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2020版高考英语精准备考一轮新高考地区（鲁琼辽）专用版讲义：Book2Module6
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基础知识默写
1．poster n．海报
2．actress n．女演员→actor n．演员
3．character n．角色；人物；汉字→characteristic n．特征；特色 adj.特有的；典型的
4．female adj.女的；女性的→male adj.男的；男性的
5．masterpiece n．杰作
6．graceful adj.优美的；优雅的→grace n．优美；优雅
7．interest vt.使感兴趣 n．兴趣→interesting adj.有趣的→interested adj.感兴趣的
8．brave adj.勇敢的 v．勇敢面对→bravery n．勇敢；英勇
9．moving adj.感人的→moved adj.感动的→move vt.使感动；移动
10．occasionally adv.有时；偶尔→occasional adj.偶尔的→occasion n．机会；时机
11．ad n．广告→advertise vt.做广告；宣传
12．argue vi.争论→argument n．争论，争辩；辩论
13．channel n．频道；渠道；海峡
14．entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的→entertain vt.使快乐；使有兴趣→entertainment n．娱乐；娱乐节目
15．plot n．情节
16．thriller n．充满刺激的电影→thrill vt.& vi.(使)激动 n．激动→thrilling adj.惊险的；扣人心弦的→thrilled adj.非常兴奋的，极为激动的
17．section n．部分；节
18．drama n．戏剧→dramatic adj.戏剧性的，引人注目的→dramatist n．剧作家
19．comedy n．喜剧→tragedy(反)n.悲剧→comedian n．喜剧演员
20．sword n．剑
21．fiancé n．未婚夫
22．rooftop n．屋顶
23．leap vi.跳跃；飞跃
24．setting n．(小说、戏剧、电影的)背景
25．shark n．鲨鱼
26．come out出现；出版；(消息、真相等)传出
27．fall in love with爱上；喜欢(表动作)
28．be in love with爱上；喜欢(表状态)
29．play a part (in)(在……中)扮演角色；(在……中)起作用
30．to one’s surprise令某人吃惊的是
31．tell of讲述
32．every now and then有时；偶尔
33．in surprise吃惊地
34．care about关心；顾虑；在乎
35．at the age of在……岁时
36．Brave，good and strong，Xiulian is the character we care about most.
我们最关注秀莲这个角色，她勇敢、善良、坚强。
37．Do you ever argue with your family about which TV programme to watch?
你曾为看哪个电视节目而和家人争吵吗？
38．Ask a young person in the street who the greatest American film director is，and you may get the answer Steven Spielberg.
问一下街上的年轻人：谁是美国最伟大的电影导演，你可能得到的答案是史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格。
39．He has certainly made more successful films than any other director in the west.
当然他制作的成功电影比西方其他任何导演都多。
40．But it is generally agreed，that he，more than anyone else in the history of films，understands the meaning of the word “entertainment”．
然而，人们一致认为，他比电影史上的任何一个人更懂得 “娱乐” 一词的含义。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．He was thrilled(thrill) at the prospect of seeing them again.
2．In the story, the main character(角色) has left his wife and baby.
3．They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female(女性的) stranger.(2017·江苏)
4．His masterpiece(杰作) The Great Gatsby，which made him one of the greatest American novelists.
5．Fortunately，I didn’t get any channels(频道) showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
6．At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother’s Day！” Mom was grateful and moved (move)．
(2016·四川)
7．They planned to keep the budget low by living on boiled noodles，with the occasional (occasion) hamburger shop treat.(2018·江苏)
8．Another argument(argue) against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment.
9．Now you are asked to make a poster to advertise(宣传) a sporting event.
10．The plot(情节) is a similar to that of a novel，for it is full of adventures and romance stories.
11．Despite her old age，she looks so graceful (grace) indeed that people are attracted by her.
12．Simon is a comedian(comedy) and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy.
(2016·全国Ⅱ)
13．After the trip，my family became quite interested(interest) in camping.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
14．These plays were a popular form of entertainment(entertain) in the 1920s and 1930s.
15．On my bedroom walls there were posters(海报) of my favorite movie stars.
Ⅱ.选词成篇
A new category of film 1.comes out in China，which is called DOCUMENTARY，a work，just like film or television programmes.People 2.are in love with it，because it 3.tells of political，social and historical subjects in a informative(增长见闻的) manner.
The documentary first appeared in the New York Sun in February 1926 as a review written by John Grierson，of the film “Moana” by Robert Flaherty.Now，documentaries 4.play a part in the film industry.5.Every now and then，festivals are held to help the development of the documentary industry.
The history of the documentary in China began when Western photographers came to shoot news programmes of the Opium War(鸦片战争) at the end of the 19th century.At first，Chinese photographers observed it 6.in surprise.And later they 7.fell in love with documentaries during the 1911 Revolution.8.To our surprise，documentaries have covered a wide of recordings，including the Republic of China era，AntiJapanese War，Liberation War，the founding of People’s Republic of China and China’s development ever since.Some producers 9.care about social problems，while others focus on nature.Both attracted a large crowd of audience，some of whom are just 10.at the age of four or five.
In a word，documentaries are really popular at present.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Surprised and happy，Tony stood up and accepted the prize.(形容词短语作状语)
既吃惊又高兴，托尼站起来领了奖。
2．How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.(疑问词＋不定式)
如何阻止他们在这条河里游泳是个问题。
3．China has more people/a larger population than any other country in the world.(“比较级＋than any other＋名词单数”表达最高级的用法)
中国比世界上其他任何国家的人口都多。
1．后缀ess高频名词全接触
(1)actress n．女演员
(2)waitress n．女服务员
(3)governess n．女家庭教师
(4)hostess n．女主人
(5)goddess n．女神
2．“武器”大集合
(1)sword n．剑
(2)arrow n．箭
(3)knife n．刀
(4)gun n．枪
(5)bomb n．炸弹
3．“爱上某人/结婚”相关短语汇总
(1)fall in love with 爱上，喜欢(表动作)
(2)be in love with 爱上，喜欢(表状态)
(3)be engaged to 与……订婚
(4)get married to 与……结婚(表动作)
(5)be married to 与……结婚(表状态)
4．to one’s＋抽象名词
(1)to one’s surprise 让人吃惊的是
(2)to one’s amazement 让人吃惊的是
(3)to one’s sorrow 让人悲伤的是
(4)to one’s delight 让人高兴的是
(5)to one’s excitement 让人兴奋的是
(1)in character与某人的性格相符
out of character与某人的性格不相符
(2)characteristic adj.特有的；典型的 n．特色；特性；典型
be characteristic of特有的，……的特征
It is characteristic of sb.to do...某人会做……；……正是某人的作风(特点)
[写出下列句子中character的汉语意思]
(1)At the last moment Tom decided to put in a new character to make the story seem more lively.角色
(2)—The town is so beautiful！I just love it.
—Me too.The character of the town is well preserved.特点
(3)I wish this book was written in bigger characters.文字
(4)Mr Bartman was a man of good character.性格
[一句多译]
(5)忘记带礼物来正是他的特点。
①It is characteristic of him to forget to bring a present.(characteristic)
②It is typical of him to forget to bring a present.(typical)
③It is like him to forget to bring a present.(like)
易错点拨 be characteristic of通常以“特色”作主语，以具有该特色的主体作介词of的宾语。如：Quick decision is characteristic of him.快速作出决定是他的特征。
occasion n．时刻；时节；机会；盛会；场合
on occasion(s)偶尔，有时
on the occasion of在……之际
on this/that occasion在这个/那个时候
on no occasion绝不，不会(用在句首时句子部分倒装)
(1)As he works in a remote area，he visits his parents only occasionally/on occasion(s)(偶尔)．
(2)I can remember very few occasions when he had to ask for leave because of ill health.
[句式升级]
(3)You should on no occasion do such a thing.(改为倒装句)
On no occasion should you do such a thing.
(1)argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事
argue for/against sth.支持/反对某事
argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
(2)argument n．争论；论据
beyond argument无可争论
(1)Thus，I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different，even though that might be the more risky choice.(2018·宁夏银川二中模拟)
因此，我反对复制以前的建筑风格，而主张选择新鲜和不同的东西，尽管这可能是更具风险的选择。
(2)We tried many ways to argue him into following our advice，but in vain.我们想尽各种办法说服他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。
(3)It is beyond argument that Diaoyu Islands belong to China.钓鱼岛属于中国是不争的事实。
[联想发散] 表示“说服某人做……”的其他表达形式：
talk sb.into doing...，reason sb.into doing...，persuade sb.into doing...，persuade sb.to do...，convince sb.to do...
come about发生；造成
come on快点；加油；得了吧
come to苏醒；合计；谈及，说到
come up发芽；被提出；升起；出现
come across偶遇
[写出下列句子中come out的汉语意思]
(1)The book written by Mo Yan comes out this week.出版
(2)It was a long time before the truth of the matter came out.被获知
(3)The answer to the problem came out wrong.结果是
(4)The stars came out as soon as it was dark.出来
(5)The flowers which are coming out look so beautiful in the sun.开花
(1)The first time they met，they fell in love with each other.他们第一次见面就相爱了。
(2)They married after having been in love for five years.他们相爱五年后才结婚。
易错点拨 fall in love with不能与一段时间连用；be in love with表示状态，可与一段时间连用。
(1)take...by surprise使……吃惊；突袭
in surprise惊奇地
give sb.a surprise使某人吃惊
(2)be surprised at...对……感到吃惊
be surprised to do...对做……感到吃惊
[一句多译]
(1)令我惊讶的是，他们中的许多人都表示失望。
①To my surprise，many of them expressed disappointment.
②I was surprised that many of them expressed disappointment.
③That many of them expressed disappointment surprised me.
④What surprised me was that many of them expressed disappointment.
(2)这一决定使许多人大吃一惊。
①The decision took many people by surprise.
②The decision gave many people a surprise.
③The decision surprised many people.
④Many people were surprised at the decision.
care for喜欢；照顾
take care当心
take care of照料；处理
with care小心地
(1)She thinks only of herself；she doesn’t care about other people.她只顾自己，不顾别人。
(2)As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.
(2016·天津)
随着人口平均寿命的延长，越来越多的老人需要照顾。
(3)[同义句改写] Whatever you do，you must do it carefully.
→Whatever you do，you must do it with care.
易错点拨 care about意为“介意；在乎”；care for意为“喜欢；照顾”，两者意义不同，不要混淆。
Brave，good and strong，Xiulian is the character we care about most.
我们最关注秀莲这个角色，她勇敢、善良、坚强。
brave，good and strong是形容词短语在句中作状语，表示原因。
(1)形容词(短语)可在句中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件或方式、伴随等，还可作整个句子的状语，对句子的内容作出评价。形容词(短语)作状语时往往与主句之间用逗号隔开。
(2)形容词(短语)置于句首常作原因状语。
(3)形容词(短语)置于句末常作伴随状语，表示意义上的增补，和句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
(1)Tired and breathless，the students still managed to climb to the top of Mount Tai.
又累又气喘吁吁，这些学生仍然坚持爬到泰山顶部。
(2)Amazed at the sight，the girl made an immediate decision to give a hand to those in need.吃惊于眼前的一幕，这个女孩立刻决定给那些需要帮助的人施以援手。
[句式升级]
(3)I am full of enthusiasm，and I am determined to make the best of my time to achieve my goals.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
Full of enthusiasm，I am determined to make the best of my time to achieve my goals.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Authentic fire gear(服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling(thrill) parts of San Francisco.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
2．Steven Stein has been hired to argue(argue) for the use of plastic bags.(2018·浙江)
3．Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
4．Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters(character)．
(2016·全国Ⅲ)
5．The article tells a moving(move) story.We hope the readers will go through it carefully.
6．Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment(entertain) aspect of the music has been lost.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
7．It is generally agreed that cycling contributes greatly to people’s physical fitness.
8．Gun control is a subject about which Americans have argued for a long time.
9．Already，she looked like she was much braver(brave) than Larry had been then.
10．The setting(set) for the movie is Paris in the 1930s.
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于影星)
1．面带稚气、充满活力的艾玛，从小就喜欢电影中的感人情节，对表演感兴趣。(形容词短语作状语；who引导的定语从句)
2．16岁时，她在一部电影中扮演了一个角色，这使她获得了成功，成了一名女演员。(which引导的定语从句)
3．电影发行以后，她的粉丝如此感动于她扮演的角色以至于立刻喜欢上了她。(so...that句型)
4．另外，他们关心她的一切，并且期待看她的下一部杰作。
5．然而，让我们吃惊的是，艾玛拒绝了一些邀请，而去继续她的教育。
6．集中精力于学习，她下定决心去证明她兼有美貌和智慧。(v.ing作状语)
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
11．Freshfaced and full of life，Emma,12.who liked the moving plots of the films when she was a child，13.showed interest in acting.14.At the age of 16，she 15.played a part in a film，16.which contributes to her success as an actress.After 17.the film came out，her fans were 18.so moved by the part she played that they fell in love with her immediately.Additionally，they 19.cared about everything about her and looked forward to 20.seeing her next masterpiece. However,21.to our surprise，Emma turned down several invitations to carry on her education. 22.Concentrating on her study，she was determined to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：旅游 难度星级：☆
[2018·湖北七市(州)教科研协作体联考]
Real literary travelers often travel to the birthplace or residence of a writer，or to the setting of a famous scene.We’ve prepared a small list of literary travel destinations.
London，England
In London，literary landmarks are so common that “blue plaques” are often found on the homes or schools of famous writers.They have been introduced to show wellknown literary sites.One can be found at 221B Baker Street—the apartment of famous fictional detective Sherlock Holmes.But watch out for false plaques，such as the Jacob Von Hogflume’s，where the inventor of time travel would live in 2189.
To truly experience literature in person，you can also visit StratforduponAvon，the birthplace of William Shakespeare，and watch nightly performances of his plays.
Rome，Italy
“Go to Rome—at once the Paradise，
The grave，the city，and the wilderness...”
This is from an elegy(挽歌) to John Keats，who traveled to Rome in the hope that the air would cure his illness but died within three months or so.Despite the fact that Keats’ visit was a quick one，Rome has a reminder of it—the KeatsShelley Memorial House.
Just across the street is the Antico Caffè Greco，a cafe frequented by famous authors like Goethe，Byron，Keats...，but you probably get the idea that this is somewhere any literary traveler has to go.
23．According to the passage，true literary travelers are less likely to visit .
A．221B Baker Street
B．the Jacob Von Hogflume’s
C．StratforduponAvon
D．the KeatsShelley Memorial House
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，221B Baker Street是小说中的侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯的公寓地址，StratforduponAvon是莎士比亚的出生地，the KeatsShelley Memorial House是约翰·济慈曾经到过的地方，这三个地点都与名人有关，是文学旅游者很可能参观的地方；而根据London，England部分中的“watch out for false plaques，such as the Jacob Von Hogflume’s”可知，the Jacob Von Hogflume’s是假的牌匾，真正的文学旅游者不太可能去参观。
24．What’s the function of “blue plaques” in London?
A．To confuse literary travelers.
B．To introduce famous English writers.
C．To show nightly performances.
D．To represent famous literary landmarks.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据London，England部分的“They have been introduced to show wellknown literary sites.”可知，blue plaques主要是用于标注著名的文学胜地的。
25．Why is the Antico Caffè Greco favored by literary travelers?
A．It is famous for offering coffee of high quality.
B．It was regularly visited by many famous writers.
C．It is located behind the KeatsShelley Memorial House.
D．It is regarded as a reminder of Rome.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...a cafe frequented by famous authors like Goethe，Byron，Keats...”可知，因为这个咖啡馆是之前很多著名作家常去的地方，所以也受到文学旅游者的青睐。
话题：社会 难度星级：☆☆
(2018·湖北黄冈中学适应性考试)
They hide in trees，hang from helicopters，even follow people down on motorcycles—all so that they can snap a shot of a celebrity.They are paparazzi—photographers who make a living by taking pictures of the rich and famous.
This September，California，a state with plenty of celebrities，passed a law aimed at taking action against paparazzi.The law forbids photographers from entering private property to take pictures，from using hightech devices to take pictures of people on private property，and from “persistently following in order to take a picture”. Violators can be fined or spend time in prison.The United State Congress is considering passing a similar law.
Supporters of the California law say it will protect the privacy of celebrities，whom paparazzi have been bothering for years.Opponents(反对者) say the law restricts photojournalists from doing their job.
Most celebrities seem to like having their pictures taken when they are in public at award shows or other events.After all，it’s free publicity.But when they’re not in public，they say，photographers should leave them alone.Yet paparazzi have been known to secretly look in windows and worse.Actor Michael J．Fox said that paparazzi have even “tried to pretend to be medical personnel at the hospital where my wife was giving birth to our son”．
Celebrities have as much right to their privacy as anyone else，supporters of the law state.Supporters further argue that the California law is a fair way to keep the press at bay，because the law still allows photographers to do their job.It only punishes them，supporters say，when they violate celebrities’ privacy.
Opponents of the law say it violates the First Amendment to the United States Constitution(美国宪法第一修正案)，which guarantees that no laws will be made to limit “the freedom of speech，or of the press”．Although some people might not consider paparazzi a part of the legal press，the California law does not single out paparazzi.It applies to photographers working for any publication.
Opponents of the law are also concerned about its wording.“Does ‘persistently’ mean following someone for six minutes，six seconds，or six days？” asked lawyer Douglas Mirell.The wording of the law is too vague，critics complain，and could be used to punish almost any news photographer.
The United States needs a free press to keep the public informed about important news，paparazzi law opponents say.Limiting the press in any way，they argue，limits the freedom of all.
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲了美国加利福尼亚州为了保护名人的隐私，出台了一项法律，限定狗仔队的偷拍行为。这项法律的支持者认为它保护了名人隐私，而反对者认为这项法律太模糊，它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者。
26．Which of the following will be considered illegal by the new California law?
A．Paparazzi slipping into the house of a famous person to take a shot.
B．Paparazzi taking photos of famous people with hightech cameras.
C．Paparazzi hiring helicopters as a fast means of transportation.
D．Paparazzi rushing towards filming sites on motorcycles.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由第二段中的“The law forbids photographers from entering private property to take pictures”可知，根据加利福尼亚州的新法律，狗仔队溜进名人家里拍照是违法的，故选A。
27．Supporters of the new law believe that .
A．it prevents the media from getting worse
B．it gives photographers a fair way to compete
C．punishment forces paparazzi to quit their job
D．privacy of famous people needs special protection
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由第五段第二句可知，这项法律的支持者认为它阻止了媒体变得更糟糕，故选A。
28．Opponents of the new law are concerned that .
A．it will violate paparazzi’s privacy
B．the First Amendment will be changed
C．some photographers will be wrongly accused
D．people will not be informed of important news
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由倒数第二段末句可知，反对者认为这项法律太模糊，评论者抱怨，它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者，故选C。
29．What is the author’s attitude towards the new California law?
A．Critical. B．Neutral.
C．Approving. D．Skeptical.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了加利福尼亚州为了保护名人的隐私，出台了一项法律，限定狗仔队的偷拍行为，以及人们对这项法律不同的看法和观点，而反对者认为这项法律太模糊，它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者。作者只是客观地描述，所以他对这项新的法律持中立态度，故选B。
话题：文学 难度星级：☆☆☆
Betty Smith’s first novel，A Tree Grows in Brooklyn，became immediately popular when it was published in 1943.The story is set in the years of 1900 to 1920.It tells of Francie Nolan and her parents，who were born to immigrants，and their struggle to provide for their family.Smith says she based the story on her own experiences growing up in the neighborhood of Williamsburg in Brooklyn，a borough(城市的行政区) of New York City.It’s widely believed that the character of Francie is based on Smith.
The tree of the book’s title refers to the big Tree of Heaven which grows near the family’s apartment building，despite attempts to get rid of it.It’s a symbol for Francie herself.Francie is determined to survive and improve her life，despite things that get in her way：her father is an alcoholic and dies，her mother doesn’t care about Francie’s dreams and her family is almost constantly poor.
The novel tells the story of how Francie’s parents，Johnny and Katie Nolan，met as teenagers.Katie later became pregnant，and they married before either of them had turned 20. Despite his charm and good nature，Johnny is an alcoholic who can’t hold a job.Katie supports the family by cleaning apartment buildings.This went against tradition，as the man was usually the one with the job who provided for the family.Francie enjoys learning，and idolizes her father，who shares her dreamy nature and vivid imagination.He lies to get Francie into a better school，realizing it’s what will make her happiest.
Readers experience the scenes in Brooklyn from Francie’s point of view.She observes the neighborhood’s people and events from the fire escape outside the family’s apartment.
Family plays a key role throughout A Tree Grows in Brooklyn.Katie tries hard to provide for her family when Johnny can’t.The children work afterschool jobs to support their mother after Johnny dies.Additionally，Francie sacrifices her savings to send her brother to school.
Smith’s book is still a popular read for many young women even though it’s more than 70 years old.
语篇解读 本文介绍了贝蒂·史密斯的小说《布鲁克林有棵树》，具体讲述了作者的创作背景和书的内容。这本书虽然已经出版70多年了，但是因书中主人公对待生活不屈不挠的精神，仍然受到许多年轻女士的欢迎。
30．Which of the following is TRUE about A Tree Grows in Brooklyn?
A．It is an autobiography of Betty Smith.
B．It is Betty Smith’s most popular book.
C．It sets the story in New York in the 1940s.
D．It tells of immigrants’ life in New York.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，这本小说讲述了身为移民的弗朗西和她的父母努力去养活他们的家人的故事。故选D项。
31．What role does the Tree of Heaven play in Francie’s life?
A．It accompanies her growth.
B．It represents her struggle in life.
C．It contributes to her success.
D．It makes her dream come true.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，这棵树是主人公弗朗西的象征，紧接着下一句描述了她的努力和奋斗，由此可以推断出，这棵树代表了弗朗西的拼搏。
32．The underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refers to the fact that .
A．Johnny was charming and had good nature
B．Johnny married Katie before they were 20
C．Katie worked as a cleaner in department buildings
D．Katie supported the family instead of Johnny
答案 D
解析 代词指代题。This的前一句中提到“Katie supports the family”，后面又提到违背传统的原因是因为通常都是男人养家糊口，由此可以推断出This指的是凯蒂养家糊口而不是她的丈夫约翰尼。
Ⅳ.七选五
(2018·吉林长春四模)
How to Overcome Depression
Suffering from depression means more than just dealing with a bad week or even a bad month.Depression is a weakening condition that can make it impossible for you to enjoy your daily existence.To overcome your depression，you have to first determine if what you’re feeling are the symptoms of depression. 33 While medications can help relieve symptoms，it is still important for depressed persons to understand the disorder and develop healthier strategies for coping with it.
Keep yourself busy.Fill your schedule with events and activities you love.Keeping a busy schedule will force you to stay active，focused，and thinking about the next thing on your plate.You can draw up a schedule for each day at the start of the week，or simply plan out each day the night before. 34
Improve your diet. 35 Even if you’re losing your appetite，you need to be determined to eat three meals a day.You don’t need to try to lose weight or be incredibly healthyconscious when you’re dealing with your depression，but eating healthier food regularly will improve your mental and physical state.
Think positively.Being a more positive thinker will help you look at your life and world in a way that fills you with hope instead of despair.To think more positively，you should learn how to recognize your negative thoughts and to fight them with stronger positive thoughts whenever you can.For a jump start，find at least five things to be grateful for. 36
37 Neglecting personal hygiene(卫生) is a common side effect of depression.While you will not beat your depression by transforming your looks，if you take time to maintain your appearance and hygiene every day，you will feel better about yourself.Shower daily，brush your teeth and wash your hair.
A．Control your emotions.
B．Improve your appearance.
C．Most importantly be happy about every single day.
D．Whichever method you choose，make a goal of sticking to it.
E．However，not everyone knows depression has a positive side.
F．Eating a healthy，balanced diet can also help you beat depression.
G．If you are feeling sad，lonely，or worthless，you may be suffering from depression.
33．答案 G
解析 根据前一句可知，要克服抑郁症，首先你必须确定目前的情绪是否是抑郁的症状。按照文意，接下来应该是讲哪种情绪是抑郁的症状。选项G(如果你感到悲伤、孤独或毫无价值，你可能患有抑郁症。)最切题。故选G。
34．答案 D
解析 第二段主要讲了你要通过忙碌的日程转移自己的注意力，在最后提出两个做计划的方法：可以在一周开始的时候制定一个计划，或者在前一天晚上计划好每一天。根据上下文逻辑关系，接下来只有选项D(无论你选择哪种方法，都要制定一个自己坚持的目标。)承接上文意思。故选D。
35．答案 F
解析 由第三段第一句即主旨句“Improve your diet.”可知，这一段主要讲如何改善饮食。只有选项F(健康、均衡的饮食也能帮助你战胜抑郁。)切题。故选F。
36．答案 C
解析 根据本段主旨句“Think positively.”及空前一句可知，首先，你要找到至少5件值得感激的事。只有选项C(最重要的是每天都要快乐。)符合语境。故选C。
37．答案 B
解析 根据本段最后两句可知，虽然你不会通过改变容貌来战胜抑郁，但如果你每天都花时间保持自己的外表和卫生，你就会感觉良好。所以这一段是关于改善外表的。故选B。
Ⅴ.完形填空
(2019·浙江“超级全能生”联考)
I was on my way home from work，cutting through the park.On that day，the sun seemed to 38 faster than usual，and all of a sudden I found myself walking 39 .I was less than half a mile from my apartment， 40 the path would lead me over a bridge，across train tracks，and 41 an unlit underpass(地下通道)．
Then 42 I heard him—a stranger running alongside me.My mouth went 43 .My legs felt like water.But I didn’t 44 my pace.Instead，I stopped，turned，and 45 him.He came out of the bushes and said he’d been watching me for a long time. 46 he walked beside me，I moved a little closer to the edge of the 47 .When we reached the bridge，a train raced past，and he seized the moment， 48 himself suddenly at me as his hands 49 my throat.The selfdefense skills I had learned years before kicked in，and I dug my 50 into his eye，hard.But he 51 grew bolder(大胆)，pulling at my clothes.So I put all my 52 into that thumb，and finally he 53 .
I was shaking with 54 ，but I looked him straight in the eye and began to back away.I 55 to run the hell out of there，but then I 56 another selfdefense lesson：Never 57 ，because then you’re prey(猎物)．So I walked away—alone—through the dark underpass as I dialed 911 with trembling fingers.
38．A.rise B．lift
C．set D．fall
答案 C
解析 根据上句提到作者下班回家，所以应该是太阳下山较早。rise升起；lift提起；set下山；fall下降。故选C。
39．A.at a loss B．out of breath
C．in a hurry D．in the dark
答案 D
解析 根据前文语境可知太阳下山了，作者在黑暗中行走，所以选D。at a loss不知所措；out of breath上气不接下气；in a hurry匆忙地；in the dark在黑暗中。
40．A.but B．so
C．or D．for
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知，虽然离家不到一公里，但走这条路线要经过一座桥，穿过火车轨道和一个黑暗的地下通道。but但是；so因此；or或者；for因为，故选A。
41．A.across B．past
C．through D．by
答案 C
解析 穿过地下通道，从中间(内部)穿过，故用through。across从表面穿过；past经过；by 在旁边，凭借什么手段。
42．A.immediately B．suddenly
C．clearly D．quietly
答案 B
解析 此处表示突然(suddenly)听到有个陌生人在自己旁边跑。immediately立刻；clearly清晰地；quietly安静地。
43．A.cold B．hot
C．empty D．dry
答案 D
解析 此处表示自己由于害怕，嘴巴变干了，腿像水一样。cold寒冷的；hot炎热的；empty空的；dry干的，故选D。
44．A.pick up B．use up
C．throw up D．break up
答案 A
解析 此处表示自己没有加快步伐。pick up pace加快步伐，符合语境。use up用光；throw up扔掉；break up打破。
45．A.caught B．faced
C．hit D．recognized
答案 B
解析 根据语境可知此处表示自己停下来，转过身，面向陌生人。catch抓住；face面对；hit击中；recognize认出。
46．A.Until B．Since
C．After D．As
答案 D
解析 此处表示当他走到我身边时，我已经快走到公园的出口了。until直到；since自从；after在……之后；as当……时，故选D。
47．A.apartment B．home
C．park D．train
答案 C
解析 根据第一段提到作者回家要经过公园、桥、火车轨道和地下通道，再根据后文“When we reached the bridge”，可知此时快走出公园了。apartment公寓；home家；train火车。
48．A.laughing B．throwing
C．keeping D．driving
答案 B
解析 此处表示他抓住机会，向我猛扑过来，掐住我的脖子。laugh笑；keep保持；drive驱赶。
49．A.closed around B．took in
C．cut off D．waved at
答案 A
解析 此处表示他的手掐住了我的脖子。close around围绕，符合语境。take in吸收，欺骗；cut off切断；wave at朝……招手。
50．A.head B．arm
C．fist D．thumb
答案 D
解析 根据后文“So I put all my into that thumb，”可知此处表示我用拇指挖他的眼睛。
51．A.always B．simply
C．nearly D．usually
答案 B
解析 根据语境可知此处表示他更大胆了。always总是；simply简直；nearly几乎；usually通常，故选B。
52．A.strength B．ability
C．feeling D．attention
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知此处表示我用尽全力。strength力气；ability能力；feeling情感；attention注意，故选A。
53．A.went by B．broke down
C．let go D．looked away
答案 C
解析 根据语境可知那个陌生人终于松开了我。go by走过；break down(身体或精神上)垮掉；let go放走；look away不再看(某人或某物)，故选C。
54．A.excitement B．joy
C．disappointment D．fear
答案 D
解析 根据语境可知我害怕(fear)得发抖。
55．A.attempted B．managed
C．failed D．preferred
答案 A
解析 此处表示自己试图跑。attempt企图，尝试；manage成功做成；fail失败；prefer更喜欢。
56．A.watched B．learned
C．remembered D．found
答案 C
解析 此处表示自己记起(remember)了另一个自我防御的经验教训。
57．A.wait B．hesitate
C．panic D．run
答案 D
解析 根据下文“So I walked away”可知，教训就是不要跑。wait等待；hesitate犹豫；panic惊恐；run跑。
Ⅵ.语法填空
(2018·嘉兴模拟)
There was a man who had four sons.He hoped his sons could learn not to judge things too quickly.So he gave them a task in turn,58.asking(ask) them to go to see a pear tree at a distance 59.separately(separate)．
The first son set out in winter，the second in spring，the third in summer，and the 60.youngest(young) in autumn.
When all of them returned home，they were called together 61.to describe(describe) what they had seen.The first son complained the tree was 62.bent (bend) and ugly.The second son said the tree was covered with buds(花蕾) and full of hope.The third son said it was full of flowers 63.which/that smelled so sweet and that he had 64.never/notseen such beautiful scenery.The last son disagreed 65.with all of them，saying it was filled with fruits，full of life and content.
The man told his four sons that they were all correct，but they only saw the tree in 66.one/a/some season.He taught them that the value of a person could only be measured when all the seasons were over.
If you give up in winter，you 67.will miss(miss) the hope of spring，the beauty of summer，and the harvest of autumn in your life.
Ⅶ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Without most people realizing it，there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years.Before that time，large computers were only used by large，rich companies that could afford the investment.With the advancement of technology，small computers have come into the market，which are capable of doing the work that used to be done by much larger and expensive computers，so now most smaller companies can use them.
The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors(处理器)，or WPS as they are often called.40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.
There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager.The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work，such as retyping letters and storing papers.He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss.From a manager’s point of view，secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically(自动地) outside office hours.
But is it all good？If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically，surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed.Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units(显示器)．The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly.It is also fearful that if a woman works a VDU for long hours，the unborn child in her body might be killed.Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them.
Whatever the arguments for and against word processors are，they are a key feature of this revolution in office practice.
参考范文
Small computers with a word processor have brought a revolution to office work.More and more British offices are using a word processor as it frees secretaries and managers from much daily work.However，it may cut down the need of secretaries and cause some health problems，such as loss of sight.Anyway，word processors are playing an important role in office work revolution.
基础知识默写
1．poster n．海报
2．actress n．女演员→actor n．演员
3．character n．角色；人物；汉字→characteristic n．特征；特色 adj.特有的；典型的
4．female adj.女的；女性的→male adj.男的；男性的
5．masterpiece n．杰作
6．graceful adj.优美的；优雅的→grace n．优美；优雅
7．interest vt.使感兴趣 n．兴趣→interesting adj.有趣的→interested adj.感兴趣的
8．brave adj.勇敢的 v．勇敢面对→bravery n．勇敢；英勇
9．moving adj.感人的→moved adj.感动的→move vt.使感动；移动
10．occasionally adv.有时；偶尔→occasional adj.偶尔的→occasion n．机会；时机
11．ad n．广告→advertise vt.做广告；宣传
12．argue vi.争论→argument n．争论，争辩；辩论
13．channel n．频道；渠道；海峡
14．entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的→entertain vt.使快乐；使有兴趣→entertainment n．娱乐；娱乐节目
15．plot n．情节
16．thriller n．充满刺激的电影→thrill vt.& vi.(使)激动 n．激动→thrilling adj.惊险的；扣人心弦的→thrilled adj.非常兴奋的，极为激动的
17．section n．部分；节
18．drama n．戏剧→dramatic adj.戏剧性的，引人注目的→dramatist n．剧作家
19．comedy n．喜剧→tragedy(反)n.悲剧→comedian n．喜剧演员
20．sword n．剑
21．fiancé n．未婚夫
22．rooftop n．屋顶
23．leap vi.跳跃；飞跃
24．setting n．(小说、戏剧、电影的)背景
25．shark n．鲨鱼
26．come out出现；出版；(消息、真相等)传出
27．fall in love with爱上；喜欢(表动作)
28．be in love with爱上；喜欢(表状态)
29．play a part (in)(在……中)扮演角色；(在……中)起作用
30．to one’s surprise令某人吃惊的是
31．tell of讲述
32．every now and then有时；偶尔
33．in surprise吃惊地
34．care about关心；顾虑；在乎
35．at the age of在……岁时
36．Brave，good and strong，Xiulian is the character we care about most.
我们最关注秀莲这个角色，她勇敢、善良、坚强。
37．Do you ever argue with your family about which TV programme to watch?
你曾为看哪个电视节目而和家人争吵吗？
38．Ask a young person in the street who the greatest American film director is，and you may get the answer Steven Spielberg.
问一下街上的年轻人：谁是美国最伟大的电影导演，你可能得到的答案是史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格。
39．He has certainly made more successful films than any other director in the west.
当然他制作的成功电影比西方其他任何导演都多。
40．But it is generally agreed，that he，more than anyone else in the history of films，understands the meaning of the word “entertainment”．
然而，人们一致认为，他比电影史上的任何一个人更懂得 “娱乐” 一词的含义。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．He was thrilled(thrill) at the prospect of seeing them again.
2．In the story, the main character(角色) has left his wife and baby.
3．They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female(女性的) stranger.(2017·江苏)
4．His masterpiece(杰作) The Great Gatsby，which made him one of the greatest American novelists.
5．Fortunately，I didn’t get any channels(频道) showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
6．At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother’s Day！” Mom was grateful and moved (move)．
(2016·四川)
7．They planned to keep the budget low by living on boiled noodles，with the occasional (occasion) hamburger shop treat.(2018·江苏)
8．Another argument(argue) against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment.
9．Now you are asked to make a poster to advertise(宣传) a sporting event.
10．The plot(情节) is a similar to that of a novel，for it is full of adventures and romance stories.
11．Despite her old age，she looks so graceful (grace) indeed that people are attracted by her.
12．Simon is a comedian(comedy) and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy.
(2016·全国Ⅱ)
13．After the trip，my family became quite interested(interest) in camping.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
14．These plays were a popular form of entertainment(entertain) in the 1920s and 1930s.
15．On my bedroom walls there were posters(海报) of my favorite movie stars.
Ⅱ.选词成篇
A new category of film 1.comes out in China，which is called DOCUMENTARY，a work，just like film or television programmes.People 2.are in love with it，because it 3.tells of political，social and historical subjects in a informative(增长见闻的) manner.
The documentary first appeared in the New York Sun in February 1926 as a review written by John Grierson，of the film “Moana” by Robert Flaherty.Now，documentaries 4.play a part in the film industry.5.Every now and then，festivals are held to help the development of the documentary industry.
The history of the documentary in China began when Western photographers came to shoot news programmes of the Opium War(鸦片战争) at the end of the 19th century.At first，Chinese photographers observed it 6.in surprise.And later they 7.fell in love with documentaries during the 1911 Revolution.8.To our surprise，documentaries have covered a wide of recordings，including the Republic of China era，AntiJapanese War，Liberation War，the founding of People’s Republic of China and China’s development ever since.Some producers 9.care about social problems，while others focus on nature.Both attracted a large crowd of audience，some of whom are just 10.at the age of four or five.
In a word，documentaries are really popular at present.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Surprised and happy，Tony stood up and accepted the prize.(形容词短语作状语)
既吃惊又高兴，托尼站起来领了奖。
2．How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.(疑问词＋不定式)
如何阻止他们在这条河里游泳是个问题。
3．China has more people/a larger population than any other country in the world.(“比较级＋than any other＋名词单数”表达最高级的用法)
中国比世界上其他任何国家的人口都多。
1．后缀ess高频名词全接触
(1)actress n．女演员
(2)waitress n．女服务员
(3)governess n．女家庭教师
(4)hostess n．女主人
(5)goddess n．女神
2．“武器”大集合
(1)sword n．剑
(2)arrow n．箭
(3)knife n．刀
(4)gun n．枪
(5)bomb n．炸弹
3．“爱上某人/结婚”相关短语汇总
(1)fall in love with 爱上，喜欢(表动作)
(2)be in love with 爱上，喜欢(表状态)
(3)be engaged to 与……订婚
(4)get married to 与……结婚(表动作)
(5)be married to 与……结婚(表状态)
4．to one’s＋抽象名词
(1)to one’s surprise 让人吃惊的是
(2)to one’s amazement 让人吃惊的是
(3)to one’s sorrow 让人悲伤的是
(4)to one’s delight 让人高兴的是
(5)to one’s excitement 让人兴奋的是
(1)in character与某人的性格相符
out of character与某人的性格不相符
(2)characteristic adj.特有的；典型的 n．特色；特性；典型
be characteristic of特有的，……的特征
It is characteristic of sb.to do...某人会做……；……正是某人的作风(特点)
[写出下列句子中character的汉语意思]
(1)At the last moment Tom decided to put in a new character to make the story seem more lively.角色
(2)—The town is so beautiful！I just love it.
—Me too.The character of the town is well preserved.特点
(3)I wish this book was written in bigger characters.文字
(4)Mr Bartman was a man of good character.性格
[一句多译]
(5)忘记带礼物来正是他的特点。
①It is characteristic of him to forget to bring a present.(characteristic)
②It is typical of him to forget to bring a present.(typical)
③It is like him to forget to bring a present.(like)
易错点拨 be characteristic of通常以“特色”作主语，以具有该特色的主体作介词of的宾语。如：Quick decision is characteristic of him.快速作出决定是他的特征。
occasion n．时刻；时节；机会；盛会；场合
on occasion(s)偶尔，有时
on the occasion of在……之际
on this/that occasion在这个/那个时候
on no occasion绝不，不会(用在句首时句子部分倒装)
(1)As he works in a remote area，he visits his parents only occasionally/on occasion(s)(偶尔)．
(2)I can remember very few occasions when he had to ask for leave because of ill health.
[句式升级]
(3)You should on no occasion do such a thing.(改为倒装句)
On no occasion should you do such a thing.
(1)argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事
argue for/against sth.支持/反对某事
argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
(2)argument n．争论；论据
beyond argument无可争论
(1)Thus，I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different，even though that might be the more risky choice.(2018·宁夏银川二中模拟)
因此，我反对复制以前的建筑风格，而主张选择新鲜和不同的东西，尽管这可能是更具风险的选择。
(2)We tried many ways to argue him into following our advice，but in vain.我们想尽各种办法说服他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。
(3)It is beyond argument that Diaoyu Islands belong to China.钓鱼岛属于中国是不争的事实。
[联想发散] 表示“说服某人做……”的其他表达形式：
talk sb.into doing...，reason sb.into doing...，persuade sb.into doing...，persuade sb.to do...，convince sb.to do...
come about发生；造成
come on快点；加油；得了吧
come to苏醒；合计；谈及，说到
come up发芽；被提出；升起；出现
come across偶遇
[写出下列句子中come out的汉语意思]
(1)The book written by Mo Yan comes out this week.出版
(2)It was a long time before the truth of the matter came out.被获知
(3)The answer to the problem came out wrong.结果是
(4)The stars came out as soon as it was dark.出来
(5)The flowers which are coming out look so beautiful in the sun.开花
(1)The first time they met，they fell in love with each other.他们第一次见面就相爱了。
(2)They married after having been in love for five years.他们相爱五年后才结婚。
易错点拨 fall in love with不能与一段时间连用；be in love with表示状态，可与一段时间连用。
(1)take...by surprise使……吃惊；突袭
in surprise惊奇地
give sb.a surprise使某人吃惊
(2)be surprised at...对……感到吃惊
be surprised to do...对做……感到吃惊
[一句多译]
(1)令我惊讶的是，他们中的许多人都表示失望。
①To my surprise，many of them expressed disappointment.
②I was surprised that many of them expressed disappointment.
③That many of them expressed disappointment surprised me.
④What surprised me was that many of them expressed disappointment.
(2)这一决定使许多人大吃一惊。
①The decision took many people by surprise.
②The decision gave many people a surprise.
③The decision surprised many people.
④Many people were surprised at the decision.
care for喜欢；照顾
take care当心
take care of照料；处理
with care小心地
(1)She thinks only of herself；she doesn’t care about other people.她只顾自己，不顾别人。
(2)As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.
(2016·天津)
随着人口平均寿命的延长，越来越多的老人需要照顾。
(3)[同义句改写] Whatever you do，you must do it carefully.
→Whatever you do，you must do it with care.
易错点拨 care about意为“介意；在乎”；care for意为“喜欢；照顾”，两者意义不同，不要混淆。
Brave，good and strong，Xiulian is the character we care about most.
我们最关注秀莲这个角色，她勇敢、善良、坚强。
brave，good and strong是形容词短语在句中作状语，表示原因。
(1)形容词(短语)可在句中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件或方式、伴随等，还可作整个句子的状语，对句子的内容作出评价。形容词(短语)作状语时往往与主句之间用逗号隔开。
(2)形容词(短语)置于句首常作原因状语。
(3)形容词(短语)置于句末常作伴随状语，表示意义上的增补，和句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
(1)Tired and breathless，the students still managed to climb to the top of Mount Tai.
又累又气喘吁吁，这些学生仍然坚持爬到泰山顶部。
(2)Amazed at the sight，the girl made an immediate decision to give a hand to those in need.吃惊于眼前的一幕，这个女孩立刻决定给那些需要帮助的人施以援手。
[句式升级]
(3)I am full of enthusiasm，and I am determined to make the best of my time to achieve my goals.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
Full of enthusiasm，I am determined to make the best of my time to achieve my goals.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Authentic fire gear(服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling(thrill) parts of San Francisco.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
2．Steven Stein has been hired to argue(argue) for the use of plastic bags.(2018·浙江)
3．Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
4．Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters(character)．
(2016·全国Ⅲ)
5．The article tells a moving(move) story.We hope the readers will go through it carefully.
6．Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment(entertain) aspect of the music has been lost.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
7．It is generally agreed that cycling contributes greatly to people’s physical fitness.
8．Gun control is a subject about which Americans have argued for a long time.
9．Already，she looked like she was much braver(brave) than Larry had been then.
10．The setting(set) for the movie is Paris in the 1930s.
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于影星)
1．面带稚气、充满活力的艾玛，从小就喜欢电影中的感人情节，对表演感兴趣。(形容词短语作状语；who引导的定语从句)
2．16岁时，她在一部电影中扮演了一个角色，这使她获得了成功，成了一名女演员。(which引导的定语从句)
3．电影发行以后，她的粉丝如此感动于她扮演的角色以至于立刻喜欢上了她。(so...that句型)
4．另外，他们关心她的一切，并且期待看她的下一部杰作。
5．然而，让我们吃惊的是，艾玛拒绝了一些邀请，而去继续她的教育。
6．集中精力于学习，她下定决心去证明她兼有美貌和智慧。(v.ing作状语)
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
11．Freshfaced and full of life，Emma,12.who liked the moving plots of the films when she was a child，13.showed interest in acting.14.At the age of 16，she 15.played a part in a film，16.which contributes to her success as an actress.After 17.the film came out，her fans were 18.so moved by the part she played that they fell in love with her immediately.Additionally，they 19.cared about everything about her and looked forward to 20.seeing her next masterpiece. However,21.to our surprise，Emma turned down several invitations to carry on her education. 22.Concentrating on her study，she was determined to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：旅游 难度星级：☆
[2018·湖北七市(州)教科研协作体联考]
Real literary travelers often travel to the birthplace or residence of a writer，or to the setting of a famous scene.We’ve prepared a small list of literary travel destinations.
London，England
In London，literary landmarks are so common that “blue plaques” are often found on the homes or schools of famous writers.They have been introduced to show wellknown literary sites.One can be found at 221B Baker Street—the apartment of famous fictional detective Sherlock Holmes.But watch out for false plaques，such as the Jacob Von Hogflume’s，where the inventor of time travel would live in 2189.
To truly experience literature in person，you can also visit StratforduponAvon，the birthplace of William Shakespeare，and watch nightly performances of his plays.
Rome，Italy
“Go to Rome—at once the Paradise，
The grave，the city，and the wilderness...”
This is from an elegy(挽歌) to John Keats，who traveled to Rome in the hope that the air would cure his illness but died within three months or so.Despite the fact that Keats’ visit was a quick one，Rome has a reminder of it—the KeatsShelley Memorial House.
Just across the street is the Antico Caffè Greco，a cafe frequented by famous authors like Goethe，Byron，Keats...，but you probably get the idea that this is somewhere any literary traveler has to go.
23．According to the passage，true literary travelers are less likely to visit .
A．221B Baker Street
B．the Jacob Von Hogflume’s
C．StratforduponAvon
D．the KeatsShelley Memorial House
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，221B Baker Street是小说中的侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯的公寓地址，StratforduponAvon是莎士比亚的出生地，the KeatsShelley Memorial House是约翰·济慈曾经到过的地方，这三个地点都与名人有关，是文学旅游者很可能参观的地方；而根据London，England部分中的“watch out for false plaques，such as the Jacob Von Hogflume’s”可知，the Jacob Von Hogflume’s是假的牌匾，真正的文学旅游者不太可能去参观。
24．What’s the function of “blue plaques” in London?
A．To confuse literary travelers.
B．To introduce famous English writers.
C．To show nightly performances.
D．To represent famous literary landmarks.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据London，England部分的“They have been introduced to show wellknown literary sites.”可知，blue plaques主要是用于标注著名的文学胜地的。
25．Why is the Antico Caffè Greco favored by literary travelers?
A．It is famous for offering coffee of high quality.
B．It was regularly visited by many famous writers.
C．It is located behind the KeatsShelley Memorial House.
D．It is regarded as a reminder of Rome.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...a cafe frequented by famous authors like Goethe，Byron，Keats...”可知，因为这个咖啡馆是之前很多著名作家常去的地方，所以也受到文学旅游者的青睐。
话题：社会 难度星级：☆☆
(2018·湖北黄冈中学适应性考试)
They hide in trees，hang from helicopters，even follow people down on motorcycles—all so that they can snap a shot of a celebrity.They are paparazzi—photographers who make a living by taking pictures of the rich and famous.
This September，California，a state with plenty of celebrities，passed a law aimed at taking action against paparazzi.The law forbids photographers from entering private property to take pictures，from using hightech devices to take pictures of people on private property，and from “persistently following in order to take a picture”. Violators can be fined or spend time in prison.The United State Congress is considering passing a similar law.
Supporters of the California law say it will protect the privacy of celebrities，whom paparazzi have been bothering for years.Opponents(反对者) say the law restricts photojournalists from doing their job.
Most celebrities seem to like having their pictures taken when they are in public at award shows or other events.After all，it’s free publicity.But when they’re not in public，they say，photographers should leave them alone.Yet paparazzi have been known to secretly look in windows and worse.Actor Michael J．Fox said that paparazzi have even “tried to pretend to be medical personnel at the hospital where my wife was giving birth to our son”．
Celebrities have as much right to their privacy as anyone else，supporters of the law state.Supporters further argue that the California law is a fair way to keep the press at bay，because the law still allows photographers to do their job.It only punishes them，supporters say，when they violate celebrities’ privacy.
Opponents of the law say it violates the First Amendment to the United States Constitution(美国宪法第一修正案)，which guarantees that no laws will be made to limit “the freedom of speech，or of the press”．Although some people might not consider paparazzi a part of the legal press，the California law does not single out paparazzi.It applies to photographers working for any publication.
Opponents of the law are also concerned about its wording.“Does ‘persistently’ mean following someone for six minutes，six seconds，or six days？” asked lawyer Douglas Mirell.The wording of the law is too vague，critics complain，and could be used to punish almost any news photographer.
The United States needs a free press to keep the public informed about important news，paparazzi law opponents say.Limiting the press in any way，they argue，limits the freedom of all.
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲了美国加利福尼亚州为了保护名人的隐私，出台了一项法律，限定狗仔队的偷拍行为。这项法律的支持者认为它保护了名人隐私，而反对者认为这项法律太模糊，它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者。
26．Which of the following will be considered illegal by the new California law?
A．Paparazzi slipping into the house of a famous person to take a shot.
B．Paparazzi taking photos of famous people with hightech cameras.
C．Paparazzi hiring helicopters as a fast means of transportation.
D．Paparazzi rushing towards filming sites on motorcycles.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由第二段中的“The law forbids photographers from entering private property to take pictures”可知，根据加利福尼亚州的新法律，狗仔队溜进名人家里拍照是违法的，故选A。
27．Supporters of the new law believe that .
A．it prevents the media from getting worse
B．it gives photographers a fair way to compete
C．punishment forces paparazzi to quit their job
D．privacy of famous people needs special protection
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由第五段第二句可知，这项法律的支持者认为它阻止了媒体变得更糟糕，故选A。
28．Opponents of the new law are concerned that .
A．it will violate paparazzi’s privacy
B．the First Amendment will be changed
C．some photographers will be wrongly accused
D．people will not be informed of important news
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由倒数第二段末句可知，反对者认为这项法律太模糊，评论者抱怨，它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者，故选C。
29．What is the author’s attitude towards the new California law?
A．Critical. B．Neutral.
C．Approving. D．Skeptical.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了加利福尼亚州为了保护名人的隐私，出台了一项法律，限定狗仔队的偷拍行为，以及人们对这项法律不同的看法和观点，而反对者认为这项法律太模糊，它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者。作者只是客观地描述，所以他对这项新的法律持中立态度，故选B。
话题：文学 难度星级：☆☆☆
Betty Smith’s first novel，A Tree Grows in Brooklyn，became immediately popular when it was published in 1943.The story is set in the years of 1900 to 1920.It tells of Francie Nolan and her parents，who were born to immigrants，and their struggle to provide for their family.Smith says she based the story on her own experiences growing up in the neighborhood of Williamsburg in Brooklyn，a borough(城市的行政区) of New York City.It’s widely believed that the character of Francie is based on Smith.
The tree of the book’s title refers to the big Tree of Heaven which grows near the family’s apartment building，despite attempts to get rid of it.It’s a symbol for Francie herself.Francie is determined to survive and improve her life，despite things that get in her way：her father is an alcoholic and dies，her mother doesn’t care about Francie’s dreams and her family is almost constantly poor.
The novel tells the story of how Francie’s parents，Johnny and Katie Nolan，met as teenagers.Katie later became pregnant，and they married before either of them had turned 20. Despite his charm and good nature，Johnny is an alcoholic who can’t hold a job.Katie supports the family by cleaning apartment buildings.This went against tradition，as the man was usually the one with the job who provided for the family.Francie enjoys learning，and idolizes her father，who shares her dreamy nature and vivid imagination.He lies to get Francie into a better school，realizing it’s what will make her happiest.
Readers experience the scenes in Brooklyn from Francie’s point of view.She observes the neighborhood’s people and events from the fire escape outside the family’s apartment.
Family plays a key role throughout A Tree Grows in Brooklyn.Katie tries hard to provide for her family when Johnny can’t.The children work afterschool jobs to support their mother after Johnny dies.Additionally，Francie sacrifices her savings to send her brother to school.
Smith’s book is still a popular read for many young women even though it’s more than 70 years old.
语篇解读 本文介绍了贝蒂·史密斯的小说《布鲁克林有棵树》，具体讲述了作者的创作背景和书的内容。这本书虽然已经出版70多年了，但是因书中主人公对待生活不屈不挠的精神，仍然受到许多年轻女士的欢迎。
30．Which of the following is TRUE about A Tree Grows in Brooklyn?
A．It is an autobiography of Betty Smith.
B．It is Betty Smith’s most popular book.
C．It sets the story in New York in the 1940s.
D．It tells of immigrants’ life in New York.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，这本小说讲述了身为移民的弗朗西和她的父母努力去养活他们的家人的故事。故选D项。
31．What role does the Tree of Heaven play in Francie’s life?
A．It accompanies her growth.
B．It represents her struggle in life.
C．It contributes to her success.
D．It makes her dream come true.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，这棵树是主人公弗朗西的象征，紧接着下一句描述了她的努力和奋斗，由此可以推断出，这棵树代表了弗朗西的拼搏。
32．The underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refers to the fact that .
A．Johnny was charming and had good nature
B．Johnny married Katie before they were 20
C．Katie worked as a cleaner in department buildings
D．Katie supported the family instead of Johnny
答案 D
解析 代词指代题。This的前一句中提到“Katie supports the family”，后面又提到违背传统的原因是因为通常都是男人养家糊口，由此可以推断出This指的是凯蒂养家糊口而不是她的丈夫约翰尼。
Ⅳ.七选五
(2018·吉林长春四模)
How to Overcome Depression
Suffering from depression means more than just dealing with a bad week or even a bad month.Depression is a weakening condition that can make it impossible for you to enjoy your daily existence.To overcome your depression，you have to first determine if what you’re feeling are the symptoms of depression. 33 While medications can help relieve symptoms，it is still important for depressed persons to understand the disorder and develop healthier strategies for coping with it.
Keep yourself busy.Fill your schedule with events and activities you love.Keeping a busy schedule will force you to stay active，focused，and thinking about the next thing on your plate.You can draw up a schedule for each day at the start of the week，or simply plan out each day the night before. 34
Improve your diet. 35 Even if you’re losing your appetite，you need to be determined to eat three meals a day.You don’t need to try to lose weight or be incredibly healthyconscious when you’re dealing with your depression，but eating healthier food regularly will improve your mental and physical state.
Think positively.Being a more positive thinker will help you look at your life and world in a way that fills you with hope instead of despair.To think more positively，you should learn how to recognize your negative thoughts and to fight them with stronger positive thoughts whenever you can.For a jump start，find at least five things to be grateful for. 36
37 Neglecting personal hygiene(卫生) is a common side effect of depression.While you will not beat your depression by transforming your looks，if you take time to maintain your appearance and hygiene every day，you will feel better about yourself.Shower daily，brush your teeth and wash your hair.
A．Control your emotions.
B．Improve your appearance.
C．Most importantly be happy about every single day.
D．Whichever method you choose，make a goal of sticking to it.
E．However，not everyone knows depression has a positive side.
F．Eating a healthy，balanced diet can also help you beat depression.
G．If you are feeling sad，lonely，or worthless，you may be suffering from depression.
33．答案 G
解析 根据前一句可知，要克服抑郁症，首先你必须确定目前的情绪是否是抑郁的症状。按照文意，接下来应该是讲哪种情绪是抑郁的症状。选项G(如果你感到悲伤、孤独或毫无价值，你可能患有抑郁症。)最切题。故选G。
34．答案 D
解析 第二段主要讲了你要通过忙碌的日程转移自己的注意力，在最后提出两个做计划的方法：可以在一周开始的时候制定一个计划，或者在前一天晚上计划好每一天。根据上下文逻辑关系，接下来只有选项D(无论你选择哪种方法，都要制定一个自己坚持的目标。)承接上文意思。故选D。
35．答案 F
解析 由第三段第一句即主旨句“Improve your diet.”可知，这一段主要讲如何改善饮食。只有选项F(健康、均衡的饮食也能帮助你战胜抑郁。)切题。故选F。
36．答案 C
解析 根据本段主旨句“Think positively.”及空前一句可知，首先，你要找到至少5件值得感激的事。只有选项C(最重要的是每天都要快乐。)符合语境。故选C。
37．答案 B
解析 根据本段最后两句可知，虽然你不会通过改变容貌来战胜抑郁，但如果你每天都花时间保持自己的外表和卫生，你就会感觉良好。所以这一段是关于改善外表的。故选B。
Ⅴ.完形填空
(2019·浙江“超级全能生”联考)
I was on my way home from work，cutting through the park.On that day，the sun seemed to 38 faster than usual，and all of a sudden I found myself walking 39 .I was less than half a mile from my apartment， 40 the path would lead me over a bridge，across train tracks，and 41 an unlit underpass(地下通道)．
Then 42 I heard him—a stranger running alongside me.My mouth went 43 .My legs felt like water.But I didn’t 44 my pace.Instead，I stopped，turned，and 45 him.He came out of the bushes and said he’d been watching me for a long time. 46 he walked beside me，I moved a little closer to the edge of the 47 .When we reached the bridge，a train raced past，and he seized the moment， 48 himself suddenly at me as his hands 49 my throat.The selfdefense skills I had learned years before kicked in，and I dug my 50 into his eye，hard.But he 51 grew bolder(大胆)，pulling at my clothes.So I put all my 52 into that thumb，and finally he 53 .
I was shaking with 54 ，but I looked him straight in the eye and began to back away.I 55 to run the hell out of there，but then I 56 another selfdefense lesson：Never 57 ，because then you’re prey(猎物)．So I walked away—alone—through the dark underpass as I dialed 911 with trembling fingers.
38．A.rise B．lift
C．set D．fall
答案 C
解析 根据上句提到作者下班回家，所以应该是太阳下山较早。rise升起；lift提起；set下山；fall下降。故选C。
39．A.at a loss B．out of breath
C．in a hurry D．in the dark
答案 D
解析 根据前文语境可知太阳下山了，作者在黑暗中行走，所以选D。at a loss不知所措；out of breath上气不接下气；in a hurry匆忙地；in the dark在黑暗中。
40．A.but B．so
C．or D．for
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知，虽然离家不到一公里，但走这条路线要经过一座桥，穿过火车轨道和一个黑暗的地下通道。but但是；so因此；or或者；for因为，故选A。
41．A.across B．past
C．through D．by
答案 C
解析 穿过地下通道，从中间(内部)穿过，故用through。across从表面穿过；past经过；by 在旁边，凭借什么手段。
42．A.immediately B．suddenly
C．clearly D．quietly
答案 B
解析 此处表示突然(suddenly)听到有个陌生人在自己旁边跑。immediately立刻；clearly清晰地；quietly安静地。
43．A.cold B．hot
C．empty D．dry
答案 D
解析 此处表示自己由于害怕，嘴巴变干了，腿像水一样。cold寒冷的；hot炎热的；empty空的；dry干的，故选D。
44．A.pick up B．use up
C．throw up D．break up
答案 A
解析 此处表示自己没有加快步伐。pick up pace加快步伐，符合语境。use up用光；throw up扔掉；break up打破。
45．A.caught B．faced
C．hit D．recognized
答案 B
解析 根据语境可知此处表示自己停下来，转过身，面向陌生人。catch抓住；face面对；hit击中；recognize认出。
46．A.Until B．Since
C．After D．As
答案 D
解析 此处表示当他走到我身边时，我已经快走到公园的出口了。until直到；since自从；after在……之后；as当……时，故选D。
47．A.apartment B．home
C．park D．train
答案 C
解析 根据第一段提到作者回家要经过公园、桥、火车轨道和地下通道，再根据后文“When we reached the bridge”，可知此时快走出公园了。apartment公寓；home家；train火车。
48．A.laughing B．throwing
C．keeping D．driving
答案 B
解析 此处表示他抓住机会，向我猛扑过来，掐住我的脖子。laugh笑；keep保持；drive驱赶。
49．A.closed around B．took in
C．cut off D．waved at
答案 A
解析 此处表示他的手掐住了我的脖子。close around围绕，符合语境。take in吸收，欺骗；cut off切断；wave at朝……招手。
50．A.head B．arm
C．fist D．thumb
答案 D
解析 根据后文“So I put all my into that thumb，”可知此处表示我用拇指挖他的眼睛。
51．A.always B．simply
C．nearly D．usually
答案 B
解析 根据语境可知此处表示他更大胆了。always总是；simply简直；nearly几乎；usually通常，故选B。
52．A.strength B．ability
C．feeling D．attention
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知此处表示我用尽全力。strength力气；ability能力；feeling情感；attention注意，故选A。
53．A.went by B．broke down
C．let go D．looked away
答案 C
解析 根据语境可知那个陌生人终于松开了我。go by走过；break down(身体或精神上)垮掉；let go放走；look away不再看(某人或某物)，故选C。
54．A.excitement B．joy
C．disappointment D．fear
答案 D
解析 根据语境可知我害怕(fear)得发抖。
55．A.attempted B．managed
C．failed D．preferred
答案 A
解析 此处表示自己试图跑。attempt企图，尝试；manage成功做成；fail失败；prefer更喜欢。
56．A.watched B．learned
C．remembered D．found
答案 C
解析 此处表示自己记起(remember)了另一个自我防御的经验教训。
57．A.wait B．hesitate
C．panic D．run
答案 D
解析 根据下文“So I walked away”可知，教训就是不要跑。wait等待；hesitate犹豫；panic惊恐；run跑。
Ⅵ.语法填空
(2018·嘉兴模拟)
There was a man who had four sons.He hoped his sons could learn not to judge things too quickly.So he gave them a task in turn,58.asking(ask) them to go to see a pear tree at a distance 59.separately(separate)．
The first son set out in winter，the second in spring，the third in summer，and the 60.youngest(young) in autumn.
When all of them returned home，they were called together 61.to describe(describe) what they had seen.The first son complained the tree was 62.bent (bend) and ugly.The second son said the tree was covered with buds(花蕾) and full of hope.The third son said it was full of flowers 63.which/that smelled so sweet and that he had 64.never/notseen such beautiful scenery.The last son disagreed 65.with all of them，saying it was filled with fruits，full of life and content.
The man told his four sons that they were all correct，but they only saw the tree in 66.one/a/some season.He taught them that the value of a person could only be measured when all the seasons were over.
If you give up in winter，you 67.will miss(miss) the hope of spring，the beauty of summer，and the harvest of autumn in your life.
Ⅶ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Without most people realizing it，there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years.Before that time，large computers were only used by large，rich companies that could afford the investment.With the advancement of technology，small computers have come into the market，which are capable of doing the work that used to be done by much larger and expensive computers，so now most smaller companies can use them.
The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors(处理器)，or WPS as they are often called.40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.
There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager.The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work，such as retyping letters and storing papers.He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss.From a manager’s point of view，secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically(自动地) outside office hours.
But is it all good？If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically，surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed.Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units(显示器)．The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly.It is also fearful that if a woman works a VDU for long hours，the unborn child in her body might be killed.Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them.
Whatever the arguments for and against word processors are，they are a key feature of this revolution in office practice.
参考范文
Small computers with a word processor have brought a revolution to office work.More and more British offices are using a word processor as it frees secretaries and managers from much daily work.However，it may cut down the need of secretaries and cause some health problems，such as loss of sight.Anyway，word processors are playing an important role in office work revolution.
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