人教版 (新课标)必修1&2必修2Unit 2 The Olympic Games优秀导学案

精讲

年级：高一年级   科目：英语   类型：同步

知识点：基础词汇

Ⅰ.核心单词

1．________(n.)志愿者；志愿兵；(adj.)志愿的；义务的；(vt.& vi.)自愿

2．________(vt.& vi.)收费；控诉；(n.)费用；主管

3．________(vi.)讨价还价；讲条件；(n.)便宜货

4．________(vi.& vt.)应受(报答或惩罚)；值得

5．________(vi.)比赛；竞争→________(n.)→________(adj.)竞争的；有竞争性的→________(n.)竞争者

6．________(adj.)规则的；定期的；常规的→________(n.)规则；规章制度

7．________(n.)基础；根据→________(pl.)→________(adj.)基本的，基础的

8．________(vt.& vi.)容许；承认；接纳→________(n.)准入；准许

9．________(n.)责任；职责→________(adj.)有责任心的

10．________(vt.& vi.)做广告；登广告→________(n.)广告商→________(n.)广告

——词不离句，句不离段

The athletes are admitted to attending the competition after the regular physical examination.

They compete for glory as well as medals as their motto. Nowadays you can see volunteers in the gymnasium or in the stadium.Their responsibility is to serve and it deserves praise.

Ⅱ.重点短语

1．主管；看管________________________　  2．故意地；蓄意地___________________ 

3．与某人达成协议 ____________________

4．拾起；接收；搭车；恢复；好转；(偶然)学会 ______________________

5．计算出；理解；解决；锻炼________________   6．陆续地；一个接一个地 _____________

7．compete in__________________       8．take part in______________________ 

9．stand for ___________________     10．as well_________________________ 

.经典句式

1．nor放于句首的倒装句

No other countries could join in，________________________(奴隶和妇女也不能参加)!

2．not only...but(also)．..不仅……而且……

Women are __________________(不但允许)，______________(而且在……中发挥重要作用) gymnastics，athletics，team sports and...

3．as much＋不可数名词/a(an)＋单数名词＋as...“和……(程度上)是一样的”

There's __________________(国与国之间的竞争) to host the Olympics______________(跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈)．

4．the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)越……就越……

This is important because________________________(你说英语越多，你的英语就越好)．

[词 汇 精 解]

1 compete vi.竞争，比赛

(教材原句)How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games?

在古代奥运会中，有多少国家参加竞赛？

(1)compete in参加(比赛，竞争)

  compete with/against sb和某人对抗   compete for sth为了……而竞争

  compete with sb/sth与……媲美，比得上

(2)competition n．比赛 (3)competitive adj.有竞争力的 (4)competitor n．比赛者；对手

We can't compete with them on price. 我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。

语境巧记

As the youngest ________，I had to ________ the  writing contest ________ 20 other top students for the annual writing award.I must be very ________ to be the winner.

作为最年轻的比赛者，我必须和另外20个顶尖的学生在写作比赛中去竞争以争得这场年度的写作奖；要成为获胜者，我必须有很强的竞争力。

2 admit vt.&vi.容许，承认；接纳，容纳

(教材原句)Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。

(1)admit

(2)admission n．准许进入；入场费；承认

①(2012·重庆·阅读理解D)Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment.

他们中的一些人拒绝承认人类活动对环境造成的严重威胁。

②He was admitted into Beijing University last year. 去年他被北京大学录取。

③你也许不喜欢她，但你必须承认她胜任工作。

You may not like her，but you______________ .

④一些部长私下承认失业率可能继续升高。

Some ministers________________that unemployment could continue to________.

3 charge n．费用；主管；vt &vi.收费；控诉；充电

(教材原句)．..duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong.

所负担的责任以及事情出错后会陷入的麻烦

(1)charge sb for sth为某物向某人收取费用  charge sb with sth 控告某人某事

(2)take charge of 掌管；负责     in charge of 控制；管理(表主动)  

 in the charge of sb 受某人的管理(表被动)

①(2013·四川·阅读理解A)Festival food will be served without extra charge.

  节日食品将不要额外收费地提供。

②We ________________delivery if you pay now. 如果现在付款，我们将免费送货上门。

③Harry will______________the department while I'm away. 我不在时由哈利负责部门事务。

4 bargain n．便宜货；vi.讨价还价；讲条件

(教材原句)Her father said that she must marry，so Atlanta made a bargain with him.她父亲说她必须结婚，于是亚特兰大就和她的父亲达成了一个协议。

(1)make/strike a bargain 达成交易

(2)bargain about 就……讨价还价

  bargain for 为……而谈判；估计到  bargain with 和……谈判

①These toys are a real bargain at such low prices. 这些玩具的价格这么便宜，真划得来。

②(2010·江西，24)The lady walked around the shops，________an eye out for bargains.

A．keep    B．kept   C．keeping    D．to keep

③We________________such heavy rain，and got really wet.

  我们没有料到会下这么大的雨，结果浑身都湿透了。

④We've ________________that he'll do shopping and I'll cook. 我们已经讲好了，他买东西我做饭。

5 deserve vi.&vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得

(教材原句)Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race？你认为希波墨涅斯应该赢吗？

deserve to do 应该做

deserve doing＝deserve to be done 值得做 deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意

①(2013·广东·读写任务)No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore  deserves our due respect.

一个工作不管怎样普通，它都在社会中起一定作用，因此应受到我们应有的尊重。

②It's true that she made a mistake but she hardly________________her job.

她的确犯了错，但完全不至于使她丢掉工作。

③Your brother's suggestion________________. 你哥哥的建议值得考虑。

6 stand for代表，象征；表示；主张，支持；容忍

(教材原句)What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for？奥运旗帜上的五环代表什么？

stand out 突出；显眼        stand aside 靠边站

stand by 袖手旁观；站在……一边，支持……   stand up for 维护(权利)，支持

stand on one's hands/head 倒立      stand on one's feet/legs 自立；自主

根据句意用适当介词填空

①I'll stand________you whatever happens.

②What does ATM stand________？

③Our daughter is a great dancer.She stands________above the rest.

④It's time we stood________________our rights.

7 pick up拾起，捡起；偶然获得；身体等好起来

(教材原句)When she stops to pick it up，you will be able to run past her and win.当她停下来捡(苹果)的时候，你就能超过她而获胜。

He slipped and fell，but quickly picked himself up. 他失足跌倒，但马上就站了起来。

A bite of something might pick you up. 吃一点东西也许能使你振起精神。

观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义。

①He picked up French while he was staying in Paris.

②He picked up the book and gave it to her.

③This room must be picked up before the guests arrive.

④Pick me up at the hotel.

⑤We picked up the radio signals on our receiver.

⑥He has picked up some bad habits in that club.

⑦She picked up a valuable first edition at a village book sale.

⑧The girl survived from the accident，and now she is picking up.

8 as well也；又；而且(相当于too和also，常用于肯定句中，常用于句尾)

(教材原句)For each Olympics，a special village is built for them to live in，a main reception building，several stadiums for competitions，and a gymnasium as well.每届奥动会都有一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)供参赛的人住，一个主要的接待大楼，好几个供比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。

(1)as well as用作连词，连接两个相同的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词等，通常不位于句首。此时as well as强调的重点在前面，不在后面，意为“不但……而且……；既……又……；除了……之外，还有……”。翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。

(2)当主语含有as well as时，谓语动词须和as well as前面的主语在数上保持一致。此外，还有together with，along with，with，besides(but，except)，including，rather than等也属此种情况。

(3)as well as作介词，相当于besides，in addition to，意为“除……之外(还有……)”，后面通常接名词或动词­ing形式。

(4)as well as结构还可以表示比较，引导一个比较状语从句，意为“和……一样好”。

(5)may/might as well表示委婉的建议，一般是针对当时的情况提出另外的提议。意思是“不妨……，还是……吧”。

①Wind is one of our cleanest and richest  power sources(能源)，__________one of the oldest.

 风力是我们最清洁最丰富的能源，也是最古老的能源之一。

②Since Jack wouldn't take up the job，we ______________ ask Richard to do it.

 既然杰克不愿意承担这个任务，我们还是请理查德来干好了。

③(2012·四川，14)This training program can give you a lift at work，________ increase your income  by 40%.

A．as well as    B．so long as  C．so much as   D．as soon as

[句 式 诠 释]

1 as...as...像……一样

(教材原句)There's as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样的激烈。

(1)as...as...“像……一样”，第一个as是副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级；第二个as是连词，连接比较状语从句，也可以用作介词，其后接名词或代词。该结构的否定形式是not as/so...as...“不如”。

(2)使用该结构表示具体数量的比较时其构成为：as many＋可数名词复数＋as...；as much＋不可数名词＋as

①Getting rid of a bad habit is as much a struggle as forming a  good one.

摆脱坏习惯就像养成好习惯一样需要艰苦努力。

②He is ________________ his brother. 他长得不像他弟弟那样高。

③Petrol is ________________expensive ________ it was a few years ago in China.

  在中国汽油比前几年贵了两倍。

2 nor (neither)＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语的倒装句

(教材原句)No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women!

别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！

“nor/neither＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语”构成倒装句型，表示“……也不这样”，表示某人或某物也有前面说的情况(否定情况)。

①I'm not a student，nor/neither is he.＝I'm not a student.He isn't a student，either.

  我不是学生，他也不是。

②I can't swim，nor/neither can my brother. 我不会游泳，我弟弟也不会。

③If you don't go，neither shall I.  如果你不去，我也不去。

(1)so＋助动词/be/情态动词＋主语，意为“……也是如此”，表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(肯定情况)。

(2)so＋主语＋助动词/be/情态动词，表示说话人同意对方的观点或对上文内容加以强调或肯定。意为“……的确如此”。

(3)．..so it is with...，it is the same with意为“……也是这样”表示比较复杂的情况：

①肯定、否定同时存在；       ②be动词与实义动词同时存在；

③现在、过去等时态同时存在   ④If your brother can do it，________________.

如果你弟弟能做这件事，我也能。

⑤—It was cold yesterday.  ——昨天很冷。

—________________.     ——确实如此。

⑥He came here yesterday，and will stay here for another 3 days，____________________.

他昨天来这里了，将在这里住三天，他的老板也是这样。

【参考答案】

Ⅰ.核心单词

1. volunteer　 2.charge　 3.bargain　 4.deserve　 

5. compete；competition；competitive；competitor　6.regular；regulation　

7. basis；bases；basic　8.admit；admission 9．responsibility；responsible　

10. advertise；advertiser；advertisement

Ⅱ.重点短语

1. in charge　  2.on purpose　  3.make a bargain with sb　  4.pick up　

5. work out　  6.one after another 7．参加(比赛，竞赛)　   8.参加，参与　

9.代表，象征，表示     10．也；又；还

Ⅲ.经典句式

1.nor could slaves or women

2．not only allowed；but play a very important role in

3．as much competition among countries；as to win Olympic medals

4．the more you speak English，the better your English will become

[词 汇 精 解]

1 语境巧记 competitor；compete in；against；competitive

2　③have to admit that she is good at her job ④admit privately；rise

3　②won't charge for　③take charge of

4　②C　③hadn't bargained for　④made a bargain

5　②deserves to lose　③deserves consideration/considering/to be considered

6　①by　②for　③out　④up for

7　①(无意间)学会　 ②拾起　 ③整理，收拾  ④用车接(某人)　

⑤接收(信号)　  ⑥沾染　 ⑦廉价地买　  ⑧身体好转

8　①as well as　②might as well

   ③A　[考查连词。句意：这个训练项目可以使你升职，也可以使你的收入增加40%。A项   意为“也”，“除……外，(还)；”B项意为只要；C项意为“甚至于”；D项意为“一……              就……”，根据句意应选A项。]

[句 式 诠 释]

1　②not so/as tall as　③three times as；as

2　④so can I　⑤So it was　⑥so it is with his boss

精练

年级：高一年级   科目：英语   类型：同步 

知识点：词汇应用  难度 基础

总题量：3               预估总时间:30 min

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Nobody can entirely keep away from this ________(竞争的) world.

2．In my opinion，he ________ (应得)to be punished for what he did.

3．British singer，Sarah Brightman，________(承认)that she had bought a seat to fly on a Russian spaceship.

4．The boys were________(讨价)with over the toys—the peddler.

5.Six days later，the police arrested him and________(指控)him with murder.

II.单项填空

1．I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale；it was a real________．

A．exchange     B．bargain   C．trade     D．business

2．The brave man was greatly honored when the organizer announced，“You ________a medal！”

A．preserve    B．expect   C．deserve    D．reserve

3．With the popularity of network，email has largely________ the traditional letter.

A．exchanged   B．removed   C．expanded    D．replaced

4．The company provides telephone service  free of________ charge and you can dial to find out how you should               pay________charge for what you ordered.

A．/；/    B．/；a    C．a；the     D．/；the

5．—More than thirty students competed________each other in the English competition.

   —But they could only compete ________ three medals.

A．against；with    B．against；on   C．with；for    D．on；for

6．Little Tom admitted _____in the examination，_______that he wouldn't do that in future.

A．to cheat；to promise      B．cheating；promised

C．having cheated；promising    D．to have cheated；promised

7．—Next week I will go to a job interview.Will you give me some  suggestions?

—Smiling is a great way to make yourself ________．

A．stand out    B．turn out   C．work out    D．pick out

8．This is not my story，nor________the whole story.My story plays out differently.

A．is there    B．there is   C．is it     D．it is

9．There are a small number of people involved，possibly ________ twenty.

A．as few as    B．as little as  C．as many as    D．as much as

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk，thus______________．(compete)

大公司允许生产较便宜的牛奶，这样使送奶工竞争更困难。

2．Bob____________________ the murder，but he refused to admit it.(charge)

鲍勃因这起谋杀案被指控，但他没有承认。

3．Her bright clothes always make her ________________in a crowd.(stand)

她那鲜艳的衣服总能使她在人群中很显眼。

4．You can't cancel the contract，______________．(nor) 你不能取消合同，我也不能。

5．Did he admit __________________？(break) 他承认他打破了窗户吗？

【参考答案】

Ⅰ.单词拼写

　1.competitive　2.deserves　3.admitted　4.bargaining　5.charged

Ⅱ.单项填空

1　B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在一次降价销售活动中花10美元买了一件连衣裙，真是便宜。bargain“廉价货，便宜货”，a real bargain意为“真便宜”。exchange“交换，交流，兑换”；trade“交易”；business“商业；生意”。]

2　C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：当组织者宣布“你理所应当地荣获一枚奖牌”时，这位勇者感到无上光荣。preserve“维持；保护”；expect“期望”；deserve“值得；应该”；reserve“保留；预定；预约”。]

3　D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着网络的流行，电子邮件在很大程度上取代了传统书信。exchange“交换”；remove“摆脱；除去”；expand“扩展；扩张”；replace“取代，代替”。]

4　D　[free of charge“免费”，无需冠词；pay the charge for...“付……的费用”，为特指。]

5　C　[compete with sb“与某人竞争”；compete for sth“为……而竞争”。]

6　C　[句意：小汤姆承认在考试中作弊，并保证以后不再那样做了。admit后通常要接动名词作宾语，即admit doing或admit having done，据此排除A、D两项。由于第二空前缺少连词，因此admit与promise不是两个并列的谓语动词，用promised是错误的，此处用现在分词promising作伴随状语。故答案为C。]

7　A　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：“下周我要参加一个工作面试，你可以给我提供些好的建议吗？”“微笑是让你脱颖而出的最好的方法。”stand out“脱颖而出；突出”，符合句意。turn out“生产；结果是；关掉；出席；驱逐”；work out“解决；算出；实现；制定出；消耗完；弄懂”；pick out“挑选出”。]

8　C　[考查倒装句。nor位于句首引起部分倒装，排除B、D两项；再根据句意“这并不是(关于)我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事结局不同。”选代词it，代替前文的this。故答案选C。]

9　A　[本题考查as...as...结构。句意为：牵涉其中的只有少数人，可能只有20人。根据句意可知，强调少的概念，故选A。]

Ⅲ.完成句子

　1.making it difficult for milkmen to compete   2．was charged with

  3．stand out  4．nor can I

  5．breaking/having broken the window/that he had broken the window