高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land同步测试题

UNIT 5 课下题型练(一)　Reading and Thinking

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

An average 30­year­old person who has eaten three meals a day since birth has eaten more than 30，000 meals to date.Even if you've only eaten half that much you have to admit this：you've let some of that breakfast, lunch or dinner go to waste.And it turns out we're all to blame for this shaming fact：30% of all food produced in the world each year is wasted or lost.That's about 1.3 billion tons, according to a new report by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization.

That's the weight of more than 8.6 million full­grown blue whales, the largest creatures on earth.That's the weight of more than 2.3 million Airbus A380s, the largest planes in existence.That's as if each person in China, the world's most populous country with more than 1.3 billion people, had one ton mass of food thrown into the dustbin.It's almost unfathomable, isn't it?

Setting aside that big number, we find the people with the most money are the ones who waste the most.On average, a person in European and North American countries wastes between 95 and 115 kilograms of food.Sub­Saharan African, South Asian and Southeast Asian countries waste much, much less — between 6 and 11 kilograms per person.

Here's another statistic：all the food that the world's richest countries waste is about equal to all the food that sub­Saharan Africa produces.The number's：222 million tons and 230 million tons, respectively (分别地).Basically, the wasted food of the rich could feed much of the African continent.And these numbers come as we've just been reporting about rising food prices around the world in the past week.

And my own personal tip：if I eat at a restaurant and can't finish it all, I ask for a doggie bag.I used to be a waiter years ago and will never forget the amounts of food I saw left on the table after the bill was paid.There's no reason to waste food.It's up to all of us to use our common sense to eat and shop just a bit more wisely.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。根据联合国粮农组织的一份报告，目前全球生产出来的30%的食物在消费过程中被浪费了。作者呼吁人们不要浪费食物，要更明智地生活。

1．What does the underlined word “unfathomable” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Possible to imagine.

B．Impossible to change.

C．Impossible to understand.

D．Possible to understand.

解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，每年浪费的食物的重量超过了860万头地球上最大的动物——蓝鲸的重量，也超过了230万架世界上现有的最大的飞机——空中客车A380的重量。这也好比在世界拥有超过13亿人的人口最多的国家——中国，人均向垃圾桶里倾倒一吨的食物。由此可推知这种现象使人难以理解。unfathomable意为“难以理解的，深不可测的”。

2．It can be learned that the food the rich waste can support     ．

A．half the people in Europe

B．most people of America

C．most people of Asia

D．most people of Africa

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知，富有的国家浪费的食物可以养活非洲大陆大部分的人口。

3．The author gave his personal tip based on the fact that     ．

A．he was once very poor

B．he was once a farmer

C．he once worked in a restaurant

D．the price of food is very high

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，作者的建议是根据他曾是一个餐厅服务员的工作经历而给出的。

4．What is the purpose of this article?

A．To show the author's opinion of food.

B．To let us live more wisely and not waste food.

C．To show the amount of wasted food a year.

D．To ask the richest countries to help African people.

解析：选B　写作意图题。根据第一段倒数第二句和最后一段最后两句可推知，文章的写作目的在于让人们不要浪费食物，要更明智地生活。

B

A Rhode Island grower is the first in the world to achieve three records in the hobby of growing enormous foods.The three world records consist of the heaviest pumpkin and the longest gourd (葫芦).And now it includes the heaviest squash (南瓜).

Joe Jutras previously broke two records.Joe got his third last weekend when he broke the giant squash record.It weighed 2，118 pounds.This was at Frerichs Farm in Warren last Saturday.

His other titles came in 2006.That is when he broke the record for the longest gourd.It was a 126.5­inch gourd.In 2007, he broke the record for the largest pumpkin.It weighed in all 1，689 pounds.

Both previous records have since been surpassed.But Jutras is the only grower so far to break world records in the three most competitive categories.

“It feels great，” Jutras said Monday.“It's really been a goal of mine to try to achieve this.”

Jutras has been working on the three records for a decade, since his pumpkin won.He was close to the goal a few years ago.But he failed.Now 62, Jutras recently retired from his work as a high­end cabinetmaker.He wants to devote more time to his hobby.

Jutras noted that others had won multiple world records for fruit and vegetables before.But they won in categories such as carrots that are not as competitive.

Jutras said his fruit is headed to New York City.It will be on display this month at the New York Botanical Garden.

Asked what he planned to do next, he said he's been thinking about the bushel gourd.

“I think the record now is about 279 pounds，” Jutras said.“That might be something I might want to get into a bit.”

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了乔·朱特拉的业余爱好是种植巨型蔬菜，他已成为世界上第一个在种植巨型蔬菜方面打破三项世界纪录的非专业人士。

5．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．The records Jutras set in 2006 and 2007 have been broken by others.

B．Jutras was awarded a lot of money for the two records.

C．Jutras is determined to break his previous records.

D．No one else can compare with Jutras.

解析：选A　句意理解题。此处指他以前的两项纪录已经被人超越了。故选A。

6．How do you find Jutras?

A．He is determined and ambitious (有抱负的).

B．He is creative and generous.

C．He is brave and competitive.

D．He is excellent and light­hearted.

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五、六段的内容可知，他是一个目标明确并且失败了也不退缩的人。故选A。

7．What can we know according to Paragraph 7?

A．Jutras is proud of his records.

B．Jutras thinks highly of other people's achievements.

C．Jutras will experiment with carrots.

D．Jutras will break more records for fruit and vegetables.

解析：选A　推理判断题。第七段主要告诉我们朱特拉认为其他人在蔬菜水果方面也创造了多个世界纪录，但都是在比如像胡萝卜这样的种类，不具备竞争力。由此可知，他认为他的纪录比他们的厉害。故选A。

8．What can we infer from the passage?

A．Jutras's hobby is making cabinets.

B．Jutras is aimed to set a new world record in a bushel gourd.

C．Jutras will work at the New York Botanical Garden.

D．Jutras will feed more people.

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章最后两段可知，朱特拉下一步想在bushel gourd这方面创造新的世界纪录。故选B。

C

The crops we produce in the UK and around the world could change with climate.The weather is an important part in farming and changes in temperature will strongly affect crop growth.

For the UK, temperature rises are likely to mean the crops normally growing in the south of the country will be able to be grown further north.The UN believes there will be a shift northwards of between 200 and 300 kilometers for every degree of warming.This would be similar to the south of England in 2060, having the kind of weather the Loire Valley, in France, experiences now.

Due to an increase in drought and heat waves, the types of crops grown in the UK will have to change, which doesn't have to be a bad thing for us.Products which haven't been farmed over here before, such as sweet corn, sunflowers, and maize for cereals, could all provide new business for farmers — certainly in the south­east.

However, if farming practices do change in this country, procedures will have to be put in place beforehand as introducing something new of farmland involves a lot of preparation.Also, irrigation systems may need to be improved so rain from winter can be stored for the summer as it is hotter.

Researchers are finding that pests, such as aphids, are starting to hatch (孵化) earlier in the year.In the last 10－15 years they've been arriving in springtime and the population of aphids appears to be growing too.

Aphids are a real problem as they can cause so much damage to crops, and if they're arriving earlier in the year especially when the crops are fragile, they can cause more damage than they used to.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气温上升造成农作物品种、农业生产种植方式的变化以及因为害虫孵化提前造成农作物大面积受害的事实。

9．It is quite possible that the author comes from    ．

A．the UK　　　　　　　 B．the UN

C．France    D．Scotland

解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段的第一句The crops we produce in the UK和第三段的第一句可知作者很可能来自英国。故选A。

10．The underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 refers to “    ”．

A．the kind of weather the Loire Valley, in France, experiences now

B．the kind of weather the south of England in 2060 will have

C．the UN's belief that there will be a shift northwards of between 200 and 300 kilometers for every degree of warming

D．the UK's temperature rises mean the crops growing in the south will be able to be grown further north

解析：选D　代词指代题。This指代上文所讲的temperature rises are likely to mean the crops normally growing in the south of the country will be able to be grown further north，故选D。

11．The main idea of this passage is that     ．

A．the crops raised in the south will be transplanted to the north in 2060

B．the temperature rises will bring about either good or bad effects

C．the climate has a strong influence on crops

D．the global warmth causes more positive effects than negative ones

解析：选C　主旨大意题。由文中所讲的气温上升造成作物品种、生产种植方式的变化以及害虫孵化提前造成作物受害可知，文章主要讲的是气候对作物有重要影响。故选C。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

When I was a little girl, every time my dad was repairing something, he would ask me to hold the hammer.And so we would have a time for a conversation.

I grew up and left home for college and since then, my dad had been calling me every Sunday morning.And when several years later I bought a house, my dad went to paint

it by himself for three days in the summer heat. 1  But I was too busy in those days.I did not find any time for a conversation with him.

Four years ago, my dad was visiting me.He spent hours putting together a swing set (秋千) for my daughter.He asked to bring him a cup of tea and have a talk with him. 2  I didn't have time for any long conversations that day.

One Sunday morning we had a telephone talk as usual.I was in a hurry, so our conversation was short. 3  My dad was sent into hospital.Immediately I bought a ticket for a flight and on my way I was thinking about all missed occasions (时刻) to have a talk with him.By the time I arrived, my dad had passed away. 4  I realized how little I knew about my dad, his deepest thoughts and his dreams.

After his death I learned much more about him, and even more about myself.All he ever asked me was my time. 5

A．A few hours later that day came a call.

B．But I had to prepare for a trip that weekend.

C．I never saw my dad drinking or taking a night out.

D．And now his time has all my attention every single day.

E．All he asked was to hold his paint brush and talk to him.

F．Now it was he who did not have time for a conversation with me.

G．I noticed that my dad had forgotten some things that we discussed lately.

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了默默为作者和家人付出的父亲最大的希望莫过于作者能多陪他说说话、聊聊天。但是作者一直没有意识到这一点，错过了很多次和父亲交谈的机会。

1．选E　作者小时候经常会帮修理东西的父亲拿锤子，这是父女俩交谈的好机会。后来作者长大了，离开家，买了房子，父亲亲自帮女儿粉刷房子。根据后文所讲的作者那几天特别忙，没有时间和父亲交谈可知，此处是讲父亲希望女儿还能像小时候那样帮他拿着刷子，然后父女俩就能有机会说说话，故答案填E。

2．选B　父亲探望女儿时给外孙女搭了秋千，此时他最希望的是女儿能给他端杯茶，陪他好好说说话。根据空后所讲的作者那天没有时间陪父亲好好聊聊可知，作者那时忙着为周末外出做准备，所以没有时间，故答案填B。

3．选A　一个周日的早上父亲照例给作者打电话。作者很忙，所以没说几句就挂了电话。根据空后所讲的父亲住院了可推知，之后作者又接到一个电话，故答案填A。

4．选F　父亲不幸去世了，现在是他没有时间和作者交谈了，故答案填F。

5．选D　以前一直是父亲渴望女儿腾出时间陪他说说话，而现在父亲去世了，留下的是女儿对父亲无尽的思念，期盼父亲能有时间和她说说话，故答案填D。