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2020版高考英语精准备考一轮新高考地区（鲁琼辽）专用版讲义：Book3Module1
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基础知识默写
1.across prep.横过；穿过→cross vt.横穿
2.face vt.面向；面对
3.situated adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的→situation n.地理位置；形势；情况→situate vt.使位于，使坐落于
4.symbol n.象征；符号→symbolic adj.作为象征的；象征性的
5.located adj.位于→locate vt.找出……的位置→location n.地方；位置
6.architect n.建筑师→architecture n.建筑学；建筑
7.project n.计划；项目；工程
8.birthplace n.发源地；出生地
9.ancient adj.古代的
10.opposite prep.在……对面 adj.对面的 n.反面
11.sign vt.签署；打手势 n.迹象；手势；指示牌→signature n.签名；署名
12.agreement n.协议；契约→agree vi.同意→disagree(反) vi.不同意→disagreement n.不一致；分歧
13.govern vt.统治；治理→government n.政府 →governor n.主管；州长
14.head n.领袖；领导人 vt.&vi.领头；前进
15.representative n.代表→represent v.代表
16.region n.地区；区域→regional adj.地区的；局部的
17.feature n.特点
18.boot n.长筒靴；皮靴
19.continental adj.大陆的；大洲的→continent n.大陆；大洲
20.range n.山脉；一系列 vi.(在一定的范围内)变化，变动
21.geographical adj.地理的→geography n.地理；地理学
22.landmark n.标志性建筑
23.gallery n.美术馆；画廊
24.sculpture n.雕刻；泥塑
25.civilisation n.文明
26.be situated on 坐落于……，位于……
27.work on从事(某项工作)
28.because of因为；由于
29.be known as作为……而出名/闻名
30.ever since自从……一直，从那时起
31.refer to提到；查阅；参考
32.in terms of就……而言；据……；依照……
33.on the other hand另一方面；反过来说
34.have control over对……加以控制
35.little by little一点点地；逐渐地
36.Between France and Spain is another mountain range—the Pyrenees.在法国和西班牙之间是另外一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。
37.Paris is the capital and largest city of France，situated on the River Seine.
巴黎是法国的首都和最大的城市，位于塞纳河边。
38.Their work has influenced other writers ever since.
从那以后，他们的作品影响了后世的作家。
39.Neither Amy nor Helen is English.
埃米和海伦都不是英国人。
40.The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people，twice as big as the population of the United States.
扩大后的欧盟有五亿多人口，为美国人口的两倍。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students，I mentioned that we were going to cross(穿过) a mountain stream.(2018·天津)
2.A code uses symbols(符号) to replace words，phrases，or sentences.(2016·全国Ⅰ)
3.Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project(项目) which calls for a clear road map(路线图) and timetable.(2018·江苏)
4.And a news report said the strawberries were grown，harvested and frozen in Qufu，the birthplace(出生地) of Confucius，in Shandong Province.
5.Be patient to the people who are the complete opposite(相反) of that description.(2016·浙江)
6.In 2005，when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town，the location(locate) was considered a poor area of town.(2018·江苏)
7.On every single move you have to analyze a situation(situate)，process what your opponent is doing and evaluate the best move from among all your options.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
8.The book explores the relationship between religion and civilization(civilize).
9.You will not be allowed to open your box unless the employee at the bank is certain that the signature(sign) is genuine.
10.The representatives(represent) at the meeting appealed to the public to have control over the teenagers’ mobile use.
11.Young upper middleclass people in London，have begun to adopt some regional(region) accents，in order to hide their class origins.
12.Prices are often higher in Hawaii than in the continental(continent) United States.
13.The government(govern) encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
14.The company’s productions(produce) show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre.
(2017·全国Ⅱ)
15.The architecture(architect) in the town centre is a successful combination of old and new.
16.Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement(agree) with the national soccer reform.
Ⅱ.选词成篇
1.In terms of education，Europe，offering diversity and rich culture,2.is known as the best choice.On one hand，many students made the decision 3.because of the favorable tuition fees.4.On the other hand，if you study and live in Europe，you need to be exposed to a diverse range of languages，food，entertainment and folk traditions.Whenever 5.referred to，Europe is one of the best destinations to enhance language skills and broaden your horizons.
6.Ever since the 1990s，the number of people studying in the Europe has been increasing 7.little by little.Because no matter what major you 8.work on，you will find a university that is suitable for you.Many universities offer unique courses，some are with unbelievable beauty，and some even 9.be situated on the seaside.Besides，in Europe，most students can travel easily both inside their host country and in other countries.And the Eurozone’s economic difficulties，which no one 10.has control over，naturally result in many students’ expanding their list of potential destinations—at least a 10 percent discount on travel.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.In front of the stadium stood many students holding flowers waiting for the arrival of the honored guest.(介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装句)
体育馆门前站着很多手拿鲜花的学生，他们在等待贵宾的到来。
2.Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.(过去分词短语作后置定语)(2017·北京)
吉姆已经退休了，但是他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的那些快乐时光。
3.He went to the library after breakfast and has been working on his essay there ever since.(ever since作时间状语)
他早饭后去了图书馆，从那时开始，他一直在那儿写他的论文。
4.Neither the children nor the mother likes this kind of music.(完全否定)
孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。
5.What is well known is that sound can travel about four times as fast through water as through air.(倍数＋as...as...)
众所周知，声音在水里的传播速度是在空气里的四倍。
1.“地理”词汇大集合
(1)continent n.大陆；大洲
(2)ocean n.海洋
(3)plateau n.高原
(4)island n.岛屿
(5)plain n.平原
2.七大洲
(1)Asia 亚洲
(2)Europe 欧洲
(3)Africa 非洲
(4)Antarctica 南极洲
(5)Oceania 大洋洲
(6)North America 北美洲
(7)South America 南美洲
3.“in＋n.＋of”短语荟萃
(1)in favor of 支持；赞同
(2)in memory of 为了纪念
(3)in honor of 为了纪念
(4)in view of 鉴于；由于
(5)in case of 以防，万一
(6)in need of 需要
(7)in search of 寻找
4.“by连接相同词”构成短语汇总
(1)little by little 逐渐地
(2)bit by bit 逐步地
(3)one by one 一个接一个地；依次地
(4)step by step 循序渐进
(5)day by day 一天天地
range n.种类；范围
v.排列；涉及
(1)a range of一系列……
beyond/out of one’s range超出某人的范围
in/within the range of在……范围之内
(2)range from A to B/between A and B 在A到B之间变化
(1)There is a range of mountains in my hometown.
在我的家乡有一处连绵不断的山脉。
(2)The subject is beyond/out of my range.
这个问题已超出了我的能力范围。
(3)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.
(2017·北京)
国家公园有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。
(1)be situated at/on/in...坐落于……
(2)situate v.使位于；使处于
(3)situation n.位置；处境；形势
in a...situation处于……境况
(1)Half an hour later，they reached the lighthouse situated(situate) on the mouth of the river.
(2)It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
(3)They are situated in(位于) the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.
易错点拨 作先行词的situation，如在从句中作状语，则要用where引导定语从句。
opposite n.对立的人(物)；反义词
adj.对面的；相反的
prep.与……相对；在……对面
on the opposite of在……对面
be opposite to与……相反
the opposite of ……的反义词
(1)Opposite is St.Paul’s Church，where you can hear some lovely music.对面是圣保罗大教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。
(2)There is a garden on the opposite (side) of the street.在街道的对面有一个花园。
(3)The result was quite opposite to what we had expected.结果和我们所期望的恰恰相反。
sign v.签署，签名；打手势
n.符号；标志；迹象，征兆；招牌，指示牌
(1)sign in签到；(在旅馆)登记住宿
sign out签退；签名登记离开
sign up for报名参加；登记注册
sign for/to sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事
(2)signature n.签名
[写出下列句子中sign的汉语意思]
(1)The sign says “No Parking”.指示牌
(2)Very often dark clouds are a sign of rain.迹象，征兆
(3)All the guests must sign in on arrival.签到
[完成句子]
(4)The guard signed to/for me to stop for a moment.
门卫示意我停一下。
(5)There is no sign that the economy is on the upturn.
没有任何迹象表明经济会好转。
(1)arrive at/come to/reach an agreement达成协议；取得一致意见
in agreement with符合；按照；和……一致
by agreement同意；依约
(2)agree v.同意；一致；适合
agree with同意；与……一致；适合
agree to同意
agree on就……达成一致意见
[写出下列句子中agree with的汉语意思]
(1)She asked me whether I agreed with her.同意；赞同
(2)The food does not agree with me.适合
(3)Your account of the affair does not agree with mine.和……一致
[单句语法填空]
(4)So far no agreement has been reached(reach) in the business talk as neither side would accept the conditions of the other.
[完成句子]
(5)What you say must be in agreement with(和……一致) what you do.
易错点拨 agree with表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等，即持同一观点；agree to表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等，另一方同意协作，有时也可表示“答应”一件自己不愿做的事。
[根据语境用because，because of填空]
(1)Our flight was delayed because the weather was bad.
(2)However，these plans were abandoned because of financial problems.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
(3)He was praised because of what he had done.
易错点拨 because与because of虽然都表示“因为，由于”，但用法有区别：because为连词，引导原因状语从句；because of为介词短语，后接名词、代词或what引导的名词性从句。
[联想拓展] 表“原因”的其他介词短语还有：
as a result of，owing to，due to，thanks to，on account of等。
in the long/short term从长远/短期来看
in one’s terms在某人看来；根据某人的观点
be on good/bad terms with与……关系好/坏
come to terms with达成协议；和好；接受
(1)In the short term(从短期来看)，the medicine may not be very effective.
(2)It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of(从……角度) overall quality.
(3)[同义句改写] He gets along well with his classmates.
→He is on good terms with his classmates.
(1)on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面……另一方面……
(2)for one thing...for another...一则……二则……
(1)On the one hand I want to sell the house，but on the other hand，I can’t bear the thought of moving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面一想到搬家我就受不了。
(2)I won’t go.For one thing，I have seen the film；for another，I have an important meeting to attend tonight.我不去。一则我已经看过这部电影了；二则今晚我有一个重要会议要参加。
易错点拨 on the one hand...on the other hand...常用于表达相矛盾的两方面；for one thing...for another...陈述的两方面情况常常一致。
Neither Amy nor Helen is English.
埃米和海伦都不是英国人。
neither...nor...既不……也不……，常用来连接两个平行结构。若连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。
有类似用法的还有：either...or...，not only...but also...，not...but...，...or...，there be句型等。
(1)Neither the current TV shows nor the fashion trend is familiar to her.
(2)Not only the quantity but also the quality is(be) what we should focus on.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Neither his parents nor he is(be) going to China next year.
2．I only learned how to sign(sign) the alphabet that day.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
3．They managed to agree on a date for the wedding.
4．Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.
5．He has a number of different interests，ranging(range) from stamp collecting to skating.
6．The method used(use) to solve the problem is very different.
7．Everyone needs a hand when faced(face) with challenges.
8．The graceful singer is regarded as a representative(represent) of the youth to deliver a speech.
9．After hours of talks the government and the union have reached an agreement.
10．One of the important features(feature) of Van Gogh’s painting is their bright colors.
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于校园)
1．上周，杰克，留学生小组的组长，代表他们的学校参观了一个由著名建筑师设计的美术馆。(v.ing作状语；v.ed作定语)
2．美术馆作为这个城市的标志性建筑而闻名，坐落于那个巨型雕塑的对面。(过去分词作状语)
3．这个美术馆是在二十年前建设的，并且从那以后成了最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。(现在完成时)
4．每年，由于其丰富的艺术收藏，参观的游客数量是当地人口的两倍，每位参观者都深受其影响。 (倍数＋as...as...)
5．不仅杰克的描述，而且他拍的照片，都给我们留下了持久的印象。(not only...but also...)
6．正如杰克所说，这次参观加深了他对古代艺术和文明的理解。
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
Last week，Jack，head of the exchange student group,11.representing their school,12.paid a visit to the gallery designed by a famous architect.13.It is known as the landmark of the city,14.situated just opposite the huge sculpture.It was built twenty years ago and 15.has been one of the most popular tourist attractions ever since.Annually，the number of visitors 16.is twice as many as the local population because of the rich art collections，which greatly influence the viewers.17.Not only Jack’s description but also the photographs he took，18.leave a lasting impression on us.As Jack put it，the visit 19.deepened his understanding of ancient art and civilisation.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：现代技术 难度星级：☆☆
(2019·浙江“超级全能生”联考)
With the clicking of walking sticks and determined steps，a long line of walking group along the winding road is a fantastic sight.Almost each of the walkers is using some kind of fitness tracker.A few Fitbits，some Xiaomi wrist bands(手环)，a couple of phone apps and some other pedometers(计步器)—and all，they say，are counting their steps.
Fitness trackers are in.Sales figures for 2016 released by Internet Data Center(IDC) indicated 25% market growth compared to the previous year，with Fitbit taking the lion’s share，followed by the brand Xiaomi.
However，the wearables market has had a rollercoaster ride in recent months.Jawbone，once a popular fitness tracker brand，announced that it is leaving the consumer market.Microsoft has removed its Fitness Band on its online store although it is still available on retail(零售) giant Amazon.Fitbit remains a key brand name at the heart of the fitness tracker revolution.But it is recently reported to be cutting down on workers，and its founder James Park said it experienced “softer than expected” sales recently.
Counting steps is probably the most common use of wearable devices(可穿戴设备)，but recently experts have questioned whether the golden goal of walking 10,000 steps a day is actually worthwhile，and a US study concluded that health trackers did not aid weight loss.
Analyst Ben Wood from CCS Insight used to wear a fitness tracker on either wrist.Now，however，his concern is about users’experience—these devices don’t tell you anything new after a while.There are also battery problems and many of the older and cheaper varieties aren’t waterproof(防水的)．
20．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “in” in Para.2?
A．Common. B．Wearable.
C．Worthwhile. D．Popular.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Sales figures for 2016 released by Internet Data Center(IDC) indicated 25% market growth compared to the previous year，with Fitbit taking the lion’s share，followed by the brand Xiaomi.”可知记步器的销售量大增，由此可知in表示“受欢迎的”。
21．What do we know about the fitness trackers from Para.3?
A．They still have many users.
B．Their sales are decreasing.
C．They sell well on Amazon.
D．Fitbit is leaving the market.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。通读第三段可知，记步器的销售量在减少。
22．How does the author sound about the future of fitness trackers in the last two paragraphs?
A．Pessimistic. B．Optimistic.
C．Hopeful. D．Sympathetic.
答案 A
解析 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知专家质疑，美国的一项研究表明记步器并不有助于减肥，再根据最后一段中的“these devices don’t tell you anything new after a while.There are also battery problems and many of the older and cheaper varieties aren’t waterproof(防水的)”可知，这些设备更新不及时，电池有问题，而且有的不防水。故作者对记步器的前景持悲观态度。
话题：学校生活 难度星级：☆
(2019·黑龙江双鸭山一中质检)
UK is becoming a popular destination for people who wish to study abroad.However，Britain is quite an expensive place to study and live in.Tuition fees have now reached ￡ 9,250 a year and students also face some of the highest living costs in the world.
Fortunately，there are a number of countries where universities offer degree programs entirely in English，along with the chance to learn the local language while you live there.Here are three of the options broken down in detail.
University of Amsterdam
The Dutch capital is not a cheap city to live in，but standard tuition fees of ￡ 1,800 a year make it significantly cheaper than a British degree.There are 14 bachelor’s degrees on offer that are taught in English，including Political Science，Economics & Business Economics and Actuarial Science.Nearly all Dutch people speak English，making it an easy country to get by in.
Tianjin University
Moving to China is not for the faint hearted.Undergraduate degree courses at Tianjin last four years.Living costs are only around ￡ 400 a month and tuition fees are ￡ 2,300 a year.Flights will cost ￡ 3,600 over the four years.The total cost，at ￡ 28,800，is still around half that of a threeyear degree in Britain.Tianjin is one of the world’s latest cities and is only a halfhour train ride from Beijing.Three undergraduate programs are offered in English：Chemical Engineering，Environment & Energy and Pharmaceutical Science.
University of Milan
The University of Milan’s fees range from ￡ 140 to ￡3,650 a year.The one bachelor’s degree offered entirely in EnglishPolitical Science is a threeyear course.While living costs in Milan are high，the significantly lower fees make it a cheaper option than a British university.
语篇解读 本文是一篇广告类阅读。在英国的学习费用和生活成本是世界上最高的，本文介绍了另外三所学生付得起费用的大学，这些大学也提供某些用英语授课的学位课程。
23．Where can you major in Political Science?
A．London and Tianjin.
B．Amsterdam and London.
C．Amsterdam and Milan.
D．Tianjin and Milan.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“There are 14 bachelor’s degrees on offer that are taught in English，including Political Science，Economics & Business Economics and Actuarial Science.”和最后一段第二句“The one bachelor’s degree offered entirely in EnglishPolitical Science is a threeyear course.”可知，阿姆斯特丹大学和米兰大学都设有政治学专业。故C项正确。
24．What is probably the total cost of a threeyear degree in Britain?
A．￡ 14,400. B．￡ 27,750.
C．￡ 57,600. D．￡ 28,800.
答案 C
解析 数字计算题。根据第四段第五句“The total cost，at ￡ 28,800，is still around half that of a threeyear degree in Britain.”可知，在天津大学四年的总费用是￡ 28,800，是在英国三年学习费用的一半。故在英国三年的学习费用是￡ 57,600。故C项正确。
25．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To introduce some affordable universities.
B．To encourage people to study abroad.
C．To advertise some degree programs.
D．To compare tuition fees and living costs.
答案 A
解析 写作目的题。根据文章第一段可知，在英国的学习费用和生活成本是世界上最高的，在第二段里提出另外三所可供选择的大学，这些大学也提供某些用英语授课的学位课程。所以本文是为了介绍一些学生付得起费用的大学。故A项正确。
话题：社会 难度星级：☆☆
Handwriting is quickly becoming a dying art.Few businesses can run nowadays without computers，giving keyboard shortcuts great importance.Elementary and high schools across the country now view typing courses as vital to their curricula.But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance in society?
Brainpower，according to science.Researchers from Princeton University and the University of California，Los Angeles conducted a series of studies to show the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes.Participants took notes on a lecture using one of the two methods and were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later.The results showed that both types of notetakers did well on the first test，but students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed.These participants were also more open to new ideas.Researchers said that the reason is likely that longhand notes were briefer，more organized，and better caught information from graphs and charts than typed notes.
Another problem with typing notes is the tendency to transcribe lecture notes word for word.While this can help in recalling(回忆起) facts shortterm，it takes the focus away from the main points of the lesson.Students who take handwritten notes need to quickly process the lesson and rewrite it in a way they can understand，giving them an advantage in remembering new concepts in the long term.
Computers aren’t going away anytime soon，but that doesn’t mean paper notebooks need to become abandoned.In fact，it’s best to start using them at an early age.Choosing a pen over a keyboard does wonders for your memory.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。在键盘运用如此广泛的今天，手写依旧彰显出自身的独特魅力和优势：更加简洁、更具条理、更扣要点、更提记忆。
26．Why is handwriting becoming a dying art?
A．It is not important any longer.
B．It is not a must for most people.
C．Courses don’t include it any more.
D．Typing has already taken the place of it.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，要是没有电脑，大多数公司都无法正常运行，这使得键盘快捷键的使用变得格外重要，而且小学、中学的教育也认为打字课程是必不可少的。由此可推知，手写对大多数人来说已不再是必需的。故选B。
27．What did the test prove?
A．Science is as powerful as the brain.
B．Notes are easy to forget as time goes on.
C．Handwriting has a further influence.
D．Typing involves more complicated thoughts.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第四句可知，短期(半小时)之内打字做笔记和手写做笔记并无明显差异，但随着时间的推移(一周后)，相比起来，手写做笔记者依然能够记得并理解讲座(所讲)的概念。由此可见，手写对人有着更深远的影响。故选C。
28．What does the underlined word “transcribe” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Record. B．Present.
C．Describe. D．Give.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段首句可知，打字做笔记带来的另一个问题是，做笔记者可能只是逐字逐句记录内容，却忽视了对要点的关注。故选A。record记录，记载。
29．What conclusion does the author draw from the text?
A．Lecturers prefer typing to handwriting.
B．Computers do wonders for memory.
C．The existence of typing is a matter of time.
D．It is wise to use a pen at an early age.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，虽然电脑不会一下子消失，但这并不意味着纸张笔记本会被废弃。事实上，幼年便开始手写做笔记是最好的选择。故选D。
Ⅳ.七选五
How to Develop Courage by Overcoming Daily Fears
At times，when it comes to courage，we tend to believe it only applies to rare and uncommon situations.Yet our ordinary lives can also be full of courage，even if we are not facing the end of a gun，a wild animal or a dangerous criminal.Courage doesn’t just mean doing heroic acts. 30 In fact，where there is fear on a daily basis，there are opportunities for you to show your courage.Here are some suggestions to develop courage by overcoming daily fears.
Recognizing your fears.
By realizing that you’re fearful，you are more likely to get to the bottom of what your fear is. 31 You might come to understand that you’re afraid of failing or taking chances.You may be fearful simply because you don’t have confidence in yourself.The key is not to dwell on your fear，but rather to understand what it is that you’re worried about.
Ask yourself what is the worst that can happen.
If you hesitate to take action，ask yourself this：what’s the worst that can happen？Then prepare to accept it.Then go on to improve on the worst.Is failure the worst thing that can happen？No，absolutely not. 32 Doing nothing is actually the worst thing that can happen.When you take no action，you are assured of getting nowhere.
Take action.
33 You cannot think courage comes just in one day.You need to act to overcome your fear.Your action may put you into discomfort，but you have to just do it.And your action can prevent you from being stuck.
34
To build up your confidence，you need to do the same thing over and over again.Soon you will discover that less courage is needed because you have already gained mastery.You are able to move decisively forward.
A．Share your fears with others.
B．Practice，practice and practice.
C．So you are already in a comfort zone.
D．Courage comes from taking action.
E．Each undesired result is just one more step towards your goal.
F．Finding out what is truly holding you back.
G．You needn’t wait for an emergency to occur to develop courage.
30．答案 G
解析 根据前文的描述，每天的生活中都可以充满勇气，它并不仅仅是面对危险时做出的英雄行为。故此处衔接为不需要等到紧急情况，故选G。
31．答案 F
解析 根据前一句的描述：你就更有可能去弄清楚自己到底在害怕什么，因此紧接着描述的就应该是查明是什么在阻碍着你。故答案为F。
32．答案 E
解析 前一句说失败不是最坏的事情。而E项：每一个不尽如人意的结果其实是你又向目标靠近了一步。是对上一句进一步的诠释。故选E。
33．答案 D
解析 本段主旨为采取行动。而下一句又说到你不能光想着勇气在一天之内就来了。故D项：勇气来自于行动。承上启下，符合语境。
34．答案 B
解析 根据下文中“you need to do the same thing over and over again”可知是要你不断重复地去训练，练习。故答案为B。
Ⅴ.完形填空
(2018·广东一模)
I am not a class president or a homecoming queen.However，I hope to believe that I may still be 35 for the smiles.I may have entered high school 36 ，but I am leaving high school a strong，confident，and determined young lady.
I am a(n) 37 who spends too much time thinking about the future and not 38 time thinking about today.I am a perfectionist who spends too much time worrying about the 39 and not enough time looking at the big picture.I am a writer who makes 40 flow more smoothly through her pen than through her voice.I am a bookworm who gets too 41 to fictional characters.
In addition to my 42 as a person，I have taken many of the AP classes that my school offers，specialized in the science and healthrelated classes，and have 43 my hardest in all I have done.However，it in no way 44 me from the thousands of extraordinarily talented applicants that I am being 45 to.What I hope sets me apart is that，in high school，not only did I concentrate on becoming an 46 individual，but I also have tried to grow to be a well 47 person in all areas of my life.
When 48 the past four years of high school，I am equally 49 and shocked by my growth as an individual.And now，as this chapter of my life comes to a(n) 50 ，I can’t help but look forward to and be excited by the new challenges and adventures that 51 has to offer me.These 52 experiences in the college will continue my individual development and further my love of 53 .This next step in my life is one that I am 54 for and excited to take.
语篇解读 作者在高中即将毕业之际，回忆了自己的高中生活。从初到高中时的默默无闻，到通过自己的努力成长为自信坚强的全方位发展的女孩。如今大学生活即将开始，作者已经准备好迎接新的挑战。
35．A.challenged B．thanked
C．informed D．appreciated
答案 D
解析 challenge挑战；thank感谢；inform通知；appreciate欣赏。根据语境可知，“我”既不是班长，也不是返校日皇后，可是仍然希望自己的微笑得到别人的欣赏。故选D项。
36．A.quickly B．quietly
C．carefully D．patiently
答案 B
解析 quickly快速地；quietly安静地；carefully认真地；patiently耐心地。根据表转折的but及下文内容可知，此处与“高中毕业时我会成为一位坚强、自信、坚定的女士”的意义相反，由此推知，“我”当初进入高中时，可能默默无闻(没有值得炫耀的地方)。故选B项。
37．A.teacher B．reporter
C．dreamer D．organizer
答案 C
解析 根据设空后的“who spends too much time thinking about the future”可知，“我”是一个梦想家。故选C项。
38．A.previous B．adequate
C．specific D．proper
答案 B
解析 previous之前的；adequate足够的；specific特定的；proper适当的。根据语境可知，此处表示“我”花了太多的时间幻想未来，反倒没有足够的时间考虑现在。故选B项。
39．A.details B．goals
C．comments D．methods
答案 A
解析 detail细节；goal目标；comment评论；method方法。根据设空后的“not enough time looking at the big picture(没有足够的时间关注大局)”可知，此处应该与“大局”形成对比，即“细节”。故选A项。
40．A.hopes B．liquid
C．words D．difficulty
答案 C
解析 hope希望；liquid液体；word文字；difficulty困难。根据设空前的“I am a writer”可知，此处应该是“让文字从笔端流淌出来”。故选C项。
41．A.similar B．close
C．accustomed D．attached
答案 D
解析 be attached to sb./sth.喜欢/依恋某人/某物。根据设空前的“I am a bookworm”可知，“我”着迷于小说虚拟的人物。故选D项。
42．A.growth B．responsibility
C．request D．figure
答案 A
解析 growth成长；responsibility责任；request请求，要求；figure数据，人物。根据第四段第一句中的“I am equally and shocked by my growth as an individual”可知，此处表示“除了‘我’个人的成长”。故选A项。
43．A.checked B．measured
C．used D．tried
答案 D
解析 check检查；measure测量，衡量；use使用；try尝试，努力。此处是指凡事“我”必定竭尽全力。try one’s hardest (to do sth.)尽最大努力(做某事)。故选D项。
44．A.prevents B．concludes
C．separates D．protects
答案 C
解析 prevent阻止；conclude得出结论；separate分开；protect保护。根据下一句的“What I hope sets me apart”可知，此处表示“然而，这还不足以把我和众多我要与之比较的、禀赋过人的申请者区分开来”。separate...from...把……与……区分开，故选C项。
45．A.referred B．compared
C．changed D．connected
答案 B
解析 refer to参考，提到；compare to与……比较；change to变为；connect to与……连接。根据“thousands of extraordinarily talented applicants”可知，“我”与其他申请者之间为竞争关系，所以存在对比。故选B项。
46．A.interested B．important
C．energetic D．educated
答案 D
解析 interested感兴趣的；important重要的；energetic精力充沛的；educated有教养的。根据前文以及常识可知，“我”参加了很多课程，并竭尽全力学习，所以此处应该是指在学校成为一个受过教育的有教养的人。故选D项。
47．A.understood B．impressed
C．rounded D．preserved
答案 C
解析 well rounded全面发展的；根据设空后的“in all areas of my life”可知，此处应该是表达“一个在各个领域全面发展的人”。故选C项。
48．A.using up B．looking back on
C．looking down on D．taking down
答案 B
解析 use up用完；look back on回顾；look down on轻视，看不起；take down记下，拿下。根据空后“the past four years of high school”可知，作者是回首过去四年的高中生活。故选B项。
49．A.relaxed B．embarrassed
C．pleased D．annoyed
答案 C
解析 relaxed放松的；embarrassed尴尬的；pleased欣慰的；annoyed生气的。根据设空后的“shocked by my growth as an individual”可知，作者对自己高中时期的成长感到欣慰和震惊。故选C项。
50．A.end B．term
C．idea D．result
答案 A
解析 根据“the past four years of high school”“new challenges and adventures”可知，高中这一生命的篇章结束了。come to an end结束，故选A项。
51．A.status B．work
C．family D．college
答案 D
解析 根据后文的“in the college”可知，“我”盼望着大学即将带给自己的挑战和冒险。故选D项。
52．A.new B．same
C．usual D．complex
答案 A
解析 根据语境及上句中的“the new challenges and adventures”可知，此处指“新的经历”。故选A项。
53．A.acting B．learning
C．judging D．choosing
答案 B
解析 学校是学习的场所，所以是提高“我”对学习的热爱。故选B项。
54．A.ready B．famous
C．anxious D．grateful
答案 A
解析 ready准备好的；famous著名的；anxious焦虑的；grateful感激的。根据语境可知，“我”已准备好迎接生命的下一阶段。故选A项。
Ⅵ.语法填空
(2018·湖北重点中学联考二)
Have you ever been to London？Which famous sites did you visit？Or，if you haven’t been to，which ones would you check out if you 55. (get) the chance?
Some world famous 56. (culture) sites may already be on your list：Buckingham Palace，Big Ben and the London Tower.However，a tour of London would be incomplete 57. checking out the London art scene.As guidebook London’s Secrets：Museums & Galleries puts it，London’s art is a lot like 58. city itself—“diverse，vast，and in a constant state of flux.” From old masters to street art and everything in between，London has it all.
In fact，according to The Telegraph，museums and galleries were the most 59. (visit) attractions in Britain last year.The British Museum,60. celebrated its 225th anniversary this year，had the most visitors，at 6,701,036.
According to The Art Newspaper，the British Museum’s increased 61. (popular) is down to its exhibitions，particularly its Life and Death in Pompeii and Herculaneum show.
There are more than 7 million artifacts in the British Museum.Not all of 62. are on display，but much of the collection constantly rotates，so you’ll see something new with each visit.So,63. you’re an art lover or just looking for a fun time，you’re sure 64.
(find) inspiration in London.
语篇解读 本文介绍了去伦敦旅游不仅要游玩著名的景点，更重要的是要欣赏伦敦的艺术景点，比如博物馆和画廊等。
55．答案 got/were to get
解析 考查虚拟语气。根据主句中的would可知，该条件状语从句应是对现在或将来的虚拟。故填got/were to get。
56．答案 cultural
解析 考查词性转换。修饰后面的名词sites应用形容词，故填cultural，意为“文化(上)的，和文化有关的”。
57．答案 without
解析 考查介词。根据However可知，作者认为只参观前面提到的著名景点是不够的，所以此处应用一个表示否定的介词。故填without。
58．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。根据本段最后一句中的“London has it all”(伦敦有所有这样的特点)可知，此处是说伦敦的艺术和伦敦这座城市有很多相似之处，所以用表示特指的定冠词。故填the。
59．答案 visited
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处作定语修饰attractions，并且attractions和visit之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故填visited。
60．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。此处是对非限制性定语从句引导词的考查，指代表示物的先行词The British Museum，且在定语从句中作主语。故填which。
61．答案 popularity
解析 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此空是句子的主语，所以应用名词。故填popularity。
62．答案 them
解析 考查代词。根据上下句联系可知，此处应用代词指代上一句的more than 7 million artifacts，介词of后面要用宾格。故填them。
63．答案 whether
解析 考查连词。句意为：所以，无论你是艺术爱好者还是仅仅为了寻找乐趣，在伦敦你一定会发现灵感的。根据后面的or可知，该空应填引导让步状语从句的whether。
64．答案 to find
解析 考查非谓语动词。be sure to do一定会做，为固定搭配。故填to find。
Ⅶ.应用文写作
(2019·浙江“五校联考”第一次考试)
假如你是李华，你的好友Tom想约你明晚和他的家人共进晚餐，但你因故不能应约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：
1．表示歉意；
2．解释原因；
3．弥补方法。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom，
Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear Tom，
Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.Unfortunately，it is much to my regret that I cannot join you and your family，because I will be fully occupied then for an important exam coming the day after tomorrow.I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of such a happy gettogether，and I hope that all of you enjoy a good time.Is it possible for you and me to have a private meeting afterward? If so，please don’t hesitate to drop me a line about your preferable date.I do long for a pleasant chat with you.
Please allow me to say sorry again.
Yours，
Li Hua
基础知识默写
1.across prep.横过；穿过→cross vt.横穿
2.face vt.面向；面对
3.situated adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的→situation n.地理位置；形势；情况→situate vt.使位于，使坐落于
4.symbol n.象征；符号→symbolic adj.作为象征的；象征性的
5.located adj.位于→locate vt.找出……的位置→location n.地方；位置
6.architect n.建筑师→architecture n.建筑学；建筑
7.project n.计划；项目；工程
8.birthplace n.发源地；出生地
9.ancient adj.古代的
10.opposite prep.在……对面 adj.对面的 n.反面
11.sign vt.签署；打手势 n.迹象；手势；指示牌→signature n.签名；署名
12.agreement n.协议；契约→agree vi.同意→disagree(反) vi.不同意→disagreement n.不一致；分歧
13.govern vt.统治；治理→government n.政府 →governor n.主管；州长
14.head n.领袖；领导人 vt.&vi.领头；前进
15.representative n.代表→represent v.代表
16.region n.地区；区域→regional adj.地区的；局部的
17.feature n.特点
18.boot n.长筒靴；皮靴
19.continental adj.大陆的；大洲的→continent n.大陆；大洲
20.range n.山脉；一系列 vi.(在一定的范围内)变化，变动
21.geographical adj.地理的→geography n.地理；地理学
22.landmark n.标志性建筑
23.gallery n.美术馆；画廊
24.sculpture n.雕刻；泥塑
25.civilisation n.文明
26.be situated on 坐落于……，位于……
27.work on从事(某项工作)
28.because of因为；由于
29.be known as作为……而出名/闻名
30.ever since自从……一直，从那时起
31.refer to提到；查阅；参考
32.in terms of就……而言；据……；依照……
33.on the other hand另一方面；反过来说
34.have control over对……加以控制
35.little by little一点点地；逐渐地
36.Between France and Spain is another mountain range—the Pyrenees.在法国和西班牙之间是另外一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。
37.Paris is the capital and largest city of France，situated on the River Seine.
巴黎是法国的首都和最大的城市，位于塞纳河边。
38.Their work has influenced other writers ever since.
从那以后，他们的作品影响了后世的作家。
39.Neither Amy nor Helen is English.
埃米和海伦都不是英国人。
40.The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people，twice as big as the population of the United States.
扩大后的欧盟有五亿多人口，为美国人口的两倍。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students，I mentioned that we were going to cross(穿过) a mountain stream.(2018·天津)
2.A code uses symbols(符号) to replace words，phrases，or sentences.(2016·全国Ⅰ)
3.Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project(项目) which calls for a clear road map(路线图) and timetable.(2018·江苏)
4.And a news report said the strawberries were grown，harvested and frozen in Qufu，the birthplace(出生地) of Confucius，in Shandong Province.
5.Be patient to the people who are the complete opposite(相反) of that description.(2016·浙江)
6.In 2005，when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town，the location(locate) was considered a poor area of town.(2018·江苏)
7.On every single move you have to analyze a situation(situate)，process what your opponent is doing and evaluate the best move from among all your options.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
8.The book explores the relationship between religion and civilization(civilize).
9.You will not be allowed to open your box unless the employee at the bank is certain that the signature(sign) is genuine.
10.The representatives(represent) at the meeting appealed to the public to have control over the teenagers’ mobile use.
11.Young upper middleclass people in London，have begun to adopt some regional(region) accents，in order to hide their class origins.
12.Prices are often higher in Hawaii than in the continental(continent) United States.
13.The government(govern) encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
14.The company’s productions(produce) show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre.
(2017·全国Ⅱ)
15.The architecture(architect) in the town centre is a successful combination of old and new.
16.Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement(agree) with the national soccer reform.
Ⅱ.选词成篇
1.In terms of education，Europe，offering diversity and rich culture,2.is known as the best choice.On one hand，many students made the decision 3.because of the favorable tuition fees.4.On the other hand，if you study and live in Europe，you need to be exposed to a diverse range of languages，food，entertainment and folk traditions.Whenever 5.referred to，Europe is one of the best destinations to enhance language skills and broaden your horizons.
6.Ever since the 1990s，the number of people studying in the Europe has been increasing 7.little by little.Because no matter what major you 8.work on，you will find a university that is suitable for you.Many universities offer unique courses，some are with unbelievable beauty，and some even 9.be situated on the seaside.Besides，in Europe，most students can travel easily both inside their host country and in other countries.And the Eurozone’s economic difficulties，which no one 10.has control over，naturally result in many students’ expanding their list of potential destinations—at least a 10 percent discount on travel.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.In front of the stadium stood many students holding flowers waiting for the arrival of the honored guest.(介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装句)
体育馆门前站着很多手拿鲜花的学生，他们在等待贵宾的到来。
2.Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.(过去分词短语作后置定语)(2017·北京)
吉姆已经退休了，但是他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的那些快乐时光。
3.He went to the library after breakfast and has been working on his essay there ever since.(ever since作时间状语)
他早饭后去了图书馆，从那时开始，他一直在那儿写他的论文。
4.Neither the children nor the mother likes this kind of music.(完全否定)
孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。
5.What is well known is that sound can travel about four times as fast through water as through air.(倍数＋as...as...)
众所周知，声音在水里的传播速度是在空气里的四倍。
1.“地理”词汇大集合
(1)continent n.大陆；大洲
(2)ocean n.海洋
(3)plateau n.高原
(4)island n.岛屿
(5)plain n.平原
2.七大洲
(1)Asia 亚洲
(2)Europe 欧洲
(3)Africa 非洲
(4)Antarctica 南极洲
(5)Oceania 大洋洲
(6)North America 北美洲
(7)South America 南美洲
3.“in＋n.＋of”短语荟萃
(1)in favor of 支持；赞同
(2)in memory of 为了纪念
(3)in honor of 为了纪念
(4)in view of 鉴于；由于
(5)in case of 以防，万一
(6)in need of 需要
(7)in search of 寻找
4.“by连接相同词”构成短语汇总
(1)little by little 逐渐地
(2)bit by bit 逐步地
(3)one by one 一个接一个地；依次地
(4)step by step 循序渐进
(5)day by day 一天天地
range n.种类；范围
v.排列；涉及
(1)a range of一系列……
beyond/out of one’s range超出某人的范围
in/within the range of在……范围之内
(2)range from A to B/between A and B 在A到B之间变化
(1)There is a range of mountains in my hometown.
在我的家乡有一处连绵不断的山脉。
(2)The subject is beyond/out of my range.
这个问题已超出了我的能力范围。
(3)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.
(2017·北京)
国家公园有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。
(1)be situated at/on/in...坐落于……
(2)situate v.使位于；使处于
(3)situation n.位置；处境；形势
in a...situation处于……境况
(1)Half an hour later，they reached the lighthouse situated(situate) on the mouth of the river.
(2)It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
(3)They are situated in(位于) the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.
易错点拨 作先行词的situation，如在从句中作状语，则要用where引导定语从句。
opposite n.对立的人(物)；反义词
adj.对面的；相反的
prep.与……相对；在……对面
on the opposite of在……对面
be opposite to与……相反
the opposite of ……的反义词
(1)Opposite is St.Paul’s Church，where you can hear some lovely music.对面是圣保罗大教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。
(2)There is a garden on the opposite (side) of the street.在街道的对面有一个花园。
(3)The result was quite opposite to what we had expected.结果和我们所期望的恰恰相反。
sign v.签署，签名；打手势
n.符号；标志；迹象，征兆；招牌，指示牌
(1)sign in签到；(在旅馆)登记住宿
sign out签退；签名登记离开
sign up for报名参加；登记注册
sign for/to sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事
(2)signature n.签名
[写出下列句子中sign的汉语意思]
(1)The sign says “No Parking”.指示牌
(2)Very often dark clouds are a sign of rain.迹象，征兆
(3)All the guests must sign in on arrival.签到
[完成句子]
(4)The guard signed to/for me to stop for a moment.
门卫示意我停一下。
(5)There is no sign that the economy is on the upturn.
没有任何迹象表明经济会好转。
(1)arrive at/come to/reach an agreement达成协议；取得一致意见
in agreement with符合；按照；和……一致
by agreement同意；依约
(2)agree v.同意；一致；适合
agree with同意；与……一致；适合
agree to同意
agree on就……达成一致意见
[写出下列句子中agree with的汉语意思]
(1)She asked me whether I agreed with her.同意；赞同
(2)The food does not agree with me.适合
(3)Your account of the affair does not agree with mine.和……一致
[单句语法填空]
(4)So far no agreement has been reached(reach) in the business talk as neither side would accept the conditions of the other.
[完成句子]
(5)What you say must be in agreement with(和……一致) what you do.
易错点拨 agree with表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等，即持同一观点；agree to表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等，另一方同意协作，有时也可表示“答应”一件自己不愿做的事。
[根据语境用because，because of填空]
(1)Our flight was delayed because the weather was bad.
(2)However，these plans were abandoned because of financial problems.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
(3)He was praised because of what he had done.
易错点拨 because与because of虽然都表示“因为，由于”，但用法有区别：because为连词，引导原因状语从句；because of为介词短语，后接名词、代词或what引导的名词性从句。
[联想拓展] 表“原因”的其他介词短语还有：
as a result of，owing to，due to，thanks to，on account of等。
in the long/short term从长远/短期来看
in one’s terms在某人看来；根据某人的观点
be on good/bad terms with与……关系好/坏
come to terms with达成协议；和好；接受
(1)In the short term(从短期来看)，the medicine may not be very effective.
(2)It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of(从……角度) overall quality.
(3)[同义句改写] He gets along well with his classmates.
→He is on good terms with his classmates.
(1)on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面……另一方面……
(2)for one thing...for another...一则……二则……
(1)On the one hand I want to sell the house，but on the other hand，I can’t bear the thought of moving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面一想到搬家我就受不了。
(2)I won’t go.For one thing，I have seen the film；for another，I have an important meeting to attend tonight.我不去。一则我已经看过这部电影了；二则今晚我有一个重要会议要参加。
易错点拨 on the one hand...on the other hand...常用于表达相矛盾的两方面；for one thing...for another...陈述的两方面情况常常一致。
Neither Amy nor Helen is English.
埃米和海伦都不是英国人。
neither...nor...既不……也不……，常用来连接两个平行结构。若连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。
有类似用法的还有：either...or...，not only...but also...，not...but...，...or...，there be句型等。
(1)Neither the current TV shows nor the fashion trend is familiar to her.
(2)Not only the quantity but also the quality is(be) what we should focus on.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Neither his parents nor he is(be) going to China next year.
2．I only learned how to sign(sign) the alphabet that day.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
3．They managed to agree on a date for the wedding.
4．Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.
5．He has a number of different interests，ranging(range) from stamp collecting to skating.
6．The method used(use) to solve the problem is very different.
7．Everyone needs a hand when faced(face) with challenges.
8．The graceful singer is regarded as a representative(represent) of the youth to deliver a speech.
9．After hours of talks the government and the union have reached an agreement.
10．One of the important features(feature) of Van Gogh’s painting is their bright colors.
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于校园)
1．上周，杰克，留学生小组的组长，代表他们的学校参观了一个由著名建筑师设计的美术馆。(v.ing作状语；v.ed作定语)
2．美术馆作为这个城市的标志性建筑而闻名，坐落于那个巨型雕塑的对面。(过去分词作状语)
3．这个美术馆是在二十年前建设的，并且从那以后成了最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。(现在完成时)
4．每年，由于其丰富的艺术收藏，参观的游客数量是当地人口的两倍，每位参观者都深受其影响。 (倍数＋as...as...)
5．不仅杰克的描述，而且他拍的照片，都给我们留下了持久的印象。(not only...but also...)
6．正如杰克所说，这次参观加深了他对古代艺术和文明的理解。
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
Last week，Jack，head of the exchange student group,11.representing their school,12.paid a visit to the gallery designed by a famous architect.13.It is known as the landmark of the city,14.situated just opposite the huge sculpture.It was built twenty years ago and 15.has been one of the most popular tourist attractions ever since.Annually，the number of visitors 16.is twice as many as the local population because of the rich art collections，which greatly influence the viewers.17.Not only Jack’s description but also the photographs he took，18.leave a lasting impression on us.As Jack put it，the visit 19.deepened his understanding of ancient art and civilisation.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：现代技术 难度星级：☆☆
(2019·浙江“超级全能生”联考)
With the clicking of walking sticks and determined steps，a long line of walking group along the winding road is a fantastic sight.Almost each of the walkers is using some kind of fitness tracker.A few Fitbits，some Xiaomi wrist bands(手环)，a couple of phone apps and some other pedometers(计步器)—and all，they say，are counting their steps.
Fitness trackers are in.Sales figures for 2016 released by Internet Data Center(IDC) indicated 25% market growth compared to the previous year，with Fitbit taking the lion’s share，followed by the brand Xiaomi.
However，the wearables market has had a rollercoaster ride in recent months.Jawbone，once a popular fitness tracker brand，announced that it is leaving the consumer market.Microsoft has removed its Fitness Band on its online store although it is still available on retail(零售) giant Amazon.Fitbit remains a key brand name at the heart of the fitness tracker revolution.But it is recently reported to be cutting down on workers，and its founder James Park said it experienced “softer than expected” sales recently.
Counting steps is probably the most common use of wearable devices(可穿戴设备)，but recently experts have questioned whether the golden goal of walking 10,000 steps a day is actually worthwhile，and a US study concluded that health trackers did not aid weight loss.
Analyst Ben Wood from CCS Insight used to wear a fitness tracker on either wrist.Now，however，his concern is about users’experience—these devices don’t tell you anything new after a while.There are also battery problems and many of the older and cheaper varieties aren’t waterproof(防水的)．
20．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “in” in Para.2?
A．Common. B．Wearable.
C．Worthwhile. D．Popular.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Sales figures for 2016 released by Internet Data Center(IDC) indicated 25% market growth compared to the previous year，with Fitbit taking the lion’s share，followed by the brand Xiaomi.”可知记步器的销售量大增，由此可知in表示“受欢迎的”。
21．What do we know about the fitness trackers from Para.3?
A．They still have many users.
B．Their sales are decreasing.
C．They sell well on Amazon.
D．Fitbit is leaving the market.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。通读第三段可知，记步器的销售量在减少。
22．How does the author sound about the future of fitness trackers in the last two paragraphs?
A．Pessimistic. B．Optimistic.
C．Hopeful. D．Sympathetic.
答案 A
解析 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知专家质疑，美国的一项研究表明记步器并不有助于减肥，再根据最后一段中的“these devices don’t tell you anything new after a while.There are also battery problems and many of the older and cheaper varieties aren’t waterproof(防水的)”可知，这些设备更新不及时，电池有问题，而且有的不防水。故作者对记步器的前景持悲观态度。
话题：学校生活 难度星级：☆
(2019·黑龙江双鸭山一中质检)
UK is becoming a popular destination for people who wish to study abroad.However，Britain is quite an expensive place to study and live in.Tuition fees have now reached ￡ 9,250 a year and students also face some of the highest living costs in the world.
Fortunately，there are a number of countries where universities offer degree programs entirely in English，along with the chance to learn the local language while you live there.Here are three of the options broken down in detail.
University of Amsterdam
The Dutch capital is not a cheap city to live in，but standard tuition fees of ￡ 1,800 a year make it significantly cheaper than a British degree.There are 14 bachelor’s degrees on offer that are taught in English，including Political Science，Economics & Business Economics and Actuarial Science.Nearly all Dutch people speak English，making it an easy country to get by in.
Tianjin University
Moving to China is not for the faint hearted.Undergraduate degree courses at Tianjin last four years.Living costs are only around ￡ 400 a month and tuition fees are ￡ 2,300 a year.Flights will cost ￡ 3,600 over the four years.The total cost，at ￡ 28,800，is still around half that of a threeyear degree in Britain.Tianjin is one of the world’s latest cities and is only a halfhour train ride from Beijing.Three undergraduate programs are offered in English：Chemical Engineering，Environment & Energy and Pharmaceutical Science.
University of Milan
The University of Milan’s fees range from ￡ 140 to ￡3,650 a year.The one bachelor’s degree offered entirely in EnglishPolitical Science is a threeyear course.While living costs in Milan are high，the significantly lower fees make it a cheaper option than a British university.
语篇解读 本文是一篇广告类阅读。在英国的学习费用和生活成本是世界上最高的，本文介绍了另外三所学生付得起费用的大学，这些大学也提供某些用英语授课的学位课程。
23．Where can you major in Political Science?
A．London and Tianjin.
B．Amsterdam and London.
C．Amsterdam and Milan.
D．Tianjin and Milan.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“There are 14 bachelor’s degrees on offer that are taught in English，including Political Science，Economics & Business Economics and Actuarial Science.”和最后一段第二句“The one bachelor’s degree offered entirely in EnglishPolitical Science is a threeyear course.”可知，阿姆斯特丹大学和米兰大学都设有政治学专业。故C项正确。
24．What is probably the total cost of a threeyear degree in Britain?
A．￡ 14,400. B．￡ 27,750.
C．￡ 57,600. D．￡ 28,800.
答案 C
解析 数字计算题。根据第四段第五句“The total cost，at ￡ 28,800，is still around half that of a threeyear degree in Britain.”可知，在天津大学四年的总费用是￡ 28,800，是在英国三年学习费用的一半。故在英国三年的学习费用是￡ 57,600。故C项正确。
25．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To introduce some affordable universities.
B．To encourage people to study abroad.
C．To advertise some degree programs.
D．To compare tuition fees and living costs.
答案 A
解析 写作目的题。根据文章第一段可知，在英国的学习费用和生活成本是世界上最高的，在第二段里提出另外三所可供选择的大学，这些大学也提供某些用英语授课的学位课程。所以本文是为了介绍一些学生付得起费用的大学。故A项正确。
话题：社会 难度星级：☆☆
Handwriting is quickly becoming a dying art.Few businesses can run nowadays without computers，giving keyboard shortcuts great importance.Elementary and high schools across the country now view typing courses as vital to their curricula.But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance in society?
Brainpower，according to science.Researchers from Princeton University and the University of California，Los Angeles conducted a series of studies to show the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes.Participants took notes on a lecture using one of the two methods and were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later.The results showed that both types of notetakers did well on the first test，but students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed.These participants were also more open to new ideas.Researchers said that the reason is likely that longhand notes were briefer，more organized，and better caught information from graphs and charts than typed notes.
Another problem with typing notes is the tendency to transcribe lecture notes word for word.While this can help in recalling(回忆起) facts shortterm，it takes the focus away from the main points of the lesson.Students who take handwritten notes need to quickly process the lesson and rewrite it in a way they can understand，giving them an advantage in remembering new concepts in the long term.
Computers aren’t going away anytime soon，but that doesn’t mean paper notebooks need to become abandoned.In fact，it’s best to start using them at an early age.Choosing a pen over a keyboard does wonders for your memory.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。在键盘运用如此广泛的今天，手写依旧彰显出自身的独特魅力和优势：更加简洁、更具条理、更扣要点、更提记忆。
26．Why is handwriting becoming a dying art?
A．It is not important any longer.
B．It is not a must for most people.
C．Courses don’t include it any more.
D．Typing has already taken the place of it.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，要是没有电脑，大多数公司都无法正常运行，这使得键盘快捷键的使用变得格外重要，而且小学、中学的教育也认为打字课程是必不可少的。由此可推知，手写对大多数人来说已不再是必需的。故选B。
27．What did the test prove?
A．Science is as powerful as the brain.
B．Notes are easy to forget as time goes on.
C．Handwriting has a further influence.
D．Typing involves more complicated thoughts.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第四句可知，短期(半小时)之内打字做笔记和手写做笔记并无明显差异，但随着时间的推移(一周后)，相比起来，手写做笔记者依然能够记得并理解讲座(所讲)的概念。由此可见，手写对人有着更深远的影响。故选C。
28．What does the underlined word “transcribe” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Record. B．Present.
C．Describe. D．Give.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段首句可知，打字做笔记带来的另一个问题是，做笔记者可能只是逐字逐句记录内容，却忽视了对要点的关注。故选A。record记录，记载。
29．What conclusion does the author draw from the text?
A．Lecturers prefer typing to handwriting.
B．Computers do wonders for memory.
C．The existence of typing is a matter of time.
D．It is wise to use a pen at an early age.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，虽然电脑不会一下子消失，但这并不意味着纸张笔记本会被废弃。事实上，幼年便开始手写做笔记是最好的选择。故选D。
Ⅳ.七选五
How to Develop Courage by Overcoming Daily Fears
At times，when it comes to courage，we tend to believe it only applies to rare and uncommon situations.Yet our ordinary lives can also be full of courage，even if we are not facing the end of a gun，a wild animal or a dangerous criminal.Courage doesn’t just mean doing heroic acts. 30 In fact，where there is fear on a daily basis，there are opportunities for you to show your courage.Here are some suggestions to develop courage by overcoming daily fears.
Recognizing your fears.
By realizing that you’re fearful，you are more likely to get to the bottom of what your fear is. 31 You might come to understand that you’re afraid of failing or taking chances.You may be fearful simply because you don’t have confidence in yourself.The key is not to dwell on your fear，but rather to understand what it is that you’re worried about.
Ask yourself what is the worst that can happen.
If you hesitate to take action，ask yourself this：what’s the worst that can happen？Then prepare to accept it.Then go on to improve on the worst.Is failure the worst thing that can happen？No，absolutely not. 32 Doing nothing is actually the worst thing that can happen.When you take no action，you are assured of getting nowhere.
Take action.
33 You cannot think courage comes just in one day.You need to act to overcome your fear.Your action may put you into discomfort，but you have to just do it.And your action can prevent you from being stuck.
34
To build up your confidence，you need to do the same thing over and over again.Soon you will discover that less courage is needed because you have already gained mastery.You are able to move decisively forward.
A．Share your fears with others.
B．Practice，practice and practice.
C．So you are already in a comfort zone.
D．Courage comes from taking action.
E．Each undesired result is just one more step towards your goal.
F．Finding out what is truly holding you back.
G．You needn’t wait for an emergency to occur to develop courage.
30．答案 G
解析 根据前文的描述，每天的生活中都可以充满勇气，它并不仅仅是面对危险时做出的英雄行为。故此处衔接为不需要等到紧急情况，故选G。
31．答案 F
解析 根据前一句的描述：你就更有可能去弄清楚自己到底在害怕什么，因此紧接着描述的就应该是查明是什么在阻碍着你。故答案为F。
32．答案 E
解析 前一句说失败不是最坏的事情。而E项：每一个不尽如人意的结果其实是你又向目标靠近了一步。是对上一句进一步的诠释。故选E。
33．答案 D
解析 本段主旨为采取行动。而下一句又说到你不能光想着勇气在一天之内就来了。故D项：勇气来自于行动。承上启下，符合语境。
34．答案 B
解析 根据下文中“you need to do the same thing over and over again”可知是要你不断重复地去训练，练习。故答案为B。
Ⅴ.完形填空
(2018·广东一模)
I am not a class president or a homecoming queen.However，I hope to believe that I may still be 35 for the smiles.I may have entered high school 36 ，but I am leaving high school a strong，confident，and determined young lady.
I am a(n) 37 who spends too much time thinking about the future and not 38 time thinking about today.I am a perfectionist who spends too much time worrying about the 39 and not enough time looking at the big picture.I am a writer who makes 40 flow more smoothly through her pen than through her voice.I am a bookworm who gets too 41 to fictional characters.
In addition to my 42 as a person，I have taken many of the AP classes that my school offers，specialized in the science and healthrelated classes，and have 43 my hardest in all I have done.However，it in no way 44 me from the thousands of extraordinarily talented applicants that I am being 45 to.What I hope sets me apart is that，in high school，not only did I concentrate on becoming an 46 individual，but I also have tried to grow to be a well 47 person in all areas of my life.
When 48 the past four years of high school，I am equally 49 and shocked by my growth as an individual.And now，as this chapter of my life comes to a(n) 50 ，I can’t help but look forward to and be excited by the new challenges and adventures that 51 has to offer me.These 52 experiences in the college will continue my individual development and further my love of 53 .This next step in my life is one that I am 54 for and excited to take.
语篇解读 作者在高中即将毕业之际，回忆了自己的高中生活。从初到高中时的默默无闻，到通过自己的努力成长为自信坚强的全方位发展的女孩。如今大学生活即将开始，作者已经准备好迎接新的挑战。
35．A.challenged B．thanked
C．informed D．appreciated
答案 D
解析 challenge挑战；thank感谢；inform通知；appreciate欣赏。根据语境可知，“我”既不是班长，也不是返校日皇后，可是仍然希望自己的微笑得到别人的欣赏。故选D项。
36．A.quickly B．quietly
C．carefully D．patiently
答案 B
解析 quickly快速地；quietly安静地；carefully认真地；patiently耐心地。根据表转折的but及下文内容可知，此处与“高中毕业时我会成为一位坚强、自信、坚定的女士”的意义相反，由此推知，“我”当初进入高中时，可能默默无闻(没有值得炫耀的地方)。故选B项。
37．A.teacher B．reporter
C．dreamer D．organizer
答案 C
解析 根据设空后的“who spends too much time thinking about the future”可知，“我”是一个梦想家。故选C项。
38．A.previous B．adequate
C．specific D．proper
答案 B
解析 previous之前的；adequate足够的；specific特定的；proper适当的。根据语境可知，此处表示“我”花了太多的时间幻想未来，反倒没有足够的时间考虑现在。故选B项。
39．A.details B．goals
C．comments D．methods
答案 A
解析 detail细节；goal目标；comment评论；method方法。根据设空后的“not enough time looking at the big picture(没有足够的时间关注大局)”可知，此处应该与“大局”形成对比，即“细节”。故选A项。
40．A.hopes B．liquid
C．words D．difficulty
答案 C
解析 hope希望；liquid液体；word文字；difficulty困难。根据设空前的“I am a writer”可知，此处应该是“让文字从笔端流淌出来”。故选C项。
41．A.similar B．close
C．accustomed D．attached
答案 D
解析 be attached to sb./sth.喜欢/依恋某人/某物。根据设空前的“I am a bookworm”可知，“我”着迷于小说虚拟的人物。故选D项。
42．A.growth B．responsibility
C．request D．figure
答案 A
解析 growth成长；responsibility责任；request请求，要求；figure数据，人物。根据第四段第一句中的“I am equally and shocked by my growth as an individual”可知，此处表示“除了‘我’个人的成长”。故选A项。
43．A.checked B．measured
C．used D．tried
答案 D
解析 check检查；measure测量，衡量；use使用；try尝试，努力。此处是指凡事“我”必定竭尽全力。try one’s hardest (to do sth.)尽最大努力(做某事)。故选D项。
44．A.prevents B．concludes
C．separates D．protects
答案 C
解析 prevent阻止；conclude得出结论；separate分开；protect保护。根据下一句的“What I hope sets me apart”可知，此处表示“然而，这还不足以把我和众多我要与之比较的、禀赋过人的申请者区分开来”。separate...from...把……与……区分开，故选C项。
45．A.referred B．compared
C．changed D．connected
答案 B
解析 refer to参考，提到；compare to与……比较；change to变为；connect to与……连接。根据“thousands of extraordinarily talented applicants”可知，“我”与其他申请者之间为竞争关系，所以存在对比。故选B项。
46．A.interested B．important
C．energetic D．educated
答案 D
解析 interested感兴趣的；important重要的；energetic精力充沛的；educated有教养的。根据前文以及常识可知，“我”参加了很多课程，并竭尽全力学习，所以此处应该是指在学校成为一个受过教育的有教养的人。故选D项。
47．A.understood B．impressed
C．rounded D．preserved
答案 C
解析 well rounded全面发展的；根据设空后的“in all areas of my life”可知，此处应该是表达“一个在各个领域全面发展的人”。故选C项。
48．A.using up B．looking back on
C．looking down on D．taking down
答案 B
解析 use up用完；look back on回顾；look down on轻视，看不起；take down记下，拿下。根据空后“the past four years of high school”可知，作者是回首过去四年的高中生活。故选B项。
49．A.relaxed B．embarrassed
C．pleased D．annoyed
答案 C
解析 relaxed放松的；embarrassed尴尬的；pleased欣慰的；annoyed生气的。根据设空后的“shocked by my growth as an individual”可知，作者对自己高中时期的成长感到欣慰和震惊。故选C项。
50．A.end B．term
C．idea D．result
答案 A
解析 根据“the past four years of high school”“new challenges and adventures”可知，高中这一生命的篇章结束了。come to an end结束，故选A项。
51．A.status B．work
C．family D．college
答案 D
解析 根据后文的“in the college”可知，“我”盼望着大学即将带给自己的挑战和冒险。故选D项。
52．A.new B．same
C．usual D．complex
答案 A
解析 根据语境及上句中的“the new challenges and adventures”可知，此处指“新的经历”。故选A项。
53．A.acting B．learning
C．judging D．choosing
答案 B
解析 学校是学习的场所，所以是提高“我”对学习的热爱。故选B项。
54．A.ready B．famous
C．anxious D．grateful
答案 A
解析 ready准备好的；famous著名的；anxious焦虑的；grateful感激的。根据语境可知，“我”已准备好迎接生命的下一阶段。故选A项。
Ⅵ.语法填空
(2018·湖北重点中学联考二)
Have you ever been to London？Which famous sites did you visit？Or，if you haven’t been to，which ones would you check out if you 55. (get) the chance?
Some world famous 56. (culture) sites may already be on your list：Buckingham Palace，Big Ben and the London Tower.However，a tour of London would be incomplete 57. checking out the London art scene.As guidebook London’s Secrets：Museums & Galleries puts it，London’s art is a lot like 58. city itself—“diverse，vast，and in a constant state of flux.” From old masters to street art and everything in between，London has it all.
In fact，according to The Telegraph，museums and galleries were the most 59. (visit) attractions in Britain last year.The British Museum,60. celebrated its 225th anniversary this year，had the most visitors，at 6,701,036.
According to The Art Newspaper，the British Museum’s increased 61. (popular) is down to its exhibitions，particularly its Life and Death in Pompeii and Herculaneum show.
There are more than 7 million artifacts in the British Museum.Not all of 62. are on display，but much of the collection constantly rotates，so you’ll see something new with each visit.So,63. you’re an art lover or just looking for a fun time，you’re sure 64.
(find) inspiration in London.
语篇解读 本文介绍了去伦敦旅游不仅要游玩著名的景点，更重要的是要欣赏伦敦的艺术景点，比如博物馆和画廊等。
55．答案 got/were to get
解析 考查虚拟语气。根据主句中的would可知，该条件状语从句应是对现在或将来的虚拟。故填got/were to get。
56．答案 cultural
解析 考查词性转换。修饰后面的名词sites应用形容词，故填cultural，意为“文化(上)的，和文化有关的”。
57．答案 without
解析 考查介词。根据However可知，作者认为只参观前面提到的著名景点是不够的，所以此处应用一个表示否定的介词。故填without。
58．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。根据本段最后一句中的“London has it all”(伦敦有所有这样的特点)可知，此处是说伦敦的艺术和伦敦这座城市有很多相似之处，所以用表示特指的定冠词。故填the。
59．答案 visited
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处作定语修饰attractions，并且attractions和visit之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故填visited。
60．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。此处是对非限制性定语从句引导词的考查，指代表示物的先行词The British Museum，且在定语从句中作主语。故填which。
61．答案 popularity
解析 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此空是句子的主语，所以应用名词。故填popularity。
62．答案 them
解析 考查代词。根据上下句联系可知，此处应用代词指代上一句的more than 7 million artifacts，介词of后面要用宾格。故填them。
63．答案 whether
解析 考查连词。句意为：所以，无论你是艺术爱好者还是仅仅为了寻找乐趣，在伦敦你一定会发现灵感的。根据后面的or可知，该空应填引导让步状语从句的whether。
64．答案 to find
解析 考查非谓语动词。be sure to do一定会做，为固定搭配。故填to find。
Ⅶ.应用文写作
(2019·浙江“五校联考”第一次考试)
假如你是李华，你的好友Tom想约你明晚和他的家人共进晚餐，但你因故不能应约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：
1．表示歉意；
2．解释原因；
3．弥补方法。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom，
Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear Tom，
Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.Unfortunately，it is much to my regret that I cannot join you and your family，because I will be fully occupied then for an important exam coming the day after tomorrow.I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of such a happy gettogether，and I hope that all of you enjoy a good time.Is it possible for you and me to have a private meeting afterward? If so，please don’t hesitate to drop me a line about your preferable date.I do long for a pleasant chat with you.
Please allow me to say sorry again.
Yours，
Li Hua
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