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2021年广东省广州市增城区中考一模英语试题（word版 含答案）
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这是一份2021年广东省广州市增城区中考一模英语试题（word版 含答案），共22页。试卷主要包含了未知，完型填空，阅读单选，补全短文5选5，完成句子，书信作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021年广东省广州市增城区中考一模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、未知
Terry was a rich man’s son. Next to his door lived _________ hardworking blacksmith（铁匠）whose name was Jones. Every day, Terry liked to come to watch how the blacksmith worked _________ hours.
“Young man, what about _________ to make shoe tacks（鞋钉）, even if it is only to kill the time?” said Jones. “One day, it may be of use to you.”
The boy began to see _________ he could do. After _________ practice, he found that he was becoming very _________ and soon he was making some of the finest tacks.
Terry’s father died and he had to sell everything because of the war. He left home and _________ to move to another country in a village. It so happened that in this village there were many shoemakers _________ were spending a lot of money buying tacks for their shoes _________ in that part of the country there was a high demand（需求）for soldiers’ shoes.
Terry, who was finding it difficult __________ his daily bread, remembered that once upon a time he had learned the art of making tacks and he went to talk with shoemakers. He told them that he __________ make the finest tacks. The shoemakers agreed and Terry’s life was much __________ .
"__________ funny it seems!" he used to say, "Even making tacks can make money. Thanks to Jones. Without __________ , I can’t imagine what my life __________ like now."
1．A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．A．to B．since C．for D．from
3．A．learn B．learned C．learns D．learning
4．A．that B．what C．why D．where
5．A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
6．A．skill B．skills C．skillfully D．skilled
7．A．forces B．forced C．was forced D．has forced
8．A．which B．who C．when D．whose
9．A．because B．so C．whether D．unless
10．A．earn B．to earn C．earning D．to earning
11．A．should B．need C．must D．could
12．A．good B．well C．better D．best
13．A．How B．How a C．What D．What a
14．A．he B．him C．his D．himself
15．A．is B．was C．will be D．had been
Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent（帐篷）in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they c16． a meal over a fire. They were all hungry and the food smelled good. After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang s17． by the campfire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys quickly ran into their tent. Their sleeping bags were w18． and comfortable, so the all fell asleep very soon. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began to s19． . The tent was full of water! They all rushed out of their sleeping bags. It was raining h20． and they found that a stream had formed in the field.
二、完型填空
Over recent years, letter writing has been replaced by other ways of communicating. Technology has 21 so fast that we now expect to be able to see people at any time and get response 22 . Rather than put pen to paper, it feels much more natural for us to send text messages and emails.
It is true that these modern ways of communicating have their own 23 . We can talk to people all over the world even in a few 24 . Communicating with people by sending text messages or emails can help us save time and receive a 25 as soon as possible. We can also 26 mistakes in our emails before sending them. But if we make a mistake in a letter, we have to cross it out or start again.
But have you ever thought about what we are losing? Yes, we are 27 about the art of letter writing.
Almost everybody would say that reading a hand-written from a friend is 28 . When you know someone has spent the time writing a letter for you, especially a birthday letter, there’s something very 29 in your heart.
On the other hand, not only the person receiving the letter will benefit from a lovely envelope（信封）, but also the writer himself. When we know we’re doing something that will make our friends very happy, we feel good about ourselves, too.
In addition, writing a letter can 30 your language skills and you can also learn some new expressions.
21．A．reached B．developed C．moved D．connected
22．A．luckily B．suddenly C．actually D．immediately
23．A．challenges B．advantages C．difficulties D．problems
24．A．seconds B．hours C．days D．weeks
25．A．gift B．smile C．reply D．greeting
26．A．correct B．admit C．deny D．make
27．A．learning B．caring C．forgetting D．worrying
28．A．awful B．difficult C．humorous D．enjoyable
29．A．clever B．special C．interesting D．useful
30．A．copy B．check C．reduce D．improve
三、阅读单选
It was 3: 21 a. m. when nine-year-old Tom awoke to the smell of burning. Except for the cracking（爆烈声）of fire somewhere below there was not a sound in the two-storey house.
With his father away on night duty at a local factory, Tom was worried about the safety of his mother, his sister Karen. 14 and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen and Todd until they sat up. Then he helped each one through the house to the safety of the garden, There, his sister and brother, taking short and quick breaths and coughing, lying on the grass.
The nine-year-old boy ran back into the house and upstairs to his mother’s room. He found it was impossible to wake her up. His mother, breathing in too much smoke, was unconscious and there was nobody to help Tom carry her to the garden. But the boy stayed calm and, as a fireman said later, “acted with all the self-control of a trained adult.”
On the bedroom telephone, luckily still working. Tom called his father and, leaving his father to telephone the firemen and ambulance service, got on saving his mother.
First, he filled a bucket with water from the bathroom and threw water over his mother and her bed. Then, with a wet cloth around his head he went back to the garden.
He could hear the fire engine coming up, but how would the firemen find his mother in the smoke-filled house where fire had almost swallowed up the ground floor?
Getting a ball of string（线）from the garage. Tom ran back into the house and rushed upstairs to his mother’s room. Tying one end of the string to her hand, he ran back, laying out the string as he went, through the hall and back out into the garden.
Minutes later, he was telling fire chief John, “The string will lead you to mother.” His mother was carried to safety as the fire were breaking through her bedroom floor.
31．Why did Tom run downstairs first?
A．He wanted to save his sister and brother.
B．He was worried about his mother’s safety.
C．He wanted to find out what was happening.
D．He went to see if his father had come back from work.
32．The underlined word “unconscious” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A．fearless B．surprised C．senseless D．frightened
33．What is the correct order of Tom’s action?
a. He tied the string to her mother’s hand.
b. He helped his sister and brother to a safe place.
c. He made a phone call to his father.
d. He smelled something unusual
e. He poured some water over his mother.
A．b-d-c-a-e B．d-b-c-e-a C．c-d-b-a-e D．b-d-c-e-a
34．From the passage, we know that ________.
A．Tom learned something about first aid
B．Tom followed his mother’s instructions
C．Tom’s father taught him to do so on the phone
D．Tom dealt with the emergency calmly and wisely
Many ways have been taken to fight food waste, but one young man is making a big difference with technology.
Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini-program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or buy meals for children in poor areas.
Liu and his team, together with other organizations, began the “Clear Your Plate” campaign（行动）in November for the third year. It has swept over 1,017 universities across the country.
The one-month campaign attracted almost 1. 6 million students and some other people and collectively reduced food waste by 862 tons and carbon emissions（碳排放）by 3,337 tons, the China Youth Daily reported.
The idea to develop such a mini-program came from Liu’s experience in a canteen. In 2017, he found that a restaurant would give diners who finished off their food a card and offer small gifts after a certain number of cards had been collected.
“Technological innovation（创新）is a good way to reduce food waste.” Liu thought. He organized a team of 20 members to work on the project at the end of 2017. To solve the AI’s problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018, the mini-program was officially put into operation on October 16, World Food Day. They then began a campaign later that year.
“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the young people by encouraging them to value their food and develop the habit of saving,” Liu said. “Through the campaign, we hope to encourage everyone to take action against food waste and to contribute（作贡献）Chinese wisdom and solutions to world food security challenges.” he added.
35．Why is the mini-program so popular among the students?
A．Students can get something in return.
B．Students can take pictures after a meal.
C．The mini-program can recognize the students’ images.
D．The mini-program provides the students with some meals.
36．What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Tsinghua University B．the technology
C．the organization D．the “Clear Your Plate” campaign
37．How did Liu have the idea to develop such a mini-program?
A．He got it from some photos.
B．He got it from The China Youth Daily.
C．He learned it from a restaurant.
D．He learned it from Tsinghua University.
38．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Liu hopes to develop the mini-program.
B．Liu worries about the world’s food security problems.
C．Liu has helped young people form the habit of saving food.
D．Liu is glad that everyone has taken action against food waste.
Now, cities large and small often have remains of earlier historic streets and sidewalk pavements（人行道）. Yet they often go unprotected even when they may be older than neighbouring historic buildings that have enjoyed protection for tens of years.
There are many reasons to protect historic pavements—culture value, economics, environmental benefits and public safety. Pavements represented an important step in the modernization of city environments in the 19th century.
Before the laying of pavement, streets of dirt caused many problems to citizens, especially in wet weather when they became muddy, which brought much trouble to people’s life.
To solve the problem, cities experimented with a wide range of materials in an attempt to balance durability（耐用性）economics, sources of materials and noise considerations.
The earliest pavements in many cities were made of rounded stones. They were cheap and durable, but rough and noisy. Loose stone pavements were cheap and smooth, but not very durable. Wood also appeared in the 1850s as a popular choice—smooth, quiet and affordable, but not very durable.
In many cities and towns, brick（砖）streets are the only historic pavements that have survived. This fact covers up the truth of pavement experimentation between the 1850s and 1920s, when a city could use up to a dozen different paving materials at the same time! Indeed, each city developed a unique（独特的）"pavement identity" in the materials chosen and the way they were laid.
It is easy to think of the past when seeing historic pavements, as recalling "old world" city qualities. However, they are more similar to the early high buildings and parks-important city features that showed the modernization of the city. At a time when cities are becoming increasingly. similar, such pavements also help define an important sense of place.
39．What is the present situation of historic pavements?
A．Being highly valued as cultural buildings.
B．Failing to represent modem environments.
C．Being brought back to its former glory（辉煌）.
D．Failing to receive protection they should get.
40．Why was the first pavement built in history?
A．To help develop the local economy.
B．To bring convenience to people's life.
C．To develop a unique “pavement identity”.
D．To prevent earth from being washed away.
41．What is mainly talked about in Paragraphs 4-6?
A．Different experiments on city identity.
B．Popularity of different paving materials.
C．Development of pavements of different materials.
D．Advantages and disadvantages of stone pavements.
42．What's the purpose of this passage?
A．To protect the historic pavements.
B．To tell ways of building pavements.
C．To show the modernization of the city.
D．To introduce the history of the pavements.
Food Festivals around the world
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ lane（跑道）. The first prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos（disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones）.
Fiery Fonds Festival-The Hottest Festival on Earth
Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction-food that is not just spicy, but hot enough to make your mouth bum, your head spin and your eyes water. The Fiery Food and BBQ Festival is held over a period of three days every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper-the hottest pepper in the world-or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing’s for sure-if you don’t like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn’t for you!
La Tomatina-The World’s Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts La Tomatina-the world’s largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes-official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd. The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back.
43．In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must________.
A．kick or throw their cheese
B．roll a wooden cheese in their own lane
C．wear different kinds of formal clothes
D．use a real cheese weighing about four kilos
44．How long does the celebration of La Tomatina last?
A．Seven days. B．Three days. C．Two weeks. D．More than half an hour.
45．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．La Tomatina takes place at the beginning of August every year.
B．More than 10,000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
C．Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
D．The first prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is a 2-kilo Stilton cheese.
四、补全短文5选5
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 46． But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 47． This passage is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
48． Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 49． When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the fridge if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as delicious as the fresh one.
50． The easiest is to steam it. First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices（调料）. Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.
A．Do not buy it.
B．It just requires a little knowledge.
C．When buying fish, you should first smell it.
D．There are many common methods used to cook fish.
E.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
五、完成句子
51．有些人依靠报纸了解世界正在发生的事情。
Some people ________ newspapers to learn about what is happening around the world.
52．虽然已经很晚了，志愿者们仍在敬老院做义工。
________ it is late, the volunteers ________ still ________ volunteer work in the nursing home.
53．从城市的每个角落都能看到这座建筑物。
The building ________ ________ ________ from every corner of the city.
54．这只小狗太可爱了!
________ ________ ________ dog it is!
55．他还没决定什么时候离开广州。
He hasn’t decided ________ ________ ________ ________ Guangzhou.
六、书信作文
56． 中国是一个有着五千多年历史的国家，在民间流传着许多传统的艺术和文化，请你写一篇英文短文，向外国友人介绍下面两种传统艺术，要求包含以下要点。
中国结（Chinese knot）
材料：丝线（silk thread）
颜色：红色
形状：像花、动物等
离意：带来好运
剪纸
材料：纸和剪刀（scissors）
特点：剪出各种图案
用途：张贴在门、窗等
寓意：表达喜悦
1.你对传统艺术的看法（请补充）
2.你的期望（请补充）
Dear Sam,
I’m glad to hear from you. You said you had great interest in Chinese traditional culture. Now let me tell you something about it…
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．D
4．B
5．D
6．D
7．C
8．B
9．A
10．B
11．D
12．C
13．A
14．B
15．A
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。描述了一个富人的儿子向铁匠学习做鞋钉，战争爆发后，他被迫逃到其他国家，通过做鞋钉让自己的生活变得更好起来。
1．
句意：他的隔壁住着一个叫做Jones的努力工作的铁匠。
a一个（用于辅音音素前）；an一个（用于元音音素前）；the特指。此处指一个努力工作的铁匠，表泛指，且hardworking以辅音音素开头，其前应加不定冠词a。故选A。
2．
句意：每天Terry都喜欢来看铁匠是如何工作好几个小时的。
to到；since自从；for+一段时间，多久，多长时间；from从。根据空格后“hours”可知是一段时间，for hours表示好几个小时。故选C。
3．
句意：年轻人学习制作鞋钉怎么样，即使它只是在消磨你的时间。
learn学习（动词原形）；learned学习（动词过去时）；learns学习（一般现在时单三）；learning学习（动名词）。根据空格前“about”是介词，可知后面的动词要用动名词。故选D。
4．
句意：这个男孩开始看他可以做什么。
that那个；what什么；why为什么；where哪里。分析句子可知，此处缺少宾语从句引导词，同时此空要做“do”的宾语，翻译成“什么”。故选B。
5．
句意：在几次练习之后。
few几乎没有（修饰可数名词复数）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）；little几乎没有（修饰不可数名词）；a little一些（修饰不可数名词）。根据下文“soon he was making some of the finest tacks”可推测出他是练习了几次，排除选项A和C，又因为“practice”是不可数名词。故选D。
6．
句意：他发现自己变得非常熟练。
skill技巧（名词）；skills技巧（名词复数）；skillfully巧妙地（副词）；skilled熟练的（形容词）。根据此空前“becoming”是系动词可知，此空后应是形容词或名词做表语，根据“ soon he was making some of the finest tacks”可推测此处他变得非常熟练。故选D。
7．
句意：他离开了家乡被迫搬到了另一个国家的一个小村庄。
forces强迫（一般现在时）；forced强迫（一般过去时）；was forced被强迫（一般过去时的被动）；has forced已经强迫（现在完成时）。分析句子可知，时态是一般过去式，此处主语“He”和谓语动词“force”是动宾关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
8．
句意：巧的是在这个村子里有许多需要花钱买鞋钉的鞋匠。
which哪个；who谁；when什么时候；whose谁的。分析句子可知，此处缺少一个定语从句引导词；定语从句中缺少主语，用关系代词；先行词“shoemakers ”是人， 所以用who。故选B。
9．
句意：因为在那个国家的那个地区士兵对鞋的需求是非常高的
because因为；so所以；whether是否；unless除非。分析句子可知，此处缺少一个状语从句引导词，根据“in that part of the country there was a high demand（需求）for soldiers’ shoes.”可知，是在对很多鞋匠花钱买鞋钉的行为进行解释，可推测出此处表示原因。故选A。
10．
句意：Terry发现赚取日常需要的面包是非常难的。
earn赚得，动词原形；to earn赚得，动词不定式；earning赚得，现在分词或动名词；to earning赚得（to是介词）。分析句子可知，此处是“find it+adj+to do sth.发现做某事是……”句型。故选B。
11．
句意：他告诉他们他可以做最好的鞋钉。
should应该；need需要；must必须；could能够，可以。根据上文“soon he was making some of the finest tacks.”可知，他已经能够做出好的鞋钉了，可推测出此处表达他能够做出最好的鞋钉。故选D。
12．
句意：鞋匠们同意了，然后Terry的生活变得更好了。
good好；well好；better更好；best最好。根据前文可知Terry生活很困难，但是他会做鞋钉，并且有很多鞋匠需要鞋钉，可推测出Terry的生活变的比以前好了。故选C。
13．
句意：他多去常常说它看起来多么有意思啊！
How多么，如何；How a多么；What多么，什么；What a多么。分析句子可知，此处是感叹句“How+adj./adv.+主谓！”结构。故选A。
14．
句意：没有他，我无法想象我现在的生活会是什么样子。
he他（主格）；him他（宾格）；his他的（形容词性物主代词）；himself他自己（反身代词）。根据前文可知，此处他指的是铁匠Jones，并且作介词without的宾语。故选B。
15．
句意：没有他，我无法想象我现在的生活会是什么样子。
is是（一般现在时）；was是（一般过去时）；will be将是（一般将来时）；had been已经是（过去完成时）。根据此空后“now”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故选A。
16．(c)ooked
17．(s)ongs
18．(w)arm
19．(s)hout
20．(h)eavily
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一些男孩傍晚时分在田野里野餐，玩得很开心，半夜开始下暴雨，他们的帐篷到处都是水的故事。
16．
句意：他们在火上做饭。空格处缺少动词作谓语；根据下文“They were all hungry and the food smelled good”可知，他们在火堆上做饭，cook“烹饪”，根据时间词Late in the afternoon，可知时态是一般过去时，故动词用过去式。故填(c)ooked。
17．
句意：他们在篝火旁讲故事，唱歌。空格处缺少名词作宾语；根据动词sang“唱”，可知他们在篝火旁唱歌，song“歌曲”，是可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填(s)ongs。
18．
句意：他们的睡袋暖和又舒服。空格处缺少形容词作表语，根据下文“so the all fell asleep very soon.”可知，外面下雨，但是他们的睡袋暖和又舒服，所以他们很快就睡着了，warm“暖和的”。故填(w)arm。
19．
句意：两个男孩醒了开始大叫。begin to do sth.“开始做某事”，空格处缺少动词原形，根据下文“The tent was full of water!”可知，指两个男孩醒了发现帐篷里都是水，所以开始大叫，shout“大叫”。故填(s)hout。
20．
句意：正在下暴雨，他们发现田野里已经形成一条小溪了。空格处缺少副词修饰动词rain，根据“they found that a stream had formed in the field.”可知，雨下得很大，所以田野里已经形成一条小溪了，heavily“严重的”。故填(h)eavily。
21．B
22．D
23．B
24．A
25．C
26．A
27．C
28．D
29．B
30．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容：近年来，写信这种方式逐渐被现代沟通方式所替代。虽然现代沟通方式的确有其优点，但是我们也因为少写信而失去了一些东西，比如：阅读一封手写信的愉悦感，因朋友收到美丽的信封感到开心而开心，写作时语言能力的提高等。
21．
句意：科技发展如此之快，我们现在期望能够在任何时候看到人们并立即得到回应。
reached到达；developed发展；moved移动；connected连接。根据下文“…we now expect to be able to see people at any time …”可知，我们如今期望能在任何时候都能见到想见的人们，之所以能有这样的期望也是因为科技发展快速得能支撑起我们的期望。故选B。
22．
句意：科技发展如此之快，我们现在期望能够在任何时候看到人们并立即得到回应。
luckily幸运地；suddenly突然；actually事实上；immediately立刻，马上。根据上文“…we now expect to be able to see people at any time …”可知，我们如今期望能在任何时候都能见到想见的人们，也就是说科技发展使得人们的生活更加快捷和便利，由此可知此处得到回应也应是立刻得到的。故选D。
23．
句意：诚然，这些现代的交流方式有自己的优势。
challenges挑战；advantages优点；difficulties困难；problems问题。根据下文“…sending text messages or emails can help us save time…”可知，发送短信和邮件能节省时间，由此可推测此段应都是在介绍现代交流方式的优点。故选B。
24．
句意：我们甚至可以在几秒钟内与全世界的人交谈。
seconds秒；hours小时；days天；weeks周。根据日常生活经验可知，通过现代的交流工具，我们可以在几秒内和世界各地的人进行交流。故选A。
25．
句意：通过发送短信或电子邮件与人交流可以帮助我们节省时间并尽快收到回复。
gift礼物；smile微笑；reply回复；greeting打招呼。根据“sending text messages or emails”和“receive ”可知，前半句提及发送短信和邮件，再结合下半句的动词“receive（收到）”可知，此处应是收到短信或邮件的回复的意思。故选C。
26．
句意：我们也可以在发送邮件之前纠正邮件中的错误。
correct纠正，改正；admit承认；deny否认；make制作。根据下文“But if we make a mistake in a letter, we have to cross it out or start again.”可知，此处提及了写信时纠正错字的方式，由此可知此句应是介绍发送邮件时纠正错字的方式。故选A。
27．
句意：是的，我们逐渐忘记了写信的艺术。
learning学习；caring关心；forgetting忘记；worrying担心。根据上文“But have you ever thought about what we are losing? ”可知，我们现在正逐渐失去一些东西，再结合“the art of letter writing”可知，上文的“失去东西”也就是此处的“忘记”写信的艺术。故选C。
28．
句意：几乎每个人都会说，读朋友的手写信是一种享受。
awful糟糕的；difficult困难的；humorous幽默的；enjoyable令人愉快的。根据日常生活经验可知，写一封手写信比发送短信或邮件要费心思得多，所以当阅读手写信时能感受到写信人对自己的用心，这应是令人愉悦的。故选D。
29．
句意：当你知道有人花时间给你写了一封信，特别是一封生日信，你的心里就有一种特别的感受。
clever聪明的；special特别的；interesting有趣的；useful有用的。根据“When you know someone has spent the time writing a letter for you…”可知，当你知道有人愿意给你花时间写信的话，你应是会感受到自己在对方心里的特别。故选B。
30．
句意：此外，写信可以提高你的语言能力，还可以学习一些新的表达方式。
copy复制；check检查；reduce减少；improve提升。写信类似于写作文，不断写信就是不断地练习写作，所以这能提高人的语言能力。故选D。
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一个九岁的孩子Tom在家里发生火灾后，冷静从容地拯救了哥哥姐姐和妈妈的故事。
31．
推理判断题。根据文中“With his father away on night duty at a local factory, Tom was worried about the safety of his mother, his sister Karen. 14 and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen and Todd until they sat up.”可知，Tom先跑下楼是因为他想救他的姐姐和哥哥。故选A。
32．
词句猜测题。根据前句“He found it was impossible to wake her up. His mother, breathing in too much smoke,”可知，叫醒妈妈是不可能的，故推测出他的妈妈应是“无意识的，senseless”。故选C。
33．
细节理解题。通读全文可知，Tom的行动顺序是：(d)when nine-year-old Tom awoke to the smell of burning.他闻到了不寻常的味道；(b)Tom was worried about the safety of his mother, his sister Karen. 14 and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen and Todd until they sat up.他把他的兄弟姐妹带到了一个安全的地方；(c)Tom called his father and, leaving his father to telephone the firemen and ambulance service, got on saving his mother.他给他父亲打了个电话；(e)First, he filled a bucket with water from the bathroom and threw water over his mother and her bed. 他在他妈妈身上泼了点水；(a)Tying one end of the string to her hand, 他把绳子绑在她母亲的手上。故选B。
34．
细节理解题。根据第三段“But the boy reminded calm and, as a fireman said later, “acted with all the self-control of a trained adult.””可知，Tom冷静而明智地处理了紧急情况。故选D。
35．A
36．D
37．C
38．D
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了清华大学的学生，23岁的柳济琛开发了一款名为“关盘打卡”的小程序，用技术创新来帮助减少粮食浪费。
35．
细节理解题。根据文中“After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the Al, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or buy meals for children in poor areas.”可知，这个小程序可以收集积分，用来给贫困地区的儿童买礼物，因此用这个程序学生可得到回报。故选A。
36．
词句猜测题。根据文中“Liu and his team, together with other organizations, began the “Clear Your Plate” campaign（行动）in November for the third year.”可知，此处是“清盘运动”已经席卷全国1017个大学。故选D。
37．
细节理解题。根据文中“The idea to develop such a mini-program came from Liu’s experience in a canteen.”可知，这个想法来自于他在一个餐馆的经历。故选C。
38．
段落大意题。根据最后一段““We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the young people by encouraging them to value their food and develop the habit of saving,” Liu said. “Through the campaign, we hope to encourage everyone to take action against food waste and to contribute（作贡献）Chinese wisdom and solutions to world food security challenges.” he added.”可知，刘很高兴大家都对食物浪费采取了行动。选项D符合题意，故选D。
39．B
40．B
41．C
42．A
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是古建筑人行道的保护和历史，并呼吁其应该得到保护。
39．
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“ Yet they often go unprotected even when they may be older than neighbouring historic buildings that have enjoyed protection for tens of years.”然而，尽管它们比周围那些享受了十来年保护的历史建筑还要古老，但是它们却没有得到保护。可知历史人行道尽管比一些得到保护的建筑古老得多，但它们还是没有得到应得的保护。故选B。
40．
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Before the laying of pavement, streets of dirt caused many problems to citizens, especially in wet weather when they became muddy, which brought much trouble to people’s life.”在铺人行道之前，泥泞的街道给市民造成了很多问题，尤其是在潮湿的天气它们变得泥泞的时候，这给人们带来麻烦。可知本段论述了没有人行道的状况，道路泥泞阻碍出行，反过来可知修建人行道就是为了解决通行问题，便利生活，故选B。
41．
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“To solve the problem, cities experimented with a wide range of materials in an attempt to balance durability（耐用性）economics, sources of materials and noise considerations.”为了解决这个问题，各城市实验了各种各样的材料，试图在耐用性，经济，材料来源和噪音之间找到平衡；再根据第五段和第六段，分别讲述了天然鹅卵石、裸石及砖块各自的优缺点，可知，这三段主要讲人行道上的不同材料的发展。故选C。
42．
文章意图题。文章谈论的是古建筑人行道的保护和历史，并呼吁其应该得到保护。故选A。
43．B
44．A
45．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，分别叙述了几个关于食物的传统节日。
43．
细节理解题。根据短文第一段“Teams of four, dressed in strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course.”可知四个队伍，穿着滑稽搞笑的衣服，在50米的路程中卷一个完整的奶酪，在结合后面“but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones”可知这个奶酪是木头的。故选B。
44．
细节理解题。根据第三段“A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events.”可知，这个庆祝活动持续一周也就是七天。故选A。
45．
细节理解题。根据短文第二段“You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper-the hottest pepper in the world-or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.”可知，在“the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.”节日上，有数以千计的辛辣食物。故选C。
46．E
47．B
48．C
49．A
50．D
【分析】
本文主要介绍了如何买鱼和做鱼。
46．
由前句“Everyone knows that fish is good for health.”可知，此句是要表达吃鱼的好处，E项“鱼中的脂肪被认为有助于预防心脏病”符合语境，故选E。
47．
由前句“Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.”可知，此句与如何做鱼有关，B项“它只需要一点知识”符合语境，故选B。
48．
由后句“Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge.”可知，新鲜的鱼应该闻起来很香，你应该感觉自己站在海边。C项“买鱼的时候，你应该先闻一闻”符合语境，故选C。
49．
由前句“Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.”可知，任何鱼腥味或浓烈的气味都意味着鱼不新鲜。A项“不要买它”符合语境，故选A。
50．
由后句“The easiest is to steam it”可知，此句是说鱼的做法。D项“做鱼有许多常见的方法”符合语境，故选D。
51．depend on/rely on
【详解】
根据语境可知时态是一般现在时。依靠：depend on/rely on，主语Some people是复数，故谓语动词用原形。故填depend on/rely on。
52．Although are doing
【详解】
虽然：although，引导让步状语从句，句首首字母a大写；做：do，动词；根据句意，主句应用现在进行时，构成形式为：be doing；主语“the volunteers”是复数形式，be用are；do的现在分词是doing。故填Although；are；doing。
53．can be seen
【详解】
根据语境可知是一般现在时。能够：can，看见：see，主语The building和谓语see之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，结构：be动词+动词过去分词，情态动词can后跟be动词原形。故填can be seen。
54．What a cute
【详解】
分析语境和题干可知，此处是“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓！”感叹句结构；“可爱”的英文是cute，是辅音音素开头，冠词用a。故填What；a；cute。
55．when he will leave
【详解】
分析题干可知包含一个宾语从句，“什么时候”可以用when引导宾语从句；“离开”的英文是leave；根据题干可知，宾语从句要用一般将来时，主语依然是he。故填when；he；will；leave。
56．例文：
Dear Sam,
I’m glad to hear from you. You said you had great interest in Chinese traditional culture. Now let me tell you something about it.
Chinese knot is one of the traditional Chinese arts. It is made of silk thread. It usually comes in red in the shapes of flowers, animals and so on. Chinese knot means good luck. Another traditional Chinese art is paper-cuts. We can use paper and scissors to cut out different patterns. People usually put them on doors, windows, etc. Paper-cuts often mean happiness.
I think traditional Chinese arts are Chinese treasure. I hope more and more young people like them and develop them.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题目要求介绍中国的传统艺术和文化，并经表格的形式提供了两种传统艺术——中国结和剪纸。同时需要表达自己对传统艺术的看法和期望。
2.写作指导：人称以第一人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主。写作时，注意包含所给要点中的信息，并在结尾表达自己对传统艺术的看法和期望，注意要叙述完整，保证条理清晰。
2021年广东省广州市增城区中考一模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、未知
Terry was a rich man’s son. Next to his door lived _________ hardworking blacksmith（铁匠）whose name was Jones. Every day, Terry liked to come to watch how the blacksmith worked _________ hours.
“Young man, what about _________ to make shoe tacks（鞋钉）, even if it is only to kill the time?” said Jones. “One day, it may be of use to you.”
The boy began to see _________ he could do. After _________ practice, he found that he was becoming very _________ and soon he was making some of the finest tacks.
Terry’s father died and he had to sell everything because of the war. He left home and _________ to move to another country in a village. It so happened that in this village there were many shoemakers _________ were spending a lot of money buying tacks for their shoes _________ in that part of the country there was a high demand（需求）for soldiers’ shoes.
Terry, who was finding it difficult __________ his daily bread, remembered that once upon a time he had learned the art of making tacks and he went to talk with shoemakers. He told them that he __________ make the finest tacks. The shoemakers agreed and Terry’s life was much __________ .
"__________ funny it seems!" he used to say, "Even making tacks can make money. Thanks to Jones. Without __________ , I can’t imagine what my life __________ like now."
1．A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．A．to B．since C．for D．from
3．A．learn B．learned C．learns D．learning
4．A．that B．what C．why D．where
5．A．few B．a few C．little D．a little
6．A．skill B．skills C．skillfully D．skilled
7．A．forces B．forced C．was forced D．has forced
8．A．which B．who C．when D．whose
9．A．because B．so C．whether D．unless
10．A．earn B．to earn C．earning D．to earning
11．A．should B．need C．must D．could
12．A．good B．well C．better D．best
13．A．How B．How a C．What D．What a
14．A．he B．him C．his D．himself
15．A．is B．was C．will be D．had been
Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent（帐篷）in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they c16． a meal over a fire. They were all hungry and the food smelled good. After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang s17． by the campfire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys quickly ran into their tent. Their sleeping bags were w18． and comfortable, so the all fell asleep very soon. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began to s19． . The tent was full of water! They all rushed out of their sleeping bags. It was raining h20． and they found that a stream had formed in the field.
二、完型填空
Over recent years, letter writing has been replaced by other ways of communicating. Technology has 21 so fast that we now expect to be able to see people at any time and get response 22 . Rather than put pen to paper, it feels much more natural for us to send text messages and emails.
It is true that these modern ways of communicating have their own 23 . We can talk to people all over the world even in a few 24 . Communicating with people by sending text messages or emails can help us save time and receive a 25 as soon as possible. We can also 26 mistakes in our emails before sending them. But if we make a mistake in a letter, we have to cross it out or start again.
But have you ever thought about what we are losing? Yes, we are 27 about the art of letter writing.
Almost everybody would say that reading a hand-written from a friend is 28 . When you know someone has spent the time writing a letter for you, especially a birthday letter, there’s something very 29 in your heart.
On the other hand, not only the person receiving the letter will benefit from a lovely envelope（信封）, but also the writer himself. When we know we’re doing something that will make our friends very happy, we feel good about ourselves, too.
In addition, writing a letter can 30 your language skills and you can also learn some new expressions.
21．A．reached B．developed C．moved D．connected
22．A．luckily B．suddenly C．actually D．immediately
23．A．challenges B．advantages C．difficulties D．problems
24．A．seconds B．hours C．days D．weeks
25．A．gift B．smile C．reply D．greeting
26．A．correct B．admit C．deny D．make
27．A．learning B．caring C．forgetting D．worrying
28．A．awful B．difficult C．humorous D．enjoyable
29．A．clever B．special C．interesting D．useful
30．A．copy B．check C．reduce D．improve
三、阅读单选
It was 3: 21 a. m. when nine-year-old Tom awoke to the smell of burning. Except for the cracking（爆烈声）of fire somewhere below there was not a sound in the two-storey house.
With his father away on night duty at a local factory, Tom was worried about the safety of his mother, his sister Karen. 14 and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen and Todd until they sat up. Then he helped each one through the house to the safety of the garden, There, his sister and brother, taking short and quick breaths and coughing, lying on the grass.
The nine-year-old boy ran back into the house and upstairs to his mother’s room. He found it was impossible to wake her up. His mother, breathing in too much smoke, was unconscious and there was nobody to help Tom carry her to the garden. But the boy stayed calm and, as a fireman said later, “acted with all the self-control of a trained adult.”
On the bedroom telephone, luckily still working. Tom called his father and, leaving his father to telephone the firemen and ambulance service, got on saving his mother.
First, he filled a bucket with water from the bathroom and threw water over his mother and her bed. Then, with a wet cloth around his head he went back to the garden.
He could hear the fire engine coming up, but how would the firemen find his mother in the smoke-filled house where fire had almost swallowed up the ground floor?
Getting a ball of string（线）from the garage. Tom ran back into the house and rushed upstairs to his mother’s room. Tying one end of the string to her hand, he ran back, laying out the string as he went, through the hall and back out into the garden.
Minutes later, he was telling fire chief John, “The string will lead you to mother.” His mother was carried to safety as the fire were breaking through her bedroom floor.
31．Why did Tom run downstairs first?
A．He wanted to save his sister and brother.
B．He was worried about his mother’s safety.
C．He wanted to find out what was happening.
D．He went to see if his father had come back from work.
32．The underlined word “unconscious” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A．fearless B．surprised C．senseless D．frightened
33．What is the correct order of Tom’s action?
a. He tied the string to her mother’s hand.
b. He helped his sister and brother to a safe place.
c. He made a phone call to his father.
d. He smelled something unusual
e. He poured some water over his mother.
A．b-d-c-a-e B．d-b-c-e-a C．c-d-b-a-e D．b-d-c-e-a
34．From the passage, we know that ________.
A．Tom learned something about first aid
B．Tom followed his mother’s instructions
C．Tom’s father taught him to do so on the phone
D．Tom dealt with the emergency calmly and wisely
Many ways have been taken to fight food waste, but one young man is making a big difference with technology.
Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini-program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or buy meals for children in poor areas.
Liu and his team, together with other organizations, began the “Clear Your Plate” campaign（行动）in November for the third year. It has swept over 1,017 universities across the country.
The one-month campaign attracted almost 1. 6 million students and some other people and collectively reduced food waste by 862 tons and carbon emissions（碳排放）by 3,337 tons, the China Youth Daily reported.
The idea to develop such a mini-program came from Liu’s experience in a canteen. In 2017, he found that a restaurant would give diners who finished off their food a card and offer small gifts after a certain number of cards had been collected.
“Technological innovation（创新）is a good way to reduce food waste.” Liu thought. He organized a team of 20 members to work on the project at the end of 2017. To solve the AI’s problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018, the mini-program was officially put into operation on October 16, World Food Day. They then began a campaign later that year.
“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the young people by encouraging them to value their food and develop the habit of saving,” Liu said. “Through the campaign, we hope to encourage everyone to take action against food waste and to contribute（作贡献）Chinese wisdom and solutions to world food security challenges.” he added.
35．Why is the mini-program so popular among the students?
A．Students can get something in return.
B．Students can take pictures after a meal.
C．The mini-program can recognize the students’ images.
D．The mini-program provides the students with some meals.
36．What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Tsinghua University B．the technology
C．the organization D．the “Clear Your Plate” campaign
37．How did Liu have the idea to develop such a mini-program?
A．He got it from some photos.
B．He got it from The China Youth Daily.
C．He learned it from a restaurant.
D．He learned it from Tsinghua University.
38．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Liu hopes to develop the mini-program.
B．Liu worries about the world’s food security problems.
C．Liu has helped young people form the habit of saving food.
D．Liu is glad that everyone has taken action against food waste.
Now, cities large and small often have remains of earlier historic streets and sidewalk pavements（人行道）. Yet they often go unprotected even when they may be older than neighbouring historic buildings that have enjoyed protection for tens of years.
There are many reasons to protect historic pavements—culture value, economics, environmental benefits and public safety. Pavements represented an important step in the modernization of city environments in the 19th century.
Before the laying of pavement, streets of dirt caused many problems to citizens, especially in wet weather when they became muddy, which brought much trouble to people’s life.
To solve the problem, cities experimented with a wide range of materials in an attempt to balance durability（耐用性）economics, sources of materials and noise considerations.
The earliest pavements in many cities were made of rounded stones. They were cheap and durable, but rough and noisy. Loose stone pavements were cheap and smooth, but not very durable. Wood also appeared in the 1850s as a popular choice—smooth, quiet and affordable, but not very durable.
In many cities and towns, brick（砖）streets are the only historic pavements that have survived. This fact covers up the truth of pavement experimentation between the 1850s and 1920s, when a city could use up to a dozen different paving materials at the same time! Indeed, each city developed a unique（独特的）"pavement identity" in the materials chosen and the way they were laid.
It is easy to think of the past when seeing historic pavements, as recalling "old world" city qualities. However, they are more similar to the early high buildings and parks-important city features that showed the modernization of the city. At a time when cities are becoming increasingly. similar, such pavements also help define an important sense of place.
39．What is the present situation of historic pavements?
A．Being highly valued as cultural buildings.
B．Failing to represent modem environments.
C．Being brought back to its former glory（辉煌）.
D．Failing to receive protection they should get.
40．Why was the first pavement built in history?
A．To help develop the local economy.
B．To bring convenience to people's life.
C．To develop a unique “pavement identity”.
D．To prevent earth from being washed away.
41．What is mainly talked about in Paragraphs 4-6?
A．Different experiments on city identity.
B．Popularity of different paving materials.
C．Development of pavements of different materials.
D．Advantages and disadvantages of stone pavements.
42．What's the purpose of this passage?
A．To protect the historic pavements.
B．To tell ways of building pavements.
C．To show the modernization of the city.
D．To introduce the history of the pavements.
Food Festivals around the world
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ lane（跑道）. The first prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos（disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones）.
Fiery Fonds Festival-The Hottest Festival on Earth
Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction-food that is not just spicy, but hot enough to make your mouth bum, your head spin and your eyes water. The Fiery Food and BBQ Festival is held over a period of three days every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper-the hottest pepper in the world-or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing’s for sure-if you don’t like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn’t for you!
La Tomatina-The World’s Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts La Tomatina-the world’s largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes-official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd. The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back.
43．In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must________.
A．kick or throw their cheese
B．roll a wooden cheese in their own lane
C．wear different kinds of formal clothes
D．use a real cheese weighing about four kilos
44．How long does the celebration of La Tomatina last?
A．Seven days. B．Three days. C．Two weeks. D．More than half an hour.
45．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．La Tomatina takes place at the beginning of August every year.
B．More than 10,000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
C．Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
D．The first prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is a 2-kilo Stilton cheese.
四、补全短文5选5
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 46． But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 47． This passage is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
48． Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 49． When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the fridge if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as delicious as the fresh one.
50． The easiest is to steam it. First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices（调料）. Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.
A．Do not buy it.
B．It just requires a little knowledge.
C．When buying fish, you should first smell it.
D．There are many common methods used to cook fish.
E.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
五、完成句子
51．有些人依靠报纸了解世界正在发生的事情。
Some people ________ newspapers to learn about what is happening around the world.
52．虽然已经很晚了，志愿者们仍在敬老院做义工。
________ it is late, the volunteers ________ still ________ volunteer work in the nursing home.
53．从城市的每个角落都能看到这座建筑物。
The building ________ ________ ________ from every corner of the city.
54．这只小狗太可爱了!
________ ________ ________ dog it is!
55．他还没决定什么时候离开广州。
He hasn’t decided ________ ________ ________ ________ Guangzhou.
六、书信作文
56． 中国是一个有着五千多年历史的国家，在民间流传着许多传统的艺术和文化，请你写一篇英文短文，向外国友人介绍下面两种传统艺术，要求包含以下要点。
中国结（Chinese knot）
材料：丝线（silk thread）
颜色：红色
形状：像花、动物等
离意：带来好运
剪纸
材料：纸和剪刀（scissors）
特点：剪出各种图案
用途：张贴在门、窗等
寓意：表达喜悦
1.你对传统艺术的看法（请补充）
2.你的期望（请补充）
Dear Sam,
I’m glad to hear from you. You said you had great interest in Chinese traditional culture. Now let me tell you something about it…
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．D
4．B
5．D
6．D
7．C
8．B
9．A
10．B
11．D
12．C
13．A
14．B
15．A
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。描述了一个富人的儿子向铁匠学习做鞋钉，战争爆发后，他被迫逃到其他国家，通过做鞋钉让自己的生活变得更好起来。
1．
句意：他的隔壁住着一个叫做Jones的努力工作的铁匠。
a一个（用于辅音音素前）；an一个（用于元音音素前）；the特指。此处指一个努力工作的铁匠，表泛指，且hardworking以辅音音素开头，其前应加不定冠词a。故选A。
2．
句意：每天Terry都喜欢来看铁匠是如何工作好几个小时的。
to到；since自从；for+一段时间，多久，多长时间；from从。根据空格后“hours”可知是一段时间，for hours表示好几个小时。故选C。
3．
句意：年轻人学习制作鞋钉怎么样，即使它只是在消磨你的时间。
learn学习（动词原形）；learned学习（动词过去时）；learns学习（一般现在时单三）；learning学习（动名词）。根据空格前“about”是介词，可知后面的动词要用动名词。故选D。
4．
句意：这个男孩开始看他可以做什么。
that那个；what什么；why为什么；where哪里。分析句子可知，此处缺少宾语从句引导词，同时此空要做“do”的宾语，翻译成“什么”。故选B。
5．
句意：在几次练习之后。
few几乎没有（修饰可数名词复数）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）；little几乎没有（修饰不可数名词）；a little一些（修饰不可数名词）。根据下文“soon he was making some of the finest tacks”可推测出他是练习了几次，排除选项A和C，又因为“practice”是不可数名词。故选D。
6．
句意：他发现自己变得非常熟练。
skill技巧（名词）；skills技巧（名词复数）；skillfully巧妙地（副词）；skilled熟练的（形容词）。根据此空前“becoming”是系动词可知，此空后应是形容词或名词做表语，根据“ soon he was making some of the finest tacks”可推测此处他变得非常熟练。故选D。
7．
句意：他离开了家乡被迫搬到了另一个国家的一个小村庄。
forces强迫（一般现在时）；forced强迫（一般过去时）；was forced被强迫（一般过去时的被动）；has forced已经强迫（现在完成时）。分析句子可知，时态是一般过去式，此处主语“He”和谓语动词“force”是动宾关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
8．
句意：巧的是在这个村子里有许多需要花钱买鞋钉的鞋匠。
which哪个；who谁；when什么时候；whose谁的。分析句子可知，此处缺少一个定语从句引导词；定语从句中缺少主语，用关系代词；先行词“shoemakers ”是人， 所以用who。故选B。
9．
句意：因为在那个国家的那个地区士兵对鞋的需求是非常高的
because因为；so所以；whether是否；unless除非。分析句子可知，此处缺少一个状语从句引导词，根据“in that part of the country there was a high demand（需求）for soldiers’ shoes.”可知，是在对很多鞋匠花钱买鞋钉的行为进行解释，可推测出此处表示原因。故选A。
10．
句意：Terry发现赚取日常需要的面包是非常难的。
earn赚得，动词原形；to earn赚得，动词不定式；earning赚得，现在分词或动名词；to earning赚得（to是介词）。分析句子可知，此处是“find it+adj+to do sth.发现做某事是……”句型。故选B。
11．
句意：他告诉他们他可以做最好的鞋钉。
should应该；need需要；must必须；could能够，可以。根据上文“soon he was making some of the finest tacks.”可知，他已经能够做出好的鞋钉了，可推测出此处表达他能够做出最好的鞋钉。故选D。
12．
句意：鞋匠们同意了，然后Terry的生活变得更好了。
good好；well好；better更好；best最好。根据前文可知Terry生活很困难，但是他会做鞋钉，并且有很多鞋匠需要鞋钉，可推测出Terry的生活变的比以前好了。故选C。
13．
句意：他多去常常说它看起来多么有意思啊！
How多么，如何；How a多么；What多么，什么；What a多么。分析句子可知，此处是感叹句“How+adj./adv.+主谓！”结构。故选A。
14．
句意：没有他，我无法想象我现在的生活会是什么样子。
he他（主格）；him他（宾格）；his他的（形容词性物主代词）；himself他自己（反身代词）。根据前文可知，此处他指的是铁匠Jones，并且作介词without的宾语。故选B。
15．
句意：没有他，我无法想象我现在的生活会是什么样子。
is是（一般现在时）；was是（一般过去时）；will be将是（一般将来时）；had been已经是（过去完成时）。根据此空后“now”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故选A。
16．(c)ooked
17．(s)ongs
18．(w)arm
19．(s)hout
20．(h)eavily
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一些男孩傍晚时分在田野里野餐，玩得很开心，半夜开始下暴雨，他们的帐篷到处都是水的故事。
16．
句意：他们在火上做饭。空格处缺少动词作谓语；根据下文“They were all hungry and the food smelled good”可知，他们在火堆上做饭，cook“烹饪”，根据时间词Late in the afternoon，可知时态是一般过去时，故动词用过去式。故填(c)ooked。
17．
句意：他们在篝火旁讲故事，唱歌。空格处缺少名词作宾语；根据动词sang“唱”，可知他们在篝火旁唱歌，song“歌曲”，是可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填(s)ongs。
18．
句意：他们的睡袋暖和又舒服。空格处缺少形容词作表语，根据下文“so the all fell asleep very soon.”可知，外面下雨，但是他们的睡袋暖和又舒服，所以他们很快就睡着了，warm“暖和的”。故填(w)arm。
19．
句意：两个男孩醒了开始大叫。begin to do sth.“开始做某事”，空格处缺少动词原形，根据下文“The tent was full of water!”可知，指两个男孩醒了发现帐篷里都是水，所以开始大叫，shout“大叫”。故填(s)hout。
20．
句意：正在下暴雨，他们发现田野里已经形成一条小溪了。空格处缺少副词修饰动词rain，根据“they found that a stream had formed in the field.”可知，雨下得很大，所以田野里已经形成一条小溪了，heavily“严重的”。故填(h)eavily。
21．B
22．D
23．B
24．A
25．C
26．A
27．C
28．D
29．B
30．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容：近年来，写信这种方式逐渐被现代沟通方式所替代。虽然现代沟通方式的确有其优点，但是我们也因为少写信而失去了一些东西，比如：阅读一封手写信的愉悦感，因朋友收到美丽的信封感到开心而开心，写作时语言能力的提高等。
21．
句意：科技发展如此之快，我们现在期望能够在任何时候看到人们并立即得到回应。
reached到达；developed发展；moved移动；connected连接。根据下文“…we now expect to be able to see people at any time …”可知，我们如今期望能在任何时候都能见到想见的人们，之所以能有这样的期望也是因为科技发展快速得能支撑起我们的期望。故选B。
22．
句意：科技发展如此之快，我们现在期望能够在任何时候看到人们并立即得到回应。
luckily幸运地；suddenly突然；actually事实上；immediately立刻，马上。根据上文“…we now expect to be able to see people at any time …”可知，我们如今期望能在任何时候都能见到想见的人们，也就是说科技发展使得人们的生活更加快捷和便利，由此可知此处得到回应也应是立刻得到的。故选D。
23．
句意：诚然，这些现代的交流方式有自己的优势。
challenges挑战；advantages优点；difficulties困难；problems问题。根据下文“…sending text messages or emails can help us save time…”可知，发送短信和邮件能节省时间，由此可推测此段应都是在介绍现代交流方式的优点。故选B。
24．
句意：我们甚至可以在几秒钟内与全世界的人交谈。
seconds秒；hours小时；days天；weeks周。根据日常生活经验可知，通过现代的交流工具，我们可以在几秒内和世界各地的人进行交流。故选A。
25．
句意：通过发送短信或电子邮件与人交流可以帮助我们节省时间并尽快收到回复。
gift礼物；smile微笑；reply回复；greeting打招呼。根据“sending text messages or emails”和“receive ”可知，前半句提及发送短信和邮件，再结合下半句的动词“receive（收到）”可知，此处应是收到短信或邮件的回复的意思。故选C。
26．
句意：我们也可以在发送邮件之前纠正邮件中的错误。
correct纠正，改正；admit承认；deny否认；make制作。根据下文“But if we make a mistake in a letter, we have to cross it out or start again.”可知，此处提及了写信时纠正错字的方式，由此可知此句应是介绍发送邮件时纠正错字的方式。故选A。
27．
句意：是的，我们逐渐忘记了写信的艺术。
learning学习；caring关心；forgetting忘记；worrying担心。根据上文“But have you ever thought about what we are losing? ”可知，我们现在正逐渐失去一些东西，再结合“the art of letter writing”可知，上文的“失去东西”也就是此处的“忘记”写信的艺术。故选C。
28．
句意：几乎每个人都会说，读朋友的手写信是一种享受。
awful糟糕的；difficult困难的；humorous幽默的；enjoyable令人愉快的。根据日常生活经验可知，写一封手写信比发送短信或邮件要费心思得多，所以当阅读手写信时能感受到写信人对自己的用心，这应是令人愉悦的。故选D。
29．
句意：当你知道有人花时间给你写了一封信，特别是一封生日信，你的心里就有一种特别的感受。
clever聪明的；special特别的；interesting有趣的；useful有用的。根据“When you know someone has spent the time writing a letter for you…”可知，当你知道有人愿意给你花时间写信的话，你应是会感受到自己在对方心里的特别。故选B。
30．
句意：此外，写信可以提高你的语言能力，还可以学习一些新的表达方式。
copy复制；check检查；reduce减少；improve提升。写信类似于写作文，不断写信就是不断地练习写作，所以这能提高人的语言能力。故选D。
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一个九岁的孩子Tom在家里发生火灾后，冷静从容地拯救了哥哥姐姐和妈妈的故事。
31．
推理判断题。根据文中“With his father away on night duty at a local factory, Tom was worried about the safety of his mother, his sister Karen. 14 and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen and Todd until they sat up.”可知，Tom先跑下楼是因为他想救他的姐姐和哥哥。故选A。
32．
词句猜测题。根据前句“He found it was impossible to wake her up. His mother, breathing in too much smoke,”可知，叫醒妈妈是不可能的，故推测出他的妈妈应是“无意识的，senseless”。故选C。
33．
细节理解题。通读全文可知，Tom的行动顺序是：(d)when nine-year-old Tom awoke to the smell of burning.他闻到了不寻常的味道；(b)Tom was worried about the safety of his mother, his sister Karen. 14 and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen and Todd until they sat up.他把他的兄弟姐妹带到了一个安全的地方；(c)Tom called his father and, leaving his father to telephone the firemen and ambulance service, got on saving his mother.他给他父亲打了个电话；(e)First, he filled a bucket with water from the bathroom and threw water over his mother and her bed. 他在他妈妈身上泼了点水；(a)Tying one end of the string to her hand, 他把绳子绑在她母亲的手上。故选B。
34．
细节理解题。根据第三段“But the boy reminded calm and, as a fireman said later, “acted with all the self-control of a trained adult.””可知，Tom冷静而明智地处理了紧急情况。故选D。
35．A
36．D
37．C
38．D
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了清华大学的学生，23岁的柳济琛开发了一款名为“关盘打卡”的小程序，用技术创新来帮助减少粮食浪费。
35．
细节理解题。根据文中“After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the Al, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or buy meals for children in poor areas.”可知，这个小程序可以收集积分，用来给贫困地区的儿童买礼物，因此用这个程序学生可得到回报。故选A。
36．
词句猜测题。根据文中“Liu and his team, together with other organizations, began the “Clear Your Plate” campaign（行动）in November for the third year.”可知，此处是“清盘运动”已经席卷全国1017个大学。故选D。
37．
细节理解题。根据文中“The idea to develop such a mini-program came from Liu’s experience in a canteen.”可知，这个想法来自于他在一个餐馆的经历。故选C。
38．
段落大意题。根据最后一段““We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the young people by encouraging them to value their food and develop the habit of saving,” Liu said. “Through the campaign, we hope to encourage everyone to take action against food waste and to contribute（作贡献）Chinese wisdom and solutions to world food security challenges.” he added.”可知，刘很高兴大家都对食物浪费采取了行动。选项D符合题意，故选D。
39．B
40．B
41．C
42．A
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是古建筑人行道的保护和历史，并呼吁其应该得到保护。
39．
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“ Yet they often go unprotected even when they may be older than neighbouring historic buildings that have enjoyed protection for tens of years.”然而，尽管它们比周围那些享受了十来年保护的历史建筑还要古老，但是它们却没有得到保护。可知历史人行道尽管比一些得到保护的建筑古老得多，但它们还是没有得到应得的保护。故选B。
40．
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Before the laying of pavement, streets of dirt caused many problems to citizens, especially in wet weather when they became muddy, which brought much trouble to people’s life.”在铺人行道之前，泥泞的街道给市民造成了很多问题，尤其是在潮湿的天气它们变得泥泞的时候，这给人们带来麻烦。可知本段论述了没有人行道的状况，道路泥泞阻碍出行，反过来可知修建人行道就是为了解决通行问题，便利生活，故选B。
41．
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“To solve the problem, cities experimented with a wide range of materials in an attempt to balance durability（耐用性）economics, sources of materials and noise considerations.”为了解决这个问题，各城市实验了各种各样的材料，试图在耐用性，经济，材料来源和噪音之间找到平衡；再根据第五段和第六段，分别讲述了天然鹅卵石、裸石及砖块各自的优缺点，可知，这三段主要讲人行道上的不同材料的发展。故选C。
42．
文章意图题。文章谈论的是古建筑人行道的保护和历史，并呼吁其应该得到保护。故选A。
43．B
44．A
45．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，分别叙述了几个关于食物的传统节日。
43．
细节理解题。根据短文第一段“Teams of four, dressed in strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course.”可知四个队伍，穿着滑稽搞笑的衣服，在50米的路程中卷一个完整的奶酪，在结合后面“but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones”可知这个奶酪是木头的。故选B。
44．
细节理解题。根据第三段“A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events.”可知，这个庆祝活动持续一周也就是七天。故选A。
45．
细节理解题。根据短文第二段“You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper-the hottest pepper in the world-or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.”可知，在“the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.”节日上，有数以千计的辛辣食物。故选C。
46．E
47．B
48．C
49．A
50．D
【分析】
本文主要介绍了如何买鱼和做鱼。
46．
由前句“Everyone knows that fish is good for health.”可知，此句是要表达吃鱼的好处，E项“鱼中的脂肪被认为有助于预防心脏病”符合语境，故选E。
47．
由前句“Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.”可知，此句与如何做鱼有关，B项“它只需要一点知识”符合语境，故选B。
48．
由后句“Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge.”可知，新鲜的鱼应该闻起来很香，你应该感觉自己站在海边。C项“买鱼的时候，你应该先闻一闻”符合语境，故选C。
49．
由前句“Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.”可知，任何鱼腥味或浓烈的气味都意味着鱼不新鲜。A项“不要买它”符合语境，故选A。
50．
由后句“The easiest is to steam it”可知，此句是说鱼的做法。D项“做鱼有许多常见的方法”符合语境，故选D。
51．depend on/rely on
【详解】
根据语境可知时态是一般现在时。依靠：depend on/rely on，主语Some people是复数，故谓语动词用原形。故填depend on/rely on。
52．Although are doing
【详解】
虽然：although，引导让步状语从句，句首首字母a大写；做：do，动词；根据句意，主句应用现在进行时，构成形式为：be doing；主语“the volunteers”是复数形式，be用are；do的现在分词是doing。故填Although；are；doing。
53．can be seen
【详解】
根据语境可知是一般现在时。能够：can，看见：see，主语The building和谓语see之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，结构：be动词+动词过去分词，情态动词can后跟be动词原形。故填can be seen。
54．What a cute
【详解】
分析语境和题干可知，此处是“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓！”感叹句结构；“可爱”的英文是cute，是辅音音素开头，冠词用a。故填What；a；cute。
55．when he will leave
【详解】
分析题干可知包含一个宾语从句，“什么时候”可以用when引导宾语从句；“离开”的英文是leave；根据题干可知，宾语从句要用一般将来时，主语依然是he。故填when；he；will；leave。
56．例文：
Dear Sam,
I’m glad to hear from you. You said you had great interest in Chinese traditional culture. Now let me tell you something about it.
Chinese knot is one of the traditional Chinese arts. It is made of silk thread. It usually comes in red in the shapes of flowers, animals and so on. Chinese knot means good luck. Another traditional Chinese art is paper-cuts. We can use paper and scissors to cut out different patterns. People usually put them on doors, windows, etc. Paper-cuts often mean happiness.
I think traditional Chinese arts are Chinese treasure. I hope more and more young people like them and develop them.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题目要求介绍中国的传统艺术和文化，并经表格的形式提供了两种传统艺术——中国结和剪纸。同时需要表达自己对传统艺术的看法和期望。
2.写作指导：人称以第一人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主。写作时，注意包含所给要点中的信息，并在结尾表达自己对传统艺术的看法和期望，注意要叙述完整，保证条理清晰。
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