英语选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection课时作业

这是一份英语选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection课时作业，共8页。

2.Yur friend is frgetful and ften frgets t submit (submit) assignments.
3.I learned that a fish is a cld-blded animal and therefre is very sensitive t water temperature.
4.A large internatinal meeting was held with the aim f prmting sustainable (sustain) develpment in all cuntries.
5.Only by ding this can ur sciety becme mre harmnius (harmny) and safer!
6.The gvernment has agreed t lift restrictins (restrict) n press freedm.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
be starved f; cntribute t; have an impact n; refer t; dzens f
1.The reprt says design faults in bth the vessels resulted in the tragedy. cntributed t
2.Changes in technlgy have had an effect n the way we wrk. had an impact n
3.The department has been lacking substantial resurces. been starved f
4.I always cnsult a dictinary when I cme upn a new wrd. refer t
5.On the ppsite wall are hanging lts f pictures as well as tw maps f China. dzens f
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1.毫无疑问, 这项政策对所有的商业部门来说都将是一个黄金机会。(There is n dubt that…)
There is n dubt that this plicy will be a glden pprtunity fr all business sectrs.
2.他躺在床上, 脸上盖着一张报纸。(with 复合结构)
He lay n the bed, with his face cvered by a newspaper .
3.各地的人们到市中心来了, 使得市中心非常拥挤。(非谓语动词作状语)
Peple frm all the crners came t the city center, making it very crwded .
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
(2020广东茂名检测)
A 23-year-ld British wman has invented a prduct. She hpes that it will ne day take the place f single-use plastic. The new prduct is made frm by-prducts f the fishing industry and ther natural ingredients.
Lucy Hughes created the material, called MarinaTex, fr her final-year prject at University f Sussex. She cntinued her research after she left the university.
On Nvember 13, the James Dysn Fundatin annunced that Hughes was the internatinal winner f the 2019 James Dysn Award.
MarinaTex is edible, and t put it in anther way, it can be eaten withut danger. Hughes says it is als strng and stable. But unlike plastic, MarinaTex breaks dwn in fur t six weeks under nrmal cnditins and des nt pllute the sil.
The inventr said she was cncerned abut the grwing amunts f plastic in the ceans. She nted ne reprt that there wuld be mre plastic than fish in the wrld’s ceans by the year 2050. The United Natins estimates that 100 millin tns f plastic waste have already been left in the ceans.
Hughes was als investigating ways t reduce the amunt f waste frm the fishing industry. “The industry prduces an estimated 50 millin tns f waste wrldwide each year,” UN fficials say.
Hughes tld Reuters that she was trying t wrk ut hw she culd use that waste stream and add value t that waste. Examining leftver fish parts frm prcessing helped t give her the idea fr a material that was useful and did nt harm the envirnment.
T create a strng material, Hughes added the chitsan ml ecule, which cmes frm sea creatures like crabs, and agar, a substance frm red algae.
After mnths f testing, Hughes prduced a strng, flexible sheet that frmat temperatures belw 100°C.
Inventr James Dysn said that MarinaTex is “strnger, safer and much mre sustainable” than the plastic plyethylene (聚乙烯). It is als easier t break dwn than ther pssible replacement prducts fr plyethylene, the material that single-use plastic bags are made f.Hughes wuld receive abut ＄41,000 in prize mney as the first place winner f the James Dysn Award. She tld Reuters that she planned t use the mney t better develp the prduct and wrk ut a strategy fr mass prductin.
1.What des the underlined wrd “edible” in Paragraph 4 mean?
2.What’s true abut MarinaTex?
A.It is delicius.
B.It is envirnmentally friendly.
C.It is a type f plastic.
D.It exists fr a lng time in nature.
3.What helped t give Hughes the idea fr MarinaTex?
A.Observing the prcess f fishing.
B.Studying different parts f fish.
C.Checking waste frm the fishing industry.
D.Examining leftver fish parts after cking.
4.In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?
答案：1.B
解析：1.[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道, 介绍了一名23岁的英国女性发明了一种有望取代一次性塑料的环保产品。
【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据画线词后的“it can be eaten withut danger”可知, edible的意思是“可食用的”。
答案：2.B
解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的“But unlike plastic, …des nt pllute the sil.”可知, 与塑料不同的是, MarinaTex在正常情况下会在四到六周内分解, 不会污染土壤。由此可知, MarinaTex是环保的, 故选B。
答案：3.C
解析：3.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第七段中的“Examining leftver fish parts…did nt harm the envirnment.”可知, 检查加工过程中留下来的鱼的剩余部分帮助她产生了发明 MarinaTex的想法, 故选C。
答案：4.D
解析：4.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】通读全文, 特别是根据第一段中的“A 23-year-ld British wman has … take the place f single-use plastic.”可知, 本文主要介绍了一名23岁的英国女性发明了一种有望取代一次性塑料的环保产品, 这属于科技范畴, 因此文章最有可能出现在报纸的科技版块, 故选D。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. by-prduct n.副产品 2. ingredient n.成分; 原料
3. edible adj.适宜食用的 4. flexible adj.灵活的; 可弯曲的 5. strategy n.策略
难句分析
原句：Examining leftver fish parts frm prcessing helped t give her the idea fr a material that was useful and did nt harm the envirnment. 检查加工剩余的鱼肉成分帮助她想出一种有用且不会损害环境的材料。
分析：此句为主从复合句。Examining leftver fish parts frm prcessing为动名词作主语; that引导定语从句, 修饰先行词material。
Ⅱ. 七选五
Slutins t Climate Change
There are persnal lifestyle changes that yu can make and that, t sme extent, can help reduce yur carbn impact. Nt all are right fr everybdy. But applying just a few f them culd make a difference.
Mve clser t wrk.
Transprtatin is ne f the leading surces f greenhuse gas emissins. 1 One way t dramatically cut transprtatin fuel needs is t mve clser t wrk, use mass transprtatin, r switch t walking, cycling r sme ther mdes f transprt that d nt require anything ther than human energy.
Cnsume less.
2 Whether by quitting an autmbile r emplying a reusable grcery sack, cutting back n cnsumptin results in fewer fssil fuels being burned t extract, prduce and ship prducts arund the glbe.
3
A ptentially simpler and even bigger effect can be prduced by ding mre with less. Citizens f many develped cuntries are energy-wasters, whether by speeding in a gas-wasting vehicle r leaving the lights n when nt in a rm. Similarly, emplying mre efficient refrigeratrs, air cnditiners and ther appliances can cut electricity bills. 4 Yu can turn the lights r yur cmputers ff when yu leave the ffice.
Stp cutting dwn trees.
When purchasing wd prducts, such as furniture r flring, buy used gds r, failing that, wd prved fficially t have been sustainably harvested. The Amazn rainfrest and ther frests are mre than the lung f the earth. 5
A.Be energy efficient.
B.Use few electrical appliances.
C.But it desn’t have t be that way.
D.Such effrts can als be usefully emplyed at wrk.
E.They may als be humans’ shrt-term hpe fr limiting climate change.
F.The easiest way t cut back n greenhuse gas emissins is simply t buy less stuff.
G.Citizens spend mre mney n electricity t pwer devices when they’re ff than when they’re n.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案：1.C
解析：1.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些我们在日常生活中可以采取的简单易行的环保措施。这些措施看似微小, 却能为应对气候变化贡献力量。
上一句提到交通运输是温室气体排放的主要来源之一。下一句提到减少交通燃料需求的一个方法是住得离工作地近一点。C项承上启下, 且C项中的that way指代上句内容。
答案：2.F
解析：2.该空对应的小标题是减少消费, 同时又是本段首句。F项点明减少温室气体排放的最简单的方法是少购物, 符合本段的语境。
答案：3.A
解析：3.该空是本段的小标题。本段主要建议我们有效利用能源, 尽可能减少对能源的浪费, 用更少的能源做更多的事。故用A项概括本段的主旨。
答案：4.D
解析：4.上一句介绍了在生活中如何减少对能源的浪费, 该空后则介绍了在办公室里如何减少对能源的浪费。D项承上启下。
答案：5.E
解析：5.上一句提到亚马孙雨林及其他森林不仅仅是地球的肺。E项中的They may als be与上一句中的…are mre than相对应, 符合语境, 故选E。
Ⅲ. 读后续写
1.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jack and his wife Tnya were sailing arund Africa with their friends Max and Sasha. One day they saw a big fishing bat. It was mving fast.
“Hell!” they shuted. The men n the bat lked at them angrily. Max lked carefully at the bat.
“Smething is wrng with their fishing net,” he said. They gt nearer t the net.
“What’s that?” said Tnya. “There is smething in the net. It’s alive.”
Very slwly they mved nearer.
“I can see it nw,” said Tnya. “It’s a killer whale-it’s hurt. There’s bld in the water. Hw can we help it?”
“I can see it t. It’s a baby but we must be careful,” said Max.
Jack jumped int the water. “I can get the net ff its fin (鳍),” he said.
Jack gt the net ff the baby killer whale. There was a big cut n its fin. It swam away. Suddenly there were ther killer whales near the bat.
“Jack!” shuted Tnya. “Get n quickly.” Jack swam t the bat as fast as a fish. “That baby killer whale…I am ging t call it Lucky,” he said.
As they mved away, it began t rain harder and harder.
Jack said, “We must get away frm the wind. I can see a twn ver there. Let’s g.”
The twn gt nearer but the waves gt bigger. Suddenly a very big wave hit the bat. “Is everyne OK?” shuted Jack.
“Tnya? She’s nt in the bat,” said Sasha. “She’s in the water!”They lked int the cld, dark water fr hurs. “Tnya! Say smething, Tnya! Where areyu?” shuted Max.
The wind gt strnger and the bat was full f water. Anther big wave hit the bat.
“Jack, d yu want us all t die?” said Max. “We can’t d any mre. Tnya is wearing a life jacket (救生衣) and she can swim very well. Let’s sail t the twn.”
Mments later the bat hit a beach. They gt ff. Max and Sasha slept n the beach. Jack sat near the water, lking at the sea and thinking abut Tnya.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
At that time, Tnya was five hundred meters away ut in the sea.
Jack was walking alng the beach and suddenly he saw smething in the distance.
解析：解题思路
体裁：记叙文
时态：一般过去时
原文核心内容解读：Jack和他的妻子Tnya以及另外两个朋友出海时救了一只小虎鲸。他们在海上碰到了大暴雨, Tnya不幸落水。因天气越来越糟糕, 为了保证其他成员的生命安全, 只能无奈靠岸。
文章脉络
When: ne day
Where: in the sea
Wh: Jack, Tnya, Max and Sasha
What: They rescued a baby killer whale. They were caught in a strm and Tnya gt lst.
写作思路
根据续写部分第一段的开头语“At that time, Tnya was five hundred meters away ut in the sea.”可推知, 当Tnya被困在海上时, 她很害怕而且在艰难地往岸边游着。
之前他们救了一只小虎鲸, 因此, 第一段可以描写在Tnya感到无助时, 小虎鲸和它的妈妈来到她的身边救了她。
根据续写部分第二段的开头语“Jack was walking alng the beach and suddenly he saw smething in the distance.”可推知, 当Jack在沙滩上走着时, 他突然看到了Tnya, 因此第二段可以描写Jack看到妻子后十分开心及他们对小虎鲸的感谢。
答案：One pssible versin:
At that time, Tnya was five hundred meters away ut in the sea. The waves were big and the wind was strng. Tnya was swimming with great difficulty when she heard smething. Ten meters in frnt was a killer whale with a big fin. It was making nises. Behind it was anther whale. “Killer whales eat peple. I’m ging t die,” thught Tnya. The killer whales came nearer and nearer. Tnya clsed her eyes. The next mment she was n the back f a killer whale. It mved twards the beach.;
Jack was walking alng the beach and suddenly he saw smething in the distance. He walked nearer. It was a wman. “Tnya?” he ran and shuted. “Is that yu?” cried Jack. “Oh, Tnya! Yu’re OK!” Jack hugged Tnya tightly. He culdn’t speak! “Max and Sasha?” “OK,” answered Jack. “Hw lucky we are!” Tnya saw a small fin in the water. It mved slwly t the sea. “It’s waving gdbye,” thught Tnya. “Lucky. Yes, Lucky,” she said quietly t Jack.