2021届高考英语考前每日拔高练 第9练

这是一份2021届高考英语考前每日拔高练 第9练，共7页。
LEDs(r light-emitting dides) are brightening up ur televisins, cmputer screens, cell-phnes and nearly every electrnic prduct we use tday. ①_________
Nt just that. LEDs prduce bright white light, use energy efficiently, last much lnger and are envirnmentally friendly. ②_________ It is n wnder that the Nbel Cmmittee has awarded the 2014 Physics Prize t three scientists wh develped the blue LED — Prfessrs Shuji Nakamura, Isamu Akasaki and Hirshi Aman.
Electric bulbs have cme a lng way frm the first incandescent bulb(白炽灯) develped by Thmas Edisn in 1879. Then came the CFL bulb(紧凑型荧光灯).The mercury mlecules(水银分子) inside a CFL tube can be excited by passing electricity, and send light. CFL bulbs are mre efficient than the incandescent nes. ③_________ Fr ne, the bulbs are expensive, and the mercury inside them can be pisnus if the bulbs break.
In 1962, Nick Hlnyak came up with the idea f the LED. ④_________ Sme special materials(called semicnductrs) can be made t emit light when electricity is sent thrugh them. Yu may knw that atms cnsist f electrns mving arund a nucleus(原子核)—just as the planets rbit arund ur Sun. ⑤_________ Electrns can als jump between rbits!
A. The science is simple.
B. But there is a difference.
C. Hw efficient are LED lights?
D. Hwever, they did nt becme very ppular.
E. They are efficient enugh t run n slar pwer.
F. They are lighting up ur hmes and ffices as well.
G. But all this wuld nt have been pssible withut the inventin f the blue-clured LED.
2.阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reflect n ur relatin with nature
The UK physicist Isaac Newtn nce said, "①_____" Indeed, Mther Nature can prvide almst everything human beings need if we fllw her rules. But if we break the rules, she is likely t be cruel and lash ut(迅猛攻击) at us.
The utbreak f the nvel crnavirus pneumnia (NCP) in China and sme ther cuntries at the beginning f this year is an example. ②_____. It's said that the virus was first fund at the Huanan Seafd Market in Wuhan, Hubei prvince, where live wild animals were sld.
The Wall Street Jurnal reprted that Dr. Peter Daszak, president f the US-based health rganizatin EcHealth Alliance, said," This utbreak is a lessn fr us. On a glbal scale(规模), human ppulatin density(密度), wildlife diversity, and land use change are what drive new pandemics(流行病)."
In the ancient times, peple needed t rely n nature t survive s they held it in awe. Fr example, the American Indians believed that humans were a part f nature and nature was a part f humans. ③_____.
Hwever, as human beings master mre knwledge and make mre advanced tls, peple try t change and even cnquer nature. They use mre land t make buildings, genetically mdify(改变) plants, capture sme wild and dd animals t suit their wn needs. In this prcess, humans gradually lse cntact with nature and even thrw it ut f balance.
④_____, Brian Lamacraft said at Medium, it's time fr peple t "reflect n ur relatinship with ur planet", and "recnnect with this wrld and everything that we've been given". After all, accrding t the US pet Gary Snyder, "⑤_____."
A. Nature is nt the place t visit; it's ur hme
B. Nature is pleased with simplicity and nature is n dummy
C. Chinese ancients always pursued the harmny between nature and human beings
D. It reminds us that the past utbreaks did severe damage t the human sciety
E. Althugh we dn't knw fr sure what first caused the utbreak f NCP
F. The 2019-nCV is similar t a virus fund in a bat in 2017
G. The nly mther f human beings is nw facing a great threat—envirnmental prblem
3.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Christmas can mean different things t different peple. Fr many peple it means eating a lt, spending time with family and visiting relatives and friends. ①________
②________
In ancient times, peple had mid-winter festivals when the days were shrt and the nights were very lng. ③________ The Rmans decrated their hmes with green plants in December t remind Saturn, their harvest gd, t return the fllwing spring. In the year 440, the Christian church decided that the birth f Christ shuld be celebrated every year n December 25th. Sme f these ancient custms were adpted by early Christians as part f their celebratins f the birthday f Jesus Christ.
Christmas Cards
It’s very cmmn t send Christmas cards t friends,family, clleagues,classmates and neighbrs in the weeks leading up t December 25th. Christmas was traditinally a time fr helping ther peple and giving mney t charities. Many peple used t send cards t charities, where a percentage f the price f each card went t charity. ④________ Peple send fewer cards than in the past as they nw send Christmas greetings by email r via Facebk.
Father Christmas (Santa Claus)
Every year small children tell Father Christmas, als knwn as Santa Claus, exactly what presents they wuld like t receive. They can write him a letter with a list f requests. On the night f December 24th, Father Christmas travels thrugh the sky n a sleigh pulled by magic reindeer and delivers presents t children. Hw des he enter the children’s huses?​⑤________
A. The Origins f Christmas
B. The Activities at Christmas
C. Via the chimney,f curse!
D. Hwever, things have changed.
E. Fr children it ften means presents, presents and mre presents!
F. Mst peple attach great imprtance t the family reunin dinner.
G They believed that their ceremnies wuld help the sun's pwer return.
答案以及解析
1.答案：FGDAB
解析：
语篇解读:发光二极管的使用在我们的日常生活中极为普遍,难怪三位发展了蓝光LED的科学家获得了2014年诺贝尔物理学奖。
①解析:发光二极管照亮我们的电视屏、电脑屏、手机屏等几乎每一件电子产品,故F项(它们也照亮我们的家和办公室)符合上下文语境。
②解析:上文提到LED灯的性能以及优点,下文提到几个科学家因蓝光LED的研究而获奖,故此处选择G项(然而如果没有蓝光LED的发明,所有这些也将不会成为可能),说明蓝光LED的重要性。
③解析:上文提到紧凑型荧光灯比白炽灯更高效,下文提到紧凑型荧光灯不受欢迎的原因,故选D项(然而它们并不是很受人欢迎)承上启下。
④解析:此处与上文中的came up with the idea相呼应。A项紧承上文,提示下文要介绍上文所提出的该想法的原理。
⑤解析:上文提到电子轨道和行星轨道有相似之处,下文提到了不同点,故B项(但二者有区别)承上启下。
2.答案：①-⑤ BFCEA
解析：①根据后文 Indeed, Mther Nature can prvide almst everything human beings need if we fllw her rules. But if we break the rules, she is likely t be cruel and lash ut(迅猛攻击）at us.可知，本段在讲述大自然的法则。因此可推知设空句应是引用了牛顿的话来总结大自然的法则。B选项 Nature is pleased with simplicity and nature is n dummy (自然喜欢简单，自然不是傀儡）概括了这一法则。故选B项。
②根据前文 The utbreak f the nvel crnavirus pneumnia (NCP) in China and sme ther cuntries at the beginning f this year is an example.可知，本段在以新型冠状病毒肺炎为例进行举例论证，因此设空句以及本段后文内容应是在解释这种新型冠状病毒的由来。F选项The2019-nCV is similar t a virus fund in a bat in 2017(新型冠状病毒与2017年在一只蝙蝠体内发现的一种病毒类似）对其进行了分析，符合语境。故选F项。
③根据前文 In the ancient times, peple needed t rely n nature t survive s they held it in awe.可知，本段的主题为人与自然的关系，C 选项 Chinese ancients always pursued the harmny between nature and human beings (中国古人历来追求自然与人类的和谐）符合主题，且呼应前文的举例。故选 C项。
④后文 Brian Lamacraft said at Medium, it's time fr peple t“reflect n ur relatinship with ur planet” and “recnnect with this wrld and everything that we've been given”.中提及的it's time应是指新冠肺炎时期，说明设空句会提及新冠肺炎，且与后文形成让步关系。E选项Althugh we dn't knw fr sure what first caused the utbreak f NCP(虽然我们不确定起初是什么导致了新冠肺炎的暴发）符合语境。故选E项。
⑤设空句在最后一段段末，应是对段落内容或全文的总结。根据前文 Brian Lamacraft said at Medium, it's time fr peple t “reflect n ur relatinship with ur planet” and “recnnect with this wrld and everything that we've been given”.可知，本段再次强调了人与自然的关系。A选项 Nature is nt the place t visit; it's ur hme(自然不是参观的地方，而是我们的家）合理总结了本段内容。故选A项。
3.答案：EAGDC
解析：本文是说明文。文章介绍了关于圣诞节的一些相关知识。
【小题1】空前一句提到“Fr many peple it means eating a lt, spending time with family and visiting relatives and friends.(对很多人来说,这意味着要有很多吃的、有时间与家人在一起、走亲访友。)”,由此推知下文应陈述圣诞节对另一些人的意义。E项“Fr children it ften means presents, presents and mre presents!(对孩子们来说,它通常意味着礼物、礼物、更多的礼物。)”符合语境,其中“Fr children it ften means…”与空前一句中“Fr many peple it means…”句式并列,也是对该段首句“Christmas can mean different things t different peple.(圣诞节对不同的人有不同的意义。)”的补充说明。故选E。
【小题2】该空是该段的小标题,也是该段的主题句;下文提到“The Rmans decrated their hmes with green plants in December t remind Saturn, their harvest gd, t return the fllwing spring.(罗马人在12月用绿色植物装饰他们的家,以提醒他们的丰收之神Saturn在来年春天回来。)”;“In the year 440, the Christian church decided that the birth f Christ shuld be celebrated every year n December 25th.Sme f these ancient custms were adpted by early Christians as part f their celebratins f the birthday f Jesus Christ.(公元440年,基督教会决定在每年的12月25日庆祝基督的诞生。其中一些古老的习俗被早期的基督徒采用,作为他们庆祝耶稣诞辰的一部分。)”,由此可知,该段是说明圣诞节的起源。A项“The Origins f Christmas(圣诞节的起源)”可以作为该段的小标题。故选A。
【小题3】下文“The Rmans decrated their hmes with green plants in December t remind Saturn, their harvest gd, t return the fllwing spring.(罗马人在12月用绿色植物装饰他们的家,以提醒他们的丰收之神土星在下一个春天回来。)”与G项“他们相信他们的仪式能帮助太阳恢复能量”承接自然;选项中“their ceremnies”指代空后一句中的“The Rmans decrated their hmes with green plants”;“help the sun's pwer return”与空后一句中的“remind Saturn… t return”语义相符。由此可知,空后一句是顺承G项的话题。故选G。
【小题4】上文“It's very cmmn t send Christmas cards t friends, family, clleagues, classmates and neighbrs…”说明在圣诞节前,人们通常寄圣诞卡给朋友、家人、同事、同学和邻居;空后一句提到“Peple send fewer cards than in the past as they nw send Christmas greetings by email r via Facebk.”说明现在人们送圣诞卡片的数量减少了,而是通过电子邮件或Facebk发送圣诞祝福;由此可知D项“然而,情况变了”符合语境。D项中“things have changed.”说明情况已经发生了变化;空后一句中“Peple send fewer cards than in the past”是对D项中“things have changed”的进一步说明。故选D。
【小题5】空前一句“Hw des he enter the children's huses?”是问圣诞老人是如何进入孩子们的房子的;C 项“Via the chimney, f curse!(当然是通过烟囱!)”是对空前一句问题的回答,符合语境。故选C。