专题03+语言学习-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过

这是一份专题03+语言学习-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过，共13页。
1._________________v.积累，积聚；(数量)逐渐增加
2._________________n.方法；途径；方式；态度；接近，靠近
3._________________n.基础v.以……为基础
4._________________v.使迷惑；使混淆
5._________________v.辨别；区分；使表现突出
6._________________vt.解释，说明；交代；讲解
7._________________n.解释，说明；辩解
8._________________n.词语，表达；表情
9._________________adj.流利的，流畅的
10._________________n.语法；文法；语法书
11._________________v.提高；改善，增进；增加
12._________________vt.精通，掌握；控制；征服
13._________________v.克服，解决；战胜，打败
14._________________v.发音；宣判；断言
15._________________n.&adj.标准(的)
16._________________adj.明确的，具体的，独特的
17._________________n.词汇，词汇表
18.cincidence n._________________
19.cllapse vi._________________
20.cllisin n._________________
21.cllective adj._________________
22.civilian n._________________
23.classics n._________________
24.capable adj._________________
25.capacity n._________________
26.cmprehensin n._________________
27.cnfident adj._________________
28.cntent n._________________
29._________________vt.挑战；对……怀疑(质疑)
30._________________vt.&vi.庆祝；举行；祝贺
31._________________n.零钱；变化；改变；换乘；替代物
32._________________adj.小心的，谨慎的
33._________________n.慈善事业；慈善
34._________________vt.&vi.追逐；追赶；追捕
35._________________n.化学；化学过程
36._________________n.香烟；纸烟
37._________________n.市民，公民；老百姓
38._________________n.文明；社会文明；文明世界
39._________________adj.经典的；古典的；传统的；最优秀的
40._________________adj.古典的；传统的；经典的
41._________________vt.把……分类；将……归类
42._________________气候；风气；思潮
43._________________n.教练；长途公车；旅客车厢
同事；同僚
46.catch n_________________
47.举行开幕式_________________
48.take a chance_________________
49.指控，控告某人某事_________________
50.(使)振作起来，(使)高兴起来_________________
51..下国际象棋_________________
52.做选择_________________
53.clear up_________________
54.得出结论_________________
55.cme abut_________________
56.在某方面；说到(做)某事_________________
57..与……有共同点_________________
58.陪伴某人_________________
59..由……组成/构成_________________
60.专心致志于_________________
61.enlarge ne's vcabulary._________________
62.express neself in English fluently_________________
63.养成习惯_________________
64.给某人就如何学英语提出一些建议_________________
65.have a gd cmmand f sth._________________
66.have a gd knwledge f English_________________
67.坚持_________________
68.提高写作能力_________________
69.用心记……_________________
70.参加英语角_________________
词汇拓展
1.charge n.(商品和服务所需的)要价，收费；指控；控告；指责；谴责v.收(费);(向……)要价；把……记在账上；控告；起诉；充电
【搭配】
have charge f sth./sb.负责照顾或管理某物或某人
in charge f负责管理，主管
in the charge f在……的管理(负责)之下take charge f管理，负责
charge sme mney fr sth.因为某事物而索取钱
charge sb.with sth.指控某人做某事，因为某事而控告某人
Dctrs have___________________f sick peple.医生负责照顾病人。
Mr Smith is in___________________f ur class.
=Our class is in the___________________f Mr Smith.我们班由史密斯先生负责。
Sn he will take___________________f the department.他很快会来负责管理这个部门。
2.cme abut产生；发生
Hw did the differences between British English and American English
英国英语和美国英语之间的不同是怎样形成的?
When Mther wke up, she didn't knw what had ___________________
母亲醒来的时候，她不知道发生了什么。
【联想】
cme back回来
cme by顺便来访
cme ver t过来；顺便拜访
cme int use开始使用
cme t an end结束；终止
cme t neself苏醒过来；恢复知觉
cme up t sb.朝某人走去
cme ut出现；出版；发芽
cme up with提出(想法)
cme up靠近；某事被提出
cme acrss偶然相遇
cme frm来自，出生于
cme dwn下来；下落
cme int being形成；产生
cme ff脱落
cme t/int pwer当权；上台
cme true变成现实；成为事实
cme n过来；加油；来吧
when it cmes t sth.当谈及说到……
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.All gd things must cme t__________end,hwever beautiful an experience is.
2.Thank yu fr writing and allwing me__________(clarify)the present psitin.
3. Every time we sit dwn t eat, we make a__________(chse).
4.Mst f us knw we shuld cut dwn n fat, But knwing such things isn't much help when it cmes t__________(shp)and eating.
5.A healthy diet shuld cnsist __________whlefd.
二、翻译句子
1. The cmmittee has been charged with the develpment f sprt in the regin.
______________________________________________________________________
2.As yu get mre cmfrtable and cnfident with the English yu are using,expand yur cntent and style.
______________________________________________________________________
3.没有足够的证据很难做出决定。(draw a cnclusin)
______________________________________________________________________
4.我们应当抛开分歧，讨论一下我们的共同点。( cmmn)
______________________________________________________________________
答案：
单词&短语
1.accumulate 2.apprach 3.base 4.cnfuse 5.distinguish 6.explain 7.explanatin 8.expressin 11.imprve 12. master 15.standard 16.specific 17.vcabulary18.巧合；同时存在 19.倒塌；崩溃20.碰撞；冲突21.集体的，共同的 22.平民 23.名著 24.有能力的；熟练的；能干的 25.容积，容量；生产能力 26.理解力，领悟力 27.自信的 28.目录 29.challenge 30.celebrate 31.change 32.cautius 33.charity 36.cigarette 37.citizen 40.classical 41.classify 44.clleague45.帮助……渡过难关 46.流行，理解 47.perfrm/hld the pening ceremny 48.冒险一试，碰运气 49.charge sb. with sth. 50.cheer(sb.)up 51.play chess52.make a chice 53.天气转晴 54 cme t/arrive at/draw/reach a cnclusin 55.发生；产生 56. when it cmes t(ding)sth. cmmn(with) 58.keep sb. cmpany 59.be cmpsed f/be made up f/cnsist f 60.cncentrate n(ding)sth. 61.扩大词汇量62.用英语流利地表达自己的想法 63.frm a habit
64. give sb. sme advice n hw t learn English 65.精通…… 66.精通英语 67.insist n 68.imprve writing skills 69. learn... by heart 70. take part in the English crner
词汇拓展
1.charge;charge;charge;charge
2.cme abut;cme abut
活学活用
一、1.an 2.t clarify 3.chice 4.shpping 5.f
二、1.委员会已被赋予在该地区发展体育运动的职责。
2.当你的英文使用得越来越熟练和自信时，增加你的内容和风格。
3.It is difficult t draw a cnclusin withut enugh evidence.
4.We shuld put aside ur differences and discuss the things we have in cmmn.
第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）七选五
Fur Tips t Imprve Yur English Vcabulary
Learning vcabulary is a big part f learning a language. The mre English wrds yu learn, the better yu can cmmunicate yur needs, ideas, thughts and feelings t thers in English. ____1____ Here are fur tips fr better vcabulary learning.
●Write dwn new wrds.
It’s a really gd idea t write dwn useful new vcabulary. ___2___ Plus, lts f peple learn better when they see things written n paper, rather than just hearing them.
●Revise new vcabulary regularly.
S, yu’ve gt an English ntebk full f useful vcabulary t remember. But did yu knw that if yu dn’t lk again at the new wrds and phrases, yu nly remember n average 20-25 percent f them? ____3____
S make five minutes each day t revise yur English vcabulary. The mre yu lk backwards, the faster yu g frwards!
●Learn frm cntext.
“Cntext” means the text that cmes befre and after a particular wrd. ___4___ It helps yu guess the meaning f wrds yu dn’t knw, it shws yu hw a wrd is used in a sentence, and it helps yu remember the wrd fr lnger.
This means learning vcabulary by reading and listening is mre effective than trying t study wrd lists. It als means that it’s better t make a nte f hw a wrd is used in a sentence rather than just the wrd n its wn.
●____5____
Researchers have fund that yu need t see r hear a wrd n average ten times t remember it. But yu learn it much faster when yu’re actively using a wrd.
S, besides getting as much expsure t English as yu can,take every pprtunity t cmmunicate in English with ther peple.
A．Use it r lse it!
B．See r hear a wrd mre times.
C．New wrds are usually hard t remember.
D．That’s a shcking waste f time and effrt!
E．It als refers t the situatin in which a wrd is used.
F．The act f writing the wrds helps yu remember them better.
G．S what can yu d t build yur English vcabulary quickly and effectively?
答案：1．G 2．F 3．D 4．E 5．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提升英语词汇量的几个建议。
1．前文“The mre English wrds yu learn, the better yu can cmmunicate yur needs, ideas, thughts and feelings t thers in English.(你学习的英语单词越多，你就越能用英语与他人交流您的需求、想法、想法和感受)”讲了英语词汇量大的好处，下文“Here are fur tips fr better vcabulary learning. (这里有四个技巧可以更好地学习词汇)”就更好学习词汇提出了四个建议。由此可知，空处应为一个问句承上启下，与G项“S what can yu d t build yur English vcabulary quickly and effectively? (那么，你可以做些什么来快速有效地建立英语词汇量呢？)”上下文一致，故选G项。
2．根据小标题“Write dwn new wrds.(写下新单词)”可知，本段主要讲述写下新单词的好处。由此可知，F项“The act f writing the wrds helps yu remember them better. (写单词的行为可以帮助你更好地记住它们)”符合本段语境。故选F项。
3．根据上句“But did yu knw that if yu dn’t lk again at the new wrds and phrases, yu nly remember n average 20-25 percent f them? (但是你知道吗，如果你不再看新的单词和短语，你平均只记得其中的20-25%？)”可知，只记住了20%-30%的内容，有点浪费时间。由此可知，D项“That’s a shcking waste f time and effrt! (这是令人震惊的时间和精力浪费！)”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
4．根据前文““Cntext” means the text that cmes befre and after a particular wrd.(“语境”是指特定单词之前和之后的文本)”可知，空处应会继续解释“cntext”，然后再谈语境的好处。由此可知，E项“It als refers t the situatin in which a wrd is used. (它也指使用单词的形势)”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选E项。
5．根据下文“Researchers have fund that yu need t see r hear a wrd n average ten times t remember it. But yu learn it much faster when yu’re actively using a wrd.(研究人员发现，你需要平均看到或听到一个单词十次才能记住它。但是当你积极使用一个单词时，你会学得更快)” 及“S, besides getting as much expsure t English as yu can, take every pprtunity t cmmunicate in English with ther peple.(因此，除了尽可能多地接触英语外，还要抓住一切机会与其他人用英语交流)”可知，主要讲述了使用单词的重要性。由此可知，A项“Use it r lse it! (要么使用它，要么失去它！)”适合作本段小标题。故选A项。
（B）阅读理解
Fr centuries, Central America’s Garifuna peple have kept the culture’s spken histry alive thrugh their ancestrs’ native language. But decades f mdernizatin, randm native-language training in Garifuna schls, intermarriage between cultures, and the ridicule (嘲笑) f yung peple wh speak the language, tgether led t Garifuna being listed n the UNESCO Atlas (地图集) f Endangered Languages in 2001.
The threat f language extinctin isn’t new. Sme linguists estimate that a language dies every tw weeks, as sme languages becme imprtant tls fr scial and ecnmic exchange, while thers are pushed t the margins (边缘). But there are ways t save at-risk languages as well. The key is that the language needs t be thught f less as preserved, “but indeed part f their present and future life,” says Liliana Sanchez, a linguist and prfessr at the University f Illinis.
That’s exactly what the Garinagu (Garifuna peple) are ding. Fr the past tw decades, Garifuna artists have used a cultural crnerstne—spirited dance music—t inspire yung Garinagu t learn and share their native language. Nw, with a new Garifuna Turism Trail prject in Belize, travelers can experience and supprt the cultural revival, t.
Palaci, a leader in the cultural revival, gathered Garifuna musicians acrss Central America t frm a band named the Garifuna Cllective in 2007. Their Garifuna lyrics sent a pwerful message: It’s time t defend ur culture. With multiple wrld turs and internatinal music awards later, the Garifuna Cllective put Garifuna n the internatinal map and tk Belize alng with it. Althugh Palaci passed away in 2008, his lyrics and the wrk f Garifuna musicians lit a cultural flame fr Garinagu wrldwide.
Will music save the Garifuna language? Time will tell. Garifuna remains n UNESCO’s endangered-language list, last updated in 2010. And, as the Hawaiians just learned frm revitalizing (使恢复生机) their wn language, this kind f revival is a lng, multi-generatinal rad.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．The rigin f the Garifuna language.
B．Reasns fr Garifuna’s being endangered.
C．The endangered languages f 2001.
D．Ways t save the Garifuna language.
2．What is Liliana Sanchez’s pinin n saving at-risk languages?
A．They shuld be prtected by singing sngs.
B．They shuld be preserved as much as pssible.
C．They shuld be made use f in everyday life.
D．They shuld be advertised by turists.
3．Hw des the authr like Palaci’s wrk?
A．Overwhelming.
B．Challenging.
C．Interesting.
D．Rewarding.
4．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．Garifuna has been remved frm the list.
B．Music is sure t save the Garifuna language.
C．It’ll take great effrts t preserve Garifuna.
D．Hawaiians are better at prtecting their culture.
答案：1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了被列入濒危语言的Garifuna语濒危的原因以及拯救Garifuna语所做出的努力。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Fr centuries…, tgether led t Garifuna being listed n the UNESCO Atlas (地图集) f Endangered Languages in 2001. (几个世纪以来，中美洲的Garifuna人通过他们祖先的母语保留了这种文化的口语历史。但是几十年的现代化进程、Garifuna学校里随意的母语培训、不同文化间的通婚以及说这种语言的年轻人的嘲笑，这些都导致Garifuna在2001年被联合国教科文组织列入濒危语言地图册。) ”可知本段主要介绍Garifuna濒临灭绝的原因。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“But there are ways t save at-risk languages as well. The key is that the language needs t be thught f less as preserved, “but indeed part f their present and future life,” says Liliana Sanchez, a linguist and prfessr at the University f Illinis. (但是也有一些方法可以拯救濒临灭绝的语言。关键在于，这种语言不应该被认为是被保存下来的，“而是他们现在和未来生活的一部分，”伊利诺伊大学(University f Illinis)语言学家、教授莉莉安娜·桑切斯(Liliana Sanchez)说。)”可知Liliana Sanchez认为拯救濒危语言应该在生活中利用语言，让语言成为生活的一部分，故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Althugh Palaci passed away in 2008, his lyrics and the wrk f Garifuna musicians lit a cultural flame fr Garinagu wrldwide. (尽管Palaci于2008年去世，但他的歌词和Garifuna音乐家的作品为Garinagu在全球范围内点燃了文化之火。)”可知作者觉得Palaci的作品是有意义的，故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Will music save the Garifuna language? Time will tell. Garifuna remains n UNESCO’s endangered-language list, last updated in 2010. And, as the Hawaiians just learned frm revitalizing (使恢复生机) their wn language, this kind f revival is a lng, multi-generatinal rad. (音乐能拯救Garifuna语吗?时间会证明一切。Garifuna语仍在联合国教科文组织濒危语言名录上，上一次更新是在2010年。而且，正如夏威夷人刚刚从复兴他们自己的语言中学到的，这种复兴是一条漫长的、多代人的道路。)”可知拯救Garifuna语还有很长的路要走，也就是保护Garifuna需要很大的努力。故选C。
（C）完形填空
While high schl des nt generally encurage students t explre new aspects f life, cllege sets the stage fr that explratin. I myself went thrugh this ___21___ prcess and fund smething that has changed my experience at cllege fr the better:I discvered ASL— American Sign Language (美式手语).
I never felt an urge t ___22___ any sign language befre. My entire family is hearing, and s are all my friends. The ___23___ languages were enugh in all my interactins (交往). Little did I knw that I wuld discver my lve fr ASL.
The ___24___ began during my first week at cllege. I watched as the ASL Club ___25___ their translatin f a sng. Bth the hand mvements and the very ___26___ f cmmunicating withut speaking ___27___ me. What I saw was cmpletely unlike anything I had experienced in the ___28___. This newness just left me wanting mre.
After that, feeling the need t ___29___ further, I decided t drp in n ne f ASL club’s meetings. I nly learned hw t ____30____ the alphabet that day. Yet instead f being discuraged by my slw prgress, I was excited. I then made it a pint t ____31____ thse meetings and learn all I culd.
The fllwing term, I ____32____ an ASL class. The prfessr was deaf and any talking was ____33____. I sn realised that the silence was nt unpleasant. ____34____, if there had been any talking, it wuld have caused us t learn less. Nw, I appreciate the silence and the ____35____ way f cmmunicatin it pens.
21．A．searchingB．planningC．naturalD．frmal
22．A．chseB．readC．learnD．create
23．A．fficialB．freignC．bdyD．spken
24．A．meetingB．tripC．stryD．task
25．A．recrdedB．perfrmedC．recitedD．discussed
26．A．ideaB．amuntC．dreamD．reasn
27．A．disturbedB．supprtedC．embarrassedD．attracted
28．A．endB．pastC．curseD．distance
29．A．exerciseB．explreC．expressD．explain
30．A．printB．writeC．signD．cunt
31．A．chairB．spnsrC．attendD．rganise
32．A．missedB．passedC．gave upD．registered fr
33．A．prhibitedB．welcmedC．ignredD．repeated
34．A．LastlyB．ThusC．InsteadD．Hwever
35．A．easyB．ppularC．quickD．new
答案：1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者大学经历的事情：作者发现了美国手语。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我自己也经历了这个搜索的过程，并发现了一些改变我大学经历的事情：我发现了美国手语。A. searching搜索的；B. planning计划的；C. natural自然的；D. frmal正式的。根据前文“cllege sets the stage fr that explratin.”以及后文“and fund smething”可知，此处为我自己也经历了这个搜索的过程，并发现了一些改变我大学经历的事情。故选A项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以前从未有过学习手语的冲动。A. chse选择；B. read读；C. learn学习；D. create创造。根据下文“I nly learned hw t ___10___ the alphabet”可知，此处为我以前从未有过学习手语的冲动。故选C项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我所有的互动中，口头语言就足够了。A. fficial官方的；B. freign外国的；C. bdy身体的；D. spken口头的。根据“were enugh in all my interactins.”可知，此处为在我所有的互动中，口头语言就足够了。故选D项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：故事发生在我上大学的第一周。A. meeting会议；B. trip旅行；C. stry故事；D. task任务。根据下文作者详细叙述发生的事情可知，此处为故事发生在我上大学的第一周。故选C项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我观看了美国手语俱乐部表演他们翻译的一首歌。A. recrded记录；B. perfrmed表演；C. recited背诵；D. discussed讨论。根据“their translatin f a sng”可知，此处为我观看了美国手语俱乐部表演他们翻译的一首歌。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：手势和不用说话就能交流的想法都吸引了我。A. idea想法；B. amunt数量；C. dream梦想；D. reasn原因。根据“cmmunicating withut speaking”可知，此处为手势和不用说话就能交流的想法都吸引了我。故选A项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：手势和不用说话就能交流的想法都吸引了我。A. disturbed分布；B. supprted支持；C. embarrassed(使)尴尬；D. attracted吸引。根据上文手势和不用说话就能交流的想法可知，此处为手势和不用说话就能交流的想法都吸引了我。故选D项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所看到的与我过去所经历的完全不同。A. end结局；B. past过去；C. curse课程；D. distance距离。根据语境可知，此处为我所看到的与我过去所经历的完全不同。故选B项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我觉得有必要进一步探索，于是决定去参加一个美国手语俱乐部的会议。A. exercise锻炼；B. explre探索；C. express表达；D. explain解释。 根据“I decided t drp in n ne f ASL club’s meetings.”决定去参加一个美国手语俱乐部的会议，故可推知，此处为我觉得有必要进一步探索，于是决定去参加一个美国手语俱乐部的会议。故选B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我只学会了怎么用字母签名。A. print打印；B. write写；C. sign签名；D. cunt计数。根据“the alphabet that day.”可知，此处为那天我只学会了怎么用字母签名。故选C项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我决定参加这些会议，并尽可能地学习。A. chair主持；B. spnsr赞助；C. attend出席；D. rganize组织。根据“thse meetings and learn all I culd.”可知，此处为我决定参加这些会议，并尽可能地学习。故选C项。
12．考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：接下来的学期，我注册了一个美国手语班。A. missed错失，想念；B. passed传递；C. gave up放弃；D. registered fr注册。根据“fr an ASL class”可知，此处为接下来的学期，我注册了一个美国手语班。故选D项。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教授是个聋子，禁止讲话。A. prhibited被禁止的；B. welcmed受欢迎的；C. ignred忽视的；D. repeated重复的。根据“The prfessr was deaf”可知，此处为教授是个聋子，禁止讲话。故选A项。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，如果有谈话的话，我们就会学到更少的东西。A. Lastly最后；B. Thus因此；C. Instead相反；D. Hwever然而。根据上下文句意可知，此处为上下文逻辑的相反，即相反，如果有谈话的话，我们就会学到更少的东西。故选C项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我欣赏这种沉默以及它所开启的新的交流方式。A. easy简单的；B. ppular受欢迎的；C. quick迅速的；D. new新的。根据“I appreciate the silence”以及“cmmunicatin it pens.”可知，此处为我欣赏这种沉默以及它所开启的新的交流方式。故选D项。