2022届河南省三门峡市重点中学高三上学期12月第三次周测英语试卷

这是一份2022届河南省三门峡市重点中学高三上学期12月第三次周测英语试卷，共6页。
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Cmpanies funded by wmen
Burt's Bees
The stry f Burt's Bees began when funder Rxanne Quimby mved t Maine and lived in a cabin in the wds. Quimby wrked fr lcal beekeeper Burt Shavitz. As partners, they started a cmpany called Pure Maine Hney, which later evlved int the beeswax (蜂蜡) prducts brand knwn tday as Burt's Bees.
SulCycle
Julie Rice and Elizabeth Cutler were intrduced t each ther in New Yrk City when Rice was a talent agent and Cutler was a real estate agent. In their first meeting, Rice and Cutler develped the wrkut cncept fr a cardi studi, which turned int the sensatin SulCycle.
Cisc
Funded by Sandy Lerner and then-husband Len Bsack, tw members f Stanfrd University's cmputer supprt staff, in 1984, Cisc became ne f the natin's fastest-grwing cmpanies by prviding equipment that cnnects t the Internet.
Build-A-Bear
Maxine Clark left her psitin as president f Payless SheSurce t pursue a stuffed animals business. Clark pened her first Build-A-Bear Wrkshp in 1997, and the cmpany had expanded t 425 stres wrldwide by 2012. Clark retired as CEO in 2013.
Zla
Shan-Lyn Ma dreamed f being an entrepreneur and ne day wrking fr Yah. She made it finally. Afterwards, at a wedding she nticed the wedding-gift shpping and wedding registries(婚礼登记处) were impersnal and clunky. She wanted t reinvent the wedding registry experience and funded Zla in 2013.
Wh funded the cmpany Burt's Bees?
A.Rxanne Quimby.B.Burt Shavitz.
C.Burt Shavitz and Maxine Clark.D.Rxanne Quimby and Burt Shavitz.
Where did Lerner nce wrk?
A.A university.B.A factry.
C.A cmputer supprt cmpany.D.A supermarket.
Why did Shan-Lyn Ma fund her wn cmpany Zla?
A.She was nt satisfied with Yah.B.She was extremely ambitius.
C.She intended t imprve the wedding registry.D.She just wanted t prve herself.
B
I started t wrk as an editr fr a travel magazine. I didn't really mind the wrk, but I wanted smething mre challenging. My sister sent me sme details fr a psitin in a start-up. The jb was a seemingly perfect mix f my skills and interests, s I jumped at it.
Hwever, sn after I jined the cmpany, its mdel changed t fcus n K-12 educatin, and everything abut my psitin changed. I was asked t take n the cmpletely different rles f selling cntents t teachers and training peple. I had n experience in sales, training and educatin. On tp f that, I'm an intrvert (内向的人). I felt mre than a little utside my cmfrt zne.
I knew I wanted t grw as an individual and made a serius impact n the cmpany. I tld myself that everything feels verwhelming at first and I shuld at least have a g. In a way, I felt like I didn't have a chance. I knew jumping ut f the nest was the right thing fr me, even thugh it felt pretty awful.
I was frtunate t be surrunded by very helpful peple bth at wrk and at hme. My bss never asked if I thught I culd d it; she asked if I was interested in trying.
I spent hurs researching my cmpany's prducts. I asked lts f questins and spke t s many teachers that there were sn mre gd experiences than difficult nes. I lked fr pprtunities t put in extra effrt. The mre I did, the better I felt.
Over time, I discvered that the jb was smething I culd d and liked ding. It was incredibly rewarding t see the cmpany grw. I als learned it's imprtant t take risks and accept new pprtunities, even when yu're nt sure whether yu'll d well. I dn't think there is anything wrse than failing t try. I'm s glad I tried, and it surely paid ff.
What made the authr decide t give up his jb?
A.The pr salary frm his ld jb.B.Encuragement frm his sister.
C.Being cnflict with his frmer bss.D.Being eager t challenge smething new.
What abut the authr when he started t wrk in a new place?
A.Curius and excited.B.Feared and ashamed.
C.Stressed and wrried.D.Amazed and satisfied.
Hw des the authr describe himself in the passage?
A.Devting himself t wrk.B.Accepting whatever thers said.
C.Taking pride in his ability.D.Making friends with the bss.
What's the authr's purpse in writing the passage?
A.T tell readers that failure is the mther f success.
B.T warn abut the risks and changes when changing jbs.
C.T expse risks and challenges in a newly funded cmpany.
D.T encurage readers t accept challenges and turn risks int chances.
C
It is fd news guaranteed t put a smile n yur face. Scientists have fund that eating dark chclate appears t lwer the risk f depressin by a quarter. While 7.6 percent f the 13, 000 peple surveyed reprted depressive symptms, just 1.5 percent f the chclate eaters did.
The study by University Cllege Lndn (UCL), the University f Calgary and Alberta Health Services, als fund that the peple wh cnsumed the mst f any chclate were als 57 percent less likely t reprt depressive symptms. Lead authr Dr. Sarah Jacksn said, "This study prvides sme evidence that cnsumptin f chclate, particularly dark chclate, may be assciated with reducing dds f clinically relevant depressive symptms."
The study is the first t examine the assciatin with depressin accrding t the type f chclate cnsumed. The team assessed data frm 13, 626 adults frm the US Natinal Health and Nutritin Examinatin Survey. A range f ther factrs including height, weight, marital status, ethnicity, educatin, husehld incme, physical activity, smking and chrnic health prblems were als taken int accunt t ensure the study nly measured chclate's effect n depressive symptms.
After adjusting fr these factrs, it was fund that individuals wh reprted eating any dark chclate in tw 24-hur perids
had 70 percent lwer dds f reprting clinically relevant depressive symptms in the previus tw weeks than thse wh reprted nt eating chclate at all.
Chclate cntains a number f psychactive ingredients which prduce a feeling f euphria. It als cntains phenylethylamine(苯乙胺), which is believed t be imprtant fr regulating peple's mds. Dark chclate als has a higher cncentratin f flavnids(类黄酮), antixidant chemicals which lwer inflammatin and can prevent the nset(发生) f depressin.
Hwever, British scientists pinted ut that the decisin t eat dark chclate culd be linked t ther health factrs. Fr example, peple wh chse dark chclate may be mre health-cnscius in general, which is knwn t prtect against depressin. Depressed peple are als mre likely t desire mre sugary fatty fds and s culd be less likely t pick a dark alternative when chsing chclate.
Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE f the study?
A. A minrity f chclate eaters suffer frm depressin.B. A majrity f peple surveyed are depressive.
C. All kinds f chclate can help fight depressin.D. Half f peple with depressin are surveyed.
The study is typical in that _________.
A. it pinted ut the relatinship between depressin and chclate
B. it demnstrated the prtective effects f dark chclate
C. the findings were based n the type f chclate cnsumed
D. the researchers cnducted the survey wrldwide
What is the fifth paragraph mainly abut?
A. The advantages f chclate.B. The reasns fr the prtective effects.
C. The causes f depressin.D. The effects f chclate.
What's the British scientists' attitude tward the findings?
A. Cautius.B. Supprtive.C. Unimprtant.D. Curius.
D
Sme years ag, Michel André fund himself staring at the bdy f a dead whale n a beach in the Canary Islands. It was bvius that the animal had been struck vilently by a ship — but why? Only later, after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase f sund pllutin frm ships did it becme clear that there was a link.
The whales had becme desensitised t the nise f appraching bats and were being struck by them, ften seriusly. "We never thught that this culd be smething that culd kill," recalls (回忆起) André, wh is the directr f the Labratry f Applied Biacustics at the Technical University f Catalnia, Barcelna.
André has spent 20 years develping an advanced system t better understand why incidents like this happen. His underwater micrphnes have expsed a wrld f deafening sund and animal cmmunicatin never bserved with such clarity (清晰) befre.
It was nt an easy task. Sund waves dn't travel thrugh water in the unifrm, predictable way they d thrugh the air. Instead, the temperature, salinity (盐度) and flw f water have great effects n their path.
What can be dne? One slutin is t change shipping rutes t curse where ships are statistically less likely t meet animals. It's als pssible t slw ships dwn t 18km/h r less which is less likely t seriusly injure a whale.
As fr dealing with the rt cause f the prblem, the UN's Internatinal Maritime Organizatin has already published guidelines n hw t quieten ships, but it will be a while befre the effects f such changes might be bserved.
"The cean is nt ur wrld," cmments André. But it is urs t lk after. And thanks t his wrk, we can better understand the effects f subsea sund pllutin.
学校： 班级： 姓名： 考号：
_______________________________装____________________________________订_______________________________线____________________________________

What did Michel André discver?
A.Sme whales suddenly died fr sme reasns.B.Sund pllutin brught harm t the whales.
C.The number f ships was increasing a lt.D.Fewer whales culd survive in sund pllutin.
What des the underlined wrd "desensitized" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Stubbrn.B.Flexible.C.Dull.D.Friendly.
What shuld be dne t prtect the whales?
A.T limit the speed f the passing ships.B.T frbid large ships t sail in the subsea.
C.T set aside sme preserves under the sea.D.T frm a team t save the injured animals.
What des the authr mainly intend t tell in the passage?
A.An advanced system t explre the sea.B.Nise pllutin in the sea.
C.Animals living in the sea.D.Sea explratin technlgy.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Claustrphbia
Claustrphbia, r fear f enclsed spaces, is ne f the mst cmmn fears. Claustrphbia can be deep fear r even panic as a result f being in a small space.
Claustrphbia can develp after a trubling childhd experience (such as being trapped in a small space during a childhd game), r frm anther unpleasant experience later n in life related t small spaces (such as being stuck in a lift). 16 This respnse then becmes prgrammed in the brain, making an assciatin between being in a tight space and feeling anxius r ut-f-cntrl. As a result, the persn ften develps claustrphbia.
Accrding t Mark Pwers, Ph. D., Assciate Prfessr f Psychlgy at Suthern Methdist University, "Claustrphbia is a specific fear and nt a type f panic disrder. The primary specific danger frecasts fr claustrphbia are that either the persn will be trapped r run ut f air. "
17 Claustrphbia symptms can include: sweating, accelerated heartbeat, upset stmach, passing ut, light-headedness, shaking, breathing prblem, etc.
Sme cmmn situatins can cause anxiety in claustrphbia sufferers. The claustrphbia sufferer will lk fr an exit when inside a rm, avid driving n the highway r majr rads where there is heavy traffic when inside a car, avid taking lifts when inside a building, r stand near a dr when at a party. 18 .
Claustrphbia can have harmful scial and psychlgical effects, since the patient will ften avid situatins in which she thinks she will have an anxiety attack, leading t hiding and sadness.
19 Accrding t Dr. Pwers, "Expsure treatment, a frm f mind-behaviral treatment, usually results in a ttal reductin in anxiety symptms if cnducted prperly."
Flding is a type f expsure treatment in which the persn is expsed t a situatin until the anxiety attack passes; a less extreme frm f expsure treatment is cunter-cnditining. Cunter-cnditining includes behavir treatment, as the persn is taught visualizatin and relaxatin techniques befre being slwly reintrduced t the cause situatin.
20 Medicatins t help treat claustrphbia include things which help t ease the heart punding ften assciated with anxiety attacks.
A. The gd news is that claustrphbia is very treatable.
B. The past experience can trace back t the mment f birth.
C. Accrding t sme dctrs, claustrphbia is wrse than the fear f heights.
学校： 班级： 姓名： 考号：
________________________________装____________________________________订_______________________________线____________________________________

D. When a persn experiences such an event, it can ften cause a frightening panic attack.
E. In extreme cases, the very sight f a clsed dr can lead t feelings f anxiety in a persn.
F. Treatment fr claustrphbia can als include medicatin r a cmbinatin f several treatments.
G. When a persn with claustrphbia finds herself in a restricted space, her bdy respnds in certain ways.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sarah Haycx—the pwer f a 4th grader t change the wrld
A furth-grader, Sarah Haycx, frm Shreline, Washingtn, USA made it her missin t right a wrng. And in ding s, she has 21 the rest f the wrld what ne yung persn, with 22 , can d.
One day, Sarah was 23 an athletic field near her schl. She nticed a small 24 with the name Edwin Pratt n it. Sarah saw that Mr Pratt had nly lived t be 38 years ld and had died in 1969. She 25 wh he was and 26 there was a plaque(牌匾) fr him.
After sme quick research, she learned that he was a civil rights leader wh had cme t her area t help thers find jbs, husing and 27 . She als fund ut that he had been killed just because smene 28 with what he was ding.
After ding mre research, she came t learn abut many 29 things he had dne fr thers. She felt that the small memrial was hardly 30 enugh fr a man wh had s much impact n thers. S she 31 t d smething abut it!
There was a new 32 ging up acrss the street, a schl fr yung kids. She fund ut wh was 33 the schl and asked him if it culd be 34 after Mr Pratt.
After many mnths and meetings with twn fficials, her wish came t 35 ! Abut 50 years after his 36 , Edwin Pratt's life and impact will be celebrated as the name f the new schl.
Mst kids and adults 37 had walked by the small memrial withut ever thinking abut wh Mr Pratt was. But Sarah had the 38 t learn mre, the visin t imagine smething better and the curage t pursue her idea. Nw, she has 39 many ther yung peple arund the wrld with her 40 actins.
A. rderedB. instructedC. remindedD. shwn
A. happinessB. pleasureC. passinD. patience
A. standing byB. getting verC. walking byD. ging ver
A. signB. memrialC. markD. bard
A. wnderedB. expectedC. askedD. dubted
A. whenB. hwC. whyD. where
A. managementB. entertainmentC. publicatinD. educatin
A. arguedB. fughtC. disagreedD. discussed
A. gdB. magicC. mysteriusD. cmmn
A. tallB. bigC. beautifulD. great
A. failedB. helpedC. learnedD. decided
A. buildingB. marketC. templeD. playgrund
A. in memry fB. in charge fC. in need fD. in place f
A. builtB. changedC. fllwedD. named
A. realityB. lightC. mindD. life
A. birthB. arrivalC. deathD. graduatin
A. similarlyB. simplyC. frtunatelyD. gradually
A. pwerB. chanceC. talentD. curisity
A. inspiredB. supprtedC. cnsideredD. imprved
A. fascinatingB. amazingC. interestingD. exciting
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the name suggests, Sichuan Ht Pt was brn in Sichuan Prvince, 41 is knwn fr its 42 (prefer) fr spicy fd. This muth-burning and tngue—numbing ht pt has been gaining a large amunt f attentin in recent years in freign cuntries.
The 43 (universe) accepted thery traces the Sichuan Ht Pt back t early 20 century when the prt wrkers and fishermen wh wrked and lived alng the Yangtze River culd nt affrd 44 (eat) the regular cuts f meat s they figured ut a way t ck cheap meats and ffal(内脏) 45 biling them in a pt f extremely spicy sup. The use f spicy sup first 46 (intend) t cver the taste frm the ffal. Hwever, after sme 47 (adjust) f fragrant spices, this ne pt meal became a ppular dish in Sichuan regin.
After years f cntinuus develpment, eating Sichuan Ht Pt tday 48 (be) n lnger what the pr like. Offal still remains as classic ht pt ingredients, 49 high quality meats and seafd ingredients are als cmmn n the menu. The mdern ht pt has been shaped int a cmplex meal that starts with sliced meat, ffal, and seafd, 50 (fllw) by vegetables and ends with ndles.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Of all the recreatins we enjyed, a mrning walk might be the mst rewarding. In city like Chengdu and Hangzhu where can hardly avid heavy traffic, it's nly in the mrning that the rads are nt crwded. It is hardly any traffic and ne can enjy the walk. In the mrning the nature is at its best. Having a lk at leaves f trees and yu'll find pearls f dew(露水) n it. Flwers wave their heads gentle and spread their pleasant smell. A walk in a big park r the bank f a stream is even mre refreshing. A 20-minute walk every day gets peple t lk 5 years yung.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，上周日你校举办"学农活动"，参观绿色蔬菜基地，了解科学种植，同时参与实践。请你以"An agricultural activity"为题，写篇报道。
内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动过程；
3.感想反馈。
学校： 班级： 姓名： 考号：
_______________________________装____________________________________订_______________________________线____________________________________

注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
An agricultural activity