2022届高考二轮复习英语阅读理解专练（5）

这是一份2022届高考二轮复习英语阅读理解专练（5），共20页。
2022届高考二轮复习英语阅读理解
专练（5）
1.The Paris Olympics organizers have applied to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to include breakdancing (霹雳舞), which is also called breaking or b-boying/b-girling, after the sport’s success at the Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires, Argentina last year.
Along with breakdancing, the Paris committee has asked for skateboarding, climbing and surfing to be included as a way of making the 2024 Olympics more urban (城市的), more artistic and more attractive to young people.
Skateboarding, climbing and surfing — but not breakdancing — have already been included in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. The IOC will make a decision on the Paris sports  in December 2020, after the Tokyo Olympic Games.
“It is a victory for us. Even if it goes no further, we will still have won,” said Mounir Biba, one of the top breakdancers in France, where there is a strong breakdancing culture. The head of the Paris organizing committee, Tony Estanguet, said the committee’s goal was “to connect the games to their era (时代).”
Organizers explained the four sports have broad appeal to young people and large and active audiences on social media. The IOC is trying to make the Olympics less expensive and wasteful, which advantages (有利于) the four sports as they shouldn’t need large and new stadiums.
1.B-boying or b-girling can also be called _______.
A.skateboarding B.climbing C.breakdancing D.surfing
2.When will the IOC decide on the Paris sports?
A.In November, 2020. B.In December, 2020.
C.In September, 2024. D.In October, 2024.
3.The underlined word “broad” in the last paragraph means “________”.
A.wide B.little C.new D.weak
4.Where can people most probably read the passage?
A.In a science magazine. B.In an old textbook.
C.In a children’s storybook. D.In a daily newspaper.
2.    Are you fed up with staring at a computer screen for hours straight just to review your classes? It's a problem that many of us encounter. So why not pick up your headset and learn via a podcast?
    Podcast, or boke, refers to a range of audio programs on different audio platforms. According to China Daily, podcasts have become popular among young Chinese people who would like to enjoy the peace and power of learning through sound.
    Established in 2012, China's largest online audio platform, Ximalaya saw its subscribers(订阅者) pass 600 million by December 2019. Among these users over 46 percent were born in the 1990s and 2000s. On average, active users listen to podcasts for nearly three hours per day.
    The emergence of domestic online radio platforms and the convenience brought about by smart devices are certainly two reasons for the popularity of the format. Its flexible nature also makes it a winner among the young audience.
    "Audio is a good medium for content that can break the limit of time and space," Jiang Feng, vice-president of Ximalaya, told China Daily. He added that podcasts have become an important channel for people to acquire information and knowledge. It also can accompany listeners in many different circumstances including working, studying, exercising, traveling and just before going to bed.
    Apart from providing company, the new media form also gives people a platform to speak out about important issues.
    A senior high school student who wanted to be admitted to The Central Academy of Drama failed his national college entrance examination twice. He talked about the pressure he faced on an audio program called Please Listen, launched by Mango TV on Feb 19, 2020. The program was designed to relieve audiences' worries by sharing personal stories.
    Podcasts tend to be a discussion, and just like real life conversations, they follow a flexible structure and usually last for at least an hour.
    "More often than not, you can't summarize two or three important points from those conversations, like you could from articles. They often do not have conclusions, either. It's a very freeform medium that is very friendly to listeners," Pan Aijuan, a podcast listener and book editor at a publishing house, told China Daily.
    At the same time, the use of podcasts trains people to first listen to others before offering one's own opinions. It helps build up our patience and listening skills. Cheng Yanliang, a co-founder of the podcast Left and Right, stated that "audio programs can filter those bad-tempered people who would lose patience after reading several paragraphs and start writing awful comments to insult others".
    With such advantages, "podcasts are entering the mainstream in China", noted China Daily.
1.Why does the author mention Ximalaya in the third paragraph?
A.To inform the readers of its fast development.
B.To show the impact it has on users.
C.To demonstrate the popularity of podcasts in China.
D.To discuss the characteristics of podcasts.
2.What is the main aim of the audio program Please Listen?
A.To amuse audiences in different ways.
B.To help audiences ease their worries.
C.To allow audiences to comment on current affairs.
D.To give audiences a platform to acquire knowledge.
3.Why does Pan Aijuan think podcasts are friendly to listeners?
A.They can accompany listeners in different circumstances.
B.Their content usually follows a flexible structure.
C.They provide listeners with a sea of information.
D.It is quite easy to draw a conclusion from a podcast.
4.How can podcasts influence people's personality according to the text?
A.They can make people more cheerful.
B.They can make people lose their temper more easily.
C.They can help break the habit of insulting people online.
D.They can make people more patient.
3.A Chinese space mining company has designed a robot that can capture waste material left behind by spacecraft in outer space with a big net.
The state-run Xinhua news agency recently reported that the robot launched on the government's Long March 6 rocket along with several satellites. The robot will also investigate deep space to observe small objects in the universe. The 30-kilogram robot, called NEO-01 , was developed by Origin Space. Pounded in 2019 and based in the southern Chinese tech hub(技术中心)Shenzhen, Origin Space has been devoted to exploring and using space resources, according to the company. The company says the robot will lead the way for future technologies capable of mining on asteroids(小行星).
The world's first asteroid mining company, Planetary Resources, was established in 2009. Since then, more than 12 businesses around the world have entered the industry, including 3D Systems of the United States and Japan's Astroscale. Astroscale's technology uses magnets(磁铁) to gather up space waste. But a report on the Origin Space website says NEO-01 will use a net to capture waste and then bum it. Thousands of satellites have been launched worldwide. As they are used too long, many end up as waste and put other operating satellites at risk.
Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space. He said the company plans to launch many space telescopes and more spacecraft to begin the first for-profit mining of asteroids by 2045. Su added that NEO-01 will serve as a prototype (雏形)of future space mining robots, which can use rich mineral resources on asteroids to support the development of the space industry.
The Xinhua news agency reported that China was increasing efforts to land a spacecraft on a near-Earth asteroid to collect materials. China is also speeding up a plan to build a defense system against near-Earth asteroids. The country aims to follow Russia and the United States in becoming a major space power by 2030.
1.Which of the following can correctly describe NEO-01 ?
A.It weighs 60 kilograms.
B.It was created by Planetary Resources.
C.It will be burnt after finishing its mission.
D.It is mainly used to catch space waste.
2.What can be inferred from the text?
A.China will be the most powerful in space by 2030.
B.Origin Space will open more mines on asteroids.
C.It is those useless satellites that make space waste.
D.The robot will look into deep space for more waste.
3.What does Su Meng think of NEO-01?
A.It is promising and rewarding.
B.It has benefited the space industry.
C.It's a long way to produce it.
D.It'll help make money for the company.
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A.NEO-01 , A Smart Robot Used in Space
B.A Chinese Robot Can Catch Space Waste
C.A New Robot Makes China a Space Power
D.NEO-01 , the Pioneer of Future Space Robots
4.    A Long March-5 rocket carrying the Chang’e-5 spacecraft took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Center on the southern Chinese island of Hainan at 4:30 am on Tuesday, 24 November. The journey to the moon will take around eight days.
   The Chang’e-5 mission, named after the ancient Chinese goddess of the moon, will seek to collect lunar material to help scientists understand more about the moon’s origins and formation. The mission will test China’s ability to remotely acquire samples from space, ahead of more complex missions.
   Spokesman for the Chang’e-5 mission, Pei Zhaoyu, said,“We think that there are two main purposes for the completion of this lunar sampling mission. One is the scientific purpose. We can conduct sampling through circumlunar(环月的) and moon landing explorations, but it is more intuitive(直觉的) and more direct to obtain samples for scientific research. Plus, there will be more instruments and more methods to study it on the ground. I think this is the scientific purpose. There is also an engineering purpose. Through the task of sampling and returning, we could have a more complete grasp of relevant technologies of lunar exploration.”
   If the mission goes as planned, it will make China only the third country to have retrieved lunar samples, joining the US and the Soviet Union.
   After entering the moon’s orbit, the spacecraft is intended to arrange a pair of vehicles to land the lunar surface: a lander and an ascender. The plan is for the lander to drill into the lunar surface, with a robotic arm scooping out soil and rocks. This kind of material will be transferred to the ascender vehicle, which is due to carry it from the surface and then dock with(对接) an orbiting module. The samples then will be transferred to a return capsule for the trip to Earth, with a landing in China’s Inner Mongolia region.
   The probe is due to be on the lunar surface for about two days, while the entire mission is scheduled to take around 23 days.
1.What is the task of the Chang’e-5 mission?
A.To help scientists learn more about Earth.
B.To know the ancient Chinese goddess of the moon.
C.To land a robotic spacecraft on the moon.
D.To get back samples from the moon’s surface.
2.What did Pei stress in his words?
A.The significance of the mission.
B.The course of collecting samples.
C.The achievements of the exploration.
D.The scientific way of space exploration.
3.What is responsible for digging out rocks?
A.The ascender. B.The lander.
C.The orbiting module. D.The return capsule.
4.What does the underlined word “retrieved” mean?
A.Started out. B.Dealt with. C.Got back. D.Put away.
5.    Ask people to name the world's tallest peak and anybody with sound general knowledge will name Mount Qomolangma. But quiz them on its exact height and many will hesitate. Recently, a team of over 30 Chinese surveyors left the base camp at Mount Qomolangma for a higher spot on its journey to the peak on Wednesday as part of the country's mission to remeasure the height of the world's highest mountain.
    The remeasurement of the peak's height is a part of China's latest large-scale scientific survey of Qomolangma. Preparation of the project was started in early March, with 53 surveyors from the First Geodetic Surveying Brigade (大地测量旅) getting stationed near Qomolangma to carry out adaptive climbing and training in other technical skills, and they are going to the survey on the top of the mountain.
    To ensure the accuracy of the measurement, and to work it in a more scientific way, experts from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, the Shaanxi Bureau of Surveying, and the China Geological Survey were invited to assist in the technical design and planning of the project from the beginning.
    The technical innovation and breakthrough applied in the latest survey include the application of the BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System and advanced domestic surveying and mapping instruments.
    The Chinese government has conducted six large-scale surveys and measurements on Qomolangma in the past few decades; it had successfully measured and announced the height of the mountain in 1975 and 2005. Chinese mountaineers and researchers climbed Mount Qomolangma in 1975 to determine its height and concluded that the rock height of the peak was about 8,848.13 meters; in 2005, the summit measured 8,844.43 meters. It is believed that this remeasurement will surely bring about surprise to the world, thus showing how powerful our country is!
1.Where does the text come from?
A.A story book. B.A news report.
C.A science fiction. D.A travel guidebook.
2.What ensures the accuracy of the measurement according to Paragraph 3?
A.Applying adaptive climbing skills.
B.Planning the project in early March.
C.Inviting many experts to support.
D.Using the most advanced mapping instruments.
3.Which of the following about the survey is true?
A.This is the 7th large-scale survey of Qomolangma
B.The height of Qomolangma must be shorter than before.
C.30 Surveyors were stationed near Qomolangma.
D.83 surveyors worked for the remeasurement.
4.What's the main idea of the passage?
A.The ways of remeasuring Qomolangma.
B.The results of measuring Qomolangma.
C.The technologies applied in remeasuring
D.China's remeasurement of Qomolangma.
6.    In November 2020, US climber Emily Harrington, 34, took on EI Captain—a 3,000 foot (917 meters) rock formation(岩层) in Yosemite National Park, US. She accomplished her feat(壮举) within a day and became the first woman to free-climb the Golden Gate route.
    It used to take weeks for rock climbers to reach the top of EI Captain, even with the help of a partner and climbing aids. In recent years, only three people—all me—had free-climbed the Golden Gate route on EI Captain in under 24 hours, according to CNN.
    The number of female climbers has been rising in recent years. Even in the pandemic, many of them have made great achievements and pushed human limits. “I had never expected to earn my place to a Yosemite climber. But throughout this experience I have learned that there is no formula to achievement up there,” she said.
    The rising number of female climbing enthusiasts should come as no surprise. According to the website Climbing.com, “Climbing is one of the few sports where it’s possible to level the playing field. Women’s superior strength-to-weight ratio(比例) helps offset(弥补) anything we may lack in power or reach, bridging the gap between the sexes.”
    Legendary Austrian climber Angela Eiter is another strong female figure in the climbing world. In 2020 Eiter made news as she climbed the unknown face she calls Madame Ching in her home country.
    According to New York Post, the route was free of traces. That means Either had to search for the holds and predict how the moves were going to play out by herself. Worse still, the rock there is really fragile and some holds had to be fixed with glue. But after intensive indoor training to visualize the route and build up the strength, Eiter, who stands 154cm high and weighs 46kg, made it.
    "I am not the strongest woman and I am very small, and I am happy that I can show other women that they can also do it," she told the reporter.
1.What did Emily Harrington accomplish?
A.She reached the top of EI Captain in less than a day.
B.She free-climbed the Golden Gate route within weeks.
C.She was the first person to take on EI Captain successfully.
D.She free-climbed the Golden Gate route without climbing aids.
2.What does the underlined phrase “level the playing field” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A.Give a sense of belonging. B.Give someone an advantage.
C.Make a situation more balanced. D.Allow someone to prove themselves.
3.What difficulty did Angela Eiter meet with when climbing Madame Ching?
A.There were no holds to use. B.There were no beaten path to follow.
C.There was a lack of necessities like glue. D.Her prediction about the route was wrong.
4.What can we learn from Harrington and Eiter?
A.Always battle others. B.Find where you belong.
C.Work hard to be a role model. D.Be brave and pursue your goal.
7.The Tokyo Summer Olympics is going green. The 5,000 medals Japan has made are more special than most.
One novel focus of the Tokyo Olympics is to be“sustainable”— to avoid using too many natural resources, so that the games are easy on the environment. As part of this goal, the organizers decided to make all of the Olympic medals out of metal recycled from old electronics.
Almost all electronics are made with small amounts of "precious metals", like gold and silver. But collecting enough of these metals to make 5,000 medals was a huge challenge. That's because the amount of metal in each device is tiny. It would take about 20,000 cell phones to get just 1 kilogram of gold.
Beginning in April 2017, the organizers placed collection boxes around the country, and asked people to turn in their old electronic devices. Soon people began to respond to the initiative, turning in smartphones, digital cameras, hand-held games, and laptops. At first, collection went slowly, but soon more and more areas began to take part. By the end, 1,621 local governments had helped out with the collection process.
Then came the job of breaking those devices down into smaller pieces. After being taken apart and sorted, the small electronics were smelted (熔炼) to get all the gold, silver, and bronze elements. This is a tricky job, which calls for careful attention and good skill. It's also dangerous, because some of the metals and other things aren't safe for people to touch or breathe.
By the end of March, 2019, the organizers had hit their targets of getting enough metal for the medals. They had collected around 32kilograms of gold, 4,100 kilograms of silver and 2,200 kilograms of bronze. And now all the 5,000 medals are available for the would-be winners.
1.What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
A.The difficulty of making the medals.
B.The process of collecting old electronics.
C.The initiative to recycle used smartphones.
D.The classification of the collected devices.
2.What can we know about the Tokyo Olympics medals?
A.They are hugely valuable.
B.They are of high quality.
C.They are designed uniquely.
D.They are made from e-waste.
3.The underlined word “tricky”in Paragraph 5 means“__________”.
A.creative B.demanding C.well-paid D.unique
4.What's the purpose of Tokyo's way of making the medals?
A.To introduce a new technique to make medals.
B.To promote the spirit of Olympic Games.
C.To advocate sustainable use of resources.
D.To call people's attention to environmental damage.
8.Brazil sports are out of control! Brazilmay be one of the most sports-crazy countries in the world. Whether you are into watching or playing, Brazil sports have a lot to offer everyone.
    Football in Brazilis more than a sport. It’s a way of life. Football is popular in Brazilfor several reasons. One reason is that it is fast paced and fun to watch. This is the reason why the World Cup Soccer is the most watched sports event in the world aside from the Summer Olympics. Also, you don’t need anything to play soccer except for something to kick, and a big area in which to play. Few will argue if you say that Brazil leads the world in football. No nation has won as many world cups as Brazil.
    Volleyball is a close second in Brazil sports. In the world of international volleyball, Brazil wins many championships of all kinds, including indoor and beach volleyball. Brazil has nearly 5,000 miles of coastline. If you go to a beach in Brazil, there will always be a volleyball game going on somewhere, and usually two or three.
    Footvolley was created in Brazil in the 1960s. It is a mix of football and volleyball, where the players must use their feet and head to get the ball over the net and into the opponents’ court, and is also played in sand. It is one of the most popular beach sports in Brazil.
    Swimming, tennis, rugby, boxing, judo, sailing, golf, surfing, and handball are all greatly popular in Brazil.
1. We infer that this passage was written to ______.
A.explain why football is so popular inBrazil
B.encourage us to do sports as people inBrazildo
C.tell us the history of several sports inBrazil
D.introduce several very popular sports inBrazil
2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest?
A.Sports are extremely popular inBrazil.
B.All kinds of sports are played inBrazil.
C.Brazil athletes are out of control.
D.Brazilathletes are not well educated.
3. From Paragraph 2, we learn most people believe that _______.
A.football is the most popular sport in every country
B.people don’t need anything to play soccer
C.Brazil has won every World Cup Soccer
D.Brazilleads the world in football
4. According to the writer, what is the second most popular sport in Brazil?
A.Football. B.Volleyball. C.Footvolley. D.Tennis.
9.    World Health Organization (WHO) chief scientist Soumya Swaminathan said Monday that herd immunity to coronavirus would not be achieved in 2021, despite the growing availability of vaccines (疫苗产量).
    Factors that delay herd immunity include limited access to vaccines in developing countries, skepticism (怀疑) over vaccination, and the potential for virus mutations (变异), according to health experts.
    A growing number of countries around the world, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Singapore, Germany and other European Union countries, are in the first stages of mass-vaccination campaigns.
Herd immunity occurs when enough people in a population have immunity to an infection(传染) so that it prevents the disease from spreading.
    “We are not going to achieve any levels of population immunity or herd immunity in 2021,” Swaminathan said, while emphasizing that measures like physical distancing, hand washing and mask wearing continue to be necessary in controlling COVID's spread for the rest of the year.
    However, Swaminathan praised the “incredible progress” made by vaccine researchers to develop several safe and effective vaccines at unprecedented (空前的) speed. Countries are currently administering vaccines developed by BioNTech-Pfizer, Oxford University AstraZeneca and Moderna.
    “The vaccines are going to come,” she said. “They are going to go to all countries, but meanwhile we mustn't forget that there are measures that work,” she added, referring to hygiene (卫生) and social distancing.
    “We won't get back to normal quickly,” Dale Fisher, chairman of the WHO's Outbreak Alert and Response Network, told a conference hosted by Reuters news agency. “We know we need to get to herd immunity and we need that in a majority of countries, but we are not going to see that in 2021,” Fisher said. “There might be some countries that might achieve it but even then that will not create normal especially in terms of border controls,” he added.
1.Which of the following are NOT the factors that delay herd immunity?
A.People are skeptical about vaccination.
B.Access to vaccines in developing countries is limited.
C.A growing number of countries begin mass-vaccination campaigns.
D.Virus mutations are likely to happen.
2.As for the first stages of mass-vaccination campaigns, which country is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A.Vietnam B.Germany C.Singapore D.the United Kingdom
3.What can we learn from what Fisher said?
A.In many countries in 2021, people will live a normal life in terms of border controls.
B.If some countries might achieve herd immunity, people will live a ‘normal’ life.
C.In terms of good border controls, we can achieve herd immunity.
D.There maybe a long way to get to herd immunity all over the world.
4.What is the attitude of Swaminathan to the progress of vaccine development?
A.Positive B.negative C.unclear D.neutral
10.Have you ever had a troubling problem that has left you wondering where to turn for help?
Eve Hobsbawm is a life adviser. She offers advice to people struggling with all kinds of problems, from relationship difficulties to what to cook for dinner. She does this through a website inviting people to email her with their problems. There's nothing unusual about that, except for the fact that Eve is only eight years old.
This junior trouble-shooter, who also goes by the name "Miss Evie Mouse" lives in London with her parents. Not only is Miss Mouse willing to lend an ear to her clients, she will also offer them a helping hand, for a fee of course. She charges between 10p for advice on little, everyday worries and ￡1 for more complicated problems. Her areas of expert knowledge, if not of experience, are problems about love, life and work-life balance.
A problem shared is a problem halved, but Eve can't always help. A note on the site states that she can't answer questions like "Does space ever end?" and she won't solve schoolwork-related problems, especially not maths.
She explained to the Guardian newspaper that she was inspired to set up the company by her father who runs a tech start-up. Eve said, "As soon as I saw his business and understood the kinds of things businesses do, I thought that's what I'm going to do."
But since setting up her company in December she has been so overwhelmed with messages that she has had to take a step back. "There has been a lot of sudden interest in my site, which is nice," she says, "but I need to do my homework too, so I won't be solving any more problems for a bit."..
1.Eve Hobsbawm is an unusual adviser because she__________.
A.asks for fees for her advice B.is just a pupil at primary school
C.is an expert in work-life balance D.answers questions on the Internet
2.What is people's attitude towards Eve's website?
A.Interested B.Disapproving C.Doubtful D.Unconcerned
3.Which of the following can best describe Eve?
A.She has a lot of experience in life.
B.She is very popular among students.
C.She has a natural talent for business.
D.She is warm-hearted and ready to help.
4.Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?
A.A book review B.A speech C.An advertisement D.A news report











答案以及解析
1.答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.A; 4.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的The Paris Olympics organizers have applied to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to include breakdancing (霹雳舞), which is also called breaking or b-boying/b-girling(巴黎奥运会的组织者已经向国际奥委会(IOC)申请将霹雳舞列入比赛项目。)可知b-boy或b-girl也可以被称为霹雳舞,结合选项,故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的The lOC will make a decision on the Paris sports in December 2020, after the Tokyo Olympic Games.(国际奥委会将在2020年12月东京奥运会之后,对巴黎体育项目做出决定。)可知国际奥委会将在2020年12月决定巴黎的体育项目,结合选项,故选B。
3.猜测词义题。根据最后一段中Organizers explained the four sports have broad appeal to young people and large and active audiences on social media.(组织者解释说,这四项运动对年轻人和社交媒体上大量活跃的观众具有广泛的吸引力。)可知这四项运动已经对年轻人和社交媒体上的观众有了广泛的吸引力,由此可推断 broad意为"广泛的,宽的",结合选项 A. wide宽的;B.little小的;C.new新的; D.weak弱的,故选A。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知本文主要讲的是法国奥林匹克组织者向国际奥委会申请加入四项运动:霹雳舞、滑板、攀岩和冲浪使奥运会更加城市化、艺术化,以此吸引年轻人。因此本文可能是一篇新闻报道,结合选项,故选D。
2.答案：1-4 CBBD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第三段的 Established in 2012, China's largest online audio platform, Ximalaya saw its subscribers pass 600 million by December 2019.喜马拉雅成立于2012年，是中国最大的在线音频平台，到2019年12月，其用户已超过6亿。可知，作者在第三段提到喜马拉雅是来说明播客在中国的流行。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据倒数第四段最后一句 The program was designed to relieve audiences' worries by sharing their own stories这个节目旨在通过分享自己的故事来减轻观众的忧虑。可知，本音频节目的主要目的是帮助观众减轻忧虑。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段 Podcasts tend to be a discussion, and just like real life conversations, they follow a flexible structure and usually last for at least an hour. More often than not, you can’t summarize two or three important points from those conversations, like you could from articles. They often do not have conclusions, either. It's a very freeform medium that is very friendly to listeners, Pan Aijuan, a podcast listener and book editor at a publishing house, told China Daily播客往往是—种讨论，就像现实生活他们遵循灵活的结构，通常持续至少一个小时。"很多时候，你不能像从文章中总结出的那样，从那些谈话中总结出两三个要点。他们通常也没有结论。这是一种非常自由的媒体，对听众非常友好，潘爱娟，一位播客听众和一家出版社的图书编辑告诉《中囯日报》记者。可知，潘爱娟认为播客对听众友好是因为播客的内容通常采用灵活的结构。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的 It helps build up our patience and listening skills它有助于培养我们的耐心和倾听技巧。可知，播客可以让人们更有耐心。故选D。
3.答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章首段"A Chinese space mining company has designed a robot that can capture waste material left behind by spacecraft in outer space with a big net.(中国一家太空采矿公司设计了一种机器人,它可以用一张大网捕获宇宙飞船在外太空留下的垃圾。)“和第三段中的But a report on the Origin Space website says NEO-01 will use a net to capture waste(但Origin Space网站上的一份报告称, NEO-01将使用一张网捕获垃圾。)“可知,NEO-01这款机器人主要是用来捕获太空垃圾的。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的"Thousands of satellites have been launched worldwide. As they are used too long, many end up as waste(全世界已经发射了数千颗卫星。由于使用时间太长,许多最终成为垃圾。)"可知,全球已经发射了成千上万颗卫星,随着它们的寿命超出使用期限,大多数最终会成为太空垃圾。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的"Su added that NEO-01 will serve as a prototype (雏形)of future space mining robots, which can use rich mineral resources on asteroids to support the development of the space industry.(苏补充说,NEO01将作为未来太空采矿机器人的原型,可以利用小行星上丰富的矿产资源来支持太空工业的发展。)"可知,Su Meng认为NEO-01的前景可观,是很值得开发的。故选A。
4.标题归纳题。本文主要报道了一家中国太空采矿公司设计了一种机器人,它可以通过一张大网捕获航天器在外太空留下的废弃物质。选项B.A Chinese Robot Can Catch Space Waste符合题意,故选B。
4.答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.B; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段可知,嫦娥五号探测器将寻找并收集月球材料,帮助科学家了解月球的起源和形成。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知,他强调了嫦娥五号探测器的月球取样任务的两个目的,说明了这次任务的意义。
3.细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句话可知,由着陆器完成收集土壤和岩石的任务。
4.词义猜测题。根据第二段中提到的seek to collect lunar material. acquire samples from space可知,这个词在此处表示“带回”。
5.答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.D
解析：1.文章出处题。根据第一段A team of over 30 Chinese surveyors left the base camp at Mount Qomolangma for a higher spot on its journey to the peak on Wednesday as part of the country's mission to remeasure the height of the world's highest mountain.周三,一支由30多名中国测量师组成的考察队离开珠穆朗玛峰大本营,前往更高的地点,这是中国重新测量珠峰高度任务的一部分.根据此处使用的语言描述方式可推知,这篇文章来自于一篇新闻报道,A. A story book一本故事书;C. A science fiction一部科幻小说;B. A news report一篇新闻报道;D. A travel guidebook一本旅游指南,故选B.
2.推理判断题。根据第三段To ensure thea ccuracy of the measurement, and to work it in a more scientific way, experts from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, the Shaanxi Bureau of Surveying, and the China Geological Survey were invited to assist in the technical design and planning of the project from the beginning.为了保证测量的准确性,使测量更加科学,从一开始就邀请了中国测绘研究院、陕西省测绘局和中国地质调查局的专家协助进行技术设计和规划。可知,邀请众多专家支持,保证了测量的准确性,故选C.
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段The Chinese government has conducted six large-scale surveys and measurements on Qomolangma in the past few decades.在过去的几十年里,中国政府已经对珠穆朗玛峰进行了六次大规模的调查和测量。可知,这是第7次大规模的珠峰普查,故选A.
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段A team of over 30 Chinese surveyors left the base camp at Mount Qomolangma for a higher spot on its journey to the peak on Wednesday as part of the country's mission to remeasure the height of the world's highest mountain.(周三,一支由30多名中国测量人员组成的队伍离开珠穆朗玛峰的大本营,前往一个更高的地方,这是中国重新测量世界最高峰高度任务的一部分。)可知,本文主要介绍了中国对珠穆朗玛峰的重新测量,故选D.
6.答案：1-4 ACBD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章首段的介绍"In November 2020, US climber Emily Harrington, 34, took on El Capitan—a 3000 foot (917 meters) rock formation(岩层) in Yosemite National Park, US. She accomplished her feat(壮举) within a day and became the firstwoman to free-cdimb the Golden Gate route(2020年11月,34岁的美国攀岩者艾米丽哈林顿登顶了酋长巨石-美国约塞米蒂国家公园的一个3000英尺高,约合917米的岩层。她在一天之内完成了这一壮举并成为第一个徒手攀爬金门路线的女性徒手攀岩者)"可知,她在一天之内就登顶了酋长巨石,A选项符合原文,故选A项。
2.词义猜测题。根据下文"Women’s superior strength-to-weight ratio(比例) helps offset(弥补) anything we may lack in power or reach, bridging the gap between the sexes.(女性优越的力量与体重比有助于抵消我们身体力量上的不足,弥合了两性之间的差别。)"结合句中的offset(弥补)及bridging可知,上文表达的是,攀岩这项活动是少数能够让男女公平竞争的运动之一, C项"Make a situation more balancea.使情况能够平衡"与"level the playing field创造公平竞争的环境"意思相近,故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第六段首句中"According to New York Post, the route was free of traces. That means Either had to search for the holds and predict how the moves were going to play out by herself.根据纽约邮报报道,这一路上没有前人探索出来的路径。也就是意味Eiter必须自己寻找支撑点,并预测这些行动将如何进行。)"可知, Eiter面临的困难是无迹可寻。故选B项。
4.推理判断题。本题要求得出我们可以从这两位主人公身上学到什么,实质上是要求判断两位主人公的品质。纵观全文Harrington和Eiter的身份都是female climbers(女性攀岩者),且文中使用了great(伟大的)和legendary(传奇的)等词进行修饰,攀岩运动是一项极限运动,作为杰出的现代女性,对其发起挑战,这体现了她们的勇敢(brave);同时,文中分别讲述了她们经过长时间的练习和准备,对高难度岩层发起挑战,并取得成功的故事,且全文最后一句"Women have decided to follow their hearts."(女性决定依心而行),表明她们会追逐心中的目标(pursue your goal),综上,D.Be brave and pursue your goal.(勇敢一点,追求你的目标。)符合文意,故选D项。
7.答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.B; 4.C
解析：1.段落大意题。根据第四段中的Beginning in April 2017, the organizers placed collection boxes around the country, and asked people to turn in their old electronic devices.从2017年4月开始,主办方在全国各地放置了收集箱,并要求人们交出旧电子设备。可知,本段主要介绍回收电子产品的过程。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"As part of this goal, the organizers decided to make all of the Olympic medals out of metal recycled from old electronics."作为这一目标的一部分,组织者决定把所有的奥运奖牌都用从旧电子产品中回收的金属制成。可知,东京奥运会的奖牌是电子垃圾制成的。故选D。
3.词义猜测题。根据第五段的This is a tricky job which calls for careful attention and good skill.这是项棘手的工作,需要仔细的关注和良好的技能。可知, tricky这个词是要求苛刻的故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据第二段One novel focus of the Tokyo Olympics is to be "sustainable" to avoid using too many natural resources, so that the games are easy on the environment.东京奥运会的一个新颖的焦点是"可持续性"避免使用太多的自然资源,这样奥运会对环境就容易了。可知东京这个制作奖牌的目的是提倡资源的可持续性利用,故选C。
8.答案：1-4 DADB
解析：1.推理判断题。纵观全文是介绍巴西很多受欢迎的运动，足球排球等等，可知是介绍了巴西几种受欢迎的运动，故选D。
2.句意理解题。根据第一段后面的Brazil may be one of the most sports-crazy countries in the world. Whether you are into watching or playing, Brazil sports have a lot to offer everyone巴西可能是世界上最热衷于运动的国家之一。无论你喜欢观看还是玩，巴西的体育运动都为每个人提供了很多。可知划线部分是说在巴西运动很受欢迎，故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第二段 Few will argue if you say that brazil leads the world in football. No nation has won as many world cups as Brazil。如果你说巴西在足球方面领先世界，很少有人会争辩。可知巴西的足球引领世界，故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据第二段 Volleyball is a close second in Brazil sports排球在巴西体育中排名第二。可知第二个受欢迎的是排球，故选B.
9.答案：1-4 CADA
解析：1.细节理解题。从第一段的"Mitigating factors to herd immunity include limited access to vaccines in developing countries, skepticasn（质疑） over vaccination, and the potential for virus mutations"（卫生专家指出，阻止群体免疫实现的因素包括发展中国家获得疫苗的能力有限、民众对接种疫苗的质疑以及病毒变异的可能性。）可以看出不是延迟群体免疫的因素是越来越多的国家开始大规模接种疫苗。故选C。
2.细节理解题。从第二段的" a growing number of countries around the world, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Singapore, Germany and other European Union countries are in the first stages of mass vaccination: campaigns."（全世界越来越多的国家都开始了第一阶段的大规模疫苗接种，包括美国。英国、新加坡、德国和其他欧盟国家）可知大规模疫苗接种运动的第一阶段，文中没有提到越南。A. Vietnam越南；B. Germany德国；C Singapore新加坡；D. the United Kingdom英国。故选A。
3.推理判断题。从最后一段的" We know we need to get to herd immunity and we need that in a majority of countries, so we are not going to see that in2021.我们知道我们需要获得群体免疫力，我们需要在大多数国家做到这一点，所以我们不会在2021年看到这一点。“和There might be some countries that might achieve it but even then that will not create ' normal especially in terms of border controls, he added.可能有一些国家可能实现这一目标，但即便如此，也不会创造正常的局面，特别是在边境管制方面，"他补充说。可推断费舍尔的话中得知要想在全世界范围内获得群体免疫也许还有很长的路要走。故选D。
4.态度观点题。从最后一段的" Swami Nathan commended the incredible progress" made by vaccine researchers to develop several safe and effective vaccines at unprecedented speed斯瓦米·内森称赞疫苗研究人员在以前所未有的速度开发几种安全有效的疫苗方面取得了"令人难以置信的进展。"可推断出 Swaminathan对疫苗研发的进展持的态度是积极的。A. positive积极的B.π ergative消极的；C. unclear不清楚的；D.neutral中立的。故选A。
10.答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There's nothing unusual about that, except for the fact that Eve is only eight years old.”可知,Eve是一个不同寻常的顾问是因为她是一个只有8岁的小学生,故B项正确。
2.观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“There has been a lot of sudden interest in my site, which is nice”可知,人们对她的网站很感兴趣,故A项正确。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“As soon as I saw his business and understood the kinds of things businesses do, I thought that's what I'm going to do.”可知,Eve一看到爸爸的公司和了解所有的业务就知道这是她要做的,由此可知她很有经商天赋,故C项正确。
4.推理判断题。本文讲述了一个只有8岁的小女孩通过自己的网站帮助别人解决问题的故事,再结合倒数第二段中的“She explained to the Guardian newspaper”可知,《英国卫报》也采访过Eve,由此推知本文可能来自一篇新闻报道,故D项正确。