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2020版高考英语精准备考一轮新高考地区（鲁琼辽）专用版讲义：Book1Module4
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基础知识默写
1．local adj.地方的；局部的 n．当地人
2．attractive adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的→attract vt.吸引；引起兴趣→attraction n．吸引；名胜
3．fortunate adj.幸运的；吉祥的→fortunately adv.幸运地；吉祥地→unfortunate(反)adj.不幸的；不祥的→fortune n．运气；命运→misfortune n．(反义词)不幸
4．pretty adv.很；相当 adj.漂亮的，机灵的
5．tourist n．旅游者；观光客→tour n．旅游；观光→tourism n．旅游业
6．bother vt.打扰；烦扰；麻烦
7．rent n．租金 v．出租
8．approach vt.接近 n．途径；方法
9．starve vi.饿死→starvation n．饿死
10．park vt.停车→parking n．停车场
11．committee n．委员会
12．unemployed adj.失业的；没有工作的→unemployment n．失业→employment(反)n.职业；工作→employ vt.雇用；使用→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员
13．professional adj.专业的 n．专业人员→profession n．专业
14．exchange vt.&n.交换
15．afford vt.买得起；有能力支付
16．fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的→fascinated adj.被迷住的；被吸引住的→fascinate vt.迷住；吸引→fascination n．着迷；迷恋
17．survive vi.死里逃生；大难不死→survival n．幸存；继续生存→survivor n．幸存者；生还者
18．contact vt.&n.联络；联系(某人)
19．survey n．调查
20．neighbourhood n．四邻；街坊
21．occupation n．职业→occupy vt.使用，占用→occupied adj.已被占用的，有人使用的；忙于
22．suburb n．城郊；郊区→suburban adj.郊区的；城郊的
23．architecture n．建筑→architect n．建筑师
24．nuisance n．令人讨厌的人或事
25．district n．地域；区域；行政区
26．harbour n．海港
27．gorgeous adj.美丽的；宜人的
28．traffic n．交通
29．household n．家属；家人
30．manual adj.用手的；手的
31．gallery n．美术馆；画廊
32．put up举起；张贴；搭建；修建；投宿
33．so far/up to now/till now到目前为止
34．get away from摆脱
35．make it成功；及时赶到
36．a great many/a number of许多；大量
37．go up上升
38．It’s been six years since we last saw each other，you know.
你知道，自从我们上次见面以来已经有六年了。
39．And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.
并且这是我第一次参观你的家乡。
40．Cities are interesting，and they can be beautiful，but they are never beautiful in the way that the countryside is beautiful.
城市很有趣，也会很美丽，但是它们的美永远不会是乡村的那种美。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Fortunately(fortune)，after a brief stay in hospital，Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
2．Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture(architect) and a good knowledge of traditions.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
3．The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they are really fascinated(fascinate) by nature.
(2018·天津)
4．In 1870，when Dickens died，the world mourned him as its first professional(profession) writer and publisher，famous and beloved.(2018·浙江)
5．Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater，employees(employ) were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
6．It is a race against time to stop people dying from starvation(starve)．
7．The Maritime Museum is an attractive(attract) place to visit，especially with children.
(2018·石家庄一模)
8．They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had refused to sell to tourists(tour)．
(2016·浙江)
9．A lot of small companies are having to fight for survival(survive)．
10．Other organisations(organise) such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand.(2016·上海)
11．You’d better make seat reservations well in advance in case all the seats are occupied(occupy) when you arrive.
12．Doctors say the reason why the locals(当地人) don’t suffer from malnutrition is that their animals’ milk contains a lot of micronutrients.
13．Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange(交换) for work permits.(2017·浙江)
14．The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems.
(2018·天津)
15．He didn’t even bother(麻烦，费力) to keep me informed of the latest updates.
Ⅱ.选词成篇
A harmonious neighbourhood is established on the basis of mutual respect and consideration.1.A great many people living in modern flats seldom pay attention to their behaviour.With the number 2.going up，people in their neighbourhood have been annoyed by quarrels，loud music and other noises 3.so far，especially at night.In order to 4.get away from the terrible situation，we should take effective measures.In my opinion，above all，necessary signs should 5.be put up to advertise the importance of a harmonious relationship.In addition，when disagreements arise，people should calm down and find a reasonable solution.I firmly believe that with all the efforts，we can certainly 6.make it and make the world a better place.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．It had been 13 years since I’d last seen him.(since引导时间状语从句)(2018·全国Ⅱ)
自从我上次见到他，已经十三年了。
2．He decided to try it for the first time on December twentyfourth.It was the first time (that) a human voice had been heard on radio.[It is/was the first time＋(that)...]
他决定把12月24日作为首次试播的日子，这是在收音机上第一次听到人类声音。
3．What has happened in the past decades has changed the way (that/in which) we think about our environment.(way作先行词的定语从句)
过去几十年发生的事情已经改变了我们对环境的看法。
1．“迷人的”家庭
(1)attractive adj.有吸引力的
(2)charming adj.可爱的；迷人的
(3)fascinating adj.吸引人的；迷人的
(4)catching adj.有魅力的
2．不同“命运”
(1)fortune n．运气；命运
(2)fate n．命运；结局
(3)destiny n．命运；天命；定数
3．短语“摆脱”的不同表达
(1)get away from
(2)get rid of
(3)break away from
(4)get out of
4．如此“成功”
(1)make it 成功
(2)manage to do设法成功做到
(3)be able to do做成；做到
(4)succeed in doing成功做到
(1)attract vt.吸引；引来
attract one’s attention吸引某人的注意
attract...to...把……吸引到……
(2)attraction n．吸引，吸引力；有吸引力的事物或人
have no attraction for sb.对某人没有吸引力
(1)TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive(attract) and accessible to children.(2017·北京)
(2)The government is trying to attract industry to the area.
(3)Most tourist attractions(attract) in China are littered，the worst of which is this lake.
(4)Her new clothes are attracting a lot of attention(引起了很大关注)．
(1)be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.在……方面运气好
It is fortunate that...幸运的是……
(2)fortune n．机会；运气；大笔的钱；财富；命运
make a fortune发财；致富
seek/try one’s fortune碰运气
have the good fortune to do sth.有幸做某事(fortune后只接不定式)
(1)Getty made a large fortune in his life，but he gave his money to the art world.
盖蒂一生赚了一大笔钱，但他把钱都给了艺术界。
(2)He decided to go abroad to seek/try his fortune(碰运气)．
(3)[一句多译] 她很幸运有位好丈夫。
①She is fortunate to have a good husband.
②She is fortunate in having a good husband.
③It is fortunate that she has a good husband.
易错点拨 fortune作“机会；运气”讲是不可数名词；作“财产；命运”讲是可数名词。
bother v.打扰；烦扰；麻烦；操心
n.[U]烦扰；麻烦；困难；[C]麻烦的事；讨厌的人
(1)bother to do/doing sth.费心/特意做某事
bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人
It bothers/bothered sb.that.../to do...使某人苦恼的是……
(2)have bother (in) doing sth.费劲/有麻烦做某事
put sb.to any bother给某人添乱
why bother没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦
(1)It bothers/bothered me to think of her all alone in that big house.
想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里我便坐立不安。
(2)—Mum，shall we go and see a film tonight?
—Why bother？We can stay at home and watch films online.(2017·江苏)
——妈妈，我们今晚去看电影好吗？
——没有必要吧？我们可以待在家里上网看电影。
(3)[一句多译] 你找到这所房子费劲吗？
①Did you have much bother (in) finding the house？(bother)
②Did you have trouble/difficulty (in) finding the house？(trouble/difficulty)
approach vt.& vi.靠近，接近；临近；接洽
n.方法；接近；通道，路径
(1)an approach to...(做某事的)方法/途径；接近，靠近
at the approach of在快到……的时候
(2)be approaching正在/将要接近
with...approaching在……快到的时候
(1)Approaching(approach) the vehicle，they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.(2016·全国Ⅰ)
(2)China’s approach to protecting(protect) its environment while feeding its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank’s Juergen
Voegele.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
[句式升级]
(3)The time for graduation is approaching and we are busy with our papers.
①At the approach of graduation，we are busy with our papers.(approach n．)
②With the time for graduation approaching，we are busy with our papers.(用with复合结构改写)
③As the time for graduation is approaching，we are busy with our papers.(用as引导的时间状语从句改写)
易错点拨
(1)approach表示“……的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；当表示某人或某物的来临时，其后常接介词of。
(2)表示“……来临”的表达有：be approaching，be drawing near，be (just) around the corner，be coming等。
exchange n.交换；互换；交流；兑换
v.调换；交换；交流；兑换
(1)exchange A for B 拿A换B
exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物
(2)in exchange (for)作为(对……的)交换
exchange student交换生
(1)He exchanged a quick smile with her and then entered the lift.
(2)I feel delighted to learn that you are coming to study in our city as an exchange student(交换生)．
(3)[一句多译] 他用一个苹果换了我一块蛋糕。
①He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.(exchange n．)
②He exchanged an apple with me for a piece of cake.(exchange v．)
[图解助记]
(1)afford to do...能做……
afford sb.sth.＝afford sth.to sb.提供某物给某人
(2)affordable adj.买得起；负担得起的
(1)Its services are so affordable(afford) and easy to access and use that we all like it.
(2)I don’t dare to annoy my boss because I can’t afford to lose(lose) my job.
(3)The programme affords young people the chance/affords the chance to young people(为年轻人提供了机会) to gain work experience.
易错点拨 afford常与can，could，be able to及其否定形式连用，表示有/无能力、时间、条件等做某事，后面接名词、代词或动词不定式。
(1)survive on靠……存活下来
A survive B(by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
survive sth.幸免于；从……中活过来
(2)survivor n．幸存者
survival n．幸存；生还
(1)For a sudden heart failure，the single best chance for survival(survive) is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.(2017·北京)
对于突发性心力衰竭，存活的唯一的最好的机会是附近的人援之以手并快速地做心肺复苏。
(2)The old woman survived her daughter by ten years.
那个老妇人在她女儿死后又活了十年。
[英译汉]
(3)The old lady has survived all her children.
这位老太太的子女都先她而去世了。
易错点拨 survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要在其宾语前加多余的in或from。
contact vt.联系；联络
n.联系；接触；会见；交往
(1)in contact with和……保持联系
out of contact with与……失去联系
(2)have/keep in/lose/make contact with与……有/保持/失去/建立联系
come into contact with与……接触
(1)In the following days，the owner of the cat still couldn’t be contacted(contact)．
(2)I have kept in contact with my mother(和母亲保持联系) by telephone for many years.
(3)[同义句改写] The pilot was trying to contact his base.
→The pilot was trying to make contact with his base.(contact n．)
易错点拨 contact是及物动词，要表示“与某人联系”，其后直接跟某人即可，注意不要按汉语意思在其后误加介词with。
put up with容忍，忍受
put on穿上；上演；增加体重
put forward提出；拨快
put away将……收起；积蓄
put off推迟；延期
put through接通
[写出下列句子中put up的汉语意思]
(1)She put up a notice about the school trip to Italy.张贴
(2)Several of the banks have decided to put up their interest rates.提高
(3)I was wet before I could put my umbrella up.举起
(4)Would you be able to put me up for the night when I come to London？留宿
(5)Clare first put up the idea of holding a concert to raise money for the school.提出
(6)John was in the garden putting a fence up.建造，搭建
[完成句子]
(7)I can put up with the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean.
我能忍受这套房子凌乱，但不喜欢它不干净。
get away with(做了坏事)而不受惩罚；受到从轻发落；携带……跑掉
get across解释清楚，使人了解；传达
get over克服；恢复
get down to开始；着手
get round/around/about走动；(消息等)传开
(1)I won’t be able to get away from the office before 7.
我7点以前不能离开办公室。
(2)The policeman can’t have the thief getting away with stealing people’s money.
警察不能容忍小偷偷了人们的钱而跑掉。
(3)It can take weeks to get over an illness like that.
那样的疾病要过几个星期才能治好。
(4)Mr Brown is a good coach because he can get across the play.布朗先生是一位好教练，因为他能够把比赛讲得一清二楚。
表示“许多；大量”的词语可分为以下几类：
(1) ＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词
(2) ＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词
(3) ＋可数名词复数或不可数名词
(4)＋单数可数名词＋单数谓语动词
(1)Large quantities of land in the area have been reserved(reserve) for national parks these years，which are(be) now home to bears，wolves，and other wild animals.
(2)Among mammals alone，the number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species is(be) astonishing.
(3)More than one doctor was involved(involve) in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.
(4)One survey shows that large amounts of water are wasted(waste) every year in China，and that one third is available to be saved.
易错点拨 large quantities of后跟名词(可数名词复数或不可数名词)作主语，谓语动词一律用复数；large amounts of 后跟不可数名词作主语，谓语动词也用复数形式；the number of后跟名词作主语，表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数。
It’s been six years since we last saw each other，you know.
你知道，自从我们上次见面以来已经有六年了。
(1)在“It be＋一段时间＋since从句”句式中：
①常用于两种时态：
②since从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词时，意为“某人做某事已经有多久了”；若从句中的谓语动词用延续性动词时，则意为“某人不做某事已经有多久了”。
(2)It was/will be＋time＋before...过了/要过多长时间才……
It is/was＋时间点＋when...做某事是在某个具体的时间。
It is/was＋时间状语＋that...是在什么时间做的某事。
(1)It has been a few decades since the computer came into being.
自从计算机问世以来已经有几十年的时间了。
(2)It will be quite a long time before everything returns to normal.
要过很长一段时间，一切才会恢复正常。
(3)It was almost evening when he hurried back.
他匆忙赶回来时已经差不多是傍晚了。
(4)[一句多译] 她患上这种奇怪的疾病已经六年了。
①It is/has been six years since she developed such a strange disease.
②She has developed such a strange disease for six years.
③She developed such a strange disease six years ago.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Tourism(tour) is now the chief industry of Dawson City—its present population is 762.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
2．They are trying to find a new approach to teaching(teach) languages.
3．A lot of people are moving down there because the houses there are more affordable(afford)．
4．So information was exchanged(exchange)，but it wasn’t a true，intentional back and forth.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
5．We handed out gifts of food and clothing to the survivors(survive) of the flood.
6．She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people since they first saw the homeless man.(2017·北京)
7．These people face increased risk of starvation(starve) and disease.
8．A recommendation letter is often your earliest written contact with a potential employer，creating a critical first impression.
9．He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s misfortune.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
10．Fortunately(fortunate)，Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.(2016·北京)
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于失业)
1．根据最近的一项调查，这个地区有很多失业的人。(there be句型)
2．但是幸运的是，在政府和一些社会组织的帮助下，到目前为止，一些工人在郊区找到了工作，这听起来相当令人鼓舞。(现在完成时；which引导的非限制性定语从句)
3．另外，这也是他们第一次忙于建筑方面的专业培训。(It is the first time that...)
4．他们自信，只要努力工作，就能在当地社区买得起自己的房子。(as long as从句)
5．他们将会继续努力工作，实现更好的生活。
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
According to a recent survey,11.there were a great many unemployed people in this area.But fortunately，with the help of the government and social organisations,12.some workers have got themselves employed in the suburbs so far,13.which sounds pretty encouraging.Besides,14.it is the first time that they have been occupied with professional training in the architecture.They are confident that 15.they can afford to buy their own houses in the local neighbourhoods 16.as long as they work hard.They will continue to work hard and achieve a better life.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：愿望 难度星级：☆☆
I always dreamed of studying abroad，to learn at a worldclass university while further exploring the grounds on which these nations achieved new milestones of development with each passing day.
To study abroad after my graduation，I could not stop seeking my dream.To take the first step，I did some brainstorming and explored opportunities on the Internet and finally decided to go to China.There were a number of reasons behind it—its advanced education system and thousands of centuries of rich culture inspired me to study there.The primary one was my curiosity how a nation has left many nations behind in a short time at its fast pace of development.
So just like that，I applied，along with some of my friends，for a master’s degree program at Communication University of China.I was the only one who got selected in the said program and in addition，the Chinese Scholarship Council sponsored all of my expenses.This good news was welcomed by my family.
This is my seventh month in Beijing.In my experience so far，one thing that appeared to be missing was the internship(实习) which I tried to find because I want to work here after completion of my studies.After some struggles I was lucky enough to get the opportunity to work as an intern with the Center for China and Globalization(CCG)．It’s very exciting to work with their team as a researcher.Now I can proudly say that my decision to choose China as a study destination was the best decision I have ever made.
17.What does the author intend to do in the beginning?
A．Add some background information.
B．Summarize the main idea of the text.
C．Explain the reason for writing the passage.
D．Encourage people to pursue dreams.
答案 A
解析 写作意图题。第一段主要讲作者一直都希望能够去世界一流大学学习，交代了故事发生的背景信息。故A项正确。
18．What is the most important reason for the author coming to China?
A．China’s rich culture.
B．His curiosity.
C．China’s advanced education system.
D．His family’s support.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The primary one was my curiosity how a nation has left many nations behind in a short time at its fast pace of development.”可知，作者选择到中国留学的最重要的原因是对这个国家充满了好奇。
19．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Learning and Working in China
B．Travel Experiences in China
C．Realization of Dreams in China
D．Importance of Having Dreams
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了作者在中国的圆梦之旅。所以选C项。
话题：科普知识 难度星级：☆☆
(2019·云南曲靖一中质检)
It’s known to all that coffee can make you feel more awake，and now it seems that coffee may also improve your maths skills.And the best news is that you don’t even need to drink it to see the improvements—you just need to smell it.Coffee is actually very healthy.It is loaded with antioxidants and beneficial nutrients that can improve your health.The studies show that coffee drinkers have a much lower risk of developing several serious diseases.
A new study by researchers from Stevens Institute of Technology has revealed that the scent of coffee may help your maths skills.Professor Adriana Madzharov，who led the study，said，“It’s not just that the coffeelike scent helped people perform better on analytical tasks，which was already interesting.But they also thought they would do better，and we proved that this expectation was at least partly responsible for their improved performance.”
In the study,100 business students took a 10question algebra test.Half the group took the test in the presence of a coffeelike scent，while the other half took the test in an unscented room.The results revealed that the group in the coffeesmelling room scored significantly higher on the test than those in the unscented room.
In a followup study，the researchers quizzed 200 new participants on their belief about various scents and their effects on human performance.Their answers showed that they believed they would feel more alert in the presence of a coffee scent.This suggests that their expectations about performance may have influenced their improved skills.
The researchers believe that the findings could have major effects on the real world.Professor Madzharov added，“Olfaction(嗅觉) is one of our most powerful senses.Employers，architects，building developers，retail space managers and others，can use subtle scents to help shape employees’ or occupants’ experience with their environment.It’s an area of great interest and potential.”
语篇解读 本文属于说明文。文章提出了闻一闻咖啡就能提高数学技能这一观点以及对此观点的研究。
20．Which of the following best explains “scent” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A．Flavor. B．Smell.
C．Taste. D．Fragrance.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。由第一段前两句可知，你只需要闻一闻咖啡的气味就能提高你的数学能力，再根据画线词所在句可知，这里的研究表述和第一段一致，从而可以猜测出scent为“气味”之意。flavor指“食物或饮料尝起来的味道”；fragrance是指“芳香，香水”，都不符合语境。故选B。
21．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3?
A．Summarize the previous paragraphs.
B．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
C．Add some background information.
D．Provide some evidence for the findings.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。第三段中提到了科学家们找了100个学生做实验的过程及实验结果，由此可知，是为研究发现提供依据。故选D。
22．What can we infer from the passage?
A．200 new participants took a 10question maths test.
B．50 business students scored higher in the maths test with the presence of coffeelike scent than those without the scent of coffee.
C．150 new participants believed coffee have influenced their improved skills.
D．100 business students thought they would feel more alert in the presence of a coffee scent.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。由第三段可知，实验结果显示，在有咖啡味的房间考试的一组学生得分要明显高于在没有咖啡味的房间考试的另外一组学生。故选B。
23．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Scent of Coffee May Help One’s Maths Skills
B．The New Function of Coffee
C．The New Findings of Coffee Will Affect the World
D．Coffee is Very Healthy
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。由第二段第一句“A new study by researchers from Stevens Institute of Technology has revealed that the scent of coffee may help your maths skills.” 可知，文章提出了闻咖啡味能提高数学技能这一观点，下文则涉及对此观点的研究。故选A。
话题：社会 难度星级：☆☆
When a Canadian woman was hit by a train and badly injured in northern Italy，rescue services quickly went to her aid on the tracks.But as they treated the victim，a young man photographed the scene from the station platform in a selfie(自拍) that has caused widespread anger.Corriere della Sera said he appeared to be making a “V for victory” sign with one hand while taking the shot with the other.
Police caught the young selfietaker and forced him to delete his picture.The young man has been investigated(调查) and does not appear to have committed a crime.But the image of him pointing his mobile phone at the rescue scene has appeared on many front pages in Italy and it attracted incredulity to the investigation so that the public insisted that further investigations should be carried out.
Journalist Giorgio Lambri，who pictured this young selfietaker，complained “we have completely lost a sense of morality”．Besides，a commentary in La Stampa spoke of “a cancer that affects the Internet”．The young man who took the selfie was not bad，argued Antonella Boralevi.Instead，he had turned off his soul and his personality and become an “automaton(机械行事之人) of the Internet”．
What remains unclear is how the young woman was hit by a train in the first place.According to reports at the time，the control system for closing the train’s doors was faulty and the woman may have fallen out of the train while opening a door on the wrong side.However，there was also a suggestion that she may have been rushing to board the train as it was leaving the station.
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一名男子在救援现场自拍引发了公众的不满和批评。
24.What does the underlined word “incredulity” probably mean?
A．Suspicion. B．Resistance.
C．Attention. D．Sensitivity.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。从画线词前的“The young man has been investigated(调查) and does not appear to have committed a crime.”可知，那个男子已经被调查，而且似乎并没有犯过罪，再结合画线词后的“the public insisted that further investigations should be carried out”可知，男子的自拍行为引起了公众不满，公众要求对其进行进一步调查，故可推知公众应该是怀疑警方之前的调查结果，故画线词的含义与A项最为接近。
25．According to Antonella Boralevi，the man who took the selfie .
A．was a bad person
B．was not very moral
C．should be forgiven
D．did this automatically
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。从第三段中Antonella Boralevi所说的话“The young man who took the selfie was not bad...Instead，he had turned off his soul and his personality and become an ‘automaton(机械行事之人) of the Internet’．”可知，Antonella Boralevi认为拍照的那个男子本性不坏，只是因为受网络的影响变成了互联网上的机械行事之人，言外之意就是拍照男子过分沉溺于网络和自拍，遇到什么事都会不自觉拍照，故可知Antonella Boralevi认为拍照的男子是不由自主地拍照的。
26．What does the last paragraph focus on?
A．The failure of the train’s doors.
B．The process of the woman being hit.
C．The likely causes of the train accident.
D．The severity of the woman’s injuries.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。从最后一段的内容，尤其是“What remains unclear is how the young woman was hit by a train in the first place.”可知，本段主要在探究女子是如何被火车撞到的，即火车事故发生的可能原因。
Ⅳ.七选五
If you want to make a great first impression，you can take some basic steps：Smile，make eye contact，listen more than you talk，ask the other person questions.But how can you convince yourself that people will like you？ 27 .
•Give a sincere compliment.
Everyone loves to be praised， 28 .Show interest by asking questions.Ask what it’s like to do and what the person does.Ask what’s hard about it.Ask what the person loves about it.You’ll soon find things to compliment.
•Focus on letting people talk about themselves.
People love to talk about themselves.Research shows approximately 40 percent of everyday speech is spent telling other people what we think or feel.Research also shows that talking about ourselves， 29 ，leads to the same pleasure sensation in the brain as money or food.By listening to people talk about themselves，you’re seen as a great conversationalist even when you actually say very little.And in the process，you also make other people feel better about themselves，which makes them like you.
• 30 .
Think about the difference in these statements：“I had to go to a meeting.”“I got to meet with some great people.” No big deal，right？Wrong.We like to be around happy，enthusiastic，and motivated people.Keep in mind that choosing the right words also affects how you feel.Don’t say, “I have to go to the gym.” Say，“I want to go to the gym.”
•Show a little vulnerability(脆弱)．
Great friends are willing to be vulnerable. 31 .Admit your mistakes.Laugh at yourself.When you do，other people won’t laugh at you.They’ll laugh with you.And they’ll immediately like you，and want to be around you more.
A．Change one word
B．whether in life or on social media
C．especially since no one gets enough praise
D．basically，talking about our subjective experiences
E．Commit yourself to taking a few steps to make sure almost anyone will like you
F．Great teams are often led by people willing to admit weaknesses and failings
G．When you’re in an unfamiliar setting，it’s a lot easier to assume people won’t like you
27.答案 E
解析 该空应该是对空前“如何使自己确信人们会喜欢你呢”的回答，同时从结构分析，该空应引出下文的具体措施。E项的关键词为“taking a few steps”符合语境，因此选择E。
28．答案 C
解析 该段主题句的关键词是“compliment”(赞美)，其近义词为praise。因此，该空所在句的意思是：每个人都喜欢被赞美，尤其是因为每个人得到的赞美都不够。选择C。
29．答案 B
解析 该段的主题句为“着重让人们谈论他们自己”。该空所在句的意思是：研究还显示，无论是在生活中还是在社交网络上，谈论我们自己都会在大脑中产生一种愉悦感，这种感觉和金钱或食物产生的愉悦感相同。选择B。
30．答案 A
解析 该段要选择主题句。根据下文中的“choosing the right words also affects how you feel”和“Don’t say，‘I have to go to the gym.’ Say，‘I want to go to the gym.’”可知，本段主要讲的是“换一种说法”。选择A。
31．答案 F
解析 该段的主题句为“Show a little vulnerability(脆弱)”，空后的“Admit your mistakes”与选项F中的“admit weaknesses and failings”呼应。选择F。
Ⅴ.完形填空
A Gift on a Small Slip of Paper
Over the holidays last year，my team at work did a“Secret Santa” gift exchange.We all 32 a name out of a jar，and prepared our assigned person small fun 33 in two weeks.Then，we all met after work one day for a final “reveal” where we 34 our real gifts.
Usually，these kinds of gift exchanges feel a bit more 35 material things than I like to be， 36 I wanted to be a team 37 ，so I went along with it.It 38 up being fun to make secret 39 for some meaningful gifts to give my colleague.On the evening of our final giftgiving exchange，the person who had picked my name out of the jar totally blew me away with her 40 .She gave me a beautiful framed photo and a postcard that she’d been holding 41 since she was 5 years old.
Then，for the heart of her gift，she introduced，“I’ve 42 you’re not really that big into material things.And you also like to make people 43 .”
She proceeded to 44 everyone a small slip of paper that 45 ，“I made someone smile today.”
“So，I think we can all do a 46 act that makes someone smile.And 47 this activity can pass down and we can tell people around the story of it.”
I was so 48 ！It was truly the 49 gift，and I didn’t 50 know this colleague that well，but with her perceptive(有感知的) kindness，she really 51 my heart，and expanded it many times over.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位同事在“秘密的圣诞老人”礼物交换活动中，送给了“我”一份贴心的礼物，触动了“我”的心的故事。
32．A.covered B．picked
C．wrote D．expressed
答案 B
解析 根据第二段中的“the person who had picked my name out of the jar”可知，此处指“我们都从罐子里取出(picked)一个名字”。此处是后文中picked的原词复现。故选B。
33．A.gifts B．pictures
C．flowers D．notes
答案 A
解析 根据上文中的“my team at work did a ‘Secret Santa’ gift exchange”可知，“我们”要与其他人互相交换礼物(gifts)。故选A。
34．A.distributed B．produced
C．exchanged D．expected
答案 C
解析 根据上文中的“my team at work did a ‘Secret Santa’ gift exchange”及后文提到的同事给“我”准备的装在相框里的相片和明信片等提示可知，“我们”最后要交换(exchanged)真正的礼物。故选C。
35．A.tired with B．crazy about
C．faced with D．focused on
答案 D
解析 根据语境并结合生活常识可知，此处指“通常人们在这个活动中交换的礼物更注重物质上的东西”。(be) tired with对……感到疲惫；(be) crazy about对……着迷；(be) faced with面对，面临；(be) focused on关注，对……予以注意。故选D。
36．A.and B．because
C．but D．unless
答案 C
解析 根据空前的“material things than I like to be”以及空后的“I wanted to be a team ，so I went along with it”可知，此处表示转折关系，所以应用表示转折的连词，指“人们在这个活动中交换的礼物通常更注重于物质上的东西，而我并不是那么注重物质的人，但是我想成为一个具有团队精神的人，所以我参与了这个活动”。故选C。
37．A.leader B．owner
C．player D．learner
答案 C
解析 根据空后的“so I went along with it”可知，“我”想成为一个具有团队精神的人。team player具有团队精神的人，合作意识强的人。故选C。
38．A.ended B．brought
C．took D．picked
答案 A
解析 根据语境并结合上下文内容可知，此处指“给同事秘密准备一些有意义的礼物是以欢乐结束的”。end up以……结束；bring up抚养，呕吐，提出；take up占据；pick up拾起，接收(信号)。故选A。
39．A.promise B．decision
C．comment D．preparation
答案 D
解析 根据第一段中的“and prepared our assigned person small fun in two weeks”可知，此处指“秘密准备一些有意义的礼物”。promise承诺；decision决定；comment评论；preparation准备。故选D。
40．A.confidence B．honesty
C．optimism D．thoughtfulness
答案 D
解析 根据上下文内容尤其是“She gave me a beautiful framed photo and a postcard that she’d been holding since she was 5 years old.”可知，在注意到“我”并不是那么注重物质的人之后，从罐子里取出“我”名字的人送给“我”她从5岁就一直保存着的装在相框里的美丽相片和明信片。由此可知，她很体贴，为“我”准备礼物时一定深思熟虑过。故选D。
41．A.up B．onto
C．down D．with
答案 B
解析 根据空后的“since she was 5 years old”可知，同事给“我”的装在相框里的美丽相片和明信片是她从5岁时就一直保存着的。hold up支撑住，承受住；hold onto (长时间地)保存某物；hold down压住，限制；hold with同意，赞成。故选B。
42．A.praised B．pointed
C．accepted D．noticed
答案 D
解析 根据上文的“a bit more material things than I like to be”并结合语境可知，此处指“我注意到你并不是那么注重物质的人”。praise表扬；point指出；accept接受；notice注意到，留意到。故选D。
43．A.sick B．smile
C．agree D．surprised
答案 B
解析 根据第四段中的“I made someone smile today.”可知，此处是原词复现，指的是“你也想让人们微笑”。故选B。
44．A.hand B．pose
C．put D．spread
答案 A
解析 根据空后的“a small slip of paper...”可推知，此处指“她接着给每人递上了一张小纸条”。hand递上；pose摆姿势；put放；spread展开，伸开。故选A。
45．A.spoke B．wrote
C．read D．told
答案 C
解析 根据语境及空后的“I made someone smile today.”可知，此处指“纸条上写着”。read表示“(指示牌、信上等)写着”，符合此处语境。故选C。
46．A.big B．small
C．troublesome D．content
答案 B
解析 根据上文提到她给每个人都发了一张纸，上面写着“今天我让某人微笑了”可知，这位同事是在建议大家从小事做起，让别人感到快乐。故选B。
47．A.nevertheless B．besides
C．afterwards D．therefore
答案 C
解析 根据空前的“we can all do a act that makes someone smile”并结合语境可知，此处指“在这之后(afterwards)，这个活动还可以传承下去，我们还可以告诉周围的人它的故事”。故选C。
48．A.bored B．interested
C．relaxed D．surprised
答案 D
解析 根据下文中的“and I didn’t know this colleague that well”可知，“我”对于同事的做法感到惊讶。故选D。
49．A.cleanest B．sweetest
C．heaviest D．strangest
答案 B
解析 根据上文并结合语境可知，注意到“我”不是那么注重物质上的东西之后，同事精心为“我”准备了她珍藏多年的相片和明信片。由此可知，她的这份礼物是最令人愉快的。故选B。
50．A.even B．still
C．also D．yet
答案 A
解析 根据设空处所在句“I didn’t know this colleague that well，but with her perceptive(有感知的) kindness，she really my heart”可知，该句想要表达“我”甚至(even)不是很了解这个同事，但是她这种有感知力的善良触动了“我”的心。故选A。
51．A.touched B．laughed
C．cared D．left
答案 A
解析 根据上文“I was so ！It was truly the gift...but with her perceptive(有感知的) kindness”可知，此处指同事的礼物触动了“我”的心。故选A。
Ⅵ.语法填空
Will cash disappear from our neighborhoods？Not so fast.Cash will likely become less popular，thanks to the high cost of using cash and the 52. (grow) number of alternatives.The future will be “less cash”，rather than cashless.Cash is unique among payment instruments in that anyone can transact(交易)，any time，any place，with no third parties 53.
(involve)．With this freedom 54. (come) strong privacy protection.Currency neither knows nor cares who holds it or when and where a transaction occurs.People have 55. sense of security when they have cash with them.These entries will，of course，evolve as our societies become more 56. (digital) native.However，old habits and viewpoints will take a long time 57. (turn) over.Some 58. (merchant) will resist the costs of new equipment or fees that accompany cash alternatives.Cash 59. (consider) more convenient and universal，while with digital transactions there are always concerns about hacking and fraud(诈骗)．
So，no matter where we are in the world，let us celebrate the ATM’s halfcentury of service.Though cash may become less popular，you may rest assured that there will always be someone 60. will stop you in the street，asking for directions 61. the nearest ATM.
语篇解读 如今，由于使用现金的高成本和迅速增加的替代物的出现，现金交易可能变得不那么流行了。实际上，现金在支付手段中是独一无二的，因为任何人在任何时间、任何地点都能进行交易，而且没有第三方介入。因此，现金支付不可能完全消失。
52．答案 growing
解析 考查非谓语动词。设空前有定冠词the，其后为名词number，因此，设空处应作定语；number与grow之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此，应用现在分词作定语。故填growing。
53．答案 involved
解析 考查非谓语动词。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，involve和third parties构成逻辑上的被动关系，因此，应用过去分词作宾补。故填involved。
54．答案 comes
解析 考查动词的时态。设空句描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，且此句为倒装句，主语为strong privacy protection，故动词用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
55．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。句意为：当人们随身带着现金时，他们会有一种安全感。a sense of...为固定搭配，意为“……感”。故填a。
56．答案 digitally
解析 考查词性转换。设空处修饰形容词native，应用副词。故填digitally。
57．答案 to turn
解析 考查非谓语动词。take some time to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事需花费……时间”，故填to turn。
58．答案 merchants
解析 考查名词单复数。merchant商人，为可数名词，其前有Some修饰，应用复数形式。故填merchants。
59．答案 is considered
解析 考查动词的时态和语态。此处介绍一般情况，应用一般现在时，且consider和句子主语Cash之间为被动关系，因此应用被动语态。故填is considered。
60．答案 who
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是someone，指人，且在从句中作主语，故用who引导该从句。
61．答案 to
解析 考查介词。根据句意可知，设空处表示“向，朝，往(某个方向或某处)”，故填介词to。
Ⅶ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你所在校的英文报正在进行“外卖是否应该进校园”的征文活动。请你写一封信向你的英国朋友Steven约稿。内容包括：
1．就“外卖是否应该进校园”发表看法；
2．稿件长度：200词左右；
3．交稿日期：6月28日前。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Steven，
I’m writing to invite you to write an article for my school’s English newspaper.
Recently，some students are used to ordering takeout food at school.More often than not，food is delivered directly to their dormitories.Would you please write something relevant to whether students should order takeout food at school？Your article can have a title made up by yourself with a vocabulary of 200 words or so.Could I have your article before June 28?
Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours truly，
Li Hua
基础知识默写
1．local adj.地方的；局部的 n．当地人
2．attractive adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的→attract vt.吸引；引起兴趣→attraction n．吸引；名胜
3．fortunate adj.幸运的；吉祥的→fortunately adv.幸运地；吉祥地→unfortunate(反)adj.不幸的；不祥的→fortune n．运气；命运→misfortune n．(反义词)不幸
4．pretty adv.很；相当 adj.漂亮的，机灵的
5．tourist n．旅游者；观光客→tour n．旅游；观光→tourism n．旅游业
6．bother vt.打扰；烦扰；麻烦
7．rent n．租金 v．出租
8．approach vt.接近 n．途径；方法
9．starve vi.饿死→starvation n．饿死
10．park vt.停车→parking n．停车场
11．committee n．委员会
12．unemployed adj.失业的；没有工作的→unemployment n．失业→employment(反)n.职业；工作→employ vt.雇用；使用→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员
13．professional adj.专业的 n．专业人员→profession n．专业
14．exchange vt.&n.交换
15．afford vt.买得起；有能力支付
16．fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的→fascinated adj.被迷住的；被吸引住的→fascinate vt.迷住；吸引→fascination n．着迷；迷恋
17．survive vi.死里逃生；大难不死→survival n．幸存；继续生存→survivor n．幸存者；生还者
18．contact vt.&n.联络；联系(某人)
19．survey n．调查
20．neighbourhood n．四邻；街坊
21．occupation n．职业→occupy vt.使用，占用→occupied adj.已被占用的，有人使用的；忙于
22．suburb n．城郊；郊区→suburban adj.郊区的；城郊的
23．architecture n．建筑→architect n．建筑师
24．nuisance n．令人讨厌的人或事
25．district n．地域；区域；行政区
26．harbour n．海港
27．gorgeous adj.美丽的；宜人的
28．traffic n．交通
29．household n．家属；家人
30．manual adj.用手的；手的
31．gallery n．美术馆；画廊
32．put up举起；张贴；搭建；修建；投宿
33．so far/up to now/till now到目前为止
34．get away from摆脱
35．make it成功；及时赶到
36．a great many/a number of许多；大量
37．go up上升
38．It’s been six years since we last saw each other，you know.
你知道，自从我们上次见面以来已经有六年了。
39．And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.
并且这是我第一次参观你的家乡。
40．Cities are interesting，and they can be beautiful，but they are never beautiful in the way that the countryside is beautiful.
城市很有趣，也会很美丽，但是它们的美永远不会是乡村的那种美。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Fortunately(fortune)，after a brief stay in hospital，Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
2．Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture(architect) and a good knowledge of traditions.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
3．The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they are really fascinated(fascinate) by nature.
(2018·天津)
4．In 1870，when Dickens died，the world mourned him as its first professional(profession) writer and publisher，famous and beloved.(2018·浙江)
5．Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater，employees(employ) were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
6．It is a race against time to stop people dying from starvation(starve)．
7．The Maritime Museum is an attractive(attract) place to visit，especially with children.
(2018·石家庄一模)
8．They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had refused to sell to tourists(tour)．
(2016·浙江)
9．A lot of small companies are having to fight for survival(survive)．
10．Other organisations(organise) such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand.(2016·上海)
11．You’d better make seat reservations well in advance in case all the seats are occupied(occupy) when you arrive.
12．Doctors say the reason why the locals(当地人) don’t suffer from malnutrition is that their animals’ milk contains a lot of micronutrients.
13．Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange(交换) for work permits.(2017·浙江)
14．The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems.
(2018·天津)
15．He didn’t even bother(麻烦，费力) to keep me informed of the latest updates.
Ⅱ.选词成篇
A harmonious neighbourhood is established on the basis of mutual respect and consideration.1.A great many people living in modern flats seldom pay attention to their behaviour.With the number 2.going up，people in their neighbourhood have been annoyed by quarrels，loud music and other noises 3.so far，especially at night.In order to 4.get away from the terrible situation，we should take effective measures.In my opinion，above all，necessary signs should 5.be put up to advertise the importance of a harmonious relationship.In addition，when disagreements arise，people should calm down and find a reasonable solution.I firmly believe that with all the efforts，we can certainly 6.make it and make the world a better place.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．It had been 13 years since I’d last seen him.(since引导时间状语从句)(2018·全国Ⅱ)
自从我上次见到他，已经十三年了。
2．He decided to try it for the first time on December twentyfourth.It was the first time (that) a human voice had been heard on radio.[It is/was the first time＋(that)...]
他决定把12月24日作为首次试播的日子，这是在收音机上第一次听到人类声音。
3．What has happened in the past decades has changed the way (that/in which) we think about our environment.(way作先行词的定语从句)
过去几十年发生的事情已经改变了我们对环境的看法。
1．“迷人的”家庭
(1)attractive adj.有吸引力的
(2)charming adj.可爱的；迷人的
(3)fascinating adj.吸引人的；迷人的
(4)catching adj.有魅力的
2．不同“命运”
(1)fortune n．运气；命运
(2)fate n．命运；结局
(3)destiny n．命运；天命；定数
3．短语“摆脱”的不同表达
(1)get away from
(2)get rid of
(3)break away from
(4)get out of
4．如此“成功”
(1)make it 成功
(2)manage to do设法成功做到
(3)be able to do做成；做到
(4)succeed in doing成功做到
(1)attract vt.吸引；引来
attract one’s attention吸引某人的注意
attract...to...把……吸引到……
(2)attraction n．吸引，吸引力；有吸引力的事物或人
have no attraction for sb.对某人没有吸引力
(1)TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive(attract) and accessible to children.(2017·北京)
(2)The government is trying to attract industry to the area.
(3)Most tourist attractions(attract) in China are littered，the worst of which is this lake.
(4)Her new clothes are attracting a lot of attention(引起了很大关注)．
(1)be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.在……方面运气好
It is fortunate that...幸运的是……
(2)fortune n．机会；运气；大笔的钱；财富；命运
make a fortune发财；致富
seek/try one’s fortune碰运气
have the good fortune to do sth.有幸做某事(fortune后只接不定式)
(1)Getty made a large fortune in his life，but he gave his money to the art world.
盖蒂一生赚了一大笔钱，但他把钱都给了艺术界。
(2)He decided to go abroad to seek/try his fortune(碰运气)．
(3)[一句多译] 她很幸运有位好丈夫。
①She is fortunate to have a good husband.
②She is fortunate in having a good husband.
③It is fortunate that she has a good husband.
易错点拨 fortune作“机会；运气”讲是不可数名词；作“财产；命运”讲是可数名词。
bother v.打扰；烦扰；麻烦；操心
n.[U]烦扰；麻烦；困难；[C]麻烦的事；讨厌的人
(1)bother to do/doing sth.费心/特意做某事
bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人
It bothers/bothered sb.that.../to do...使某人苦恼的是……
(2)have bother (in) doing sth.费劲/有麻烦做某事
put sb.to any bother给某人添乱
why bother没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦
(1)It bothers/bothered me to think of her all alone in that big house.
想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里我便坐立不安。
(2)—Mum，shall we go and see a film tonight?
—Why bother？We can stay at home and watch films online.(2017·江苏)
——妈妈，我们今晚去看电影好吗？
——没有必要吧？我们可以待在家里上网看电影。
(3)[一句多译] 你找到这所房子费劲吗？
①Did you have much bother (in) finding the house？(bother)
②Did you have trouble/difficulty (in) finding the house？(trouble/difficulty)
approach vt.& vi.靠近，接近；临近；接洽
n.方法；接近；通道，路径
(1)an approach to...(做某事的)方法/途径；接近，靠近
at the approach of在快到……的时候
(2)be approaching正在/将要接近
with...approaching在……快到的时候
(1)Approaching(approach) the vehicle，they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.(2016·全国Ⅰ)
(2)China’s approach to protecting(protect) its environment while feeding its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank’s Juergen
Voegele.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
[句式升级]
(3)The time for graduation is approaching and we are busy with our papers.
①At the approach of graduation，we are busy with our papers.(approach n．)
②With the time for graduation approaching，we are busy with our papers.(用with复合结构改写)
③As the time for graduation is approaching，we are busy with our papers.(用as引导的时间状语从句改写)
易错点拨
(1)approach表示“……的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；当表示某人或某物的来临时，其后常接介词of。
(2)表示“……来临”的表达有：be approaching，be drawing near，be (just) around the corner，be coming等。
exchange n.交换；互换；交流；兑换
v.调换；交换；交流；兑换
(1)exchange A for B 拿A换B
exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物
(2)in exchange (for)作为(对……的)交换
exchange student交换生
(1)He exchanged a quick smile with her and then entered the lift.
(2)I feel delighted to learn that you are coming to study in our city as an exchange student(交换生)．
(3)[一句多译] 他用一个苹果换了我一块蛋糕。
①He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.(exchange n．)
②He exchanged an apple with me for a piece of cake.(exchange v．)
[图解助记]
(1)afford to do...能做……
afford sb.sth.＝afford sth.to sb.提供某物给某人
(2)affordable adj.买得起；负担得起的
(1)Its services are so affordable(afford) and easy to access and use that we all like it.
(2)I don’t dare to annoy my boss because I can’t afford to lose(lose) my job.
(3)The programme affords young people the chance/affords the chance to young people(为年轻人提供了机会) to gain work experience.
易错点拨 afford常与can，could，be able to及其否定形式连用，表示有/无能力、时间、条件等做某事，后面接名词、代词或动词不定式。
(1)survive on靠……存活下来
A survive B(by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
survive sth.幸免于；从……中活过来
(2)survivor n．幸存者
survival n．幸存；生还
(1)For a sudden heart failure，the single best chance for survival(survive) is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.(2017·北京)
对于突发性心力衰竭，存活的唯一的最好的机会是附近的人援之以手并快速地做心肺复苏。
(2)The old woman survived her daughter by ten years.
那个老妇人在她女儿死后又活了十年。
[英译汉]
(3)The old lady has survived all her children.
这位老太太的子女都先她而去世了。
易错点拨 survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要在其宾语前加多余的in或from。
contact vt.联系；联络
n.联系；接触；会见；交往
(1)in contact with和……保持联系
out of contact with与……失去联系
(2)have/keep in/lose/make contact with与……有/保持/失去/建立联系
come into contact with与……接触
(1)In the following days，the owner of the cat still couldn’t be contacted(contact)．
(2)I have kept in contact with my mother(和母亲保持联系) by telephone for many years.
(3)[同义句改写] The pilot was trying to contact his base.
→The pilot was trying to make contact with his base.(contact n．)
易错点拨 contact是及物动词，要表示“与某人联系”，其后直接跟某人即可，注意不要按汉语意思在其后误加介词with。
put up with容忍，忍受
put on穿上；上演；增加体重
put forward提出；拨快
put away将……收起；积蓄
put off推迟；延期
put through接通
[写出下列句子中put up的汉语意思]
(1)She put up a notice about the school trip to Italy.张贴
(2)Several of the banks have decided to put up their interest rates.提高
(3)I was wet before I could put my umbrella up.举起
(4)Would you be able to put me up for the night when I come to London？留宿
(5)Clare first put up the idea of holding a concert to raise money for the school.提出
(6)John was in the garden putting a fence up.建造，搭建
[完成句子]
(7)I can put up with the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean.
我能忍受这套房子凌乱，但不喜欢它不干净。
get away with(做了坏事)而不受惩罚；受到从轻发落；携带……跑掉
get across解释清楚，使人了解；传达
get over克服；恢复
get down to开始；着手
get round/around/about走动；(消息等)传开
(1)I won’t be able to get away from the office before 7.
我7点以前不能离开办公室。
(2)The policeman can’t have the thief getting away with stealing people’s money.
警察不能容忍小偷偷了人们的钱而跑掉。
(3)It can take weeks to get over an illness like that.
那样的疾病要过几个星期才能治好。
(4)Mr Brown is a good coach because he can get across the play.布朗先生是一位好教练，因为他能够把比赛讲得一清二楚。
表示“许多；大量”的词语可分为以下几类：
(1) ＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词
(2) ＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词
(3) ＋可数名词复数或不可数名词
(4)＋单数可数名词＋单数谓语动词
(1)Large quantities of land in the area have been reserved(reserve) for national parks these years，which are(be) now home to bears，wolves，and other wild animals.
(2)Among mammals alone，the number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species is(be) astonishing.
(3)More than one doctor was involved(involve) in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.
(4)One survey shows that large amounts of water are wasted(waste) every year in China，and that one third is available to be saved.
易错点拨 large quantities of后跟名词(可数名词复数或不可数名词)作主语，谓语动词一律用复数；large amounts of 后跟不可数名词作主语，谓语动词也用复数形式；the number of后跟名词作主语，表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数。
It’s been six years since we last saw each other，you know.
你知道，自从我们上次见面以来已经有六年了。
(1)在“It be＋一段时间＋since从句”句式中：
①常用于两种时态：
②since从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词时，意为“某人做某事已经有多久了”；若从句中的谓语动词用延续性动词时，则意为“某人不做某事已经有多久了”。
(2)It was/will be＋time＋before...过了/要过多长时间才……
It is/was＋时间点＋when...做某事是在某个具体的时间。
It is/was＋时间状语＋that...是在什么时间做的某事。
(1)It has been a few decades since the computer came into being.
自从计算机问世以来已经有几十年的时间了。
(2)It will be quite a long time before everything returns to normal.
要过很长一段时间，一切才会恢复正常。
(3)It was almost evening when he hurried back.
他匆忙赶回来时已经差不多是傍晚了。
(4)[一句多译] 她患上这种奇怪的疾病已经六年了。
①It is/has been six years since she developed such a strange disease.
②She has developed such a strange disease for six years.
③She developed such a strange disease six years ago.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Tourism(tour) is now the chief industry of Dawson City—its present population is 762.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
2．They are trying to find a new approach to teaching(teach) languages.
3．A lot of people are moving down there because the houses there are more affordable(afford)．
4．So information was exchanged(exchange)，but it wasn’t a true，intentional back and forth.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
5．We handed out gifts of food and clothing to the survivors(survive) of the flood.
6．She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people since they first saw the homeless man.(2017·北京)
7．These people face increased risk of starvation(starve) and disease.
8．A recommendation letter is often your earliest written contact with a potential employer，creating a critical first impression.
9．He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s misfortune.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
10．Fortunately(fortunate)，Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.(2016·北京)
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于失业)
1．根据最近的一项调查，这个地区有很多失业的人。(there be句型)
2．但是幸运的是，在政府和一些社会组织的帮助下，到目前为止，一些工人在郊区找到了工作，这听起来相当令人鼓舞。(现在完成时；which引导的非限制性定语从句)
3．另外，这也是他们第一次忙于建筑方面的专业培训。(It is the first time that...)
4．他们自信，只要努力工作，就能在当地社区买得起自己的房子。(as long as从句)
5．他们将会继续努力工作，实现更好的生活。
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
According to a recent survey,11.there were a great many unemployed people in this area.But fortunately，with the help of the government and social organisations,12.some workers have got themselves employed in the suburbs so far,13.which sounds pretty encouraging.Besides,14.it is the first time that they have been occupied with professional training in the architecture.They are confident that 15.they can afford to buy their own houses in the local neighbourhoods 16.as long as they work hard.They will continue to work hard and achieve a better life.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：愿望 难度星级：☆☆
I always dreamed of studying abroad，to learn at a worldclass university while further exploring the grounds on which these nations achieved new milestones of development with each passing day.
To study abroad after my graduation，I could not stop seeking my dream.To take the first step，I did some brainstorming and explored opportunities on the Internet and finally decided to go to China.There were a number of reasons behind it—its advanced education system and thousands of centuries of rich culture inspired me to study there.The primary one was my curiosity how a nation has left many nations behind in a short time at its fast pace of development.
So just like that，I applied，along with some of my friends，for a master’s degree program at Communication University of China.I was the only one who got selected in the said program and in addition，the Chinese Scholarship Council sponsored all of my expenses.This good news was welcomed by my family.
This is my seventh month in Beijing.In my experience so far，one thing that appeared to be missing was the internship(实习) which I tried to find because I want to work here after completion of my studies.After some struggles I was lucky enough to get the opportunity to work as an intern with the Center for China and Globalization(CCG)．It’s very exciting to work with their team as a researcher.Now I can proudly say that my decision to choose China as a study destination was the best decision I have ever made.
17.What does the author intend to do in the beginning?
A．Add some background information.
B．Summarize the main idea of the text.
C．Explain the reason for writing the passage.
D．Encourage people to pursue dreams.
答案 A
解析 写作意图题。第一段主要讲作者一直都希望能够去世界一流大学学习，交代了故事发生的背景信息。故A项正确。
18．What is the most important reason for the author coming to China?
A．China’s rich culture.
B．His curiosity.
C．China’s advanced education system.
D．His family’s support.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The primary one was my curiosity how a nation has left many nations behind in a short time at its fast pace of development.”可知，作者选择到中国留学的最重要的原因是对这个国家充满了好奇。
19．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Learning and Working in China
B．Travel Experiences in China
C．Realization of Dreams in China
D．Importance of Having Dreams
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了作者在中国的圆梦之旅。所以选C项。
话题：科普知识 难度星级：☆☆
(2019·云南曲靖一中质检)
It’s known to all that coffee can make you feel more awake，and now it seems that coffee may also improve your maths skills.And the best news is that you don’t even need to drink it to see the improvements—you just need to smell it.Coffee is actually very healthy.It is loaded with antioxidants and beneficial nutrients that can improve your health.The studies show that coffee drinkers have a much lower risk of developing several serious diseases.
A new study by researchers from Stevens Institute of Technology has revealed that the scent of coffee may help your maths skills.Professor Adriana Madzharov，who led the study，said，“It’s not just that the coffeelike scent helped people perform better on analytical tasks，which was already interesting.But they also thought they would do better，and we proved that this expectation was at least partly responsible for their improved performance.”
In the study,100 business students took a 10question algebra test.Half the group took the test in the presence of a coffeelike scent，while the other half took the test in an unscented room.The results revealed that the group in the coffeesmelling room scored significantly higher on the test than those in the unscented room.
In a followup study，the researchers quizzed 200 new participants on their belief about various scents and their effects on human performance.Their answers showed that they believed they would feel more alert in the presence of a coffee scent.This suggests that their expectations about performance may have influenced their improved skills.
The researchers believe that the findings could have major effects on the real world.Professor Madzharov added，“Olfaction(嗅觉) is one of our most powerful senses.Employers，architects，building developers，retail space managers and others，can use subtle scents to help shape employees’ or occupants’ experience with their environment.It’s an area of great interest and potential.”
语篇解读 本文属于说明文。文章提出了闻一闻咖啡就能提高数学技能这一观点以及对此观点的研究。
20．Which of the following best explains “scent” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A．Flavor. B．Smell.
C．Taste. D．Fragrance.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。由第一段前两句可知，你只需要闻一闻咖啡的气味就能提高你的数学能力，再根据画线词所在句可知，这里的研究表述和第一段一致，从而可以猜测出scent为“气味”之意。flavor指“食物或饮料尝起来的味道”；fragrance是指“芳香，香水”，都不符合语境。故选B。
21．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3?
A．Summarize the previous paragraphs.
B．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
C．Add some background information.
D．Provide some evidence for the findings.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。第三段中提到了科学家们找了100个学生做实验的过程及实验结果，由此可知，是为研究发现提供依据。故选D。
22．What can we infer from the passage?
A．200 new participants took a 10question maths test.
B．50 business students scored higher in the maths test with the presence of coffeelike scent than those without the scent of coffee.
C．150 new participants believed coffee have influenced their improved skills.
D．100 business students thought they would feel more alert in the presence of a coffee scent.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。由第三段可知，实验结果显示，在有咖啡味的房间考试的一组学生得分要明显高于在没有咖啡味的房间考试的另外一组学生。故选B。
23．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Scent of Coffee May Help One’s Maths Skills
B．The New Function of Coffee
C．The New Findings of Coffee Will Affect the World
D．Coffee is Very Healthy
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。由第二段第一句“A new study by researchers from Stevens Institute of Technology has revealed that the scent of coffee may help your maths skills.” 可知，文章提出了闻咖啡味能提高数学技能这一观点，下文则涉及对此观点的研究。故选A。
话题：社会 难度星级：☆☆
When a Canadian woman was hit by a train and badly injured in northern Italy，rescue services quickly went to her aid on the tracks.But as they treated the victim，a young man photographed the scene from the station platform in a selfie(自拍) that has caused widespread anger.Corriere della Sera said he appeared to be making a “V for victory” sign with one hand while taking the shot with the other.
Police caught the young selfietaker and forced him to delete his picture.The young man has been investigated(调查) and does not appear to have committed a crime.But the image of him pointing his mobile phone at the rescue scene has appeared on many front pages in Italy and it attracted incredulity to the investigation so that the public insisted that further investigations should be carried out.
Journalist Giorgio Lambri，who pictured this young selfietaker，complained “we have completely lost a sense of morality”．Besides，a commentary in La Stampa spoke of “a cancer that affects the Internet”．The young man who took the selfie was not bad，argued Antonella Boralevi.Instead，he had turned off his soul and his personality and become an “automaton(机械行事之人) of the Internet”．
What remains unclear is how the young woman was hit by a train in the first place.According to reports at the time，the control system for closing the train’s doors was faulty and the woman may have fallen out of the train while opening a door on the wrong side.However，there was also a suggestion that she may have been rushing to board the train as it was leaving the station.
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一名男子在救援现场自拍引发了公众的不满和批评。
24.What does the underlined word “incredulity” probably mean?
A．Suspicion. B．Resistance.
C．Attention. D．Sensitivity.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。从画线词前的“The young man has been investigated(调查) and does not appear to have committed a crime.”可知，那个男子已经被调查，而且似乎并没有犯过罪，再结合画线词后的“the public insisted that further investigations should be carried out”可知，男子的自拍行为引起了公众不满，公众要求对其进行进一步调查，故可推知公众应该是怀疑警方之前的调查结果，故画线词的含义与A项最为接近。
25．According to Antonella Boralevi，the man who took the selfie .
A．was a bad person
B．was not very moral
C．should be forgiven
D．did this automatically
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。从第三段中Antonella Boralevi所说的话“The young man who took the selfie was not bad...Instead，he had turned off his soul and his personality and become an ‘automaton(机械行事之人) of the Internet’．”可知，Antonella Boralevi认为拍照的那个男子本性不坏，只是因为受网络的影响变成了互联网上的机械行事之人，言外之意就是拍照男子过分沉溺于网络和自拍，遇到什么事都会不自觉拍照，故可知Antonella Boralevi认为拍照的男子是不由自主地拍照的。
26．What does the last paragraph focus on?
A．The failure of the train’s doors.
B．The process of the woman being hit.
C．The likely causes of the train accident.
D．The severity of the woman’s injuries.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。从最后一段的内容，尤其是“What remains unclear is how the young woman was hit by a train in the first place.”可知，本段主要在探究女子是如何被火车撞到的，即火车事故发生的可能原因。
Ⅳ.七选五
If you want to make a great first impression，you can take some basic steps：Smile，make eye contact，listen more than you talk，ask the other person questions.But how can you convince yourself that people will like you？ 27 .
•Give a sincere compliment.
Everyone loves to be praised， 28 .Show interest by asking questions.Ask what it’s like to do and what the person does.Ask what’s hard about it.Ask what the person loves about it.You’ll soon find things to compliment.
•Focus on letting people talk about themselves.
People love to talk about themselves.Research shows approximately 40 percent of everyday speech is spent telling other people what we think or feel.Research also shows that talking about ourselves， 29 ，leads to the same pleasure sensation in the brain as money or food.By listening to people talk about themselves，you’re seen as a great conversationalist even when you actually say very little.And in the process，you also make other people feel better about themselves，which makes them like you.
• 30 .
Think about the difference in these statements：“I had to go to a meeting.”“I got to meet with some great people.” No big deal，right？Wrong.We like to be around happy，enthusiastic，and motivated people.Keep in mind that choosing the right words also affects how you feel.Don’t say, “I have to go to the gym.” Say，“I want to go to the gym.”
•Show a little vulnerability(脆弱)．
Great friends are willing to be vulnerable. 31 .Admit your mistakes.Laugh at yourself.When you do，other people won’t laugh at you.They’ll laugh with you.And they’ll immediately like you，and want to be around you more.
A．Change one word
B．whether in life or on social media
C．especially since no one gets enough praise
D．basically，talking about our subjective experiences
E．Commit yourself to taking a few steps to make sure almost anyone will like you
F．Great teams are often led by people willing to admit weaknesses and failings
G．When you’re in an unfamiliar setting，it’s a lot easier to assume people won’t like you
27.答案 E
解析 该空应该是对空前“如何使自己确信人们会喜欢你呢”的回答，同时从结构分析，该空应引出下文的具体措施。E项的关键词为“taking a few steps”符合语境，因此选择E。
28．答案 C
解析 该段主题句的关键词是“compliment”(赞美)，其近义词为praise。因此，该空所在句的意思是：每个人都喜欢被赞美，尤其是因为每个人得到的赞美都不够。选择C。
29．答案 B
解析 该段的主题句为“着重让人们谈论他们自己”。该空所在句的意思是：研究还显示，无论是在生活中还是在社交网络上，谈论我们自己都会在大脑中产生一种愉悦感，这种感觉和金钱或食物产生的愉悦感相同。选择B。
30．答案 A
解析 该段要选择主题句。根据下文中的“choosing the right words also affects how you feel”和“Don’t say，‘I have to go to the gym.’ Say，‘I want to go to the gym.’”可知，本段主要讲的是“换一种说法”。选择A。
31．答案 F
解析 该段的主题句为“Show a little vulnerability(脆弱)”，空后的“Admit your mistakes”与选项F中的“admit weaknesses and failings”呼应。选择F。
Ⅴ.完形填空
A Gift on a Small Slip of Paper
Over the holidays last year，my team at work did a“Secret Santa” gift exchange.We all 32 a name out of a jar，and prepared our assigned person small fun 33 in two weeks.Then，we all met after work one day for a final “reveal” where we 34 our real gifts.
Usually，these kinds of gift exchanges feel a bit more 35 material things than I like to be， 36 I wanted to be a team 37 ，so I went along with it.It 38 up being fun to make secret 39 for some meaningful gifts to give my colleague.On the evening of our final giftgiving exchange，the person who had picked my name out of the jar totally blew me away with her 40 .She gave me a beautiful framed photo and a postcard that she’d been holding 41 since she was 5 years old.
Then，for the heart of her gift，she introduced，“I’ve 42 you’re not really that big into material things.And you also like to make people 43 .”
She proceeded to 44 everyone a small slip of paper that 45 ，“I made someone smile today.”
“So，I think we can all do a 46 act that makes someone smile.And 47 this activity can pass down and we can tell people around the story of it.”
I was so 48 ！It was truly the 49 gift，and I didn’t 50 know this colleague that well，but with her perceptive(有感知的) kindness，she really 51 my heart，and expanded it many times over.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位同事在“秘密的圣诞老人”礼物交换活动中，送给了“我”一份贴心的礼物，触动了“我”的心的故事。
32．A.covered B．picked
C．wrote D．expressed
答案 B
解析 根据第二段中的“the person who had picked my name out of the jar”可知，此处指“我们都从罐子里取出(picked)一个名字”。此处是后文中picked的原词复现。故选B。
33．A.gifts B．pictures
C．flowers D．notes
答案 A
解析 根据上文中的“my team at work did a ‘Secret Santa’ gift exchange”可知，“我们”要与其他人互相交换礼物(gifts)。故选A。
34．A.distributed B．produced
C．exchanged D．expected
答案 C
解析 根据上文中的“my team at work did a ‘Secret Santa’ gift exchange”及后文提到的同事给“我”准备的装在相框里的相片和明信片等提示可知，“我们”最后要交换(exchanged)真正的礼物。故选C。
35．A.tired with B．crazy about
C．faced with D．focused on
答案 D
解析 根据语境并结合生活常识可知，此处指“通常人们在这个活动中交换的礼物更注重物质上的东西”。(be) tired with对……感到疲惫；(be) crazy about对……着迷；(be) faced with面对，面临；(be) focused on关注，对……予以注意。故选D。
36．A.and B．because
C．but D．unless
答案 C
解析 根据空前的“material things than I like to be”以及空后的“I wanted to be a team ，so I went along with it”可知，此处表示转折关系，所以应用表示转折的连词，指“人们在这个活动中交换的礼物通常更注重于物质上的东西，而我并不是那么注重物质的人，但是我想成为一个具有团队精神的人，所以我参与了这个活动”。故选C。
37．A.leader B．owner
C．player D．learner
答案 C
解析 根据空后的“so I went along with it”可知，“我”想成为一个具有团队精神的人。team player具有团队精神的人，合作意识强的人。故选C。
38．A.ended B．brought
C．took D．picked
答案 A
解析 根据语境并结合上下文内容可知，此处指“给同事秘密准备一些有意义的礼物是以欢乐结束的”。end up以……结束；bring up抚养，呕吐，提出；take up占据；pick up拾起，接收(信号)。故选A。
39．A.promise B．decision
C．comment D．preparation
答案 D
解析 根据第一段中的“and prepared our assigned person small fun in two weeks”可知，此处指“秘密准备一些有意义的礼物”。promise承诺；decision决定；comment评论；preparation准备。故选D。
40．A.confidence B．honesty
C．optimism D．thoughtfulness
答案 D
解析 根据上下文内容尤其是“She gave me a beautiful framed photo and a postcard that she’d been holding since she was 5 years old.”可知，在注意到“我”并不是那么注重物质的人之后，从罐子里取出“我”名字的人送给“我”她从5岁就一直保存着的装在相框里的美丽相片和明信片。由此可知，她很体贴，为“我”准备礼物时一定深思熟虑过。故选D。
41．A.up B．onto
C．down D．with
答案 B
解析 根据空后的“since she was 5 years old”可知，同事给“我”的装在相框里的美丽相片和明信片是她从5岁时就一直保存着的。hold up支撑住，承受住；hold onto (长时间地)保存某物；hold down压住，限制；hold with同意，赞成。故选B。
42．A.praised B．pointed
C．accepted D．noticed
答案 D
解析 根据上文的“a bit more material things than I like to be”并结合语境可知，此处指“我注意到你并不是那么注重物质的人”。praise表扬；point指出；accept接受；notice注意到，留意到。故选D。
43．A.sick B．smile
C．agree D．surprised
答案 B
解析 根据第四段中的“I made someone smile today.”可知，此处是原词复现，指的是“你也想让人们微笑”。故选B。
44．A.hand B．pose
C．put D．spread
答案 A
解析 根据空后的“a small slip of paper...”可推知，此处指“她接着给每人递上了一张小纸条”。hand递上；pose摆姿势；put放；spread展开，伸开。故选A。
45．A.spoke B．wrote
C．read D．told
答案 C
解析 根据语境及空后的“I made someone smile today.”可知，此处指“纸条上写着”。read表示“(指示牌、信上等)写着”，符合此处语境。故选C。
46．A.big B．small
C．troublesome D．content
答案 B
解析 根据上文提到她给每个人都发了一张纸，上面写着“今天我让某人微笑了”可知，这位同事是在建议大家从小事做起，让别人感到快乐。故选B。
47．A.nevertheless B．besides
C．afterwards D．therefore
答案 C
解析 根据空前的“we can all do a act that makes someone smile”并结合语境可知，此处指“在这之后(afterwards)，这个活动还可以传承下去，我们还可以告诉周围的人它的故事”。故选C。
48．A.bored B．interested
C．relaxed D．surprised
答案 D
解析 根据下文中的“and I didn’t know this colleague that well”可知，“我”对于同事的做法感到惊讶。故选D。
49．A.cleanest B．sweetest
C．heaviest D．strangest
答案 B
解析 根据上文并结合语境可知，注意到“我”不是那么注重物质上的东西之后，同事精心为“我”准备了她珍藏多年的相片和明信片。由此可知，她的这份礼物是最令人愉快的。故选B。
50．A.even B．still
C．also D．yet
答案 A
解析 根据设空处所在句“I didn’t know this colleague that well，but with her perceptive(有感知的) kindness，she really my heart”可知，该句想要表达“我”甚至(even)不是很了解这个同事，但是她这种有感知力的善良触动了“我”的心。故选A。
51．A.touched B．laughed
C．cared D．left
答案 A
解析 根据上文“I was so ！It was truly the gift...but with her perceptive(有感知的) kindness”可知，此处指同事的礼物触动了“我”的心。故选A。
Ⅵ.语法填空
Will cash disappear from our neighborhoods？Not so fast.Cash will likely become less popular，thanks to the high cost of using cash and the 52. (grow) number of alternatives.The future will be “less cash”，rather than cashless.Cash is unique among payment instruments in that anyone can transact(交易)，any time，any place，with no third parties 53.
(involve)．With this freedom 54. (come) strong privacy protection.Currency neither knows nor cares who holds it or when and where a transaction occurs.People have 55. sense of security when they have cash with them.These entries will，of course，evolve as our societies become more 56. (digital) native.However，old habits and viewpoints will take a long time 57. (turn) over.Some 58. (merchant) will resist the costs of new equipment or fees that accompany cash alternatives.Cash 59. (consider) more convenient and universal，while with digital transactions there are always concerns about hacking and fraud(诈骗)．
So，no matter where we are in the world，let us celebrate the ATM’s halfcentury of service.Though cash may become less popular，you may rest assured that there will always be someone 60. will stop you in the street，asking for directions 61. the nearest ATM.
语篇解读 如今，由于使用现金的高成本和迅速增加的替代物的出现，现金交易可能变得不那么流行了。实际上，现金在支付手段中是独一无二的，因为任何人在任何时间、任何地点都能进行交易，而且没有第三方介入。因此，现金支付不可能完全消失。
52．答案 growing
解析 考查非谓语动词。设空前有定冠词the，其后为名词number，因此，设空处应作定语；number与grow之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此，应用现在分词作定语。故填growing。
53．答案 involved
解析 考查非谓语动词。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，involve和third parties构成逻辑上的被动关系，因此，应用过去分词作宾补。故填involved。
54．答案 comes
解析 考查动词的时态。设空句描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，且此句为倒装句，主语为strong privacy protection，故动词用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
55．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。句意为：当人们随身带着现金时，他们会有一种安全感。a sense of...为固定搭配，意为“……感”。故填a。
56．答案 digitally
解析 考查词性转换。设空处修饰形容词native，应用副词。故填digitally。
57．答案 to turn
解析 考查非谓语动词。take some time to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事需花费……时间”，故填to turn。
58．答案 merchants
解析 考查名词单复数。merchant商人，为可数名词，其前有Some修饰，应用复数形式。故填merchants。
59．答案 is considered
解析 考查动词的时态和语态。此处介绍一般情况，应用一般现在时，且consider和句子主语Cash之间为被动关系，因此应用被动语态。故填is considered。
60．答案 who
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是someone，指人，且在从句中作主语，故用who引导该从句。
61．答案 to
解析 考查介词。根据句意可知，设空处表示“向，朝，往(某个方向或某处)”，故填介词to。
Ⅶ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你所在校的英文报正在进行“外卖是否应该进校园”的征文活动。请你写一封信向你的英国朋友Steven约稿。内容包括：
1．就“外卖是否应该进校园”发表看法；
2．稿件长度：200词左右；
3．交稿日期：6月28日前。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Steven，
I’m writing to invite you to write an article for my school’s English newspaper.
Recently，some students are used to ordering takeout food at school.More often than not，food is delivered directly to their dormitories.Would you please write something relevant to whether students should order takeout food at school？Your article can have a title made up by yourself with a vocabulary of 200 words or so.Could I have your article before June 28?
Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours truly，
Li Hua
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