湖北高考英语写作分类训练：应用文

应用文

1．网络时代，热词潮涌。传统事物在创造性转化、创新性发展的同时，也值得我们仔细审视。譬如，近期人们习惯地把“Thank you”说成“栓q”，这一现象在Tik Tok平台上产生了诸多质疑。作为复兴中学高三的学生，你有怎样的思考与理解?请你发送一条帖子，畅谈你的认知与看法。(要求：字数不少于80词)

A post on my perception

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2．长江江豚(Yangtze finless porpoise)是中国特有的物种，有极高的研究价值。近年来，受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，其数量仅剩1,000-1,800只。假设你是李华，请用英文给世界自然基金会(WWF)写一封信，请他们关注这一情况。内容如下：

1.简述江豚现状；2.列举保护措施；3.表示感谢并期待回复。

注意：

1.词数不少于100;

2.书信格式及开头均已给出(不计入总词数)。

Dear Sir or Madam，

I’m a student from China. I am writing to

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Yours Sincerely，

Li Hua

3．假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Chris想了解你的业余爱好。请你给他写封电子邮件，内容包括：

1. 你最喜欢的业余爱好;

2. 喜欢的原因及其影响;

3. 询问对方的业余爱好。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Chris,

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Yours,

Li Hua

4．假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了50公里的徒步活动。请你给笔友Peter介绍此次活动，内容包括：

1.参加人员；

2.徒步路线；

3.活动反响。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter,

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Yours,

Li Hua

5．假定你是荆州外国语学校学生李华，你和你校外籍教师Tom约好本周末去方特乐园赏烟花、过火把节，但你因故不能赴约，请按下列要求给Tom写一封电子邮件:

1.表示歉意;  2.解释原因;  3.另约时间。

注意:

1.写作词数应为80词左右。

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3.参考词汇:荆州方特乐园一Jingzhou Fantawild   火把节-the Torch Festival

Dear Tom,

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Yours;

LiHua

6．假定你是李华，请你以“Why Should We Learn English?”为主题，用英语写一篇演讲稿。要点提示：

1.英语被广泛使用；

2.学习英语可以为我们带来很多好处，如可以帮助我们考取理想大学，了解外国文化，丰富生活，交更多的朋友……

注意：

1.可适当增加细节，使行文流畅；

2.词数80字左右，开头与结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：理想的ideal

Why Should We Learn English?

Dear fellow friends,

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That’s all. Thank you.

7．假定你是李华，你因故不能按时上交关于中西文化差异的作文，请你向外教James写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1. 请求延时；

2. 说明原因；

3. 希望批准。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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8．后疫情时代下，我们每一个人都是自己健康的第一责任人。作为学生会主席，请你用英语写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们守护自己的健康。内容包括：

1.守护健康的重要性；

2.如何守护健康。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear fellow students,

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Students’ Union

9．假设你是李华。近年来出国留学低龄化趋势越来越明显，某英语报就此事的利弊向广大学生征稿。请你根据以下要点向该报社投稿，就此事谈谈你的看法。

1. 出国留学低龄化现象引起关注；

2. 你的观点。

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Editor,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

10．网课期间学习了Science and Scientists单元后，同学们被国内外伟大科学家们的品质精神所深深打动。联想到我们的老师, 李华同学在一个学习论坛上发了个帖子：Hey, everybody, in your opinion, what makes a good teacher? Li Hua请你回复这个帖子，分享自己的观点。内容包括：

1. 至少2种你认为最重要的品质；

2. 支持观点的论述。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 不要罗列，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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1．A post on my perception

In the internet era, many traditional things are transformed creatively, and so is language. However, some hot words, for example, the recent practice of saying “thank you” as “shuan q”, have raised heated argument. The Chinese character “shuan(栓)” in Chinese means “block”, with which we can't express gratitude sincerely. It is not serious. Language is the symbol of a culture. In my opinion, we should take it carefully. It is everyone’s duty to promote our language. When communicating with others, we should show our respect to the people and the language culture. We are what we say. Mind your words.

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一条帖子，畅谈自己对网络热词的认知与看法。网络时代，热词潮涌。传统事物在创造性转化、创新性发展的同时，也值得我们仔细审视。譬如，近期人们习惯地把“Thank you”说成“栓q”，这一现象在Tik Tok平台上产生了诸多质疑。

【详解】词汇积累

改变：transform→change/alter

引起，引发：raise→cause/arouse/set off

在我看来：in my opinion→as far as I am concerned/ from my point of view

职责：duty→responsibility

句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：Language is the symbol of a culture.

拓展句：As is known to all, language is the symbol of a culture

【点睛】[高分句型1] The Chinese character “shuan(栓)” in Chinese means “block”, with which we can't express gratitude sincerely. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)

[高分句型2] When communicating with others, we should show our respect to the people and the language culture. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略)

[高分句型3] It is everyone’s duty to promote our language.(运用了形式主语it和动词不定式作主语)

2．参考范文

Dear Sir or Madam,

I’m a student from China. I am writing to ask you to pay attention to the situation of the finless porpoise in the Yangtze River.

As we all know, this endangered species is native to China, which is of great value to biodiversity. Nevertheless, in recent years, the number of them has dropped sharply to only 1,000 to 1,800. We sincerely hope that more measures can be taken to protect them from dying out. The top priority is to establish more organizations specialized in protecting them. Additionally, it would be better if professional experts could offer us some practical advice. Moreover, more sponsorship is needed to offer a livable habitat. Challenging as the task is, we are bound to succeed eventually.

I would appreciate it if you could keep an eye on this issue. Looking forward to your reply!

Yours Sincerely，

Li Hua

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“长江江豚因人类活动影响而濒临灭绝”给世界自然基金会写一封信，请他们关注这一情况。

【详解】1.词汇积累

众所周知：As we all know→ It is known to all that/ It is widely acknowledged that

下降：drop → decrease/decline

此外：additionally→ furthermore

切实可行的：practical→ constructive

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：We sincerely hope that more measures can be taken to protect them from dying out.

拓展句：It is our sincere hope that more measures can be taken to protect them from dying out.

【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all know, this endangered species is native to China, which is of great value to biodiversity.（运用了as和which引导的两个非限制性定语从句）

【高分句型2】Challenging as the task is, we are bound to succeed eventually.（运用了倒装句型）

3．参考范文：

Dear Chris,

I’d like to share my favorite hobby with you.

When it comes to the subject, it must be running. When I was in junior high school, I often got sick due to lack of exercise. So I picked up running. Although it was painful at the beginning, the encouragement from my parents kept me running. Since then, running has played an important role in my life, without which I wouldn’t have built a strong body.

As the saying goes, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. What about your hobbies? I’m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你的外国朋友Chris想了解你的业余爱好这一情况，给他写封电子邮件。

【详解】1.词汇积累

由于：due to→ because of

痛苦的：painful →miserable

重要的：important→ vital

发展，建立：built→ developed

2.句式拓展

一般句变倒装句

原句：Although it was painful at the beginning, the encouragement from my parents kept me running.

拓展句：Painful as it was at the beginning, the encouragement from my parents kept me running.

【点睛】【高分句型1】Since then, running has played an important role in my life, without which I wouldn’t have built a strong body.（运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句。）

【高分句型2】When I was in junior high school, I often got sick due to lack of exercise.（运用了连词when引导的时间状语从句。）

4．Dear Peter,

      Last Sunday our school held a 50-kilometer hiking. I would like to share with you my experience.

     All teachers and students were called on to take part in the activity and everybody arrived at the school gate on time. After a brief introduction made by the schoolmaster, we were on our way. Our hiking route was a circle. It begins from our school gate, runs through the second ring road of our city and ends before our school gate. What made us proud of ourselves is that we walked to the destination all on foot. Many passers-by highly praised us and cheered us to go on.  

We were exhausted when we arrived at our school gate but everybody said it was meaningful.

                                                                                                                                                                Yours,

                                                                                                                                                               Li Hua

【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生以学生的身份，给自己的笔友介绍上周日学校举办的50公里的徒步活动。

【详解】1.词汇积累

参加：take part in→ participate in

简短的：short → brief

环形路：ring road→ circular road

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：Last Sunday our school held a 50-kilometer hiking. I would like to share with you my experience.

拓展句：Last Sunday our school held a 50-kilometer hiking which I would like to share with you.

主动句变被动句

原句：Many passers-by highly praised us and cheered us to go on.

拓展句：We were highly praised and cheered to go on by passers-by.

【点睛】【高分句型1】We were exhausted when we arrived at our school gate but everybody said it was meaningful.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）

【高分句型2】What made us proud of ourselves is that we walked to the destination all on foot.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）

5．Dear Tom,

I’m terribly sorry that I can’t accompany you to Jingzhou Fantawild to admire the fireworks and experience the Torch Festival this weekend. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.

Recently I have had a high fever and have to stay at home for a few days in case it becomes worse. Were it not for the illness, I would definitely spend much fun time with you. Please accept my sincere apology. I would appreciate it if you could allow me to fix another time to show you around Fantawild.

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生给外籍教师Tom写一封电子邮件解释，你因故不能在本周末去方特乐园赏烟花、过火把节。

【详解】1. 词汇积累

非常地：terribly→extremely

欣赏：admire→appreciate

造成：cause→lead to

真诚的：sincere→honest

2. 句式拓展

同义句替换

原句：Recently I have had a high fever and have to stay at home for a few days in case it becomes worse.

拓展句：Recently I have had a high fever, which makes me have to stay at home for a few days in case it becomes worse.

【点睛】[高分句型1]Were it not for the illness, I would definitely spend much fun time with you. Please accept my sincere apology.(省略if的虚拟语气)

[高分句型2]I would appreciate it if you could allow me to fix another time to show you around Fantawild.(if引导的条件状语从句)

6．Why Should We Learn English?

Dear fellow friends,

It is known to all that English is the most widely used language in the world. There are many advantages for us to learn English.

Firstly, it will not only help us enter an ideal university, but also make us become more competitive. A good command of English will help us find a good job more easily. Secondly, with the help of English we can get a better understanding of foreign cultures. Thirdly, we can relax ourselves and give color to life by listening to English songs and watching English movies. Meanwhile, we can make friends from all over the world.

In brief, learning English is necessary and we should learn it.

That’s all. Thank you.

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Why Should We Learn English? ”为主题，用英语写一篇演讲稿。

【详解】1.词汇积累

广泛地：widely→broadly

精通：a good command of→a good knowledge of

在……的帮助下：with the help of→with the assistance of

同时：meanwhile→at the same time

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：In brief, learning English is necessary and we should learn it.

拓展句：In brief, learning English is so necessary that we should learn it.

【点睛】【高分句型1】It is known to all that English is the most widely used language in the world.（运用了that引导的主语从句）

【高分句型2】Firstly, it will not only help us enter an ideal university, but also make us become more competitive.（运用not only…but also连接的并列句）

7．Dear James,

I’m Li Hua. I’m terribly sorry that I will fail to finish my essay on cultural differences which is due on February 5th. I’m writing this to request you to extend the deadline.

Something unexpected occurred to my family. My mother suddenly fell ill yesterday and I must leave for home today. I’m afraid it will take me a week before I get back to school. I have written an outline and a draft for the essay and I assure you that I will hand it in on my return.

Kindly grant me a one-week extension. I would appreciate it if you could approve my request. With best regards.

Yours truly,

Li Hua

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教James写一封电子邮件，告诉他自己因故不能按时上交关于中西文化差异的作文，请求延时并说明原因同时希望批准。

【详解】1.词汇积累

非常：terribly→extremely

发生：occur to→happen to

完成：finish→complete

请求：request→beg

2.句式拓展

同义句转换

原句：I have written an outline and a draft for the essay and I assure you that I will hand it in on my return.

拓展句：As I have written an outline and a draft for the essay, I assure you that I will hand it in on my return.

【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m terribly sorry that I will fail to finish my essay on cultural differences which is due on February 5th.(运用了which引导的定语从句)

【高分句型2】I would appreciate it if you could approve my request. (运用了it作形式宾语)

8．Sample writing:

Dear fellow students,

Faced with the still raging pandemic, we are primarily responsible for our own personal health. Thus, I’m appealing to all of you to take measures to safeguard our health.

Nothing is more important than our health, without which, nothing can be achieved and everything tends to be meaningless. It is highly advocated that we keep a balanced diet to take in as much nutritious and diverse food as possible first. Then we should work out on a regular basis to build up a strong barrier against the virus and potential risks. Most importantly, wearing facial masks properly and adopting a positive attitude are always helpful.

Hopefully we can all develop some good habits to help protect against the virus and diseases. Wish you a healthy life!

Students’ Union

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一封倡议书，介绍守护健康的重要性和如何守护健康，并呼吁同学们守护自己的健康。

【详解】1.词汇积累

因此：thus→therefore

无意义的：meaningless→senseless

多种多样的：diverse→various

有帮助的：helpful→useful

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：Most importantly, wearing facial masks properly and adopting a positive attitude are always helpful.

拓展句：Most importantly, we should wear facial masks properly and adopt a positive attitude, which will be helpful.

【点睛】【高分句型1】Nothing is more important than our health, without which, nothing can be achieved and everything tends to be meaningless.（运用了“介词without+关系代词which”引导的非限制性定语从句）

【高分句型2】It is highly advocated that we keep a balanced diet to take in as much nutritious and diverse food as possible first.（运用了that引导的主语从句，it作形式主语）

9．Dear Editor,

I’m writing to tell you my opinion on students going abroad for studies when they are very young, which is a growing trend in recent years.

I hold the opinion that going to study abroad is a good thing, which helps students broaden their horizons, but I don’t think it’s necessary for them to do that too early. For one thing, going to study abroad at an early age may cost most families an arm and a leg. For another, some students may not be mature enough to handle the tremendous pressure of living in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills, thus resulting in physical and mental health problems.

As far as I am concerned, studying abroad has its potential benefits but families should think twice if the kids are too young.

Yours,

Li Hua

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英语报投稿，就近年来出国留学低龄化趋势的利弊谈谈你的看法。内容包括：出国留学低龄化现象引起关注；你的观点。

【详解】1.词汇积累

观点：opinion→view

巨大的：tremendous→huge

压力：pressure→stress

好处：benefits→advantages

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：For one thing, going to study abroad at an early age may cost most families an arm and a leg.

拓展句：For one thing, going to study abroad at an early age may cost most families an arm and a leg, which is a big burden for some families.

【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to tell you my opinion on students going abroad for studies when they are very young, which is a growing trend in recent years. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)

[高分句型2] I hold the opinion that going to study abroad is a good thing, which helps students broaden their horizons, but I don’t think it’s necessary for them to do that too early. (运用了that引导的同位语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)

10．范文

Dear Li Hua,

I’m more than delighted to express my opinion about what makes a good teacher.

Take my English teacher as an example, who is a responsible and selfless person. We show great respect to him, without whom some might have fallen behind a lot. As far as I’m concerned, he not only devoted himself to the research on teaching, but also cared little about contribution. Inspired by him, I’m reading the latest articles on AI in my spare time and even submitted my own articles. Unexpectedly, my submission was published in a magazine last month, which encouraged me to spare no effort to work hard, preparing for my future career as a robot designer. Additionally, I will lead a simple but meaningful life.

Looking forward to your reply.

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。网课期间学习了Science and Scientists单元后，同学们被国内外伟大科学家们的品质精神所深深打动。联想到我们的老师，李华同学在一个学习论坛上发了个帖子：Hey, everybody, in your opinion, what makes a good teacher? Li Hua请你回复这个帖子，分享自己的观点。

【详解】1.词汇积累

高兴：delighted→glad

此外：additionally → what’s more /besides/furthermore

献身于：devote oneself to → be devoted to

就我所知：as far as I am concerned → from my point of view/ as far as I know

2.句式拓展

同义句转换

原句：Take my English teacher as an example, who is a responsible and selfless person. We show great respect to him, without whom some might have fallen behind a lot.

拓展句：Take my English teacher as an example, who is a responsible and selfless person so that we show great respect to him, without whom some might have fallen behind a lot.

【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m more than delighted to receive your letter saying you’ve read some biographies of scientists. （运用了现在分词作后置定语）

【高分句型2】Unexpectedly, my submission was published in a magazine last month, which encouraged me to spare no effort to work hard, preparing for my future career as a robot designer.（运用了which引导的非限制性定于从句和现在分词作状语）