2022届高考英语一轮复习话题练 第18练 热点话题（解析版）

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习话题练 第18练 热点话题（解析版），共7页。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Since he tk(take) up the pst，he has been absrbed in dealing with varius freign affairs.
2．The phtgrapher imagined there existed anther planet with cnditins similar t thse n earth.
3．China Daily cvers bth the natinal and internatinal news s that I can knw mre abut the wrld and braden my hrizns by reading it.
4．With mre and mre Chinese cmpanies “grwing glbal”，they have made mre Chinese vice heard(hear) verseas.
5．News is a fresh reprt f events，facts r pinins that peple d nt knw befre they read yur stry.
6．The best reprt is ne that has the greatest interest f the largest number f peple.
7．The survey cnducted(cnduct) by that cmpany shws there is an increase in custmer satisfactin this year.
8．There is n dubt that ur educatinal(educatin) system leaves t much t be desired.
9．The pliceman put dwn the phne，satisfied(satisfy) with a smile n his face.
10．Envirnmental prblems are discussed(discuss) quite frequently in the news these days.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
11．This is a matter f life and death—a matter n cuntry can affrd eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) ignre.
12．In the curse f the activity，the students in ur schl put n a variety eq \f(in,f) clrful perfrmances.
13．Nt nly eq \f(did,des) it enable us t get rid f the pressure frm ur study but als it inspires us t wrk hard.
14．I will give yu a vivid accunt f eq \f(that,what) has happened in the past few weeks.
15．Many airlines nw allw passengers t print their barding passes nline t save their eq \f(value,valuable) time.
16．I’m delighted t learn that yur nvel eq \f(had,has) been a best seller since it was published.
能力提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2021·河南洛阳高三期中)
A heart­stpping vide shws that a grup f hikers were able t keep their cl as a curius black bear apprached them—and ne even stayed cmpsed enugh t snap a selfie(自拍)．
The black bear pulls ne f the wmen by the leg with its paws(爪子)，mving twards her acrss the path as she tries t remain cmpletely still.When the frightening animal stands up n its legs t smell her，the fearless walker can be seen taking a pht with the wild animal as it breathes dwn her neck.
The incident is reprted t have happened n a path in Chipinque Eclgical Park，Mexic，and the clip (剪辑片段) has had millins f views since being shared n scial media.With the bear particularly interested in ne member f the grup，anther walker remains frzen with her back t the animal as she stares still int the trees.
A third can be seen nervusly fearing as the bear begins t apprach her and shakes her hand in fear，but it circles back arund t check ut the first hiker fr a secnd time.It pushes her ff balance with its head befre twice pawing at her legs as nlkers shut t try and warn the bear ff.
The wman remains fearless as the animal isn’t int her and cntinues walking up the path，giving the grup an pprtunity t make a swift exit.
It was shared n Twitter by frmer basketball player Rex Chapman，getting 2.7 millin views，with the captin：“Oh，my gdness.She’s a rck.”
1．What des the underlined wrd “cmpsed” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Afraid. B．Cnfused.
C．Disappinted. D．Calm.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，破折号前提到了这群人“保持冷静”，因此可推测后句的cmpsed 应表示同义。故选D项。
2．When did the wman take a pht with the bear exactly?
A．On seeing the black bear.
B．On the bear’s pulling her leg.
C．On the bear’s smelling her.
D．On the bear’s seeing her.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，当那只熊站起来闻她气味时，那个女士拍了照片。故选C项。
3．Why did the bear leave?
A．It was frightened. B．It was hungry.
C．It gt injured. D．It lst interest.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的内容可知，熊离开是因为它不喜欢那名女子。由此可推知，熊对她已经失去了兴趣。故选D项。
4．Frm which is the text mst prbably taken?
A．A newspaper. B．A health magazine.
C．A research reprt. D．A brchure.
答案 A
解析 文章出处题。根据文章第三段的内容可知，这是一篇新闻报道。文章的内容也符合新闻报道的要素——时间，地点，人物，事件等。故这篇文章应来自报纸。故选A项。
B
High schl bilgy teacher Kelly Chavis knew smartphnes were a prblem in her class.But nt even the students realized hw much f a prblem the devices were until Chavis did an in­class experiment.
Fr ne class perid，students used a whitebard t cunt every Snapchat，Instagram，text，call that appeared n their phnes.Chavis is amng a grwing number f teachers，parents and health experts wh believe that smartphnes are nw partly t blame fr increasing the levels f student anxiety.“One girl，just during the ne hur，gt clse t 150 Snapchat ntificatins.150！” she said.
Jean Twenge，a psychlgy prfessr at San Dieg State University in Califrnia，said it is nt a cincidence that yuth mental health issues have risen with the number f phnes.“This use f phnes has led t a lss f sleep and face­t­face interactins necessary fr their grwth，” she said.
Researchers are still nt sure whether phnes cause student depressin r depressin causes phne use.But nearly 60 percent f parents said they wrry abut the influence f scial media n their child’s physical and mental health.
Bth schls and parents are starting t take steps t deal with the prblem.Many public schls pay utside cmpanies t watch students’ scial media activity fr signs f anxiety.Other schls invite in yga teachers and cmfrt dgs t help calm students.
5．What’s the purpse f Chavis’s experiment?
A．T see hw many students have smartphnes.
B．T find ut hw ppular her students are.
C．T shw smartphnes influence teenagers greatly.
D．T tell her students hw t use smartphnes wisely.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But nt even the students realized hw much f a prblem the devices were until Chavis did an in­class experiment.”和下文可知，查维斯的实验目的是说明手机对青少年的影响很大，故选C项。
6．Hw did Kelly Chavis feel abut the result?
A．Shcked. B．Excited.
C．Satisfied. D．Frightened.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘One girl，just during the ne hur，gt clse t 150 Snapchat ntificatins.150！’ she said.”可知，查维斯对于实验的结果是非常震惊的，故选A项。
7．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t Jean Twenge?
A．Students are nw under great stress.
B．Students spend t much mney n smartphnes.
C．Over­using phnes can cause drps in students’ grades.
D．Over­using phnes may harm students’ bdy and mind.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的“ is nt a cincidence that yuth mental health issues have risen with the number f phnes.”可知，Jean Twenge认为过度使用手机可能会伤害学生的身心。故选D项。
8．What might be talked abut if the passage is cntinued?
A．Hw ther schls deal with students’ phnes.
B．Whether the ways t handle phnes are effective.
C．Hw sme parents deal with their children’s phnes.
D．Whether students are willing t give up using phnes.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，学校和家长都开始采取措施处理这个问题，紧接着讨论的是学校采取的措施，那么接下来可能会讨论的问题是一些父母如何处理他们孩子的手机。故选C项。
Ⅳ.语法填空
The wrld’s cities are getting mre and mre crwded.Cities such as Tky and Shanghai 1._________(cnsider) “mega­cities”，because 2. their big size and huge ppulatins.There are tw main reasns why cities are becming s crwded.
First，the primary cause f cities 3. (becme) s crwded is ecnmic.As a cuntry develps，its cities becme the engines f develpment，thus jbs are available in these areas.Fr example，Tky was the mtr fr Japan’s ecnmic bm in the 1960’s and 70’s；as 4._________result，its ppulatin increased 5. (rapid)．Peple mved t Tky because they culd find emplyment there.
Secnd，anther 6. (cntribute) factr is scicultural.Thusands f peple mve t the cities nt nly fr jbs but als fr educatinal and persnal reasns.The better universities in big cities attract thusands f students every year，and mst f them chse 7. (wrk) in the city after graduatin.Mrever，yung peple will mve t the city as the rural areas are mre 8._________(traditin)．Therefre，yung peple believe this is a barrier t their persnal freedm.
In 9. (cnclude)，ecnmic and cultural factrs are the majr causes f huge urban ppulatin.Peple will always mve t the areas 10. prvide pprtunity and freedm.
eq \x(语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了大城市人口众多的原因。)
1．答案 are cnsidered
解析 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语cities和cnsider之间是被动关系，故该句应用被动语态；且该句描述的是现在的事实，故用一般现在时。主语cities是复数，谓语动词用复数。故填are cnsidered。
2．答案 f
解析 考查介词。固定搭配because f意为“因为”，后接表原因的名词短语作宾语，故填f。
3．答案 becming
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，此处是动名词的复合结构作介词f的宾语。故填becming。
4．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。固定搭配as a result意为“结果”，故填a。
5．答案 rapidly
解析 考查词性转换。副词rapidly意为“迅速地”，修饰动词increased作状语。故填rapidly。
6．答案 cntributing/cntributry
解析 考查词性转换。形容词cntributing意为“贡献的，起作用的”，形容词cntributry意为“促进的，起作用的”，均可修饰名词factr作定语，且都符合句意。故填cntributing/cntributry。
7．答案 t wrk
解析 考查非谓语动词。chse t d sth.意为“选择做某事”，为固定搭配。故填t wrk。
8．答案 traditinal
解析 考查词性转换。形容词traditinal意为“传统的”，比较级是mre traditinal，该空作be动词后的表语，用形容词，故填traditinal。
9．答案 cnclusin
解析 考查词性转换。固定搭配in cnclusin意为“总之，综上所述”，空处应填cnclude的名词形式cnclusin。
10．答案 which/that
解析 考查定语从句。这是一个定语从句，先行词是areas，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，因此应用关系代词that或which。
Ⅰ.话题词汇总结
1．vide n．视频
2．apprach v．靠近，接近 n．接近；方法
3．incident n．事件，小事
4．media n．媒体
5．smartphne n．智能手机
6．device n．设备
7．mental n．精神的
8．depressin n．沮丧；消沉
9．crwded adj.拥挤的
10．available adj.可得到的，可利用的；可会面的
联想 常用的和热点话题有关的词汇还有：
1．dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的
2．agreement n．协议；同意
3．attentin n．注意
4．expse v．暴露；使接触
5．behalf n．代表
6．launch v．& n．发射；发起
7．fund n．基金；专款；资金 v．为……提供资金，资助
8．cnference n．会议
9．mvement n．运动；活动
10．brighten v．使明亮；变开心
话题微写作——根据所给的汉语及以上词汇，完成下面的小短文。
正如视频中展示的那样，在会议上达成了协议。政府应该给这个组织发起的运动提供资金。史密斯先生代表政府提到了几个应对青少年精神问题的方法。
As is shwn in the vide，the agreement was reached in the cnference.The gvernment shuld fund the mvement which was launched by the rganizatin.On behalf f the gvernment，Mr Smith als mentined several appraches t dealing with mental prblems f teenagers.
Ⅱ.长难句分析
When the frightening animal stands up n its legs t smell her，the fearless walker can be seen taking a pht with the wild animal as it breathes dwn her neck.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。 the fearless walker can be seen taking a pht with the wild animal 为主句，在主句中taking a pht with the wild animal作主语补足语，when引导时间状语从句。as引导时间状语从句。
[自主翻译] 当那个可怕的动物站起来嗅她的时候，可以看到这个一点也不害怕的徒步者正跟野生动物拍照，而此时这个动物在顺着她的脖子往下呼气。
[仿写运用] 当疲惫不堪的医生回到家时，他看到他80岁的母亲由他妻子照顾得很好。
When the tired dctr returned hme，his 80­year­ld mther culd be seen taken gd care f by his wife.语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了网络上的一段视频：一只好奇的黑熊靠近一群徒步旅行者，其中的一名旅行者还和黑熊拍了自拍照。
语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。作者通过凯利·查维斯的课堂实验展示了智能手机对学生的影响，并引用一些专业人士的观点来支持个人的论证，继而说明了学校就学生使用手机问题采取的措施。