专题06 词汇无忧 词性转换在手——2023年中考英语思维导图+必备知识点梳理+精练学案（牛津上海版）（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份专题06 词汇无忧 词性转换在手——2023年中考英语思维导图+必备知识点梳理+精练学案（牛津上海版）（原卷版+解析版），文件包含专题06词汇无忧词性转换在手解析版2023年中考英语思维导图+必备知识点梳理+精练学案牛津上海版docx、专题06词汇无忧词性转换在手原卷版2023年中考英语思维导图+必备知识点梳理+精练学案牛津上海版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共19页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题06 词汇无忧 词性转换在手一、出题方向出题量最大，也是最难把握的方向——同词根不同词类之间的相互转换   常考的相互转换词类有四种：名词、动词、形容词、副词   名词  动词、形容词         动词、形容词  名词          动词  形容词               形容词  动词   形容词  副词               副词  形容词做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累，建立词根词缀的概念，多掌握常用的词缀，灵活变通。最基本题型，必考方向——名词、代词、数词   名词考察方向：1. 复数      代词考察方向：1. 宾格 2. 形容词性、名词性物主代词转换 3. 反身代词可能出现   数词考察方向：1. 基数词、序数词的拼写与互换     2. 分数可能出现简单题型，多练即可把握——比较级最高级   需要掌握：1. 比较级和最高级的变化方式   2. 比较级和最高级的辨识关键词较难题型，多次转换，反义理解   有时候词类之间需要越级变换，要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系，确保答案的正确性。   较难题目不仅会越级变换，还需要添加反义，这需要更耐心细致地解题，分析题意。 二、解题技巧形容词修饰名词、代词性成分；部分名词也可以修饰名词。动词、形容词、副词需要副词修饰，副词也可以修饰整句话。系动词后一般使用形容词，连系动词后尤其需要注意添加形容词，这点易和实义动词用副词修饰混淆。扎实掌握名词、代词、数词的基本知识。注意做完需要通读一下，检查反义及动词的时态语态问题。 三、词性转换分类汇总1．动词转换为名词的常见方式  1)“动词+ion”     例如：pollute→ pollution, invent→ invention, discuss→ discussion, decide→ decision     注意：review→ revision  solve→ solution  2)“动词去e+ ation”     例如：invite→ invitation，organize→ organization3)“动词+er”     例如: work→ worker, teach→ teacher, write→ writer     speak→ speaker, run→ runner, win→ winner  4)“动词+ or"     例如：invent→ inventor, act→ actor, visit→ visitor, calculate→ calculator  5)“动词+ing"     例如：build→ building, begin→ beginning, paint→ painting, mean→ meaning  6)“动词十ment"     例如：develop→ development, amuse→ amusement  7)“动词十ress"     例如：wait→ waitress, act→ actress8)“动词十ance"     例如：appear→ appearance, perform →performance9)其他serve—service 服务       speak—speech 演讲       fish—fisherman 渔夫 enter—entrance 入口      know—knowledge 知识    weigh—weight 重量 please—pleasure 愉快     choose—choice选择       tour—tourist 游客die—death 死亡          succeed—success 成功     fly—flight  航班 memorize—memory 记忆  mix—mixture 混合物      cook—cook/cooker 厨师/厨具    save—safety 安全        act—activity 活动          able—ability 能力 2．动词转换为形容词的常见方式  1) “动词+ive"     例如：act→ active, attract→ attractive  2) “动词+ able"     例如：change→ changeable, enjoy→ enjoyable  3) “动词+ing"     例如：excite→ exciting, follow→ following，freeze—freezing 寒冷的/ （frozen 冷冻的）   4) “动词+ ed"     例如：frighten→ frightened, bore→ bored  5)“动词+ ful"     例如：forget→ forgetful健忘的/ unforgettable/forgettable 难忘的/易忘的  6) 其他：     例如：depend→ independent，like→ likely，break→ broken，die→ dead，live→ alive          Please v.→ pleasure n.→ pleasant令人愉快的（指物）/ pleased 满意的（指人）          widen→ wide    enrich→ rich    enable→ able 3．名词转换为形容词的常见方式  1)“名词+ ful"     例如：care→ careful, use→ useful, power→ powerful  2)”名词+ less"     例如：care → careless, home→ homeless, help→ helpless  3)“名词+ly"例如：friend→ friendly, love→ lovely4)“名词+y"     例如：sun→ sunny, wind→ windy, health→ healthy, noise→ noisy, luck→ lucky, fun→ funny  5)“名词+ing"     例如：interest→ interesting  6)“名词+n"     例如：America→ American, Australia→ Australian  7)“名词+ ern"     例如：south→ southern, north→ northern  8)“名词+ ous"     例如：danger→ dangerous  9)“名词+ en"  例如：wood→ wooden, gold→ golden, wool→ woolen10)“名词+al"例如：nation→ national, education→ educational, medicine→ medical, nature→ natural     chemistry→chemical,history→historical,physics→physical,tradition→traditional11)其他例如：office→ official     fool→ foolish     foreigner→ foreign  wound→ wounded            electricity电→electric电的→electrical与电有关的→electronic 电子的4．形容词转换为名词的常见方式1)“形容词+y"例如：difficult→ difficulty, honest→ honesty2)“形容词词尾t改成ce"例如：different→ difference, important→ importance3)“形容词+ ness"例如：ill→ illness, kind→ kindness, sad→ sadness, happy→ happiness4)“形容词+ dom"例如：free→ freedom, wise→ wisdom5)其他 例如：high→ height  long→ length   true→ truth  responsible→ responsibility 5．形容词转换为副词的常见方式1)“形容词+ly“例如：quiet→ quiet     careful→ carefully    main→ mainly2)“形容词去y加ily“例如：easy→ easily     heavy→ heavily      lucky→ luckily3)“形容词le结尾的，去e变y“   例如：possible→ possibly   gentle→ gently    terrible→ terrible4)“形容词e结尾的，去e变ly“例如：true→ truly(只有true特殊)   nice→ nicely5)“形容词不变“例如：early早   late 晚   hard难的；努力地   fast 快  wide(宽的)/widely(广泛的)  6．名词转换为名词的常见方式例如：art→ artist        science→ scientist       piano→ pianistcity→ citizen      custom→ customer      engine→ engineer         friend→ friendship  business→ businessman  law→ lawyer library→ librarian   music→ musician       office→ officer(职员)/official(官员)     7．词性转换中前缀的使用例如：possible→ impossible (polite, patient)     tell→ retell (build, write, use)   healthy→ unhealthy(happy, lucky, usual)  honest→ dishonest (advantage)         regular→ irregular      rich→ enrich (able)    convenient→ inconvenient (experienced/correct/direct/expensive/complete) 8．国名——国籍例如：Australia—Australian    America—American   Canada—Canadian   Britain—British         England—English     Italy—ItalianFrance— French        Germany—German (德国人复数Germans)          China—Chinese        Japan—Japanese       Korea—Korean 1．If you don’t have a deep love for something, don’t be ________ (satisfy) until you find one.2．At the meeting, the ________ (speak) received a warm welcome for his touching story.3．John F. Clauser couldn’t believe himself after ________ (hear) that he got the Nobel Prize in Physics this year.4．Jason, the new student, is asked to give an ________ (introduce) of himself to the class.5．For environmental protection, electric cars have been ________(wide) used in China.6．Make sure the windows are closed and the door is ________ locked before you leave. (secure)7．Peter’s mother has promised to buy ________ a set of encyclopedias for students.(he)8．The tasty food of this restaurant makes this an ________ experience. (enjoy)9．The letter was sent to the wrong flat although the address was written ________ (correct).10．Even though he is ________, you aren’t supposed to be so rude. （polite）11．Every child wants to be the _________(proud) of their parents.12．It will be a good ________ (choose) to take the high-speed train to Yancheng from Suqian next year.13．Sitting in front of the screen for too long is_____．It's bad for your eyes．（healthy）14．You may add variety to the comic strips to keep the readers ________. (interest)15．All these interesting experiments can ________our knowledge.（wide）16．The festival is celebrated to welcome the ________ of spring. (arrive)17．A ____________ (strange) stopped him on his way to the factory.18．We do eye exercises ________ a day to protect our eyes. (two)19．Abing is a folk ________ (music) who was born in Wuxi in 1893.20．Three quarters of ________ say they save money for travel more than any other season. (America)21．The twins want to be great ________ (magic) when they grow up.22．Penicillin has had a wide range of________ (apply) in treating diseases caused by bacteria. However, its initial development faced two problems. First, scientists failed to find a procedure to make it ________ (purify) enough. Second, it was difficult to produce it in large quantities.23．Scientists didn't find anything _________(value) in this area last year.24．The flood which happened last week caused 100 people's _______ (die).25．This must be one of her ____________(pride) moments in her busy and hard-working life.26．We're always told to be ________ about everything in our life. (truth)27．—Can you tell me how to wash hands ________ (proper)?— Sure. When you wash your hands, use running water and soap for no less than 15 seconds.28．China is an ________(east) country, but America is not.29．It’s  ________ possible that robot teachers will be popular in schools some day. (true)30．The problem was not many people knew me or could even________ my name.(pronunciation)31．Businesses are less likely to _______ (success) without setting realistic goals.32．Experts agree that washing hands regularly is a way to prevent the ________ of many diseases. (spread)33．Nowadays roadside ________ are very popular all around the country.(busy)34．Please make a ________ (decide) to choose which one is the best.35．Life is only ____________ to everyone, please treasure it. (one)36．He asked me what the ________ (invent) name is.37．The best time to Yangzhou is spring,there are many tourist ________ (attract) here.38．Her little brother is interested in ________ (science)studies.39．I congratulate all of you on the ________ (achieve).40．I’m ________ (true) sorry to trouble you so much.41．Let me cheer him up, because I know ________ (exact) how he feels.42．The cute girl covered her face with her hands to hide her ________ (shy).43．The scene in front is too ________ for me to have a look at. (frighten)44．Customers can make a ________ to the manager by phone, by letter or face to face. (complain)45．Can you show me how to ________ this new smart phone? (operation)46．The police warn that cars must be _________ locked after they are parked. (safe)47．When we face difficulties, we have no ________ but to overcome them. (choose)48．In my view, we will work out the problems ________ by ourselves. (successful)49．My sister stayed ________ (wake) the whole night working on the news report about the breaking incident.50．I would like to visit Paris. It is one of the great tourist ________ in the world. (attract)