人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land同步达标检测题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land同步达标检测题，共7页。

Organic farming is a type f agriculture that benefits frm the recycling and use f natural prducts. Use f dried plants nt nly saves mney, but als ensures the grwth f crps. The technique is characterised by the use f green manure (肥料), bilgical pest cntrl methds and special farming techniques t keep sil prductive. Limiting the use f man­made chemicals r cmpletely ding away with them reduces the risk f diseases. Tday, rganic farming is a majr and preferred industry arund the wrld. Organically grwn prducts have a huge market, with farmlands cvering abut 10% f the ttal wrld farmland. The__initial__effrt__made__by__Sir__Albert__Hward,__the__Father__f__Organic__Farming,__has__paid__ff.__
Advantages f Organic Farming：
•The ecnmics f rganic farming are characterised by increasing prfits (利润) thrugh reduced water use and reduced sil ersin (侵蚀).
•Organic farming prduces the same crps as thse prduced thrugh traditinal farming methds, but uses half the energy, and hlds 40% mre tp sil.
•Organic farming enables farmers t get rid f weeds withut the use f any chemicals.
•The use f green pesticides is envirnmentally friendly and des n harm t human's health.
Disadvantages f Organic Farming：
•Organic methds f farming prduce less, cmpared t traditinal farming techniques.
•Organic agriculture des little t fight glbal climate change. Thugh rganic farming practices are recgnised as giving ut less CO2, but nt t a significant degree.
Thugh there are sme disadvantages t rganic farming, farms where rganic methds fr farming have been used have mre advantages than traditinal farming. Organic agriculture is surely better in the lng term.
1．Where is the manure that rganic farming uses made frm?
A．Expensive sil. B．Dried plants.
C．Harmful pests. D．Man­made chemicals.
2．What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 shw?
A．Sir Albert Hward wrked hard fr nthing.
B．Sir Albert Hward succeeded in rganic farming.
C．Sir Albert Hward spent all his time n rganic farming.
D．Sir Albert Hward didn't expect rganic farming t be successful.
3．Cmpared t traditinal farming, rganic farming ________．
a. is mre envirnmentally friendly
b. prduces a lt mre fd
c. uses less energy
d. results in mre weeds in the farmland
e. is better fr human's health
A．abc B．acd
C．ace D．bce
4．What's the authr's attitude twards rganic farming?
A．Anxius. B．Hpeless.
C．Unclear. D．Optimistic.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many diseases are caused by things ut f ur cntrl. Dctrs urge us t eat healthy fds, get exercise, stp smking and limit ur alchl intake. __1__ And it is free and easy — smiling!
When we smile, the brain wiring gets altered. The chemicals that are released are mre psitive. Smiling is a first step in fighting stress and its harmful effects n human health.
The main cause f heart attacks and strkes is the blckages in bld vessels (血管). __2__ The mst cmmn reasn fr these blckages is a build­up f fatty depsits n the inner walls f the arteries (动脉). When we feel stressed r under pressure, ur bdy releases many natural hrmnes including adrenaline and crtisl. When we are stressed fr a lng perid, these stress hrmnes are ever­present in ur bdies. And that, medical researchers warn, may lead t health prblems.
__3__ Hwever, they claim that when peple are stressed fr lng perids f time, they may nt make the best decisins abut what t eat. They may vereat, smke r drink t much alchl. They may nt get enugh exercise r sleep. And all f these can lead t health prblems.
Dr. Chckalingam says a smile may be ne way t help. He tells his patients t smile 20 times an hur. T sme, that might seem like a lt f smiling. Or sme might even feel flish — smiling fr seemingly n reasn. __4__ It is nt invasive (开刀的) like a surgical peratin. It is free and it has n side effects.
Once we smile, we are relaxed. This relaxatin directly lwers bld pressure, imprves sugar levels in the bld. __5__ And it just may prvide a little extra prtectin fr everyne's heart health.
A．But a smile des nt invlve drugs.
B．But there is smething else we can d.
C．Experts say we can cntrl and even prevent them.
D．These blckages prevent bld frm flwing t the heart r the brain.
E．And they are the number ne cause f death arund the wrld.
F．If we are smiling, we are breaking that link between stress and health prblems.
G．Researchers say the link between stress and the heart disease is still unclear.
Ⅲ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a lng histry in China. Much f the wisdm __1__ by early Chinese scientists is still useful fr farmers and gardeners tday. One f China's early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie, wh lived in the sixth century AD.He spent his time ding __2__ int agriculture. He cllected infrmatin, did experiments and learnt frm the __3__ f farmers.
Arund 540 AD, he wrte a bk called QiminYashu. The bk is abut bth farming and __4__. It includes advice n the fllwing __5__： grwing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals. Jia Sixie's bk is a practical guide fr farming. Firstly, as a farmer yu shuld d things at the right time f the year. If yu sw seeds and __6__ yung plants in the fields at the crrect time f the year, yur wrk will be less and __7__ will be better. The __8__ f the sil is als very imprtant. Examine the sil n yur farm __9__.If the cnditin f yur sil is nt gd, yu shuld imprve it. Befre swing r planting crps, yu must clean rugh grund and __10__ weeds. The best harvest is reached when farmers __11__ the crps in their fields. Fr example, d nt plant rice __12__ in the same field. But if yu plant rice in a field ne year and wheat in the field the next year, yu will __13__ gd crps. Other scientists said that wheat shuld be planted with __14__ between the plants, but Jia did experiments and __15__ that planting wheat clse tgether was better.
1．A.discvered B．recvered
C．reprted D．repeated
2．A.search B．research
C．experiment D．statistics
3．A.adventures B．advantages
C．traditin D．experience
4．A.nursing B．gardening
C．prduce D．trade
5．A.prgrams B．tpics
C．subjects D．events
6．A.drp B．increase
C．grw D．thrw
7．A.dreams B．ending
C．hpes D．results
8．A.applicatin B．situatin
C．cnditin D．additin
9．A.successfully B．carefully
C．gradually D．frequently
10．A.remve B．disturb
C．kill D．reduce
11．A.keep B．imprve
C．manage D．change
12．A.ne after anther B．here and there
C．nw and then D．year after year
13．A.win B．cllect
C．harvest D．exprt
14．A.hles B．lines
C．space D．balance
15．A.shwed B．meant
C．intended D．decided
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tuan was a farmer in Vietnam. Fr decades, he 1.________ (struggle) t rid his family 2.________ hunger. Hwever, 3.________ always cnfused him 4.________ t expand the utput f his crps. This 5.________ (disturb) prblem led t his regretting being a farmer. He wuld rather have chsen anther jb.
One day, when 6.________ (skim) thrugh a newspaper, Tuan read a cmment n Yuan Lngping. He underlined Yuan's natinality and ccupatin, and then fcused n his discvery and the statistics f his research. He fund the knwledge Yuan circulated very 7.________ (practice). Therefre, he made a summary and began t build up a new farming methd. He planted super grain f rich nutritin and equipped 8.________ (him) t keep his crps rts free frm bacteria and pests. He als enriched minerals in the sil while reducing chemical fertilizers. Thugh it cst him mre time and freedm, he was full f hpe.
The next year, Tuan was sunburnt but 9.________ (satisfy) with his prductin very much. 10.________ (thank) t Yuan Lngping, he nt nly wn the battle against hunger, but he culd als exprt his crps abrad.
Ⅴ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你在农村的舅舅向你寻求“乡村振兴(rural revitalizatin)”的建议，你发邮件给他提出一些建议，内容包括：
1．利用青山绿水发展农村生态旅游(ec­travel)；
2．开发游客到农场种植和采摘水果的活动。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear uncle，
I'm glad t have the chance t give yu sme advice abut rural revitalizatin.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely，
Li Hua
课时作业(四) Cmprehensive Test fr Unit 5
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有机农业的优势、前景和弊端。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Use f dried plants nt nly saves mney, but als ensures the grwth f crps.”可知，有机肥料是以干燥的植物为原料的。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：B 句意推测题。结合上下句内容可推知，画线句子表达“有机耕作之父阿伯特·郝德爵士的努力得到了回报”之意。B项意为“阿伯特·郝德爵士在有机耕作方面取得了成功”，二者意思一致。
3．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Advantages f Organic Farming的说明可知，有机耕作的优点在于环保、节省能源，而且对人体健康有益处。
4．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的介绍，尤其是“Organic agriculture is surely better in the lng term.”可推测，作者认为有机耕作的优点大于缺点，前景会更好。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。许多疾病是由我们身体里的某些东西失去控制而引起的，我们可以通过微笑来避免这些疾病的产生；当我们微笑时，大脑会释放有益的化学物质；微笑是对抗压力给人们的健康带来的有害影响的第一步。
1．答案与解析：B 空前表述许多疾病都是由身体里的某些东西失去控制而引起的，医生敦促我们吃健康的食物、锻炼、戒烟以及限制酒精摄入量，并结合空后一句可知，B项“但是我们可以做其他事情”符合语境，衔接上下文，故选B项。
2．答案与解析：D 空前表述血管中的堵塞物是心脏病和中风的主要原因，空处应是说明堵塞物的害处，故D项“这些堵塞物阻止血液流向心脏或大脑”符合语境，空前的the blckages与D项中的These blckages相呼应，故选D项。
3．答案与解析：G 根据空后一句“Hwever, they claim... what t eat. ”可知，G项“研究人员说压力和心脏病之间的联系尚不清楚”符合语境，故选G项。
4．答案与解析：A 空前讲到一个医生告诉他的病人一个小时笑20次，有人可能觉得那好像太多，也有人可能甚至觉得荒唐；空后讲到微笑不像外科手术一样需要开刀，它是免费的，而且没有副作用。由此可知，此空应填一个表示转折的句子，故选A项。
5．答案与解析：F 根据语境可知，F项与前后句内容相衔接，应是讲微笑的好处，故选F项。
Ⅲ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我国古代科学家贾思勰对我国古代农业的研究和贡献，他的著作《齐民要术》对农业生产起到了重要的指导作用。
1．答案与解析：A 句意：很多古代中国科学家发现的智慧结晶对于现在的农民和园艺工人仍然有用。此处只有discver能与wisdm搭配。
2．答案与解析：B d research int agriculture意为“做农业研究”。后文提到的“He cllected infrmatin, did experiments and learnt frm the __3__ f farmers. ”都是研究的内容。
3．答案与解析：D learn frm the experience f farmers意为“学习农民们的耕作经验”。
4．答案与解析：B 由本文的标题和第二段第三、四句推断可知，选gardening。
5．答案与解析：C 本句的下文介绍了一些具体的课题，如种菜、种果树、养动物等。prgram项目，节目；tpic话题；subject科目，课题；event事件。故选C。
6．答案与解析：C grw yung plants意为“种植幼苗”，其他选项没有“种植”之意。
7．答案与解析：D 本题用result与前文的wrk相对，表示“工作投入少，而结果更好”，下文也有类似的句子。
8．答案与解析：C the cnditin f the sil意为“土壤的状况、条件”。而situatin表示“形势”，与sil不搭配，其他选项与句意不符。下文the cnditin f yur sil也有提示。
9．答案与解析：B 前句指出土壤状况重要，本句说明要仔细地检查土壤，故选carefully。
10．答案与解析：A 根据常识可知，种庄稼之前需要平整土地和除草。remve weeds意为“清除杂草”。
11．答案与解析：D 从下句中d nt plant rice __12__ in the same field可知庄稼要轮换着种，因此选change。
12．答案与解析：D year after year“年复一年”。此处指不要在同一块地里年复一年地种同一种庄稼。
13．答案与解析：C 每年换种不同的庄稼就会有好收成。harvest gd crps意为“收成好”。
14．答案与解析：C 句意：其他科学家认为种植小麦时，株与株之间要留有空间。因此选space。
15．答案与解析：A 由but Jia did experiments可知，后半句是实验结果“证明，表明”。故选A。
Ⅳ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位农民受到袁隆平的激励而努力改进种植方式，提高农作物产量的故事。
1．答案与解析：had been struggling 考查动词的时态。根据Fr decades和was可知，应用过去完成进行时，故填had been struggling。
2．答案与解析：f 考查介词。rid sb. f...意为“摆脱，除去”，为固定搭配，故填f。
3．答案与解析：it 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处应作形式主语，故填it。
4．答案与解析：hw 考查副词。4.________t expand the utput f his crps是真正的主语，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何、怎样”，故填hw。
5．答案与解析：disturbing 考查词形转换。应用形容词来修饰后面的名词prblem，意为“令人烦恼的”，故填disturbing。
6．答案与解析：skimming 考查非谓语动词。此处为状语从句的省略，补全句子为“when (he was) skimming...”，故填skimming。
7．答案与解析：practical 考查词形转换。形容词作宾语knwledge的补足语，故填practical。
8．答案与解析：himself 考查代词。和主语He为同一人，此处用反身代词加强语气，故填himself。
9．答案与解析：satisfied 考查词形转换。be satisfied with意为“对……满意”，故填satisfied。
10．答案与解析：Thanks 考查固定搭配。Thanks t意为“由于，多亏”，故填Thanks。
Ⅴ.
参考范文：
Dearuncle，
I'mgladthavethechancetgiveyusmeadviceabutruralrevitalizatin. I hpe the tips belw will be f sme help t yu.
Nwadays the fresh air and the beautiful scenery in the cuntryside are appealing t mre citizens. Villagers shuld make the mst f their green muntains and clean water t develp ec­travel. Besides, I suggest villagers set up self­service fruit farms t get turists invlved in grwing and picking fruits, like grapes, strawberries and s n. The farms can prvide peple with gd chances t experience physical labur and enjy the harvest, which will help turists get away frm lud nise and a busy city life.
I hld the firm belief that mre and mre turists will cme t the cuntryside and enjy the fruit farms, and that the villages are sure t enjy a bright future.
Yurssincerely,
LiHua