2021学年Unit 3 Environmental Protection一课一练

这是一份2021学年Unit 3 Environmental Protection一课一练，共8页。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
The discussin n renewable energy has been ging n fr at least a decade and peple have relied n fssil fuels almst entirely fr mre than a century.Hwever，the situatin when fssil fuels were the mst efficient and the cheapest surce f energy has been left far in the past.Many cuntries such as Germany and Sweden have already made significant effrts t fix this situatin，emplying numerus pwer plants wrking n the renewable resurces f energy.The mst effective amng these resurces is gethermal(地热的) energy.
Gethermal energy des nt depend n the wrld’s ecnmic and plitical situatin as strngly as fssil fuels d.Besides，extracting(提炼) fssil fuels adds t the price f energy prduced frm them.Therefre，gethermal energy is much cheaper than traditinal energy，saving up t 80% f the csts ver fssil fuels.
Being a renewable resurce，gethermal energy prduces less waste and pllutin than traditinal energy surces.In gethermal systems，carbn dixide makes up abut 10% f air prduced.Overall，in rder t prduce the electricity that can be used fr ne hur，the gethermal systems prduce 0.1 pund f carbn dixide and ther harmful gases.Fr a cmparisn，a pwer plant prducing frm gas prduces up t 2 punds f carbn dixide int the atmsphere，and thse pwer plants that wrk n cal(煤) prduce an astnishing 3.6 punds f greenhuse gases.
Lw csts are anther reasn why using gethermal pwer plants shuld be the first chice fr many cuntries.Gethermal heat systems require 25% t 50% less energy fr wrk cmpared with the traditinal systems fr heating r cling.Besides，gethermal equipment is less big：due t the very nature f gethermal energy，gethermal pwer plants have nly a few mving parts，all f which can be easily sheltered inside a relatively small building.What’s mre，the life span f gethermal equipment is rather lng.All these make gethermal pwer statins easy t build and keep.
eq \x(语篇解读 当前地热资源是最有效、最受欢迎的资源，它具有经济、环保、成本低等特点。)
1．Fssil fuels are mre expensive than gethermal energy partly because .
A．it is free t use gethermal energy
B．the prductin f fssil fuels csts a lt
C．fssil fuels are nearly used up
D．gethermal energy desn’t depend n plitical situatin
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“extracting(提炼) fssil fuels adds t the price f energy prduced frm them”可知，提炼化石燃料成本较高，造成了化石燃料价格较高。故选B。
2．Accrding t Paragraph 3，what can be cncluded frm the cmparisn?
A．Gethermal energy is envirnmentally friendly.
B．Gas and cal are ften used t prduce electricity.
C．Cal is much mre efficient than gas.
D．The gethermal systems dn’t prduce harmful gases.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“gethermal energy prduces less waste and pllutin than traditinal energy surces”和下文地热系统和发电厂产生二氧化碳的数量比较可知，地热是比较环保的资源。故选A。
3．Gethermal equipment is usually nt as big as that f traditinal energy because f .
A．the life span f gethermal equipment
B．gethermal pwer plants
C．the nature f gethermal energy
D．the small buildings
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句中的“due t the very nature f gethermal energy，gethermal pwer plants have nly a few mving parts”可知，由于地热资源的性质，地热设备没有传统能源设备大，易移动。故选C。
4．What is the main idea f this passage?
A．Many cuntries have benefited frm gethermal energy.
B．Gethermal energy is well accepted.
C．Fssil fuels are being run ut f.
D．Gethermal energy has many advantages.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。当前地热资源是最有效、最受欢迎的资源，它具有经济、环保、成本低等特点。本文主要介绍的就是地热能源的优点。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
During a mid­autumn hliday with my family at a fishing spt，I witnessed a fish being 1 ， hpping(跳跃) ut f the water’s surface，making every effrt t 2 .
I culd see that the fisherman was an expert 3 he decided t 4 it struggling(挣扎) in the water s as t wrk ff its 5 .
Finally，the fish，the fighter，ran ut f pwer 6 it was caught in the expert’s fishing net.When it was thrwn ut f the net，it 7 started t struggle with all f its strength.Still，the expert fisherman was there t wait fr it t becme 8 .The fighter stpped hpping in nly a cuple f minutes.My feelings were 9 .I appreciated its strength and braveness but at the same time felt srry abut its sad ending.
Suddenly，I heard a sund f smething drpping int the 10 ： the fighter itself had turned the tables!
Yes，the fish 11 .After pretending that it had run ut f all f its strength，it had rlled back int the river.
I 12 the fighter frm the bttm f my heart when it made it.Of curse nt every fish is as lucky as this ne.Hwever，they all 13 hard just t survive.I’m struck by hw such a little fish tried s hard t 14 its wn life.Why can’t we human beings cherish (珍惜) ur life just as these little creatures d? Wuldn’t peple wh dn’t realize the 15 f life feel ashamed after seeing such creatures struggle t survive?
1．A.eaten B．killed
C．freed D．caught
答案 D
解析 根据下文中的“struggling(挣扎) in the water”可知，作者目睹了一条鱼被“捉住(caught)”的场面。
2．A.mve B．survive
C．hunt D．recver
答案 B
解析 根据下文描述鱼儿挣扎着死里逃生可知，它竭尽全力想要“活下来(survive)”。
3．A.fr B．if
C．thugh D．befre
答案 A
解析 该空后的内容解释了为什么钓鱼的人是行家，故填fr。
4．A.bring B．imagine
C．leave D．stp
答案 C
解析 根据下文中的“the fish，the fighter，ran ut f pwer”可知，钓鱼的人将已经上钩的鱼“留在(leave)”水里做最后的挣扎，想让鱼儿耗尽“体力(energy)”。
5．A.time B．anger
C．weight D．energy
答案 D
解析 参考上题解析。
6．A.and B．but
C．while D．until
答案 A
解析 “鱼儿耗尽体力”和“最终被渔网捞出”之间为并列关系，故填and。
7．A.just B．als
C．nce D．again
答案 D
解析 根据上文中的“it struggling(挣扎) in the water”和该空后的“started t struggle with all f its strength”可知，鱼儿被网子捞出时“又(again)”开始挣扎着想要活命。
8．A.dead B．exhausted
C．afraid D．hungry
答案 B
解析 根据该句中的“Still”和“wait fr it”可知，钓鱼的人还是想等鱼儿“筋疲力尽(exhausted)”。
9．A.mixed B．terrible
C．unclear D．familiar
答案 A
解析 根据下一句中的“I appreciated its strength and braveness”和“felt srry”两种不同的情感可知，作者对鱼儿产生了“复杂的(mixed)”感情。
10．A.net B．water
C．sea D．cave
答案 B
解析 根据文章开头的“a fishing spt”以及下文中的“it had rlled back int the river”可知，作者听到有东西掉入“水(water)”中的声音。
11．A.remembered B．failed
C．regretted D．succeeded
答案 D
解析 根据下一句中的“it had rlled back int the river”可知，鱼儿“成功(succeeded)”逃脱。
12．A.thanked B．lved
C．clapped D．trusted
答案 C
解析 根据上文作者对鱼儿的情感描写以及该段接下来的议论可知，作者打心底里为鱼儿的逃脱“拍手喝彩(clapped)”。
13．A.learn B．fight
C．pull D．hp
答案 B
解析 根据上文描述鱼儿竭尽全力保全性命可知，鱼儿“力争(fight)”活命。
14．A.save B．finish
C．enjy D．imprve
答案 A
解析 根据上一句中的“just t survive”可知，小鱼竭尽所能“挽救(save)”自己的性命给作者留下了非常深刻的印象。
15．A.truth B．purpse
C．imprtance D．hardship
答案 C
解析 文章通篇描写了小鱼想方设法活命的故事，因此作者在此联想到生命的“重要性(imprtance)”。
主观题规范练
Ⅲ.语法填空
Litter is everywhere，ding great harm 1. the envirnment and life n ur planet.Jeff Kirschner，wh wants t build a litter­free wrld，started a glbal cmmunity named Litterati 2. (settle) this prblem.
The stry began with his 6­year­ld daughter.One day they were ging n a hike when the girl nticed a 3. (break) plastic tub in a river.She said，“Daddy，that desn’t g there.” That tk Kirschner by surprise.He，like many adults，had becme s used t the rubbish arund them that he hadn’t given it a secnd lk.4. his daughter said reminded him f the serius prblem ur planet faces.
Jeff started t take 5. (act)．He created Litterati，an app that makes it fun t pick up litter.The idea is 6. (fair) simple：Spt a piece f trash，take a pht，pst the pht nline and then put the litter int dustbins.
7． (see) that Jeff was keeping a recrd f the psitive impact he was having n the planet，peple wrldwide started participating.Up t nw，ver 2,500,000 phts psted by 3,500 peple frm ver 40 cuntries 8. (find) their way t Litterati’s digital landfill.
Litterati is mre than an app.It is a highly 9. (effect) slutin t a pressing issue.Wherever yu live，whatever yu d and 10. yu are，jin Litterati t make the wrld a cleaner and healthier place t live in.
1．答案 t
解析 考查固定搭配。动词短语d harm t意为“对……有害”，故填介词t。
2．答案 t settle
解析 考查非谓语动词。句中不定式短语t settle this prblem在句中充当目的状语。故填t settle。
3．答案 brken
解析 考查形容词。形容词brken意为“坏了的”，在句中充当定语，修饰plastic tub。故填brken。
4．答案 What
解析 考查主语从句。句中what引导主语从句并在从句中充当动词said的宾语。所以填What。
5．答案 actin
解析 考查词性转换。动词短语take actin意为“采取行动”，所以填act的名词形式actin。
6．答案 fairly
解析 考查副词。句中应该使用副词充当状语修饰形容词simple。所以要填fairly。
7．答案 Seeing
解析 考查非谓语动词。主句主语peple wrldwide与动词see构成主动关系，要用现在分词作状语。故填Seeing。
8．答案 have fund
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。时间状语up t nw通常与现在完成时连用；主语ver 2,500,000 phts为复数形式，所以要填have fund。
9．答案 effective
解析 考查词性转换。形容词effective意为“有效的”，在句中充当定语修饰名词slutin。故填形容词effective。
10．答案 whever
解析 考查让步状语从句。由空前的“Wherever yu live，whatever yu d”和“and”可知，此处应用whever引导让步状语从句与其构成并列关系，所以要填whever。
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was summer，and my dad wanted t treat me t a vacatin like never befre.He decided t take me n a trip t the Wild West.We tk a plane t Albuquerque，a big city in the state f New Mexic.We reached Albuquerque in the late afternn.Uncle Paul，my dad’s friend，picked us up frm the airprt and drve us up t his farm in Pecs.
His wife Tina cked us a delicius dinner and we gt t knw his sns Ryan and Kyle.My dad and I spent the night in the guestrm f the farm huse listening t the frgs and water rlling dwn the river nearby.Very early in the mrning，Uncle Paul wke us up t have breakfast.“The day starts at dawn n my farm，” he said.After breakfast，I went t help Aunt Tina feed the chickens，while my dad went with Uncle Paul t take the sheep ut t graze(吃草)．I was impressed t see my dad and Uncle Paul riding hrses.They lked really cl.
In the afternn，I asked Uncle Paul if I culd take a hrse ride，and he said yes，as lng as my dad went with me.I wasn’t ging t take a hrse ride by myself anyway.S，my dad and I put n ur new cwby hats，gt n ur hrses，and headed slwly twards the muntains.“Dn’t be late fr supper，” Uncle Paul cried，“and keep t the track s that yu dn’t get lst！” “OK！” my dad cried back.After a while Uncle Paul and his farm huse were ut f sight.It was s peaceful and quiet and the clrs f the brwn rcks，the deep green pine trees，and the late afternn sun mixed t create a magic scene.It lked like a beautiful wven blanket spread ut upn the grund just fr us.
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f my hrse.


Paragraph 2：
We had n idea where we were and it gt dark.


一、故事梗概
二、情节推断
根据已经给出的续写部分每段的开头语并展开合理想象可推断：
1．第一段应该说的是：作者和父亲追赶兔子迷路的事情。
2．第二段应该说的是：作者和父亲迷路了，肯定是想办法找到回去的路，再根据常识，在野外迷路，可以根据天上星星的位置，比如北极星的位置来确定自己的位置，所以作者和父亲可能是利用北极星的位置找到了回去的路……
可根据自己的想象构建故事情节。续写两段的四个要素如下：
三、要素串联
将已确定的四要素串联，并增加细节描写，完成读后续写。
参考范文
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f my hrse.It lked s lvely！“Why nt catch it and bring it back t Uncle Paul? He must be very happy.” With this thught，I rde hard t hunt fr it.My dad saw it and had t fllw me.The rabbit sn entered a muntain frest and disappeared.We had t get dwn the hrses，cntinuing the chase and ttally frgetting the track back.
We had n idea where we were and it gt dark.Frightened，I stared at my dad，trying t seek a slutin fr the truble frm him.“Maybe what yu have learned in gegraphy class wrks，” he said，pinting t the stars in the sky.I knew he meant the Nrth Star.Sn we fund the right directin.We hurried back finding the hrses.The family was wrried and abut t call the plice.At the sight f us，they were relieved and hugged us tightly.There was nthing mre memrable than this rabbit hunting in my life!语篇解读 本文是记叙文。作者在文中描述了自己目睹鱼儿被捕后死里逃生的整个过程，并对此发出感慨：生命很宝贵，大家应该珍惜。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在女儿的影响下Jeff Kirschner创办了一个名叫Litterati的应用程序，鼓励人们清理垃圾保护环境。
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
时间：After seeing the lvely rabbit...
地点：in the frest
人物：the authr and his father
事件：The authr and his father began t chase the rabbit，but the rabbit was sn ut f sight.Then the authr and his father gt lst...
时间：After the authr and his father gt lst...
地点：in the wild
人物：the authr and his father
事件：The authr and his father tried t find a slutin.Then they saw the stars in the sky.They fund the way back using the stars...