专题01-2022年高考英语书面表达基础-知识讲解

这是一份专题01-2022年高考英语书面表达基础-知识讲解，共7页。试卷主要包含了主语+谓语，主语+谓语+状语，主语+系动词+表语，主语+谓语+宾语，主语+谓语+宾语+状语，主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语，主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，There be句型等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题一　写作基础（讲解部分）第一节  基本句型奠基考点清单英语中最基本的句型有八种,其他各种句型都是由这八种基本句型演化而成。八种基本句型如下:1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)My brother is studying.我弟弟正在学习。2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语I work in a computer firm. Every day I get up early in the morning. After breakfast, I go to work by bike.我在一家电脑公司工作。每天早上我都早早起床。早饭后,我骑自行车去上班。3.主语+系动词+表语My English is much better than before. I feel very happy. I am very grateful for your help.我的英语比以前好多了。我感到非常高兴。我非常感谢你的帮助。4.主语+谓语+宾语Tom met a difficult problem. I found a way and helped him.汤姆遇到了一个难题。我找到一个方法并帮助了他。5.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语I took an English exam yesterday. I had prepared for it for two weeks. Before
I turned in the paper, I checked it carefully. 昨天我参加了一场英语考试。
我为此准备了两周的时间。在上交试卷之前,我仔细地检查了一下。6.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语Mr. Smith has taught us English for 3 years. Yesterday was his 50th birthday.
Every one of us bought him a present and I even told him an interesting story. 史密斯先生教我们英语已经三年了。昨天是他50岁生日。我们每个人都
给他买了一个礼物,我甚至给他讲了一个有趣的故事。7.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语The old man had a lovely daughter. He named her Lily. He made her very happy every day and wanted her to become an artist.这个老人有一个可爱的女儿。他叫她莉莉。每天他都让她很高兴并且想让她成为一名艺术家。8.There be句型There are four teaching buildings, a library and a gym in our school, there are 36 classes in total, and there are 50 students on average in each class. 我们学校有四栋教学楼、一个图书馆、一个体育馆和36个教学班,平均每个班有50名学生。第一节　连接过渡整合连接词与过渡词语的使用是语言连贯性得以实现的基本手段。在句与句、段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接(过渡)性词语是非常必要的。写作中常用的过渡性词语归纳如下:一、表起始关系的过渡性词语first of all, to begin/start with, firstly, nowadays, currently, recently, generally (speaking), these days, with the development of, as far as I know, according to, above all, in one's opinion, by the way, when it comes to..., as sb. KnowFirst of all, let me ask you something.首先,让我问你一件事。As far as I know, the tickets are given away free. 据我所知, 这些票是免费发
放的。二、表平行、对等或选择关系的过渡性词语and, both...and..., as well (as), neither...nor..., or, either...or..., not only...but al-so..., not...but..., on the one hand...on the other hand..., for one thing...for an-other (thing)...They can neither read nor write. 他们不会读,也不会写。The outcome depends on conditions as well as how events unfold. 结果取决
于条件,还取决于事件的进展。三、表递进关系的过渡性词语what's more, moreover, furthermore, additionally, in addition, also, besides, still, what's worse, to make things/matters worse, worse still, even worseWorse still, most of these foods are loaded with fat, salt, and chemicals.更糟糕的是, 这些食品中的大多数富含脂肪、盐和化学成分。The young find everything so simple. The young, moreover, see it as their du-ty to be happy and do their best to be so. 年轻人觉得每件事都那么简单。而
且,他们把幸福视为自己的责任,并努力去实现幸福。四、表转折或让步关系的过渡性词语(al)though, but, while, yet, however, nevertheless, otherwise, despite, instead, on the contrary, in spite of, regardless of, even if/thoughIt isn't hot; on the contrary, it's cold. 天并不热。正相反,它(天气)很冷。There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. Nevertheless,
it is important that we try. 我们几乎没有可能改变法律。不过,重要的是我们努力争取。五、表解释说明或列举的过渡性词语for example, for instance, take...for example, such as, that is, as follows, namely, in other words, and so on, believe it or not, to tell the truth, to be hon-est, in this/that case, in particular, particularly, speciallyThe reasons are as follows. 理由如下。They will be concerned to do the right thing—to dress properly, for instance.他们需要注意行为是否恰当——比如说,穿着得体。六、表因果关系的过渡性词语because, as, since, for this reason, on account of, thanks to, for the sake of, due to, owing to, as a result, thus, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as a consequence (of)She gave up smoking for the sake of her health.为了身体健康,她戒了烟。She retired early on account of/because of/owing to/as a result of ill health.她由于身体不好而提早退休。七、表观点的过渡性词语in one's opinion/view, from one's point of view, as far as sb. be concerned, as
for..., personallyAs for us, we are fortunate. 对我们来说, 我们是幸运的。Personally, I prefer the second option. 就我个人而言,我倾向第二种选择。八、表总结的过渡性词语in short/brief/conclusion, in a word, to sum up, all in all, on the whole, in gen-eralTo sum up, there are three main ways of tackling the problem.概括起来说,这一问题主要有三种解决办法。On the whole, I'm in favour of the idea.大体说来,我赞成这个想法。九、表时间的过渡性词语开始at first, at the beginning of, in the beginning 然后after a while, afterwards, and then, later, after that, next, shortly after, the
next moment最终at last, at length, finally, eventually, in the end同时 at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhile过去 at that time, before, by that time, earlier, formerly, in the past现在 at present, presently, right now, nowadays, up to nowAfterwards, we picnicked on the riverbank. 之后,我们在河岸上野餐。Eventually our flight left five hours late.我们的班机最终晚了五个小时起飞。My first novel was rejected by six publishers. In the meantime I had written a
play.我的第一部小说遭到六家出版商的拒绝。其间我又完成了一部戏剧。十、表空间的过渡性词语before, behind, below, beneath, between, beyond, nearby, under, above, over,
on the right/left, in (the) front of, in the middle of, at the back of, at the bottom
of, opposite to, next to, on one side, on the other side, at the foot/end of The correct answers can be found at the bottom of page 8.正确答案在第8页末尾。He entered by the door opposite to that opening into the garden.他是从对着通向花园的那个口的门进来的。第三节　高级词汇增光考点清单写作中所谓的“高级词汇”指的是《课程标准》中有但课本中出现的频率不高而实际中经常用到,或《课程标准》中没有列入或没有识记要求,但在实际运用中却出现比较频繁的词汇(包括短语)。要让语言表达多样化,就要做到“人无我有,人有我优”。如果考生能恰当地运用此类词
汇,在写作中定会给评卷老师留下深刻的印象,提高书面表达的得分。下面把写作中常用的高级词汇做一下简单总结,希望对同学们的写作有所裨益。第五节　常用表达护航考点清单英语中有很多常用句式或表达对避免汉式英语、提升作文水平很有帮助。学生可以根据写作的实际需要合理采用地道表达,提升自己的表达层次和水平。1.(某事)……是……(1)说起来容易做起来难。It is easy to say but difficult to practice.(2)他获奖是最令人激动的消息。It was the most exciting news that he got the prize.2.渐渐开始主语+come to+动词原形通过团队合作,我渐渐喜欢上了他。I came to like him through teamwork.3.习惯做某事主语+make it a rule+to do sth.It is a rule with sb.+to do sth.过去的惯常行为:used to do sth.我习惯在傍晚的时候出去散步。I make it a rule to go out for a walk towards evening.It is a rule with me to go out for a walk towards evening.4.据说……;听说…… 据说运动会在月底举行。The sports meeting is said to be held at the end of the month.It is said that the sports meeting will be held at the end of the month.I am told that the sports meeting will be held at the end of the month.I hear that the sports meeting will be held at the end of the month.5.不明白(究竟……) I wonder+疑问词/if...(1)我不知道他要乘哪趟火车离开这里。 I wonder which train he will take to leave here.(2)我不知道他是否对这件事感兴趣。 I wonder/am wondering if he is interested in it.6.归功于……(A owes B to C)他把他的成功归功于你的努力。 He owes his success to your efforts.7.最佳的……是……打好英语作文基础的最佳途径就是阅读许多浅显易懂的书。The best way to lay the foundation of the English composition is to read many books that are easy to understand.One can lay the best foundation of the English composition by reading many books that are easy to understand.There is no better way to lay the foundation of the English composition than to read many books that are easy to understand.8.预计要……今年9月我们要搬到新校舍去。We are expected to move to the new schoolhouse in September this year.9.如此……以至于……这本书非常有趣,我把它读了一遍又一遍。This book is so interesting that I have read it again and again.This is such an interesting book that I have read it again and again.10.直到……才(开始)直到在国外旅行的时候,我才开始深深体会到语言不通是多么不方便。I didn't realize how inconvenient it was when one could not make oneself un-derstood until I traveled in a foreign country.I realized how inconvenient it was when one could not make oneself under-stood only after I traveled in a foreign country.11.对比议论(1)我同意这个计划。首先,建工厂会给人们提供不同的工作。其次,它可以省许多钱。最后,它不会对环境有太大危害。I agree to/am in favor of the plan.To begin/start with,the building of the facto-ry will provide people with different jobs.Secondly,it can save a lot of money.
Lastly/Finally,it won't do much harm to the environment.(2)我反对这个计划。一方面,它会占用学校太多的空间。另一方面,机器
的噪音会影响我们的教学工作。总之,我认为这不是个好计划。I don't agree to/am against the plan.On the one hand/For one thing,it will take up too much space of our school.On the other hand/For another(thing)/Also,the noise of the machines will have a bad effect on our teaching work.In a word,I don't think it is a good plan.12.介绍某地的地理位置、人口、占地面积等苏州位于……,占地……,人口……。Suzhou is located/is situated/lies...,covering an area of...,with a population of....13.表示原因 (1)就这一点而言,原因有三个。There are three reasons for this.(2)这件事的原因如下。The reasons for this are as follows.(3)这件事的原因是显而易见的。The reason for this is obvious.(4)这件事的原因不难找出。The reason for this is not far to seek.(5)这件事的原因是……。The reason for this is that....(6)我们有理由相信……。We have reason to believe that....14.用于句首提出问题或现象的句型(1)Recently,...has become the focus of the society.(2)...has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life.(3)Nowadays there is a growing concern for...(4)Nowadays it is common to hear/see...(5)Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the serious-ness of...(6)It is only during the last/past few years that man has become generally aware that...(7)There is an old/a popular saying/proverb which says/goes...(8)In recent years,there is a general tendency...(9)Nowadays...has become a problem we have to face.