surprising result. The epidemic cntinues t be a terrible thing fr China and the rest f the wrld, but the decrease in emissins that accmpanied 5 has actually presented sme psitive health results,” said Kai Chen, assistant prfessr at the Yale Schl f Public Health and the study’s first authr. “The questin is, hw can we have ne withut the 6 ?”
Althugh the findings cannt be directly applied t ther cuntries due t different severity f and respnses t COVID-19, as well as 7 (differ) air pllutin levels and ppulatin characteristics, reduced air pllutin levels 8 (detect) in ther Asian and Eurpean cuntries and the US 9 their wn lckdwns (封城), Chen said. He ntes that this reductin in pllutin has 10 (like) brught abut similar health benefits.
八、写作（满分15分）
红旗社区针对本社区居民垃圾分类情况，计划于下周举行一次关于垃圾分类的讲座，请你代表社区写一封公开信，内容包括：
1. 垃圾分类的好处；
2. 讲座具体时间和地点；
3. 邀请居民参加。
注意：
1. 词数80左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage classificatin
Dear sir r madam,
I’m writing this letter t call n attentin t the cmmunity lecture cncerning garbage classificatin.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Hngqi Cmmunity
参考答案
一、1. tlerate2. Nuclear3. releasing4. habitable5. bradcast
6. seize7. basin(s)8. refrm9. vlume10. restres
二、1. starvatin2. frequently3. eclgical4. sustainable5. cmprehensively
6. trendy7. restrictins8. submissin9. annually10. insensitive
三、1. carbn dixide2. fssil fuels3. On behalf f4. dzens f
5. in harmny with
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种不仅实用而且环保的新产品。
1. D 推理判断题。根据Pllutinsensitive Dress部分中的第二句“The pllutinsensitive EPA Dress by Stephanie Sandstrm ntices pllutin in the air accrdingly.”可知，EPA Dress这种衣服可以提醒人们外面空气的污染情况。故选D。
2. C 细节理解题。根据Ecfriendly Car Racer部分中的第一句“Can yu image a car racer is s ec-friendly that its tyres are made frm ptates, its bdy is created frm hemp (大麻) and rapeseed il and it runs n fuel made frm wheat and sugar beet?”可知，Ec One的部件主要是由一些植物做成的。故选C。
3. A 推理判断题。本文介绍了四种新型的环保产品，并详细说明了各种产品的特色。与“个人博客、健康报告和政府文件”无关，只可能是科学报告。故选A。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小狗Daisy捡拾垃圾而获奖的故事。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及最后一段第三句可知，市长授予Daisy这个奖项的原因是她一直捡垃圾，为环保做出了贡献。故选C。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“I think she discvered it by accident”可知，Daisy捡垃圾是偶然开始的。故选A。
6. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句和第三句可知，小镇的人都知道Daisy捡垃圾，并且对于Daisy为保护环境所做的一切是感谢的。故选D。
7. B 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段第一句可知，本文围绕一只狗因为捡垃圾而获奖的故事展开。故选B。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。荷兰城市里的微型森林不仅可以帮助城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，还使人们有更多机会接触周围的自然环境。
8. B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The Muziekplein frest, next t an 18-stry building ... a parking place.”可知，Muziekplein森林附近有一座18层的高楼和一条铁路线，它所在的区域曾经是一个停车场。由此可推知，该森林位于城镇区域。故选B。
9. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“with the gal f making it easier fr children t get int and cnnect with nature”可知，Daan Bleichrdt发起的微型森林计划的目的是让孩子们更容易接近大自然。故选B。
10. A 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“he sees the mini-frests ... be invlved in nature in the neighburhd”可知，城市里的微型森林不仅可以帮助城市抵御热浪，提高蓄水能力，还使人们有更多机会接触周围的自然环境，故本段主要关注的是城市里的微型森林的益处。故选A。
11. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“40 different plant and animal grups and 121 ttal animal species ... acrss the 11 tiny frests ... 636 animal species ... identified 298 plant species in additin t the riginal species”可知，作者用了列数字的方法来说明城市里的微型森林对生物多样性的影响。故选A。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了森林在缓解气候变化和应对气候危机方面、在调节地球水循环方面以及为人类提供食物、木材和药物方面所起的重要作用，说明了森林对于人类的重要性。
12. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中Susanne Winter提出的观点“‘tree species imprtant fr prtecting the climate culd be lst withut animals’”；第三段中“Withut them, thse trees wuld have difficulty reprducing and frests wuld lse their best carbn-string trees.”可知，第三段是以非洲树木为例，进一步说明Susanne Winter的观点。故选D。
13. C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句Winter所说的话“‘If we want t hld back the wrldwide decline in bidiversity and prevent the climate crisis, we need t prtect the frests and the species living there.’”可知，Winter认为森林在阻止全球气候变化中起着重要的作用，因此可以推断，“Frests are ur greatest natural ally”意思为“森林是我们（对抗全球变暖）最天然的盟友/伙伴”。故选C。
14. A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“One f the mst critical rles frests play is relieving climate change.”可知，森林吸收人类排放到大气中的二氧化碳，缓解气候变化；根据第五段中“Frests als filter (过滤) water ... frests regulate the glbal water cycle”可知，森林也过滤水，也调节着全球的水循环。因此可以推断，森林是通过影响空气和地球上的水循环影响气候的。故选A。
15. C 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一到第四段提到森林在缓解气候变化方面的作用，第五、六段提到森林在调节水循环方面的作用，第七段提到森林为我们提供食物、木材和药物。整篇文章说明了森林对于人类的重要性。因此可以推断，森林应该在全球范围内得到保护。故选C。
五、
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个保护环境的生活小习惯。
1. D 本段为总领全文的段落，根据下文中的小标题可知，本文主要是建议大家改变自己的个人习惯以保护环境。故选D。
2. C 空后的“Nt nly des it create trash, but it als uses mre resurces because it’s shipped t the stre.”具体阐述了瓶装水对环境的危害，C项（瓶装水真的对环境有害。）引出下文，符合语境。bttled water为关键信息。故选C。
3. B 根据本段小标题“Use reusable bags while yu’re shpping.”可知，本段是建议使用环保袋；空前建议购买环保袋，B项（你能够在大多数商店使用环保袋。）符合语境。reusable bags是关键信息。故选B。
4. A 根据下文“Befre yu thrw smething away, lk fr ways yu might reuse it. Try re-purpsing items r making green crafts.”可知，本段是建议再利用，reuse是关键词。A项（再利用这些东西，以免它们被填埋。）符合语境。故选A。
5. E 空前是说在休息时间做一些有趣的事情，比如散步、和朋友玩游戏或者追求一个爱好。空后是举例说与其一起玩在线视频游戏，不如去本地公园玩。E项（邀请你的朋友在现实生活中与你联系。）承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述12岁的女孩纳迪娅在上学和放学的路上捡垃圾，被同学们嘲笑并被称为“垃圾女孩”，但她并不放弃，在妈妈和其他人的鼓励之下，她继续着自己的环保行为。
1. B 空前一句“A student at Hellesdn High Schl in England has been called ‘Rubbish Girl’ fr her envirnmentallyfriendly ways.”与空后的“that has nt stpped her frm cleaning up the envirnment”在语意上是转折关系。故选B。
2. A 根据第一段最后一句“... cleaning up the envirnment.”可知，她热爱环保，经常捡垃圾。pick up意为“捡起”。故选A。
3. A 句意为：尽管纳迪娅是出于好心，但是她所在学校的一些孩子却给她起了“垃圾女孩”的绰号。根据句意可知，上下文之间是转折关系，despite意为“尽管”。故选A。
4. C 根据上文可知纳迪娅热爱环保，保护环境就是保护我们所生活的这个星球。故选C。
5. D 根据第二段最后一句“But instead f letting them bring her dwn, she’s using their negativity as mtivatin (动力).”可知，她把别人对她的否定当成继续努力的动力，她不会停止做正确的事情，而是继续做保护地球的事情。故选D。
6. B 句意为：我正在做一些事情保护地球，而他们也居住在这个地球上。女孩做的事情正是保护我们的地球。故选B。
7. A 根据空前的“It’s everyne’s jb.”可知我们都有责任让地球安全，而不能认为这是别人的工作。be respnsible fr...意为“对……负责”。故选A。
8. D 根据句意可知，纳迪娅的妈妈对女儿的行为感到极其自豪。用extremely表示程度。故选D。
9. B 根据本空后的“she culd either stp cllecting rubbish...”以及“r she culd face the challenge...”可知，妈妈说她有两个选择。故选B。
10. C 根据空后的“s that they wuld leave her alne”可知，前面应该是说不再引起别人的注意，也就不会有人再欺凌她了。故选C。
11. D 根据句意可知，第二个选择是继续保护环境，坚持自己的信念。faith意为“信念”，符合语境。故选D。
12. C 根据句意以及最后一段中引用一名网友的评论内容可知，在小组里涌入了很多积极的评论，都在鼓励纳迪娅继续努力。故选C。
13. D 根据空后“encuraging her t carry n with the green effrts”可知，这些评论都鼓励她继续努力，也就是说这些评论都是支持她的。in supprt为固定短语，意为“支持”。故选D。
14. A 根据前后的“a star”和“bright”可知，本空应选shines，把纳迪娅比喻成闪亮的星星。故选A。
15. B 句意为：昂首挺胸，不要让别人阻碍你。discurage意为“阻碍；使气馁”。故选B。
七、
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现：在实行交通禁令或封城之后，空气污染的严重性会有所下降。
1. n 考查介词。句意：由耶鲁大学公共卫生学院研究人员牵头发表在《柳叶刀·星球健康》杂志上的一项新研究发现，中国从2月10日至3月14日在全国范围内实施的交通禁令，极大地限制了汽车尾气排放，并大幅减少了该国经常很严重的空气污染。ban (n sth.)意为“对……禁令”。故填n。
2. cuntry’s 考查名词所有格。句意同上。空处作定语修饰其后的名词pllutin，所以应用名词所有格形式。故填cuntry’s。
3. deaths 考查名词的复数。句意：研究发现，空气质量的改善反过来又防止了成千上万与污染有关的死亡，估计有12125（人），比流行病造成的死亡人数还要多。此处指“死亡”，是可数名词，因此用名词复数。故填deaths。
4. estimated 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处estimate和12,125之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作前置定语。故填estimated。
5. it 考查it的用法。句意：疫情对中国和世界其他国家来说仍然是一件可怕的事情，但随之而来的污染排放减少实际上已经带来了一些积极的健康结果。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，此处用it指代前面的epidemic，在句中作宾语。故填it。
6. ther 考查固定搭配。句意：问题是，我们怎么能只有一个而没有另一个？ne... the ther...意为“一个……另一个……”，故填ther。
7. different 考查词性转换。句意：陈凯说，尽管由于新冠肺炎的严重程度和应对措施不同，以及空气污染水平和人口特征不同，这些发现不能直接应用于其他国家，但在其他亚洲和欧洲国家以及美国自己的封锁之后，空气污染水平有所降低。句中air pllutin levels是名词，应由形容词修饰。故填different。
8. have been detected 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。句子主语air pllutin levels是复数形式，和detect之间是被动关系，且这里指到现在为止已经完成的事情，所以句子用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been detected。
9. after 考查介词。句意同第7题。此处指“在封城之后”，是时间状语。故填after。
10. likely 考查词性转换。句意：他指出，污染的减少很可能也带来了类似的健康益处。空处修饰动词短语brught abut，应用其副词形式。故填likely。
八、
Dear sir r madam,
I’m writing this letter t call n attentin t the cmmunity lecture cncerning garbage classificatin.
Garbage classificatin is f great significance. Firstly, nt nly can it cpe with pllutin issues effectively but mre space riginally ccupied by wasteland will be spared. Secndly, we can undeniably make a difference by taking advantage f recyclable garbage.
T fulfill yur bligatin t live an eclife, cme and jin in the lecture t be given at 3 p.m. next Sunday n the playgrund f Hngqi Primary Schl. Only with cmbined effrts can we make ur neighbrhd better.
Yurs,
Hngqi Cmmunity
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