高中英语选修8Unit 3 Inventors and inventions达标测试

Unit 3　Section Ⅱ

Ⅰ．用本单元所学单词填空

1．The________(严寒的)weather chilled me to the bone．

2．The________(蔬菜水果商)tried to sell my wife some overripe fruit．

3．I used my driver's license as i________．

4．I can find his telephone number in the telephone d________．

5．Put in the money before d________．

6．The crops were drowned by the heavy r________．

7．They have imprisoned an________(清白的，无辜的)man．

8．The 15th of the first month in the lunar calendar in the L________Festival．

9．She________(忍受)pain with great courage．

10．I can not bear the traffic j________．

答案：1．freezing　2．greengrocer　3．identification　4．directory　5．dialing　6．rainfall　7．innocent　8．Lantern　9．bears

10．jam

Ⅱ．完成句子

1．由我带大的她的女儿现在已经开始工作了。

Her daughter ________ ________ ________ ________ has begun to work now．

2．那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了。

The ________ ________ soon calmed down．

3．他不想让这样的问题在会上讨论。

He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ at the meeting．

4．屋外景色迷人，白雪覆盖着大地。

The outside sight looks beautiful ________ ________ ________ ________ ________．

5．他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。

They are going to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ white．

6．汤姆听起来对这份工作非常感兴趣，但是我不确定是否他能做好。

Tom ________ ________ ________ ________ the job，but I'm not sure whether he can manage it．

答案：1．brought up by me　2．inspired soldier　3．won't like such questions discussed　4．with everything covered with snow

5．have the entrance hall painted　6．sounds very interested in

Ⅲ．用恰当词语或形式填空

1．—How long have you been studying in this senior high school？

—Less than two years and a half．

—So it will be half a year________you graduate from this school．

答案：before　考查before的用法。句意：——你在这所高中学习有多长时间了？——不到两年半。——那么半年后你才高中毕业。It＋be＋时间段＋before句型表示“……之后才……”。根据句意和此句型，填before。

2．The President has to ________ the blame．

答案：bear　考查动词词义。句意：总统难辞其咎。bear the blame“受责备”。

3．He still had not the courage to ________ (靠近)her．

答案：approach

4．I ________ with(产生共鸣) the heroine of the novel．

答案：identified　考查动词在具体语境中的使用。句意：我与小说中的那个女主人公感同身受。identify with sb．“与……产生共鸣”。

5．What do you think of the party ________ (hold)last week？

答案：held　考查非谓语作定语的用法。句意：你认为上周举行的晚会怎么样？分析句子成分可知，横线处作定语，又因为the party与hold之间为被动关系，且表完成，所以填held。

6．Generally speaking，prices of daily goods ________ (buy)through the Internet are lower than store prices．

答案：bought　考查非谓语动词。句意：总的来说，从网上购买的日常用品的价格要低于从商店购买的价格。buy和其逻辑主语goods是动宾关系，所以应该用过去分词表被动。

7．Children ________ (expose)to difficult situations are better at handling those ________ (challenge)tasks．

答案：exposed； challenging　考查分词作定语的用法。expose．．．to意思是：让……接触……。children与expose之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语，表被动；第二空后的tasks是表示物的名词，所以用challenging，意思为“富有挑战的”。

8．Most companies' marketing effort is focused on getting customers，with little attention ________ (pay)to keeping them．

答案：paid　考查非谓语动词。句意：大部分公司的营销工作以赢得顾客为中心，而很少注意留住他们。本句的后半句是介词with的复合结构，attention和pay之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词表示被动。

9．They will have you ________ (arrest)if you don't pay taxes，because it is everyone's duty to pay taxes．

答案：arrested　考查非谓语动词的用法。have sb．done中，过去分词表被动，表示“某人被……”。这里是被捕，所以填arrested。

10．I noticed my little son ________ (read)the words ________ (write)on his small blackboard．

答案：read； written　考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我注意到我的小儿子在读写小黑板上的单词。notice sb．do sth．“看见某人做某事”；words和write之间是被动的关系，所以用过去分词作定语，修饰words。

Ⅳ．阅读理解

A

Ontario children are supposed to get 20 minutes of exercise at school every day to boost their heart rates and improve fitness．But a new study suggests schools are falling short of the requirement，despite rising health concerns over kids who are fatter and more inactive than ever before．

University of  Toronto  researchers  tracked almost 900 students in 16 Toronto elementary schools and found that fewer than half were getting the daily physical activity (DPA) each day．No one of the students，ages 10 through 12，got a full 20 minutes of sustained exercise．“The results show that the majority of schools are not meeting the required frequency (five days) or intensity (at least 20 minutes)  of the DPA policy，” the researchers concluded．

The research suggests the practice can make a difference．Kids who did get the required daily exercise were more active than their peers．Those who had at least one bout (场) of vigorous activity were also more likely to meet the exercise guidelines for kids and were less likely to be overweight．

The findings likely won't come as a surprise to many educators．Last month the annual survey by the research reported that many schools described the daily exercise as “a low priority” in an already packed school day．School principals surveyed said they struggled to deliver it because of insufficient equipment，  space，  teacher   training   and commitment．

     Toronto teacher Karyn Awrey makes it a priority because she says the trade­offs are worth it for her Grade 3 students at Swansea Public School．They are better able to focus and learn when they get regular exercise．

Awrey says she's lucky because kids at her school get exercise twice a week from a gym teacher and swimming once a week in the nearby community center．On the other days，she gets them huffing_and_puffing outside，in the classroom or in the gym at fitness stations．

文章大意：一项调查的结果显示，大多数在校学生每周锻炼的时间不足五天，每天连续锻炼的时间不到二十分钟，这对学生的健康十分不利。专家认为，适当的锻炼是必要的。

1．According to the DPA policy，the students________．

A．may have many health problems

B．should get enough daily exercise

C．have to go to school every day

D．must exercise less than 20 minutes

答案：B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可以推知，DPA的政策要求学生每天应该进行足够的锻炼。

2．The students at Swansea Public School________．

A．have benefited a lot from regular exercise

B．are forced to do more exercise every day

C．needn't work hard at their lessons at all

D．have the right to do whatever they like

答案：A　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可以推知，这所学校的学生经常进行身体锻炼后受益良多。

3．What does the underlined phrase “huffing and puffing”  in the last paragraph probably mean？

A．Learning from each other．

B．Joining in all kinds of activities．

C．Shouting and laughing a lot．

D．Performing a task in cooperation．

答案：B　词义猜测题。根据最后一段首句可知，Awrey的学生会参加一些锻炼身体的活动，故画线短语的意思应该是“参加活动”。

B

How fit are your teeth？ Are you lazy about brushing them？ Never fear： An inventor is on the case．An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush，and it lets you track your performance on your phone．

     The Kolibree toothbrush was exhibited at the International Consumer Electronics Show in LasVegas this week．It senses how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connection．

The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right (don't forget the insides of the teeth！)and make sure you're brushing long enough．“It's kind of like having a dentist actually watch your brushing on a day­to­day basis，” says Thomas Serval，the French inventor．

The toothbrush will also be able to talk to other applications on your phone，so developers could，for instance，create a game controlled by your toothbrush．You could score points for beating monsters among your teeth．“We try to make it smart but also fun，”Serval says．

Serval says he was inspired by his experience as a father．He would come home from work and ask his kids if they had brushed their teeth．They said “yes，” but Serval would find their toothbrush heads dry．He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his children brushed．

The company says the Kolibree will go on sale this summer，for $ 99 to $ 199，depending on features．The U．S．is the first target market．

Serval says that one day，it'll be possible to replace the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera．The camera can even examine holes in your teeth while you brush．

文章大意：本文主要讲述了一种新式牙刷及其多种功能。

4．Which is one of the features of the Kolibree toothbrush？

A．It can sense how users brush their teeth．

B．It can track users' school performance．

C．It can detect users' fear of seeing a dentist．

D．It can help users find their phones．

答案：A　细节理解题。由第一段的第四句话可知，牙刷检测刷牙的时间和好坏。故选A项。

5．What can we learn from Serval's words in Paragraph 3？

A．You will find it enjoyable to see a dentist．

B．You should see your dentist on a day­to­day basis．

C．You can brush with the Kolibree as if guided by a dentist．

D．You'd like a dentist to watch you brush your teeth every day．

答案：C　推理判断题。根据第三段的It's kind of like having a dentist actually watch your brushing on a day­to ­day basis可知答案。

6．Which of the following might make the Kolibree toothbrush fun？

A．It can be used to update mobile phones．

B．It can be used to play mobile phone games．

C．It can send messages to other users．

D．It can talk to its developers．

答案：B　细节理解题。根据第四段的create a game controlled by your toothbrush可知答案。

7．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about？

A．How Serval found out his kids lied to him．

B．Why Serval thought brushing teeth was necessary．

C．How Serval taught his kids to brush their teeth．

D．What inspired Serval to invent the toothbrush．

答案：D　段落大意题。根据第五段的第一句话he was inspired by．．．可知第五段主要讲述了他制作牙刷的灵感。

8．What can we infer about Serval's children？

A．They were unwilling to brush their teeth．

B．They often failed to clean their toothbrushes．

C．They preferred to use a toothbrush with a dry head．

D．They liked brushing their teeth after Serval came home．

答案：A　推理判断题。根据第五段孩子的假装已刷牙，可知他们并不愿意刷牙。

9．What can we learn about the future development of the Kolibree？

A．The brush handle will be removed．

B．A mobile phone will be built into it．

C．It will be used to fill holes in teeth．

D．It will be able to check users' teeth．

答案：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的The camera can examine holes in your teeth while you brush可知牙刷具有检查功能。

Ⅴ．七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

 Do you have a LED(发光二极管) in your pocket？ Chances are you might say no—not realizing that your cellphone has a screen lit by LEDs！

LEDs (or light­emitting diodes) are brightening up our televisions，computer screens，cellphones and nearly every electronic product we use today．__1__

Not just that．LEDs produce bright white light，use energy efficiently，last much longer and are environmentally friendly．__2__It is no wonder that the Nobel Committee has awarded the 2014 Physics Prize to three scientists who developed the blue LED—Professors Shuji Nakamura，Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano．

Electric bulbs have come a long way from the first incandescent bulb(白炽灯) developed by Thomas Edison in 1879．Then came the CFL bulb(紧凑型荧光灯)．The mercury molecules(水银分子) inside a CFL tube can be excited by passing electricity，and send light．CFL bulbs are more efficient than the incandescent ones．__3__For one，the bulbs are expensive，and the mercury inside them can be poisonous if the bulbs break．

In 1962，Nick Holonyak came up with the idea of the LED．__4__Some special materials (called semiconductors) can be made to emit light when electricity is sent through them．You may know that atoms consist of electrons moving around a nucleus(原子核)—just as the planets orbit around our Sun．__5__Electrons can also jump between orbits！

A．The science is simple．

B．But there is a difference．

C．How efficient are LED lights？

D．However，they did not become very popular．

E．They are efficient enough to run on solar power．

F．They are lighting up our homes and offices as well．

G．But all this would not have been possible without the invention of the blue­colored LED．

1．____________　2．____________　3．____________　4．____________　5．____________

文章大意：发光二极管的使用在我们的日常生活中极为普遍，难怪2014年诺贝尔物理学奖被授予三位发展了蓝光LED的科学家。

答案：

1．F　发光二极管照亮我们的电视屏、电脑屏、手机屏等几乎每一件电子产品，故F项(它们也照亮我们的家和办公室)符合上下文语境。

2．G　上文提到LED灯的性能以及优点，下文提到几个科学家因蓝光LED的研究而获奖，故此处选择G项(然而如果没有蓝光LED的发明，所有这些也将不会成为可能)，说明蓝光LED的重要性。

3．D　上文提到紧凑型荧光灯比白炽灯更高效，下文提到紧凑型荧光灯不受欢迎的原因，故选D项(然而它们不是很受人欢迎)承上启下。

4．A　此处与上文中的came up with the idea相呼应。A项紧承上文，提示下文要介绍上文所提出的该想法的原理。

5．B　上文提到电子轨道和行星轨道有相似之处，下文提到了不同点，故B项(然而二者有区别)承上启下。

Ⅵ．短文改错

阅读短文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误仅限1词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Before lunch Allen happened to see a man fished in a water hole about five metre outside a bar．Allen stopped curiously．All people passing over the man who was fishing regarded him like a foolish man．Therefore，Allen said kindly to fish­catcher，“Hello，will you please do me a favor and have a drink with me in the bar？” The man gladly received his invitation．After buying the man several cups of soft drinks，Allen asked，“You are fishing there，right？ May I know how much fish you have caught this morning？” “You are the number 8，” said the man humorous．

答案：

Before lunch Allen happened to see a man  in a water hole about five  outside a bar．Allen stopped curiously．All people passing  the man who was fishing regarded him  a foolish man．，Allen said kindly to  fish­catcher，“Hello，will you please do me a favor and have a drink with me in the bar？” The man gladly  his invitation．After buying the man several cups of soft drinks，Allen asked，“You  fishing there，right？ May I know how  fish you have caught this morning？” “You are the number 8，” said the man ．