专题14+人与动植物-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过

这是一份专题14+人与动植物-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过，共10页。试卷主要包含了dinsaur n，trublesme adj，twist v，ultimate adj，underg v，______________n等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单词&短语
1.dinsaur n.______________2. trunk n.______________
3.trublesme adj.______________4.mushrm n.______________
5.twist v.______________6.squirrel n.______________
7.ultimate adj.______________8.uncnditinal adj.______________
9.underg v.______________10.uneasy adj.______________
11.unrest n.______________12.vacant adj.______________
13.bat n.______________14.variatin______________
15.habitat n.______________16.evlutin n.______________
17.trademark n.______________18.transfrm v.______________
19. transparent adj.______________20.tragedy n.______________
21.vilate v.______________22.underwear n.______________
23. victim n.______________24.vanish v.______________
25.vehicle in.______________
26.______________adj.传统的；惯例的
27.______________翻译；译文；转化；调任
28.______________n.金银财宝；财富；财产；珍品
______________v.珍视
29.______________adj.典型的；有代表性的；象征性的
30.______________n.雨伞；保护伞；庇护；伞形结构
31.______________adj.未料到的；意外的；想不到的
32.______________adj.不公平的；不公正的
33.______________adj.不幸的令人遗憾的；不成功的
34.______________adv.不情愿地；勉强地
35.______________v.更新；校正；修正；使现代化
36.______________adj.难过的；心烦的；混乱的；弄翻的
37.______________adj.迫切的；紧急的；急迫的
38.______________adj.有价值的；贵重的；可估价的
39.______________adv.毋庸置疑地；确实地
40.______________v.揭开；揭露；发现
41.______________n.家庭教师；导师；助教；(尤指音乐)课本
42._______________n.&v.贸易；交易
43.______________n.暴力；暴行；侵犯；激烈；歪曲
44._______________n.运输；运载工具；运输系统；流放
45.________________n.美德；德行；优点；贞操；功效
46._______________adj.难以置信的；不可信的
47.in view f________________________
48._________________________各种各样的
49.vary frm hur t hur_________________________
50._________________________徒劳；白辛苦
51.休假________________________
52.充分利用________________________
53.__________________________对……是独有的
54._________________________学生会
55.make neself understd________________________
56._________________________在建设中
57.没有意识到________________________
58._________________________轮流；依次做某事
59.________________________.到达；出现；发生；使仰卧
60.调低；拒绝；减小，关小________________________
61.migratin pattern________________________
62.grwth stage________________________
词汇拓展
1.typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；一贯的；平常的；不出所料；特有的
The elderly man may nt be____________,but he speaks fr a significant bdy f pinin.
这位老人也许并没有代表性，但他所说的话却代表着相当一部分人的观点。
The weather at the mment is___________ nt fr July.
现在的天气并不是七月份常有的。
A ___________wrking day fr me begins at 7:30.我的工作日一般在7:30开始。
2.turn up(常指出其不意地或经长久等待后)出现，到来，露面；找出；发现；注意到；出现；开大，调高(收音机、暖气等)
He___________late.他迟到了。
Investigatins have never___________any evidence.调查从没发现任何证据。
I can't hear the radi very well. Culd yu___________it___________a bit?
收音机我听不太清楚，你把声音开大点行吗?
【联想】turn t翻到；转向；变成；求助于，求教于
turn ver翻身，翻转；把……移交；换频道；营业额达
turn ut结果是，证明是；到场，出席；出来；制造
turn ff关掉；使厌烦
turn int成为；翻译
turn in交上去；告发；上床睡觉
turn back返回；往回走；阻挡；翻回到
turn rund转身；调头；转向另一面；使好转
turn against转而反对；与……反目
turn abut转身，向后转
turn n打开；攻击
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Arn culdn't speak Plish. I made myself_________(understand)with difficulty.
2.1_________(wait)fr an hur and he still hasn't turned up.
3. Fast mask-changing is unique_________Sichuan Opera perfrmance.
4.I find _________unbelievable that peple can accept this srt f behaviur.
5. All kinds f_________(traditin)craft industries are preserved here.
二、翻译句子
1.I read his article again and again,trying hard t understand what he was driving at but in vain.
_____________________________________________________________
2.在我们班，我们轮流做值日报告。(take turns)
_____________________________________________________________
3.建设中的那幢建筑物是一个公共图书馆。(under cnstructin)
_____________________________________________________________
4.既然你有了这个机会，你可以充分地利用它了。(make use f)
_____________________________________________________________
参考答案
单词&短语
1.恐龙 2.树干；皮箱；象鼻 3.麻烦的；棘手的 4.蘑菇5.弯曲；扭曲 6.松鼠 7.最后的；最终的 8.无条件的9.经历；忍受 10.不自在的；忧虑的 11.动荡；不安12.空的；空缺的 13.蝙蝠 14.变化；差别 15.栖息地16.进化 17.商标 18.使变形；使改变 19.透明的20.不幸；悲剧 21.违反(法律等);扰乱 22.衬衣；内衣23.牺牲品；受害者 24.突然不见 25.车辆；运载工具26.traditinal 27.translatin 28.treasure 29.typical 30.umbrella 31.unexpected 32.unfair 35.update 36.upset 37.urgent 40.uncver 41.tutr 44.transprtatin 45.virtue 46.unbelievable47.鉴于；考虑到 48.a variety f/varieties f 49.时刻都在变化 50.in vain 51.take/have a vacatin 52.make full use f 53.be unique t 54. the Students' Unin55.把自己的意思说清楚 56.under cnstructin 57.be uncnscius f 58.d sth. by turns/in turn;take turns t d sth. 59.turn up 60.turn dwn 61.迁徙模式62.生长阶段
词汇拓展
1.typical;typical;typical
2.turned up;turned up;turned;up
活学活用
一、1.understd 2.have been waiting 3. t 4.it 5.traditinal
二、1.我把他的文章读了一遍又一遍，但对他的意图仍百思不解。
2.In ur class,we take turns t d the duty reprt.
3.The building under cnstructin is a public library.
4.Nw that yu've gt a chance,yu might as well make full use f it
第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）阅读理解
Kids everywhere lve t play. And they knw a ball is a perfect thing t play with. Nw scientists at Lndn’s Queen Mary University reprt that bumblebees seem t knw the same thing, making bumblebees the first insects knwn t play.
When peple talk abut “play”, they’re describing an animal ding smething that desn’t really seem t help it. They’re nt ding the actin t get fd r shelter r anther similar “reward”. Play usually happens when a creature is relaxed and is ften repeated.
Hwever, scientists think many animals and birds’ playing is a kind f training fr things they’ll have t deal with in later life. But befre this, there were n reprts f insects playing.
Scientists at Dr. Chittka’s lab, carried ut an experiment. First, they tagged (贴标签) 45 yung bumblebees, bth male and female, between 1 and 23 days ld. The tags made the bees easier t identify and fllw.
The scientists set up a clear pathway frm the bumblebees’ nest t a feeding area. On either side f the pen pathway, the researchers placed small clred wden balls. On ne side f the path, the balls were attached and culdn’t mve. On the ther side, the balls culd rll arund. It turned ut that the bumblebees weren’t interested in the unmvable balls, but they made lts f visits t the rlling balls.
Grabbing the balls with their legs, the bees wuld flap (拍打) their wings t pull n the balls, causing them t rll. The 45 tagged bumblebees rlled balls 910 times during the experiment. Thugh sme nly did it nce, thers did it a lt. The yunger bumblebees spent mre time rlling balls. Males seemed mre likely t play than females.
“It’s nt clear why the bees rll the balls r whether they enjy it But the experiment raises imprtant questins abut hw the insects’ minds wrk and whether they have feelings. With further research, the future will hld surprises and answers in stre fr us,” said Dr. Chittka.
1．What is the purpse f animals’ play accrding t scientists?
A．T find ideal shelter.
B．T receive extra rewards.
C．T develp survival skills.
D．T get their fellws’ attentin.
2．What did Dr. Chittka’s experiment fcus n?
A．Bumblebees’ categries.B．Bumblebees’ habitats.
C．Bumblebees’ intelligence.D．Bumblebees’ behavir.
3．What was the result f the experiment?
A．Yunger male bumblebees preferred t rll the balls.
B．Bumblebees pssessed different wing beat frequency.
C．Bumblebees culd distinguish balls f different clrs.
D．A specially-built pathway helped bumblebees find fd.
4．What is Dr. Chittka’s attitude t their future research?
A．Uncertain.B．Dubtful.C．Optimistic.D．Critical.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。各地的孩子都爱玩。他们知道球是玩的完美的东西。文章介绍了现在伦敦玛丽女王大学的科学家们报告说，大黄蜂似乎也知道同样的事情，这使大黄蜂成为已知的第一个会玩的昆虫。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hwever, scientists think many animals and birds’ playing is a kind f training fr things they’ll have t deal with in later life.”（然而，科学家们认为，许多动物和鸟类的玩耍是一种训练，以便它们在以后的生活中应对问题。）可知，科学家认为动物玩耍的目的是培养生存技能。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Scientists at Dr. Chittka’s lab, carried ut an experiment. First, they tagged 45 yung bumblebees, bth male and female, between 1 and 23 days ld. The tags made the bees easier t identify and fllw.”（Chittka博士实验室的科学家们进行了一项实验。首先，他们标记了45只1至23天大的小大黄蜂，有雄有雌。这些标签使蜜蜂更容易被识别和跟踪。）根据最后一段“It’s nt clear why the bees rll the balls r whether they enjy it ”（目前尚不清楚蜜蜂为什么会滚动这些球）可知，Chittka博士的实验关注的是大黄蜂的行为。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The yunger bumblebees spent mre time rlling balls. Males seemed mre likely t play than females.”（年轻的大黄蜂花更多的时间滚球。雄性似乎比雌性更喜欢玩。）可知，实验结果发现年轻的雄性大黄蜂更喜欢滚球。故选A项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With further research, the future will hld surprises and answers in stre fr us,” said Dr. Chittka.”（随着进一步的研究，未来将为我们带来惊喜和答案，”Chittka博士说。）故可推知，Chittka博士对他们未来的研究持乐观的态度。故选C项。
（B）完形填空
Peple hld general belief that birds will fly suth in winter. But nt all birds d s t escape the ___56___ and settle smewhere nice and warm. Many f ur feathered friends actually ___57___ and try t live thrugh the hard time.
They will face greater ___58___ when temperatures drp well beynd the freezing pint. It was against this backgrund that a ___59___ abut rescuing a little sparrw tk place.
The pr bird was caught ff-guard by the freezing temperatures and had itself ___60___ n the metal piping next t a water heater.
___61___,a man by the name f Nelsn Wilsn ___62___ the frightened bird. When he hurried t see what was happening, he saw it ___63___ desperately and decided t d smething t help it ut.
“When I went ver, I ___64___ the bird which was glued dwn t the pipe and culdn't fly away,”Wilsn ____65____ . “The little bird mst likely ____66____ t drink sme water because it is nt ____67____ fr birds t drink frm the heated tank in winter. But unfrtunately , its feet gt ____68____ frm the water and frze int the metal piping. S I ____69____ t warm the feet f the frightened bird by pressing my palm (手掌) against bth the ____70____ and the bird's feet.”
But the ____71____ did nt give him what he wanted. Then, Wilsn started ____72____ blwing warm air n the bird t ____73____ its fragile feet and make them get warm earlier. After several minutes, his warming the bird's feet with his warm ____74____ brught success. The bird was finally able t ____75____ its previusly frzen feet. It was saved!
56．A．siteB．enemyC．diseaseD．cld
57．A．stay behindB．step frwardC．take fD．cme ut
58．A．failureB．dilemmaC．dangerD．truth
59．A．ripB．stryC．taskD．meeting
60．A．1stB．bathedC．cnfusedD．trapped
61．A．HpefullyB．ThankfullyC．SuddenlyD．Strangely
62．A．fundB．acceptedC．seizedD．heard
63．A．1yimgB．waitingC．strugglingD．hunting
64．A．treatedB．nticedC．btainedD．pushed
65．A．explainedB．cncludedC．predictedD．added
66．A．refusedB．hesitatedC．stppedD．learnt
67．A．incnvenientB．harmlessC．practicalD．uncmmn
68．A．stickyB．wetC．slipperyD．heavy
69．A．attemptedB．managedC．agreedD．expected
70．A．pipeB．iceC．waterD．feather
71．A．challengeB．apprachC．advantageD．attentin
72．A．casuallyB．eventuallyC．gentlyD．accidentally
73．A．bserveB．pullC．recgnizeD．prtect
74．A．breathB．catC．armD．chest
75．A．feelB．seeC．mveD．drp
答案：56．D57．A58．C59．C60．D61．B62．A63．C64．B65．A66．C67．C68．A69．A70．A71．B
72．C73．D74．A75．C
【分析】
本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Nelsn Wilsn营救被困在冻住的金属管上的小麻雀的故事。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但并不是所有的鸟类都这样做是为了躲避寒冷，并在温暖舒适的地方定居。A. site场所；B. enemy敌人；C. disease疾病；D. cld寒冷。根据“settle smewhere nice and warm”可知，不是所有的鸟类都会向南迁移躲避寒冷。故选D项。
57．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的许多长着羽毛的朋友实际上会留下来，试图度过这段艰难的时光。A. stay behind留下来；B. step frward向前；C. take f利用；D. cme ut出版。根据“But nt all birds d s t escape the 1 and settle smewhere nice and warm.”可知，有一些鸟会留下来度过寒冬。故选A项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当温度下降到远远超过冰点时，它们将面临更大的危险。A. failure失败；B. dilemma两难；C. danger危险；D. truth真相。根据“when temperatures drp well beynd the freezing pint”可知，当温度降到冰点以下很多时，鸟儿们会遇到更大的危险。故选C项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是在这样的背景下，一项营救一只小麻雀的任务发生了。A. rip撕裂口；B. stry故事；C. task任务；D. meeting会议。根据“abut rescuing a little sparrw”可知，营救一只小麻雀是一项任务。故选C项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只可怜的小鸟被冰冻的温度吓得措手不及，卡在热水器旁边的金属管道上。A. lst丢失；B. bathed沐浴；C. cnfused使困惑；D. trapped卡住。根据“The pr bird was caught ff-guard by the freezing temperatures”可知，小鸟被卡住了。故选D项。
61．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸好，一个叫尼尔森·威尔逊的人发现了这只受惊的鸟。A. Hpefully有希望地；B. Thankfully幸好；C. Suddenly突然；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据“a man by the name f Nelsn Wilsn 6 the frightened bird”可知，幸好小鸟被发现了。故选B项。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fund发现；B. accepted接受；C. seized抓住；D. heard听到。根据“When he hurried t see what was happening”可知，Nelsn Wilsn发现了这只鸟。故选A项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他赶去看发生了什么事时，他看到它在拼命地挣扎，于是决定做些什么来帮助它。A. lying躺；B. waiting等待；C. struggling挣扎；D. hunting捕猎。根据“desperately”及上文描写小鸟被困住可知，鸟儿应该在挣扎想要逃脱。故选C项。
64．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我走过去的时候，我注意到那只鸟被粘在了水管上，飞不走了，” 威尔逊解释说。A. treated对待；B. nticed注意到；C. btained获得；D. pushed推。根据“a man by the name f Nelsn Wilsn 6 the frightened bird”可知，Nelsn Wilsn注意到这只鸟被粘在水管上。故选B项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. explained解释；B. cncluded得出结论；C. predicted预测；D. added添加。根据前后文Nelsn Wilsn所说可知，此处为他在解释发现鸟及解救鸟的过程。故选A项。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小鸟很可能停下来喝水，因为在冬天，鸟儿从加热的水箱里喝水是不现实的。A. refused拒绝；B. hesitated犹豫；C. stpped停止；D. learnt学习。根据“t drink sme water”可知，Nelsn Wilsn推测，小鸟停下来喝水，因此被困住了。故选C项。
67．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. incnvenient不方便的；B. harmless无害的；C. practical实际的；D. uncmmn不常见的。根据“in winter”可以推测，冬天从热水箱里喝水是不实际的。故选C项。
68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但不幸的是，它的脚被水粘住了，冻在了金属管道里。A. sticky粘的；B. wet潮湿的；C. slippery滑的；D. heavy重的。根据前文第三段内容及“frze int the metal piping”可知，小鸟被粘住了。故选A项。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我试着用我的手掌温暖管道和鸟的脚。A. attempted尝试；B. managed（设法）完成；C. agreed同意；D. expected期待。根据“t warm the feet f the frightened bird by pressing my palm”可知，看到小鸟的脚被粘住了，Nelsn Wilsn尝试着温暖鸟的脚。故选A项。
70．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pipe管道；B. ice冰；C. water水；D. feather羽毛。根据“frze int the metal piping”可知，鸟的脚与金属管道冻在一起，因此，需要一起加热金属管。故选A项。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是这种方法并没有给他想要的东西。A. challenge挑战；B. apprach方法；C. advantage优势；D. attentin注意力。根据“S I ___14___ t warm the feet f the frightened bird by pressing my palm against bth the ___15___ and the bird's feet.”可知，Nelsn Wilsn用手掌捂热小鸟的脚和管道的方法没有奏效。故选B项。
72．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，威尔逊开始轻轻地向这只鸟吹暖空气，以保护它脆弱的脚，让它们早点暖和起来。A. casually随意地；B. eventually最终；C. gently轻柔地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据“its fragile feet”可知，Nelsn Wilsn轻轻地向小鸟的脚吹暖空气。故选C项。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bserve观察；B. pull拉；C. recgnize认出；D. prtect保护。根据“its fragile feet and make them get warm earlier”可知，吹暖空气的目的是为了保护鸟儿脆弱的脚。故选D项。
74．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，他用温暖的呼吸温暖了小鸟的脚，成功了。A. breath呼吸；B. cat外套；C. arm手臂；D. chest胸膛。根据上文“blwing warm air n the bird”可知，Nelsn Wilsn用呼吸温暖了小鸟的脚。故选A项。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只鸟终于能够移动它之前冻住的脚了。A. feel感觉；B. see看见；C. mve移动；D. drp掉落。根据“its previusly frzen feet”可知，鸟儿终于能移动之前被冻住的脚了。故选C项。