2023届高考英语二轮复习：语法填空议论类专练（含答案）

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习：语法填空议论类专练（含答案），共9页。
专题十二 语法填空议论类专练考点01：冠词  考点02：代词 考点03：介词和介词短语 考点04：名词 考点05：形容词和副词   考点06：非谓语动词  考点07：动词的时态和语态 考点08：定语从句   考点09：名词性从句  考点10：并列连词   考点11：状语从句  1. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。    Always aim ①_______(high)  than you believe  you can reach. So often, you'll discover that when your  talents ②_______ (set) free by your imagination, you can achieve any goals.    If people offer their help or ③_______ (wise) as you go through life, accept it ④_______ (grateful). You can learn  much  from those ⑤_______ have gone before you. However, ⑥_______ your heart tells you  that it's  the   right way for you, never be afraid or unwilling ⑦_______ (step) off the ⑧_______ (accept) path and head off in   your own direction.  Always believe that you will finally ​⑨_______ (success) in whatever you do, and never forget ⑩_______ value of determination, persistence and discipline. You are meant to be whatever you dream of becoming.2. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。    When we're young, we fearlessly dream about what our lives might be like. Since I was very young, I have dreamed of working for the United Nations in some of the most troubled ①______(country) in the world. And thanks to a lot of courage, that dream finally came true.     But here's the thing about courage: It doesn't just appear whenever we need it. It's the result of tough ②______ (consider) and real work, involving the balance ③______ fear and bravery. Without fear, we'll do foolish things. And without courage, we'll never step into ④______ unknown. The balance of the two is where the magic lies, and it's a balance we all deal with every day...    I ⑤______ (diagnose) with a disease called HIBM three years ago, which affects all my muscles from head to toe. It was frightening news, because I had no idea how the disease might progress. But what was ⑥______ (extreme) disheartening was listening to other people advise me ⑦______ (limit) my ambitions and dreams. So, I ignored them and continued to pursue my dream of working all over the world.     Life is already ⑧______ (scare), so to make our dreams come true, we need to be brave. In facing my fears and ⑨______ (find) the courage to push through them, I swear my life has been extraordinary. So live big and try to let your courage outweigh your fear. You never know ​⑩______ it might lead you in the life journey.3. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One's attitude towards life ①_________(have) a great impact on his or her life quality. Therefore , if you want to live a better life, a positive attitude is ②_________ must. It is the single biggest thing ③_________ can make a difference in many aspects. It brings optimism into your life, and makes it easier to avoid worries and negative thinking. If you adopt it as a way of life, it would bring constructive ④_________ (change) into your life, and make you happier, brighter and more successful. With a positive attitude you see the bright side of life, become optimistic, and expect the best ⑤_________ (happen). It is ⑥_________ (certain) a state of mind that is well worth developing. A positive mind can help you in many ways. It leads to ⑦_________ (happy) and success and can change your whole life. If you look at the bright side of life, your whole life becomes ⑧_________ (fill) with light. This light affects not only you and the way you look at the world, ⑨_________ affects your environment and the people around you. So, always keep this ​⑩_________ mind: Life is very much like a mirror, if you smile upon it, it smiles back upon to you, if you frown and look doubtful on it, you will get a similar look in return.4. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。   We all make mistakes more than once. ①_________(hope), we learn from them finally. We all have wishes that we can't make ②_________ (come) true. We all make a ③_________ (judge) of other people and then find out they are really nice people. And we don't know what difficulty they have gone through in life ④_________ has made them who they are. We all get(嫉妒的) of others even if we shouldn't. We should be secure and feel good about ourselves and our partners and we should be happy for our friends when they ⑤_________ (success) in something.     We are all humans and have human ⑥_________ (feel). That doesn't make us bad people ⑦_________ that's part of ⑧_________ makes us humans. We just have to remember: when we have bad thoughts we have to turn ⑨_________ into positive ones.    We all have to be ⑩_________ (thank) for what we have. Be kind to yourself and others and you will be happy.5. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。    If you have ever watched the Miss America competition, you must have seen that the young ladies wear tight swimming costumes ①__________(show) off their shapes, or sing popular songs to reveal their beautiful voices in the talent show.     However, Virginia Camille Schrier, ②_______ was crowned Miss America 2020, was different. Dressed in a lab coat, the 24-year-old girl ③__________(perform) an "elephant's toothpaste" science experiment. She created an explosion by ④ ___________ (combine)hydrogen peroxide(过氧化氢)with potassium iodide(碘化钾)in the talent show.     "⑤_______ a student of medicine, I am raising social awareness about everyday drug ⑥_________(safe)and abuse prevention, " Schrier told CNN. Meanwhile, her unconventional performance ⑦________ (immediate) made headlines around the United States.     Many people think that Schrier breaks the ⑧_________ (fix) impression of Miss America. ⑨____________(like) the other young women, Schrier presents ⑩__________ (her) as charming knowledgeable and confident, instead of just a pretty face.6. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。    Great Ocean Road, a 243-kilometer stretch of road along the southeastern coast of Australia, is well-known for its beautiful coastal views, ①_______ was all I knew about it before I visited it in person. But to my surprise, not only was the ocean view ②_______ (extreme) attractive, but the forest and mountains on the other side of the road were also very ③_______ (impress).     My family went to Great Otway National Park along the Great Ocean Road on a hot morning. Despite the weather, it was cool in the rainforest, thanks ④_______ the fine mist from the various waterfalls. We visited ⑤_______ most popular waterfall in the area called Erskine Falls. The view of the waterfall could ⑥_______ (see) from two lookouts. Although the lower one was hundreds of ⑦_______ (step) down from the higher one, it was so rewarding to view the pouring water.     The national park also offered many unique ways for visitors ⑧_______ (explore) the rainforest. We chose the treetop walk. As we walked, the beauty of the region's flora and fauna (动植物群) unfolded in front of us, but from an angle that I never thought would be possible. Without needing to stretch ⑨_______ (we) necks upward, we just looked around like birds ​⑩_______ (stand) on a tree branch!

 

答案以及解析1.答案：1. higher2. are set3. wisdom4. gratefully5. who6. if7. to step8. accepted9. succeed10. the
解析： 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了要相信自己,树立能达到的更高的目标,最终将会实现梦想。【小题1】考查副词比较级。句意:永远树立比你相信你能达到的更高的目标。空处修饰动词aim,需用副词,结合than可知,此处使用副词比较级。故填higher。【小题2】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:你常常会发现,当你的才能被你的想象力释放出来时,你就可以实现任何目标。根据主句的"you'll discover"和"when"可知,此处主句使用一般将来时,时间状语从句使用一般现在时,主语为your talents,和set为被动关系,且主语为复数名词,谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are set。【小题3】考查名词。句意:在你的人生历程中,如果有人给予你帮助或传授你智慧,你要心怀感激地接受。their为形容词性物主代词,空处和help并列,需填名词作宾语,wisdom意为"智慧",表抽象概念,不可数。故填wisdom。【小题4】考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词accept,需用副词作状语。故填gratefully。【小题5】考查定语从句。句意:你可以从前辈那里学到很多东西。空处引导定语从句,先行词those,指人,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词who引导。故填who。【小题6】考查状语从句。句意:然而,如果你的内心告诉你这就是你的正确道路,不要害怕或不愿意离开公认的道路,朝着你自己的方向前进。结合语境可知,空处引导条件状语从句,需用从属连词if引导。故填if。【小题7】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。be unwilling to do sth.为固定用法,意为"不愿意做某事"。故填to step。【小题8】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构,已有谓语动词"be afraid or unwilling to step off",空处需填非谓语动词作定语,修饰名词path,accept和path为动宾关系,需用过去分词形式。故填accepted。【小题9】考查动词时态。句意:永远相信,无论你做什么,你最终都会成功,永远不要忘记决心、坚持和自律的价值。That引导的宾语从句缺少谓语动词,结合空前的"will"可知,空处需填动词原形,与之构成一般将来时。故填succeed。【小题10】考查冠词。句意同上。根据空后的"of determination, persistence and discipline"可知,此处对value进行特指,需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。2.答案：1. countries2. consideration/considerations3. between4. the5. was diagnosed6. extremely7. to limit8. scary9. finding10. where
解析： 这是一篇议论文,作者通过自身的事例说明生活要有勇气,直面生活中的恐惧并找到战胜恐惧的勇气,生活会十分精彩。[小题1]考查名词复数。句意:我从很小的时候,就梦想在世界上某些最困难的国家里为联合国工作。country是可数名词,结合空前的some可知,此处应用复数形式。故填countries。[小题2]考查名词。句意:它是坚韧不移的深思和脚踏实地的努力的结果,需要恐惧和勇敢之间的平衡。空处应填名词作宾语,consideration"仔细考虑,深思"用作可数或不可数名词均可,故填consideration(s)。[小题3]考查介词。句意:它是坚韧不移的深思和脚踏实地的努力的结果,需要恐惧和勇敢之间的平衡。结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语between.. and...意为".... .....之间"。故填between。[小题4]考查定冠词。句意:没有勇气,我们永远无法踏入未知的世界。"the +形容词"表-类人或事物,the unknown表示"未知的世界"。故填the。[小题5]考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:三年前,我被诊断出患有一种叫做HIBM的疾病, 它影响了我从头到脚的所有肌肉。根据时间状语three years ago可知,句子是讲述过去发生的事情,且主语1和动词diagnose之间是被动关系, 应用-般过去时的被动语态,be diagnosed with .. .被诊断患有某疾病,主语是I, be动词用was。 故填was diagnosed.[小题6]考查副词。句意:但最令人沮丧的是,我听到别人建议我要抑制自己的野心和梦想。修饰形容词化的分词disheartening应用副词形式。故填extremely.[小题7]考查动词不定式。句意:但最令人沮丧的是,我听到别人建议我要抑制自己的野心和梦想。advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事,固定短语,故填to limit.[小题8]考查形容词。句意:生活已经很可怕了,所以为了实现我们的梦想,我们需要勇敢。空处应用形容词作表语,scary可怕的, 恐怖的。故填scary。[小题9]考查动名词。句意:通过直面我的恐惧并找到克服它们的勇气,我可以发誓,我的人生非常精彩。空处和facing并列, 应用动名词形式作介词In的宾语,故填finding。[小题10]考查宾语从句。句意:你永远不知道在人生的旅途中它会把你带向何处。空处引导宾语从句,从句结构完整,结合句意可知,此处表示带向何处",用连接副词where引导,故填where。3.答案：1. has2. a3. that4. changes5. to happen6. certainly7. happiness8. filled9. but10. in
解析： ①考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:一个人对生活的态度对他或她的生活质量有很大的影响。陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,且主语为attitude,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填has。②考查冠词。句意:因此,如果你想过更好的生活,一个积极的态度是必须的。must表示"必要的事情"为可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且must是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。③考查定语从句。句意:它是一件能在许多方面产生影响的最重要的事情。此处为定语从句修饰先行词thing,先行词在从句中作主语,且由最高级修饰,只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。④考查名词的数。句意:如果你把它作为一种生活方式,它会给你的生活带来建设性的改变,让你更快乐、更开朗、更成功。 change为可数名词,前文没有冠词,应用复数形式。故填changes。⑤考查不定式。句意:有了积极的态度,你会看到生活光明的一面,变得乐观,期待最好的事情发生。此处为"expect+宾语+宾补"结构,故应填不定式作宾语补足语。故填to happen。⑥考查副词。句意:这当然是一种很值得发展的精神状态。此处修饰be动词is应用副词certainly,作状语。故填certainly。⑦考查名词。句意:它会带来幸福和成功,还会改变你的整个人生。此处作介词to的宾语应用名词happiness, happiness为抽象名词,不可数。故填happiness。⑧考查形容词。句意:如果你看到生活光明的一面,你的整个生活就会充满光明。结合句意"充满.…"可知短语为become/​be filled with。故填filled。⑨考查固定短语。句意:这种光明不仅影响你和你看待世界的方式,而且影响你的环境和你周围的人。结合句意表示"不仅...而且..."可知短语为not ony...but(also)...。故填but。⑩考查介词。句意:所以,请永远记住:生活犹如一面镜子,你对它笑,它也对你笑;如果你双眉紧锁,向它投以怀疑的目光,它也将还以你同样的目光。结合句意表示记住"可知短语为keep in mind。故填in。4.答案：Hopefully; come; judgement; that/which; succeed; feelings ; because; what; them; thankful
解析：本文是一篇议论文。错误在人生中是无法避免的,我们要做的是从错误中吸取教训并让自己开心幸福。 ①考查副词。副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。句中应该使用副词修饰整个句子。故填Hopefully。②考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,关系代词"that"指代"wishes",做动词make的宾语,构成短语"make...do...",为"让……做……",应该使用动词原形做宾语补足语。故填come。③考查名词。句意:我们都对其他人有一个判断,然后发现他们是真正友善的人。不定冠词a的后面要接名词,动词judge的名词形式是judgement。故填judgement。④考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是difficulty,应该使用关系代词that/which指代先行词,引导定语从句并在从句中做主语。故填that/which。⑤考查动词。句中when引导时间状语从句,空格处应该填谓语动词,且主语是they。故填succeed。⑥考查名词。句意:我们都是人,都有人类的情感。句中应该使用名词做动词have的宾语,而且人类的情感较为丰富。故填feeling的复数形式feelings。⑦考查连词。句意:那不会让我们成为坏人,因为那是让我们成为人类的一部分。根据句意可知上下文是因果关系。故填because。⑧考查宾语从句。空处所填词引导宾语从句,并在从句中做主语。故填what。⑨考查代词。分析句子结构可知,所填词指代前面出现的"bad thoughts"。故填them。⑩考查形容词。句意:我们都要对我们所拥有的事物心存感激。在系动词的后面要接形容词做表语。故填thankful。5.答案：1. to show2. who3. performed4. combining5. As6. safety7. immediately8. fixed9. Unlike10. herself
解析： 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了弗吉尼亚卡米尔施里尔在"美国小姐"选美大赛上一改传奇的身材展示,唱歌等才艺,而是做了一个化学实验,以此呼吁人们重视药物安全和药物滥用的故事。[小题1]考查非调语动词。句意:如果你曾经看过"美国小姐"选美大赛,你-定看到这些年轻的女性在舞台上穿着紧身游泳衣来展示她们的身体,或者唱流行歌曲来展示她们美丽的歌喉。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填动词不定式作目的状语,所以应填to show。故填to show。[小题2]考查定语从句。句意:然而,卫冕2020年美国小姐大赛冠军的弗吉尼亚卡米尔施里尔是与众不同的。分析句子成分可知, Virginia Camille Schrier作先行词,空格处应填非限制性定语从句的引导词,先行词指人,且从句中缺少主语,所以应填who。故填who。[小题3]考查时态。句意:穿着白色实验服,这个24岁的姑娘在舞台上表演了"大象牙有"实验。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填谓语动词,结合上文所提到的时间为2020年,所以应用一般过去式,所以应填performed。故填performed。[小题4]考查非谓语动词。句意:在才艺展示环节她通过把过氧化氢和碘化钾结合在一起制造了 - -场爆炸。根据空格前介词by可知,空格处应填动名词形式且与主语She之间的关系为主动,所以应填combining。故填combining。[小题5]考查介词。句意:施里尔告诉CNN,"作为-名学医的学生,我正在提高人们关于药物安全和防止滥用方面的意识。" 分析句子结构可知,空格处应填介词表示"作为" ,所以应填as ,放句首时首字母大写。故填As。[小题6]考查名词。句意:施里尔告诉CNN,"作为一名学医的学生 , 我正在提高人们关于药物安全和防止滥用方面的意识。" 分析句子成分可知,空格处应填名词, drug safety为固定搭配表示药物安全",所以应填safety。故填safety。[小题7]考查副词。句意:与此同时,她的非传统的表演立刻成为全美国的头条新闻。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填副词修饰谓语动词made ,所以应填immediately。故填immediately。[小题8]考查形容词。句意:很多人认为施里尔打破了对美国小姐的固定印象。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填形容词来修饰名词impression ,所以应填fixed。故填fixed。[小题9]考查介词。句意:不像其他的美国年轻女性,施里尔展示出她自己迷人的,知识渊博的和自信的一面,而不只是美丽的面孔分解句子成分可知,空格处应填介词,结合句子意思可知,施里尔与其他女性不同,所以应填unlike ,放句首时,首字母大写。故填Unlike。[小题10]考查代词。句意:不像其他的美国年轻女性,施里尔展示出她自己迷人的,知识渊博的和自信的一-面,而不只是美丽的面孔。分析句子成分以及句子主语Schrier可知,空格处应填反身代词,所以应填herself。故填herself。6.答案：1. which2. extremely3. impressive4. to5. the6. be seen7. steps8. to explore9. our10. standing
解析： 本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了澳大利亚东南海岸以其美丽的海岸风景而闻名的大洋路,作者在大洋路及其沿线的国家公园的游览的体验。【小题1】考查非限定性定语从句的关系代词。句意:大洋路(Great Ocean Road),澳大利亚东南海岸一段长达243公里的公路,以其美丽的海岸风景而闻名,这是我在亲自参观之前所知道的一切。设空处考查非限制性定语从句,本句的先行词为前面的整个句子,先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which。故填which。【小题2】考查副词。句意:但令我惊讶的是,不仅是大海的景色非常吸引人,而且路对面的森林和山脉也非常令人印象深刻。设空处修饰形容词attractive,应用词,extreme的副词为extremely,意为"极度,非常",作状语。故填extremely。【小题3】考查形容词。句意:但令我惊讶的是,不仅是大海的景色非常吸引人,而且路对面的森林和山脉也非常令人印象深刻。设空处在系动词后,还有very修饰,应填形容词,impress的形容词为impressive,意为给人印象深刻的',作表语。故填impressive。【小题4】考查介词。句意:尽管天气不好,雨林里还是很凉爽,多亏了从各种瀑布上飘来的细雾。此处考查短语thanks to,意为"由于,幸亏"。故填to。【小题5】考查定冠词。句意:我们参观了这个地区最受欢迎的瀑布厄斯金瀑布。设空处在most popular waterfall之前,形容词最高级前应用定冠词the。故填the。【小题6】考查被动语态。句意:从两个瞭望台可以看到瀑布的景色。设空处为谓语动词,所给动词see与主语view之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,情态动词后则用be seen。故填be seen。【小题7】考查名词复数。句意:虽然较低的瞭望台要从较高的瞭望台往下走几百级台阶,但看到倾泻而下的流水还是很有意义的。设空处为hundreds of所修饰,应用名词复数形式,step的复数为steps,意为"梯级,台阶",作表语。故填steps。【小题8】考查非谓语动词。句意:国家公园还为游客提供了许多独特的方式来探索热带雨林。短语ways to do sth,意为做。的方法",设空处应填动词不定式to explore,作ways的后置定语。故填to explore。【小题9】考查物主代词。句意:不用伸长脖子,我们就像站在树枝上的小鸟一样四处张望!设空处在名词necks之前,应用形容词性物主代词作定语,we的形容词物主代词为our。故填our。【小题10】考查非谓语动词。句意:不用伸长脖子,我们就像站在树枝上的小鸟一样四处张望设空处为非谓语动词,stand与逻辑主语birds之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词standing,作后置定语。故填standing。