2021届高考英语考前每日拔高练 第10练

这是一份2021届高考英语考前每日拔高练 第10练，共8页。
Misinfrmatin can spread thrugh phne texts and scial media as fast as a virus, smetimes even faster. ①________. Here are sme f the mst effective steps t identify and stp it.
Check the surce
②________. It is why misinfrmatin travels fast n scial media, where everyne says he heard it frm a friend f a friend. Be careful f such hear-says and refer t such reliable surces as gvernment agencies r trusted newspaper websites befre it can be taken seriusly. Als, be careful f infrmatin frm unknwn r little-knwn grups r news rganizatins.
③________
Anyne searching fr true infrmatin needs t act a little like a reprter. Remember there is a difference between news and stries. News shuld be supprted by evidence t be dependable. ④________. Pictures are said t be wrth a thusand wrds. But, even phtgraphs can be edited and changed. Even untuched images can be false. Fr example, ld images can be presented as new. Again, it helps t lk fr the surce. Ggle’s image search can help find where a pht came frm.
D nt immediately repst what yu see
A 2018 Twitter study fund that false news travels faster than real news, ften much faster. That is because these stries ften use language designed t create strng emtinal reactin. ​⑤________. It is als fund that misinfrmatin spreads quickly because peple retwitte stries based n headlines. S read the whle stry, investigate the surce and cnsider carefully befre repsting t prevent the spread f false infrmatin.
A. Act like a jurnalist
B. Hw t search fr true infrmatin
C. Als be careful that even images can lie
D. Hw can we separate what is true and what is nt
E. They always seek t cnnect with public fear r anger
F. Emtinal reactin plays n part when peple pst infrmatin
G. Human nature makes us mre likely t believe things ur friends tell us
2.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw we feel abut urselves can influence hw we live ur lives. ①__________They’re mre likely t ask fr help and supprt frm friends and family when they need it. Peple wh believe they can accmplish gals and slve prblems are mre likely t d well in schl. Having gd self-esteem allws yu t accept yurself and live life t the fullest. ②__________
If yu want t imprve yur self-esteem, here are sme steps:
●View mistakes as learning pprtunities. Accept that yu’ll make mistakes because everyne des. Mistakes are part f learning.
●Try t stp thinking negative thughts abut yurself. If yu are used t fcusing n yur shrtcmings, start thinking abut psitive aspects f yurself that utweigh(超过) them. ③__________
●Try new things. Experiment with different activities that will help yu get in tuch with yur talents. Then take pride in new skills yu develp.
● ④__________If yu realize that yu’re unhappy with smething abut yurself that yu can change, then start tday. If it’s smething yu can’t change( like yur height),then start t wrk tward lving yurself the way yu are.
●Take pride in yur pinins and ideas. Dn’t be afraid t vice them.
● ⑤__________Tutr a classmate wh’s having truble, help clean up yur neighbrhd, r vlunteer yur time in sme ther way. Feeling like yu’re making a difference and that yur help is valued can d wnders t imprve self-esteem.
Self-esteem plays a rle in almst everything yu d. It takes sme wrk t develp gd self-esteem, but nce yu d it’s a skill yu’ll have fr life.
A.Make a cntributin
B.Why is self-esteem imprtant?
C.Hw can yu increase yur self-esteem?
D.Aim fr accmplishments rather than perfectin.
E.Recgnize what yu can change and what yu can’t.
F.Peple with gd self-esteem have better relatinships.
G.Each day, write dwn three things abut yurself that make yu happy.
3.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Passing the Trch: A Firefighter Dad's Legacy(传承)
When Dekalb Walctt Ⅲ was just 8 years ld, his father, a Chicag fire chief, let Walctt fllw him n a call. Dekalb says a lt f kids lked up t the basketball player Michael Jrdan when he was grwing up in Chicag in the 1990s. Nt him.
"I wanted t be like Dekalb Walctt Jr." he says f his father. ①__________ "I'm jumping up and dwn, saying, 'Mum, can I g? Can I g?'"
The experience changed Dekalb's life; he tells his dad n a visit t StryCrps. "My eyes gt big frm the mment the alarm went ff," the yunger Dekalb says. "This is the life that I want t live smeday."
②__________ He became a firefighter at 21 and went t wrk alngside his dad at the Chicag Fire Department. Befre his father retired,the pair even went ut n a call tgether— father supervising(监督) sn.
"Yu knw, it's everything fr me t watch yu grw, his father says. But he als recalls wrrying but ne particular fire that his sn faced.
"I received a phne call that night. And they said, 'Well, yur sn was at this fire.' I said, 'OK, which way is this cnversatin ging t g?'" Dekalb Walctt Jr. recalls.
"They said, 'But he's OK. ③__________ Everybdy here was prud f him. And the wrd went arund, 'Wh was ut there managing that fire? Oh,that's Walctt! That's Walctt up there!' ④__________ "
Dekalb Walctt Jr. retired in 2009. ⑤__________ "Yu knw, it makes me lk frward t fatherhd as well, because I'm definitely lking frward t passing that trch dwn t my sn."
A. The yunger Dekalb says he's prud f being a secnd-generatin firefighter.
B. He lked frward t living such a wrthy life.
C. S when his dad asked if he wanted t g n that call with him when he was 8, Dekalb was excited.
D. And he put it ut all by himself.
E. Nw 27, the yunger Dekalb is living that life.
F. S, yu knw,mments like that, it's heaven n Earth fr a dad.
G. Dekalb Walctt III is prud that his sn has becme an excellent firefighter.
答案以及解析
1.答案：DGACE
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个识别虚假网络信息并阻断其传播的方法。
【小题1】根据上文“Misinfrmatin can spread thrugh phne texts and scial media as fast as a virus, smetimes even faster. (虚假网络信息在手机短信和社交媒体上的传播速度可以和病毒一样快,有时甚至更快)”以及后文“Here are sme f the mst effective steps t identify and stp it.( 以下是一些最有效的识别并阻断其传播的方法)”可知,本句起承上启下作用,指出该如何区分真假信息的问题。故D选项“我们怎样才能区分什么是真的,什么不是真的呢?”符合语境。故选D。
【小题2】根据后文“It is why misinfrmatin travels fast n scial media, where everyne says they heard it frm a friend f a friend. (在社交媒体上,虚假信息传播主要是靠朋友间口口相传,所以传播得特别快)”可推知,本句是在说明虚假信息通过朋友传播特别快的原因,故G选项“因为人们倾向于相信自己的朋友”符合语境。故选G。
【小题3】根据后文“Anyne searching fr true infrmatin needs t act a little like a reprter. Remember there is a difference between news and stries. News shuld be supprted by evidence t be dependable.(任何想要获得真实信息的人都需要像记者一样行动。记住,新闻和故事是有区别的。新闻必须有证据支持才能可靠)”可知,这一小节主要是强调了受众应该像记者一样学会甄别信息中的论据及图片等的真实性,后文中act a little like a reprter.与A选项Act like a jurnalist相对应。故A选项“像记者一样行动”符合小标题。故选A。
【小题4】根据后文“Pictures are said t be wrth a thusand wrds. But even phtgraphs can be edited and changed. Even untuched images can be false. Fr example, ld images can be presented as new.(据说图片胜过千言万语。但即使是照片也可以编辑和修改。即使是未经编辑的图像也可能是假的。例如,旧图像可以作为新图像显示)”可知,后文主要说明了图片也可能传播错误信息。后文中images 与C选项中images 相对应。故C选项“还要注意,即使是图像也会说谎”符合语境。故选C。
【小题5】根据上文“That is because these stries ften use language designed t create strng emtinal reactin.(这是因为这些故事经常使用激发强烈情感的语言)”可知,本句承接上文继续说明使用能够激发人们强烈情感的语言的故事所产生的影响,且E选项中They指代上文these stries。故E选项“它们试图激发公众的恐慌或愤怒”符合语境。故选E。
2.答案：F; C; G; E; A
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章指出:我们对自己的感觉会影响我们生活的方式,并详细给出了关于如何提高自尊心的具体方法。
【小题1】前文说“Hw we feel abut urselves can influence hw we live ur lives.(我们对自己的感觉会影响我们生活的方式。)”,按照逻辑,设空处应进一步举例说明自我感觉影响生活方式。而F项“Peple with gd self-esteem have better relatinships.(自尊心强的人人际关系更好。)”是前文“自我感觉能影响生活方式”这一观点的具体体现,符合行文逻辑。故选F项。
【小题2】上文“Having gd self-esteem(自尊心)allws yu t accept yurself and live life t the fullest.(拥有良好的自尊可以让你接受自己,并充分地享受生活。)”指出了拥有良好自尊心的好处,下文“If yu want t imprve yur self-esteem, here are sme steps(如果你想提高你的自尊心,这里有一些步骤)”即将给出提高自尊心的具体建议,显然,为了上下文连贯,设空处需填入“如何提高自尊心”这样的过渡句来承上启下,选项C“你如何提高你的自尊心?”符合文意,故选C项。
【小题3】该段中心句是“Try t stp thinking negative thughts abut yurself.(试着停止对自己的消极想法。)”紧接着又建议读者“start thinking abut psitive aspects f yurself that utweigh them(开始思考你自己积极的一面)”,按照逻辑,设空处应给出关于如何停止对自己的消极想法的具体方法,选项G“每天,写下三件关于你自己的让你)心的事情。”符合文意,故选G项。
【小题4】根据文章结构可推断,设空处需填入该段的中心句。后文用两个if从句的形式列出了“that yu can change(你可以改变的)”和“yu can't change(你不能改变的)”两种情况下的应对方法, E项“认清你能改变什么,不能改变什么。”最能概括全段的内容。故选E项。
【小题5】设空处为本段主旨句,后文“Tutr a classmate wh's having truble, help clean up yur neighbrhd, r vlunteer yur time in sme ther way.(辅导有困难的同学,帮助打扫邻里,或以其他方式贡献你的时间。)”都是关于帮助别人的具体做法,而这些做法都属于“为别人做贡献”,所以A项“做贡献”最能概括全段内容。故选A项。
3.答案：CEDFA
解析： 本文是一篇故事类短文,讲述了一家两代对消防工作的热爱。当Dekalb Walctt Ⅲ 8岁的时候他父亲就带他去消防现场,当时他激动不已,希望自己以后也做一名消防员。现在27岁的他已经成为一名优秀的消防员。
①解析:下文的信息"I'm jumping up and dwn, saying, 'Mum, can I g? Can I g?'"表明听到这个消息时, Dekalb很激动,故选C项。
②解析:根据上一段的信息"This is the life that I want t live smeday."和下文的信息"He became a firefighter at 21..."可以推断, Dekalb终于实现了自己的愿望,故E项合适。
③解析:根据下文的信息"Everybdy here was prud f him."可知, Dekalb独自把火扑灭了,但是人没事,故选D项。
④解析:听到那些人很为自己的儿子独自把火扑灭了而感到自豪,作为父亲肯定也非常开心。选项中能够表达父亲心情的应该是F项“就像是在人间天堂”。
⑤解析:根据下文的信息“Dekalb也盼望成为父亲那样,这样就可以把火炬传递给自己的儿子”可知,本句应该选A项,表示他自己已经从父亲那儿接过了火炬。