2022届高考英语词汇练习（五）

这是一份2022届高考英语词汇练习（五），文件包含2022届高考英语词汇练习五学生版docx、2022届高考英语词汇练习五教师版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。

一、单词拼写 请根据句意和汉语提示填入一个恰当的英语单词(注意形式)。
1. Prices have risen steadily during the past _________(十年), namely frm 2004 t nw.
2. His interest in this subject gradually _________(减少), because he dislikes the new teacher.
3. Such _________(装饰品) is a typical feature f the new year festival.
4. It rained, and the ________(潮湿的) wd didn’t burn well.
5. The weather is respnsible fr the ________(延误) f s many flights in Shanghai.
6. I am much __________(高兴) t be here and t give yu a talk.
7. My sn says that the thin mailman _________(递送) letters and parcels every mrning.
8. In the plice statin, the pliceman _________(查问) their names.
9. The _________(牙医) tk ut his bad tth yesterday.
10. The teacher said: “Tm, yu _________(值得/应得) a reward fr being s helpful.”
11. I must admit that everyne ________(期望/想要) t live in a wrld free f wrries and pains.
12. If yu dn’t speak gd English, yu will be at a big ________(劣势) when yu try t get a jb.
13. A _______(失望的) lk came int his face when he failed t pass the test.
14. I have made up my mind and nthing can ________(阻止/使气馁) me.
15. When I get up, I first _______(给……穿衣服) my sn and wash his hands and face.
16. The windw is s _______(满是灰尘的) that I can’t see utside clearly.
17. I _______(捐赠) my bld fr free each year.
18. He wrks hard, but he des nt _______(赚/挣) much mney.
19. I must wrk hard t g t university, fr I think nthing is mre imprtant than ________(教育).
20. What is certain is that every ________(结果) must have a cause.
二、词义猜测 请根据句意选出与下列句子中划线单词或短语意思相同或相近的选项。
1. Why have yu let me be in the dark abut this? As a leader, I shuld have knwn it.
A. 在黑暗中 B. 穿着黑色衣服 C. 不知道/不了解 D. 被蒙着眼睛
2. She is n the decline, and may die sn.
A. 掉下 B. 下降 C. 减少 D. 衰退
3. He depsits a sum f mney in the bank each mnth fr his ld age.
A. 储存 B. 放下 C. 沉淀 D. 寄存
4. When he came back after the war, he fund the villages had been deserted.
A. 沙漠化 B. 荒无人烟 C. 擅离职守 D. 丧失
5. It tk me sme time t digest what I had heard. Althugh it was hard t believe, I finally accepted it.
A. 消化 B. 理解 C. 摘要 D. 忘记
6. The bad weather put us in a dilemma, give up r g n?
A. 进退两难 B. 动弹不得 C. 无法适应 D. 左右逢源
7. If yu want t apply fr the psitin, a diplma in this field is a must.
A. 背景 B. 文凭 C. 人脉 D. 经验
8. We shuld nt have racial discriminatin, because the whle wrld is a big family.
A. 分别 B. 批评 C. 鉴赏 D. 歧视
9. I was tired f his speech, which was lng, tedius and disgusting.
A. 令人着迷的 B. 引起共鸣的 C. 让人害怕的 D. 叫人反感的
10. There is a fine distinctin between the tw wrds, which is easy t be neglected.
A. 联系 B. 相同 C. 区别 D. 分离
11. Her interests are very diverse, frm reading t traveling, frm literature t plitics.
A. 沉闷无趣的 B. 非常有趣的 C. 单一无聊的 D. 多种多样的
12. While traveling in America, he lst his passprt, s he went t the embassy fr help.
A. 学生会 B. 华人组织 C. 大使馆 D. 联盟
13. Whle chains f the eclgy were being destryed, and the natural disasters began t happen.
A. 生态 B. 生态学 C. 生态组织 D. 生态专家
14. It is universally acknwledged that a dynamic gvernment is necessary t meet the demands f a changing sciety.
A. 有活力的 B. 不作为的 C. 运转的 D. 和平的
15. He enjys driving at a dizzy speed, but I feel scared t death.
A. 旋转的 B. 飞快的 C. 变速的 D. 匀速的
16. He has had sme disturbing experience, which ccasinally wakes him up with fear.
A. 新奇刺激的 B. 有趣难忘的 C. 令人不安的 D. 令人厌烦的
17. She cntinued deliberately t thrw the bks upn the flr in rder t make her teacher mad.
A. 耐心地 B. 不断地 C. 故意地 D. 拼命地
18. Dn’t grasp at the delicate branch, r yu may break it.
A. 脆弱的 B. 精美的 C. 敏锐的 D. 微妙的
19. We have been lnging fr the travel, and we are s excited t make ur departure tmrrw mrning.
A. 计划 B. 启程 C. 日程 D. 改变
20. When we try t find the slutin t the prblem, we shuld take all dimensins f it int cnsideratin.
A. 问题 B. 困难 C. 途径 D. 方面
三、单句填空 请在下列句子中填入一个适当的词或用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. ____________(day) practice is the trick in learning a freign language.
2. He is a ____________(danger) persn; keep away frm him.
3. Every year, car accidents caused many ____________(die).
4. We can’t reach a ____________(decide) withut the presence f ur head teacher.
5. They tk up arms in ____________(defend) f their cuntry.
6. We shuld discuss the prblems in ____________(deep).
7. The West Lake was beautiful beynd ____________(describe)
8. We tried t keep the falling tree frm ____________(destry) the huse.
9. It wn’t make much ____________(different) whether yu g tday r tmrrw.
10. Why d yu cme t me with every little ____________(difficult).
11. The gvernment encurages emplyers t hire ____________(able) wrkers.
12. He had a lud ____________(agree) with his bss because f the lw pay.
13. Frtunately, new scientific ____________(discver) are being made everyday.
14. There was a ____________(divide) f pinin n the matter.
15. We are mved by his ____________(devte) t his students.
16. T avid ____________(damage) the tree, hammer a wden peg int the hle.
17. N ne wants t be ____________(defeat) by difficulties.
18. My mther was a wman f devtin and ____________(determine).
19. He made n attempt t hide his ____________(like) f me frm that fight n.
20. D yu intend t take the ____________(drive) license test this year?
四、词组句型 请根据汉语提示完成下列英文句子。
1. Nwadays, the yung are always after the latest crrespndence, trying t keep ___________(跟上时代的).
2. Cars stuck in traffic jams _______________________ (产生了大量污染).
3. Last Mnday, we _________________(进行了热烈的讨论)whether we senir students shuld have PE lessns.
4. Sme students say yes t the questin, because they think physical exercise will ____________(对身体有好处).
5. ____________(毫无疑问地), all f us will try ur best t make us strng enugh t deal with the whle year’s hard wrk.
6. Hwever, __________________ (由于担心时间紧), sme students prefer t give up the exercise time t their studies.
7. In my pinin, hw much time fr exercise shuld ____________(取决于) yur wn schedule.
8. __________________ (我们进行了一场辩论) whether cmputers bring us mre advantage r disadvantage.
9. As fr cmputers, I will say, __________________ (利远大于弊).
10. We __________________ (都渴望上理想中的大学), s we wrk n and will never give up.
11. ____________(如图所示), mre peple prefer t travel in Octber.
12. When it cmes t the best time fr travel, __________________ (人们意见各个不同).
13. T make a pleasant trip, we shuld __________________ (考虑各个方面的因素).
14. T lse weight, peple all agree that exercise and ____________(节食) shuld g hand in hand.
15. ____________(恰恰相反的是), I tk little exercise but ate a lt.
16. ____________(由此发展下去), I became s fat that I culdn’t walk lng, r I wuld feel tired.
17. Frm my experience, __________________ (我们可以得出一个结论) that besity must cme frm exercising little but eating much.
18. T live a healthy life, we shuld have a balanced diet, __________________ (包括各类食物).
19. One day, I __________________ (偶然读到) a passage.
20. This passage tries t __________________ (传达一个宝贵的信息) that we shuld live in harmny with animals.
五、语法填空(在短文空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
The trial run f a bullet train frm Chengdu t Xi’an tk abut fur hurs n Wednesday mrning, cutting travel time between the cities by abut six hurs. The 643-km line, China’s first trial rute t run ___1___ the Qinling Muntains, will ___2___(frmal) pen n Nv 30. It will run n a daily basis, with a ___3___(design) speed f 250 km per hur.
Li Lin, a travel agency manager in Chengdu, said the pening f the railway is expected t prmte the ___4___(develp) f turism industry in the areas. Lng ___5___ the trial run f the railway, quite a few peple in Sichuan had tld me they wanted t visit Xi’an, the capital f 13 feudal(封建的) ___6___(dynasty), t see the Terractta Warrirs(兵马俑)and ther sites f histrical imprtance.
Accrding t Li, sme peple are als desiring t visit Guangyuan, ___7___ has the Shu Path. The path is ne f the wrld’s ldest land transprt systems, with the mst ___8___(danger)rads and mst abundant histrical ruins. The ___9___(cnstruct) f the path linking Sichuan and Shaanxi started arund 316 BC. It ___10___(build) n muntains s high and steep that famus pet Li Bai(701—762), nce wrte: “Traveling n the Shu Path is as difficult as ging up t heaven.”
六、单句改错(每句都有一个错误，错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改)
1. Despite the warm Christmas atmsphere, my heart was frzen t dead.
2. Dn’t get him t lend yu any mney any mre, because he himself is in the debt.
3. The teacher is t mve t Beijing, but he desn’t knw what t deal with his ld bks.
4. In the last century, many peple suffered frm malaria, a dead disease which tk away many lives every year.
5. A lt f fish dead frm the plluted water.
6. The dctr said the wmen was a great deal f better and culd leave hspital the next day.
7. What’s mre, they impressed us deep with unusual cnfidence.
8. Since then, he has taught math fr a few decade.
9. Everyne can dance in her music in his wn rm.
10. Smking can d damage fr yur health.
11. It is reprted that sme f the animals are in the danger.
12. It is imprtant that yu keep this infrmatin up t the date.
13. Thrugh the fire drill I nw realize what dangerus it is when there is a fire.
14. I happened t mentin yu t him ther day.
15. I think we shuld start at the dawn t get there in time.
16. Didn’t I deserve a chance t defend fr myself?
17. I sent the girl t the nearest hspital withut the delay.
18. The sldiers fught in defend f their cuntry’s safety.
19. In his delight, he fund that it was an egg f pure gld.
20. Suddenly, a gd idea ccurred t me. I stepped n the man’s ft deliberate.
参考答案
一、单词拼写 请根据句意和汉语提示填入一个恰当的英语单词(注意形式)。
【答案】1. decade 2. decreases 3. decratin 4. damp 5. delay
6. delighted 7. delivers 8. demanded 9. dentist 10. deserve 11. desires
12. disadvantage 13. disappinted 14. discurage 15. dress 16. dusty
17. dnate 18. earn 19. educatin 20. effect
二、词义猜测 请根据句意选出与下列句子中划线单词或短语意思相同或相近的选项。
【答案】1～5CDABB 6～10 ABDDC 11～15DCAAB 16～20 CCABD
三、单句填空 请在下列句子中填入一个适当的词或用所给词的正确形式填空。
【答案】1. daily 2. dangerus 3. deaths 4. decisin 5. defense 6. depth
7. descriptin 8. destrying 9. difference 10. difficulty 11. disabled
12. disagreement 13. discveries 14. divisin 15. devtin 16. damaging
17. defeated 18. determinatin 19. dislike 20. driving
四、词组句型 请根据汉语提示完成下列英文句子。
【答案】1. up-t-date 2. cause a great deal f pllutin 3. had a heated discussin n 4. d them gd / d gd t their health 5. Withut dubt/Undubtedly 6. due t wrries abut lack f time 7. depend n 8. we had a debate n/abut 9. advantages largely utweigh disadvantages 10. are eager t g t the university in ur dream 11. As the diagram shws 12. pinins differ greatly (frm persn t persn) 13. take all factrs int cnsideratin 14. ging/being n a diet 15. n the cntrary 16. With such a develpment 17. we may cme t a cnclusin 18. cnsisting f all kinds f fd 19. came acrss 20. cnvey a valuable message
五、语法填空(在短文空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
【语篇解读】本篇为说明文。文章介绍了成都到西安的动车开通将促进了旅游业发展的情况。
1.【答案】thrugh
【解析】考查动词短语。run thrugh穿越。
2.【答案】frmally
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。修饰动词，前用副词修饰。句意：中国第一条穿越秦岭的线路将在11月30日正式开通。故填frmally。
3.【答案】designed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里与所修饰名词speed为动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。句意：设计速度为250公里/小时。故填designed。
4.【答案】develpment
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。前面有定冠词修饰，the develpment作prmte的宾语。句意：铁路开放有望促进旅游业的发展。
5.【答案】befre
【解析】考查短语。短语lng befre很久以前。句意：在铁路试运行很久以前。故填befre。
6.【答案】dynasties
【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。名词dynasty为可数名词，根据前面的数字13可知用复数形式。句意：西安，13个封建王朝的都城。故填dynasties。
7.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句中先行词为Guangyuan，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，故用关系词which。句意：有些人也想去广元，广元有蜀道。故填which。
8.【答案】dangerus
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。前面有最高级的标志the mst，后面有名词，故用形容词dangerus。句意：有最危险的路和历史上最丰富的废墟。
9.【答案】cnstructin
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。根据前面的定冠词The和介词f可知，这里用名词形式。句意：连接四川与陕西之间的路，开始建造于大约公元前316年。故填cnstructin。
10.【答案】was built
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据主语It与动词build之间为被动关系，讲的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。句意：它建在如此陡峭的山上。故填was built。
六、单句改错(每句都有一个错误，错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改)
1.【答案】dead改为death
【解析】be frzen t death冻死，所以dead改成death。句意：尽管圣诞节的气氛是温暖的，而我的心却冻死了(拔凉拔凉的)。
2.【答案】去掉in the debt中的the
【解析】in debt欠债，故去掉in the debt中的the。句意：不要再让他借钱给你了，因为他自己欠了债。
3.【答案】what改为hw
【解析】deal with“处理”和hw连用，指怎样处理；d with和what连用。故what改成hw。句意：老师打算搬到北京去，但他不知道如何处理他的旧书。
4.【答案】dead改为deadly
【解析】dead无生命的，死的；deadly致命的，所以dead改成deadly。句意：每年带走许多生命的一种致命的疾病。
5.【答案】dead改为died
【解析】这里是充当谓语的，应用动词die，不能用形容词dead，又结合语境可知此句是一般过去时态，故用died。所以把dead改为died。句意：大量的鱼死于受污染的水。
6.【答案】删去f
【解析】a great deal f修饰名词，a great deal可以修饰比较级。句意：医生说那些妇女身体好多了，第二天就可以出院了。
7.【答案】deep改为deeply
【解析】修饰动词impress要用副词，故将deep改为deeply。deep也可以用作副词，一般指具体的深度。句意：他们不同寻常的自信给我们留下了深刻的印象。
8.【答案】decade改为decades
【解析】a few修饰可数名词复数，故把decade改为decades。句意：从那时起，他教数学已经有几十年了。
9.【答案】her前面的in改为t
【解析】dance t the music伴着音乐跳舞，故应将in改为t。句意：人人都可以在自己的家里伴着她的音乐跳舞。
10.【答案】fr改为t
【解析】d damage t对……造成伤害，故把fr改为t。句意：抽烟会伤害你的身体。
11.【答案】去掉the
【解析】“在危险中”用in danger，故去掉the。句意：据报道其中有些动物处在危险中。
12.【答案】去掉the
【解析】up t date拥有(或包含)最新信息的。句意：保持您最新的资讯是非常重要的。
13.【答案】what改为hw
【解析】本句中的dangerus是形容词，应该要用副词修饰，故what改为hw。句意：通过消防演习，我现在意识到火灾发生时是多么的危险。
14.【答案】在ther前加the
【解析】the ther day前几天，在不久前。而ther day意为“其他日子”。根据句意可知，是the ther day。故在ther前加the。句意：前几天我碰巧向他提起过你。
15.【答案】去掉the
【解析】at dawn在黎明。句意：为了及时赶到那里，我想我们应该黎明时分就出发。
16.【答案】去掉fr
【解析】defend是及物动词，可以直接加宾语，不需要加介词，故去掉fr。句意：难道我不应该有机会为自己辩护吗？
17.【答案】去掉delay前面的the
【解析】withut delay立即，毫不拖延，delay前不能加the，故去掉delay前面的the。句意：我立即将女孩送到最近的医院救治。
18.【答案】defend改为defence/defense
【解析】in defence f保护，保卫。句意：士兵们为保卫国家安全而战。
19.【答案】In改为T
【解析】t ne’s delight使某人高兴的是，令某人高兴的是，故将In改为T。句意：让他高兴的是，他发现那是一个纯金的蛋。
20.【答案】deliberate改为deliberately
【解析】此处修饰动词stepped，所以要用副词deliberately。句意：我突然想到了一个好主意。于是我故意踩了那个男士的一只脚。