Unit 5 Working the Land Discovering Useful Structures 主语从句课件

Unit 5 WORKING THE LAND Period 2Discovering Useful Structures Noun clauses as the subject主语从句Step 1. Lead-in5. To find your way can be a problem. 4. Smoking is bad for you.1. Jane works hard.6. That we shall be late is certain.2. You are a student. 主语：句子说明的人或事物,一般位于_____。句首3. The old should be respected.（名词 ）（代词）(名词化的形容词)（不定式）（句子）1.观察下列句子并指出句子中的主语（动名词）7. What she said is not yet known.一、主语从句的定义 在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句是主语从句。它是名词性从句之一，使用陈述句语序。 引导的连接词有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。 观察下列例句，指出其中所包含的主语从句及引导词:1. What is needed for a long trip is careful preparation. 该句中主语从句是 _________________ _________，引导词为 _____。What is needed for a whatlong trip2. That Jay Zhou will come to my city excites everybody. 该句中主语从句是 _________________ ______________，引导词为_____。3. Whether we will travel abroad or not has not been decided. 该句中主语从句是 _________________ __________________，引导词为______。That Jay Zhou willWhether we willcome to my city thattravel abroad or notwhether4. Whoever knows the secret mustn’t tell others. 该句中主语从句__________________ ______，引导词为________。5. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 该句中主语从句是_________________ ______________，引导词为_____。Whoever knows the whoeversecret Why they suddenly disappearedwhy6. What many scientists believe is that the contiued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.该句中主语从句是___________________________，引导词为________; that 引导__________ 从句. What many scientists believewhat表语二、主语从句的连接词及句法功能 引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分。例：That price will go up is certain. Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.that无意义，不能省略whether 意为“是否” ，可置于句首句末，if 不可置于句首_____ the boy plays smart phone made the teacher angry.这个男孩玩手机让老师很生气。ThatTom国庆节回家，这让他父母感到很开心。 That Tom will go home on National Day makes his parents happy. 他是不是我的孩子仍然是个问题。_______ he is my child remains a question.Whether【巩固练习】 用whether或if填空。(1) It doesn’t matter _________ he will come or not.(2) ________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.(3) It was doubtful ___________ Tom really saw Sharon.(4) ________ Tom really saw Sharon was doubtful.whether / ifWhetherwhether / ifWhether 在句中不仅起连接词的作用，并充当句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语。2. 连接代词: who、whoever、whom、whose、what、whatever、which、whichever例：What we don't have always attracts us. Who will be the president is still unknown.在主语从句中作主语在主语从句中作宾语例：Whenever you come is welcomed. 随时欢迎你来 Whoever sees the girl is attracted by her. 任何见到这个女孩的人都被她吸引。whenever在主语从句中作状语_____ I like most is your hairstyle.我最喜欢的是你的发型。What1、谁将赢得比赛还不知道。Who will win the match is not sure. 2、我需要的就是休息。What I need is rest.3、_______ you lack is self-confidence. What4、 _______ more and more students go to universities is true.That 引导名词性从句时不仅起连接词的作用，也在句中作状语。When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon.Why he came here is not known.3.连接副词：when、where、how、whywhen作时间状语why作原因状语 _______ the train will arrive has been announced. When _______ will the trees be planted has not been decided.Where【巩固练习】 用what或that填空。(1) _____ he told us this morning was just a lie.(2) _____ is important to us is enough time.(3) It worries my mom _____ she is beginning to get a little fat.(4) _____ we’ll do is leave a note for Mum to tell her we won’t be back till late.WhatWhatthatWhat【用适当的连接词填空。】 (1) _____ will be sent to carry out the task hasn’t been settled.(2) It doesn’t matter __________ it turns out to be a good idea or a bad idea.(3) _____ John will arrive is unknown. (4) It’s possible ______ he hasn’t received the letter.Whowhether / if   When that三、it 作形式主语的主语从句语法精讲 为了避免主语冗长，句子头重脚轻。经常用 it 作形式主语。例：That the earth is round is known to all. =It is known to all that the earth is round.clear, obvious, likely, probable, true…形容词 It + be +形容词+主语从句 做......是......的例：It was surprising that she passed the difficult exam. It is not clear whether he told a lie.Attention： 此句型中的形容词是important, necessary等时，从句应该使用虚拟语气。例：It is important that we (should) learn English well.said, reported, believed, thought, announced…过去分词2. It + be+过去分词+主语从句 据......例： It is said that they are identical twins. It is reported that a big earthquake hit the area. Attention： 如果过去分词是suggested, ordered, required, advised, requested等表示建议、要求、命令等词时，从句应该使用虚拟语气。例：It is suggested that students (should) make their bed by themselves.a pity，an honor，a good idea，a fact, a/no surprise，no wonder......名词3. It +be +名词+主语从句 做......是......的例：It is a pity that he missed such an interesting film, It is good news that he has recovered.seem, happen, appear, look, occur, turn out …不及物动词4. It+不及物动词+主语从句例：It happened that they were out that day. 碰巧那天他们不在家。 It seems that it is going to rain. 看起来要下雨了。worry, shock …及物动词5. It+及物动词+宾语+主语从句例：It shocks me that he failed in this exam. 他没通过考试，震惊到我了。1. ____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.解析： 本题考查“It+be+名词+that的主语从句”，其中it位于句首作形式主语。语法填空考点追击It2. It is uncertain _______ he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not.解析： 在主语从句中不缺成分，缺少“是否” 的概念，用whether。whether3. _______ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.解析：主语从句中，不缺成分，用that引导。考点追击That4. _______ is known to us all that America is a developed country.解析： that America is a developed country是真正的主语从句，句首用it充当形式主语。It四、主语从句的主谓一致语法精讲1. Whether the patient will be taken __ unknown.2. When and where the patient will be taken _____ unknown.主句的谓语动词，大多数使用_______ (单数？复数？)由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓动使用____ (单数？复数？)单数单数isis3. When the task can be finished and whether he can have a rest ________ unknown.4. What he wants most ____ staying with his family. What they need _______ masks(口罩).主语为and连接的两个主从时，谓动使用______ (单数？复数？)what在主从中做宾语时，谓动由______决定单复数 (主语？表语？)复数表语areis are1、What you said ___ of great importance. is2、 _______ can join in the sport meet is decided by the teacher.Who3、 _______ it will rain or not is not clear.Whether4、What you left ___ several books.are【常见错误展示】下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析原因。Thatthat虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.if, whether都可表示“是否”, 但if不能引导句首主语从句。2. If she’s coming or not doesn’t matter much.Whether 3、That the professor said is of great importance.Whatthat引导主语从句时无词义。What the professor said表示“教授所说的”。4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。5. No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.Whoever 主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。6、When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.remains主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。