高中英语Unit 1 A land of diversity课时作业

Unit 1　Section Ⅱ

Ⅰ．单词拼写

1．As soon as I'd got through________(海关)I felt at home．

2．Her parents are both________(社会主义者)．

3．He reported on the whole event to the________(副的)primer．

4．Go straight ahead and turn left at the second________(十字路口)．

5．The possibility that she might be wrong never even o________to her．

6．There were over 500________(申请人)for the job．

7．My little________(侄子)is very naughty．

8．It was a________that he knew nothing about the plan．

答案：1．customs　2．socialists　3．vice　4．crossing　5．occurred　6．applicants　7．nephew　8．apparent

Ⅱ．用合适的引导词填空

1．Actually，girls can be________they want to be just like boys，whether it is a pilot，a nurse，or a general manager．

2．________is clear is that some voluntary code of practice among scientists has to be agreed．

3．________fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect．

4．Tom seems not to have grasped________the teacher meant，________greatly upsets his teacher．

5．________the students suggested was________they be given more free time to arrange their studies．

6．The reason that he gave for his coming late is________his car broke down halfway．

7．No one is sure________global warming can be solved in one hundred years．

8．The factory is built in________was once a wasteland in the suburbs ten years ago．

9．________satisfied us most was________he had said and done to poor village children．

10．What some teenagers don't realize is________difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs．

答案：1．whatever　2．What　3．That　4．what； which

5．What；that　6．that　7．whether　8．what　9．What；what　10．how

Ⅲ．完形填空

I used to believe in the American Dream，which meant a job，a mortgage (按揭)，credit cards，success．I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else，all of us __1__ chasing the same thing．

One year，through a series of unhappy events，it all fell __2__．I found myself homeless and alone．I had my truck and $56．I __3__ the countryside for some place I could rent for the __4__ possible amount．I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road __5__ the Potomac River in West Virginia．It was  __6__，full of broken glass and rubbish．I found the owner，rented it，and __7__ a corner to camp in．

The locals knew nothing about me，__8__ slowly，they started teaching me the __9__ of being a neighbor．They dropped off blankets，candles，and tools，and began __10__ around to chat．They started to teach me a belief in a __11__ American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of __12__．

What I had believed in，all those things I thought were __13__ for a civilized life，were nonexistent in this place．__14__ on the mountain，my most valuable possessions were my __15__ with my neighbors．

Four years later，I moved back into __16__．I saw many people were having a really hard time，__17__their jobs and homes．I managed to rent a big enough house to __18__ a handful of people．There are four of us now in the house，but over time I've had nine people come in and move on to other places．We'd all be in __19__ if we hadn't banded together．

The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one．It's not so much about what I can get for myself； it's about __20__ we can all get by together．

文章大意：本文为记叙文。作者原本信仰所谓的美国梦，他和其他人一样都追求个人的成就。然而，有一年作者遭遇打击，变得无家可归、一无所有，这时他在乡下找到一个破旧的小屋住下，在那里他感受到邻居们给予他的关怀。从此之后，他对美国梦有了新认识，美国梦不是追求个人的成就，而是追求群体的成功。后来，作者重返城里帮助其他人。

1．A．separately　　　　　　 B．equally

C．violently  D．naturally

答案：A　逻辑推理题。根据下文可知，作者改变了原来认为美国梦就是追求个人的成就的想法，此处句意为：我们所有人都分别追求同样的事情。A项“独立地，分别地”；B项“平等地，同样地”；C项“暴力地”；D项“自然地”。

2．A．off　　　 B．apart　　

C．over　　 D．out

答案：B　词语辨析题。A项fall off“数量减少，质量下降”；B项fall apart “破碎，破裂”； C项fall over“被……绊倒”； D项fall out“掉落，脱落”。从下文可知，作者的美国梦经过一连串不幸的事情后破灭了。

3．A．crossed   B．left

C．toured  D．searched

答案：D　词语搭配题。固定短语search．．．for．．．，意思为“在……范围内搜查寻找……”。

4．A．fullest   B．largest  

C．fairest  D．cheapest

答案：D　逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知，作者已经无家可归、身无分文，只能寻找最便宜的住处，因此选择D项，cheapest意为“最便宜的”。

5．A．at  B．through

C．over   D．round

答案：C　词语辨析题。A项at表示“在……(小的地点)”；B项through表示“经过，穿过”； C项over表示“在……上方“；D项round表示“在……周围”。本句中房子一定在河流的上方，因此答案为C。

6．A．occupied  B．abandoned

C．emptied   D．robbed

答案：B　逻辑推理题。A项“占据，占领”；B项“放弃，遗弃”；C项“清空”；D项“抢劫”。从下文的“full of broken glass and rubbish”可知，作者找到了一个被人遗弃的房子。

7．A．turned  B．approached

C．cleared  D．cut

答案：C　逻辑推理题。根据上文“full of broken glass and rubbish”可知，作者需要清理房子，clear可以作动词“清理”，因此答案为C项。

8．A．but  B．although

C．otherwise  D．for

答案：A　句式结构题。两句之间为转折关系，他们对我一无所知，但慢慢地，他们开始教我……。

9．A．benefit  B．lesson 

C．nature  D．art

答案：D　逻辑推理题。从下文的邻居的做法可知本句句意为：慢慢地他们开始教我做邻居的艺术。

10．A．sticking  B．looking 

C．swinging   D．turning

答案：A　词语搭配题。句意：他们开始过来聊天。stick around(在某处)逗留，呆在……附近，固定短语。

11．A．wild   B．real

C．different  D．remote

答案：C　逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知，作者对于美国梦的态度发生了变化，因此选择C项different，意为“不同的”。

12．A．neighborliness   B．happiness

C．friendliness   D．kindness

答案：A　词汇复现题。文中多次出现neighbors。

13．A．unique   B．expensive

C．rare   D．necessary

答案：D　词语辨析题。A项“独特的”；B项“昂贵的”；C项“稀少的，罕见的”；D项“必须的”。句意：我原本认为的文明生活所需的东西在这个地方并不存在。

14．A．Up  B．Down

C．Deep   D．Along

答案：A　词汇复现题。第二段中有“up a winding mountain road”。

15．A．cooperation  B．relationships

C．satisfaction  D．appointments

答案：B　背景常识题。句意：我和邻居之间的关系是我最为宝贵的财富。relationship意为“关系”。A项“ 合作”； C项“满意”；D项“约定”。

16．A．reality  B．society 

C．town   D．life

答案：C　逻辑推理题。从上下文可知，作者先是在穷困潦倒时搬到乡下，此处搬回到城里，因此答案为town。back是个重要提示。

17．A．creating  B．losing 

C．quitting   D．offering

答案：B　逻辑推理题。从文中可知作者现在开始回馈社会，帮助那些失去工作和家庭的人们。

18．A．put in  B．turn in

C．take in   D．get in

答案：C　词语辨析题。A项“放进，提交，正式提出”；B项“上交”；C项“吸收，领进，理解，欺骗”；D项“进入，收获”。句意：我租了一个足够大的房子以收容一些人。

19．A．yards  B．shelters 

C．camps   D．cottages

答案：B　背景常识题。B项shelter意为“收容所”，根据常识可知，无家可归的人一般都会被政府安置到收容所里。A项“院子”；C项“营地”；D项“农舍”。

20．A．when  B．what

C．whether   D．how

答案：D　逻辑推理题。句意：这不是关于我自己能够得到什么的问题，而是怎样才能使我们所有的人一起生活的问题。从句缺少状语，可排除B、C，结合上下文和句意可知D为最佳选项。

Ⅳ．阅读理解

A

Today，several of  the world's nearly 7，000 languages face a serious risk of extinction． “For example，Ainu，a language in Japan，is now seriously threatened，with only 10 native speakers left，” said lead study author Tatsuya Amano at the University of Cambridge in England．

The scientists found that 25 percent of the world's languages are threatened． After identifying where the endangered languages were，they looked for any environmental，social or economic factors those languages might have in common，such as rugged terrain or rapid population growth． “We found that on a global scale，language speaker declines are strongly linked to economic growth—that is，declines are particularly occurring in economically developed regions，” Amano said．

“One important implication of this new study is that languages in the tropics and the Himalayan region are likely to be increasingly threatened in the near future，because these regions still have many local indigenous(土生土长的) languages with a small number of speakers，and at the same time are experiencing rapid economic growth，” Amano said．

Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons．For instance，speakers of endangered languages may view another more dominant language as offering economic opportunities，and thus give up their own languages．There are other important factors that might endanger languages，the researchers said．For instance，policies regarding how languages are used and taught in schools can be very different among countries and even within each country，and these factors may explain more detailed patterns in language endangerment．

Amano suggested it could be possible to forecast future threats to linguistic diversity． “There exists detailed information about projected future changes in the environment，economies and climates，”Amano said． “Using such information，together with the findings of this study and further analysis，we would like to understand what will happen to the world's languages，where it will happen and which languages will be threatened in particular．”

文章大意：文章介绍了世界上许多语言面临灭绝的危险。作者举例说明了造成这种情况的几种因素。

1．Ainu is mentioned in Paragraph 1 in order to tell us that________．

A．Japanese is now seriously threatened

B．few people speak Japanese in the world

C．Japanese is made up of many languages

D．it is most likely to disappear in the future

答案：D　推理判断题。文章第一段首句提到世界上许多语言面临着灭绝的危险，接着以日本的阿伊努语为例，这说明该语言在未来有可能消失。

2．What may  endanger  the  languages  most according to Amano？

A．The diversity of society．

B．The development of economy．

C．The decline of the population．

D．The improvement of the environment．

答案：B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的language speaker declines are strongly linked to economic growth可知，Amano认为经济的发展有可能引起某种语言的使用人数减少，使得这种语言濒临灭绝。

3．The writer shows us the reasons why languages are endangered by________．

A．offering some examples

B．performing some experiments

C．telling some interesting stories

D．making a list of important facts

答案：A　细节理解题。作者在第四段举出事例分析语言会濒临灭绝的原因，故A项为正确答案。

4．We can learn from the last paragraph that________．

A．world's languages are developing rapidly

B．the study is very important to languages

C．future threats to languages can be predicted

D．it is rather hard for us to protect languages

答案：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段首句可知，语言受到威胁的情况是可以预见的。

B

If you are planning to study in the United States，you need to consider several factors．First，everyone has different opinions about where is the best place to live． Also，the best places to live are not always home to the best schools． Finally，many schools specialize in different areas of study． The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (麻省理工学院)，for example，is a great school for computer science and technology­related fields of study． However，if you want to study oceanography(海洋学)，your interests may be better served by attending a school that is on a coastline or near the ocean．

Now I am sure that you have known which schools are considered the best in the country． So I will tell you about which states I believe are the best to live in．

California is a nice state． Northern California specifically has very good weather． Los Angeles in Southern California is another story though． Life in Los Angeles is fast，full of excitement and sometimes dangerous． As for me，I enjoy the time I spent in Massachusetts，Virginia and Maryland，because these states have a lot of history and culture． The weather is not as perfect as Northern California，but it is still quite nice． My favorite area of America is the Midwest． Middle America，I think，is home to the true American sense of values． In addition，there are many good universities．

Also，you need to think about your likes and dislikes and then research the various states． You like sunshine and hate snow？ Then you probably won't like the Midwest or even the Northeast． Open space，nature，peace and quiet？ Then you probably should stay away from America's large cities．Are you interested in government？ Then Washington              D．C．is the only place for you． Whatever you decide，put some thought into it． The place you live in could be the difference between a great study­abroad experience and a state of great suffering on earth．

文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国适宜学习和居住的州的情况。

5．From the first paragraph we can conclude that in the USA________．

A．all colleges and universities lie in big cities

B．all colleges and universities lie in beautiful places

C．famous colleges and universities lie in nice places

D．famous colleges and universities may not lie in nice places

答案：D　推理判断题。由第一段中的“the best places to live are not always home to the best schools”可知，有好大学的地方不一定最适合居住。故选D。

6．What，according to the writer，should be considered first if you want to study in the USA？

A．The climate． B．The scenery．

C．The study condition． D．The living condition．

答案：C　细节理解题。由第一段内容可知，作者认为想去美国学习首先应考虑学习条件。

7．From the third paragraph we can find that________．

A．California is the best place to live in

B．California is the worst place to live in

C．California is a state with different climates

D．California is a small state in the USA

答案：C　细节理解题。由第三段中的“Northern California specifically has very good weather”和“The weather is not as perfect as Northern California，but it is still quite nice”可知，加利福尼亚州有不同的气候。故选C。

8．If you study in Middle America，you can probably________．

A．find the best universities

B．feel the real character of the nation

C．meet the most famous professors there

D．face more difficulties

答案：B　细节理解题。由第三段中的“Middle America，I think，is home to the true American sense of value”可知选B。