2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题一Book6Unit3Ahealthylife

1．Early to bed and early to rise makes us healthy, wealthy and happy.

早睡早起使我们健康、富有和快乐。

2．There is a person who plays an important role in my life, which is beyond my description.

有一个人在我生活中起了重要作用，这是我无法用语言描述的。

3．After crossing the finish line, I was so overjoyed to receive my classmates' celebratory high fives proudly, tears of happiness streaming down my cheeks.

跑过终点线，我欣喜若狂，骄傲地接受同学们的击掌祝贺，喜悦的泪水流淌在双颊上。

4．With their heavy burden removed, students can then keep  normal mental health.

去除了繁重的负担，学生可以保持正常的心理健康。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词

(1)abuse (n.& vt.) 滥用；虐待

(2)stress (n.) 压力；重音 (vt.) 加压力于；使紧张→stressful (adj.) 产生压力的；紧张的→stressed (adj.) 焦虑不安的

(3)ban (vt.) 禁止；取缔  (n.) 禁令；谴责

(4)due (adj.) 欠款的；预定的；到期的

(5)automatic (adj.) 无意识的；自动的→automatically (adv.) 无意识地；自动地

(6)mental (adj.) 精神的；智力的→mentally (adv.) 精神上；智力上→physical  (反义词) (adj.) 身体的；肉体的

(7)effect (n.) 结果；效力→effective (adj.) 有效的

(8)strength (n.) 力量→strong (adj.) 强壮的→strengthen (vt.) 加强；巩固；使坚强 (vi.) 变强

(9)desperate (adj.) 绝望的；拼命的

(10)disappointed (adj.) 失望的；沮丧的→disappointing (adj.) 令人失望的→disappoint (vt.) 使失望；使扫兴→disappointment (n.) 失望；沮丧

(11)ashamed (adj.) 感到惭愧或羞耻的

(12)awkward (adj.) 局促不安的；笨拙的

Ⅱ　阅读单词

(1)tough (adj.) 困难的；强硬的

(2)addicted (adj.) 入了迷的；上了瘾的

(3)accustomed (adj.) 惯常的；习惯了的

(4)abnormal (adj.) 畸形的；异常的

(5)unfit (adj.) 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的

(6)illegal (adj.) 不合法的；违法的

(7)survival  (n.) 幸存

(8)prejudice (n.) 偏见；成见

(9)judgement (n.) 看法；判决；判断

(10)embarrassed (adj.) 尴尬的；陷入困境的

　[单句语法填空]

1．The man had so little education that he was ________ (fit) for this job.

答案：unfit

2．This hot weather is ________ (normal) for February.

答案：abnormal

3．If you feel ________ (stress), you should have a rest.

答案：stressed

4．Punishing kids for their bad marks is ________ (mental) damaging.

答案：mentally

5．The film made all of us feel ________. It is really ________. (disappoint)

答案：disappointed; disappointing

6．He ________ (ban) from driving for 6 months.

答案：was banned

7．He really felt ________ (embarrass), but he handled it successfully.

答案：embarrassed

8．It is too soon to make a ________ (judge) about what the outcome will be.

答案：judgement

9．Every day the newspapers tell stories of children worldwide who ________ (abuse)．

答案：are abused

10．It will draw you closer together and it ________ (strengthen) the bond of your relationship.

答案：will strengthen

联想积累

1．否定前缀un­高频形容词一览

①unfit 不合适的；不健康的；不合格的

②unfair 不公平的

③unusual 不寻常的

④unfriendly 不友好的

⑤unfortunate 不幸的

⑥uncomfortable 不舒服的

⑦unimportant 不重要的

⑧unreasonable 不合理的；荒唐的

⑨unhappy 不快乐的

⑩unhealthy 不健康的

2．以­en后缀的高频动词集锦

①strengthen 加强　　　②shorten 缩短

③deepen 加深  ④widen 加宽

⑤broaden 开拓；加宽  ⑥lighten 减轻

⑦threaten 威胁  ⑧sharpen 削尖

⑨lessen 减少  ⑩weaken 削弱

1．due_to  由于……

2．be_addicted_to  对……有瘾

3．accustomed_to  习惯于……

4．decide_on  对……作出决定

5．feel_like_(doing)  想要(做)……

6．in spite of  不顾；不管

7．take risks/a risk  冒险

8．get into  陷入；染上(坏习惯)

9．at risk  处境危险；遭受危险

　[选词填空]

1．He ________ coffee and cannot do anything in the morning until he's had some.

答案：is addicted to

2．He ________ the habit of taking notes when he is reading.

答案：got into

3．After graduating from university, Mary ________ a career in publishing.

答案：decided on

4．If we go to war, innocent lives will be put ________.

答案：at risk

5．________ the bad weather, I had fun meeting friends and relatives.

答案：In spite of

6．Most of them turned up on time; only Tom arrived late ________ the storm.

答案：due to

联想积累

1．get into相关短语面面观

①get into debt 背负债务

②get into trouble 陷入困境

③get into a panic 陷入恐慌

④get into the habit of 养成……习惯

2．“be＋过去分词＋to”必备短语一览

①be addicted to 对……有瘾

②be accustomed to 习惯于……

③be devoted to 献身于；专心于

④be opposed to 反对；不赞成

⑤be related to 与……有关

⑥be used to 习惯于

⑦be reduced to (某人)沦落为

⑧be exposed to 暴露；遭受

答案：As you know

直击重点 突破考点

①　stress　n. 压力；重音　vt. 加压力于；使紧张(P17)

(1)单句语法填空

①Things can easily go wrong when people are ________ stress.

②Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting ________ (stress) in their studies.

答案：①under　②stressed

(2)单句写作

He ________________________ receiving a good education at the meeting.

他在会议上强调了接受良好教育的重要性。

答案：stressed the importance of

(1)under stress 承受压力

suffer from stress 承受压力

lay/place/put stress on ... 强调……

(2)stress that ...  强调……

stress the importance of 强调……的重要性

(3)stressful adj. 产生压力的；紧张的(指物)

(4)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的(指人)[不用于名词前]

②　addicted　adj. 入了迷的；上了瘾的(P18)

(1)单句语法填空

①You can always see young people and even adults ________ (addict) to the computer games.

②Addicted to ________ (play) the violin, he didn't notice it was raining outside.

答案：①addicted　②playing

(2)单句改错

It does not take long to become addicted on drugs.

_______________________________________________________________

答案：on→to

(3)单句写作

The treatment for people ______________ mobile phones includes exercising outdoors and communicating with others.

对沉迷手机的人的治疗方法包括户外锻炼和与人沟通。

答案：addicted to

(1)be/become/get addicted to (doing) sth. 沉溺于(做)某事

(2)addict n. 吸毒上瘾的人；对……着迷的人

TV/sports addict 电视/体育迷

(3)addiction n. 癖好；上瘾；热衷

“addict; addicted; addiction”等在表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”时，都和介词to连用。

③　effect　n. 结果；影响；效力(P18)

单句语法填空

①While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its ________ (effect) have been positive.

②Although these measures are not ________ (effect) forever, they are vital for now.

③The medicine also has a positive effect ________ the heart and blood flow.

答案：①effects　②effective　③on

(1)have a big/no effect on 对……有很大/没有影响

take effect 开始实施；生效；见效

come into effect 生效；开始实施

bring/put sth. into effect 使生效；实行；实施

in effect 事实上；实际上；有效；在实施中

be of no effect 无效果的

side effect 副作用

(2)effective adj. 有效的；起作用的；实际的

④　ashamed　adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的(P19)

(1)单句语法填空

①I was ashamed ________ (tell) him that I had failed.

②Everyone cries sometimes—it is nothing to be ashamed ________.

答案：①to tell　②of

(2)单句写作

She ought to be thoroughly ______________ herself—talking to her mother like that!

她应该感到无地自容才对——她怎么能那样和她母亲说话！

答案：ashamed of

(1)be ashamed to be/do ...  耻于是/做……

feel/be ashamed of (doing) sth. 为(做)某事感到羞愧

be ashamed that ... 对……感到内疚

(2)shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧

It's a shame/pity that ... /What a shame/pity that ...  ……真让人感到遗憾

What a shame！/It's a shame！/It's a pity! 真可惜！

(3)shameful adj. 可耻的；丢脸的

①　accustomed to 习惯于……(表状态)(P18)

(1)单句语法填空

①Her eyes quickly became accustomed ________ the dark.

②He was a person ________ (accustom) to a comfortable life.

答案：①to　②accustomed

(2)单句写作

It took a while for me to ________________ all the new rules and regulations.

我过了一段时间才适应了所有的新规章制度。

答案：accustom myself to

(1)be accustomed/used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)

get/become accustomed/used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)

(2)accustom vt. 使习惯

accustom oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己习惯于(做)某事

②　in spite of 不管；不顾(P20)

单句写作

①I still enjoyed the voluntary work ______________.

尽管天气不好，志愿者活动中我感觉还是很愉快的。

②________________ I was very nervous when singing the song, I felt proud of myself because I tried my best.

尽管我唱歌的时候有点紧张，我仍然感到自豪，因为我尽力了。

答案：①despite/in spite of the bad weather　②In spite of/Despite the fact that

(1)despite 尽管，虽然(后接名词，相当于in spite of)

(2)in spite of/despite the fact that ... (同位语从句)

＝(al) though＋从句 虽然……；尽管……

③　take risks/a risk 冒险(P20)

(1)单句语法填空

①He risked ________ (lose) everything this time to regain what he had lost in the gambling (赌博)．

②Never put your family ________ risk.

答案：①losing　②at

(2)单句写作

①He saved the boy's life ________________ his own.

他冒着失去生命的危险救了这个小男孩。

②I could not ______________ leaving him alone even for a short time.

我不能冒险留下他独自一人，哪怕是一会儿也不行。

答案：①at the risk of losing　②run/take the risk of

(1)at risk 处境危险；遭受危险

at all risks＝at any risk 无论冒什么险，无论如何

at the risk of doing sth. 冒着……的风险

run/take the risk of sth./doing sth. 冒……的危险/冒险做某事

(2)risk one's life 冒生命危险

risk doing sth. 冒险做某事

①　[教材原句]Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.(P18)

你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你觉得很难把它戒掉。

单句写作

①I think ________ important to get along well with others.

我认为与别人和睦相处是重要的。

②The new method makes ____________ to complete the task on time.

新的方法使得准时完成任务成为了可能。

③The headmaster has made ________ clear ________ the sports meeting will not be put off.

校长说得很清楚，运动会不会推迟。

答案：①it　②it possible　③it; that

该句中“finding it difficult to give it up”为固定句式，即“find/think/consider/make/feel等＋it＋宾语补足语(adj./n.)＋to do/that从句”，该句式中，it为形式宾语，to do不定式或that从句为真正的宾语。此外，it还可以充当形式主语。

②　[教材原句]．.. , I knew it was time to quit smoking.(P18)

……，我知道是我该戒烟的时候了。

(1)单句语法填空

①It is time ________ (solve) the problem.

②It is high time we students ________ (work) even harder at our lessons as the exam is coming nearer.

答案：①to solve　②worked/should work

(2)单句改错

It was the third time that he has made the same mistake.

_______________________________________________________________

答案：was→is或has→had

It's time to do sth. 到了做某事的时间了

It's time for sth. 到了做某事的时间了

It's (high/about) time (that) sb. did/should do ... 某人早该做/某人该做某事了

It/This/That is/was the first/second ... time that sb. has/had done sth. 这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事

课文回练 升华运用

It's easy for you to start smoking, but once you become __1__ (addict) to it, you may find __2__ difficult for you to quit. Firstly, you may become __3__ (physics) addicted to nicotine. Secondly, you may develop the habit of smoking and finally become __4__ (mental) addicted to  it.

Smoking may have all kinds of __5__ (harm) effects on the health of both the smokers themselves and non­smokers around  them.  It  not  only  affects  your physical fitness, but also __6__ harm to your heart and lungs and causes a variety of diseases. So, it's important that one quit __7__ (smoke) and live a healthier life.

To quit smoking, you should be well­prepared and make a list of all the benefits you may get after quitting. __8__ (develop) some new habits like listening to music, reading novels or doing housework may distract your attention and help you to forget your need for a cigarette. But if you really feel bad, you should consult __9__ doctor or chemist to get some professional help. Remember, if you keep trying, you will __10__ (eventual) succeed.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________

答案：1.addicted　2.it　3.physically　4.mentally　5.harmful　6.does　7.smoking　8.Developing　9.a　10.eventually

基础达标 自主训练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Having been here for two years, I have been accustomed to ________ (live) in such a noisy place.

答案：living　be accustomed to (doing) sth. “习惯于(做)某事”。

2．People can easily become ________ (mental) addicted to drugs when they start taking them.

答案：mentally　句意：当人们开始吸毒时，他们可能会很容易从精神上依赖毒品。副词作状语修饰谓语动词短语become addicted to。

3．It is easy for adolescents to get ________ the bad habit of smoking.

答案：into　get into the habit of ...  “养成……习惯”。

4．The driver was to blame for his careless driving, so a lot of money was due to ________ (pay) by the driver.

答案：be paid　be due to do ...  “按理应该做……”。pay与money之间存在被动关系，故应填be paid。

5．________ (addict) to poetry, he hoped one day to be a poet himself.

答案：Addicted　(be) addicted to ...  “沉迷于……”，此处为过去分词在句首作状语。

6．Farmers are now worried that the rain will have a very bad effect ________ the crops.

答案：on　have a bad effect on ...  “对……有坏的影响”。

7．It is a shame __________ we should have lost such an important customer.

答案：that　It is a shame that ...  “真可惜/真遗憾……”，为固定句式。

8．You will risk ________ (get) wet, because it may rain.

答案：getting　risk doing ...  “冒险做……”。

9．I feel ________ my duty that I should devote myself to teaching.

答案：it　句意：我感到致力于教学是我的责任。it在句中作形式宾语，that从句为真正的宾语。

10．It is the second time that he ________ (participate) in the Olympic Games.

答案：has participated　It/This/That is/was the first/second ...  time that sb. have/had done sth. “这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事”。

Ⅱ.单句写作

1．You'd better not ____________ (决定) important matters too quickly.

答案：decide on

2．With the summer holidays approaching, I ____________ (想要) taking a driving course and trying to get my driving license.

答案：feel like

3．English became the official language for business ____________ the fact that the population was largely Chinese.

虽然当地居民主要是中国人，英语却成了商业上正式使用的语言。

答案：in spite of/despite

4．_______________________________________________________________

不要浪费时间沉迷于玩电脑游戏了。(be addicted to)

答案：Don't waste time being addicted to playing computer games.

5．______________________________________________________________

他发现很难使自己习惯于早睡。(it作形式宾语)

答案：He found it difficult to accustom himself to going to bed early.

Ⅲ.语法填空

A survey showed a child, who has been protected and habitually given whatever he wants, will always put __1__ (him)  first. He will be ignorant of  his parents' efforts. When he starts work, he __2__ (assume) that every person must listen to him, and when he becomes a manager, he will never know the sufferings of his __3__ (employ) and will always blame others.

For this kind of person, __4__ may be good academically and may be __5__ (success) for a while, eventually he will not feel the sense of __6__ (achieve).  If we are  protective parents of this kind, are we really showing love or are we destroying our children instead?

You can let your children live in __7__ big house, eat a good meal, learn the piano, watch a big screen TV. But when you are cutting grass, please let them experience __8__.

After a meal, let them wash their plates and bowls together with their brothers and sisters. It is not because you do not have money to hire a maid. You want them __9__ (understand), no matter how rich their parents are, one day their hair will grow gray.

The most important things are that your children learn how to appreciate the effort and experience the difficulty and learn how to work with others to get things __10__ (do)．

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明被溺爱的孩子往往会很自私，因此让孩子适度体验生活的艰难对他们会有好处。

1．himself　考查代词。此处指“总是将他自己放在首位”，与主语a child形成互指关系，故用反身代词。

2．will assume　考查动词的时态。根据语境，此处叙述在某种情况下是真实或可能的事，应用“助动词will＋动词原形”；从句“When he starts work”用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时。下文中的“when he becomes a manager, he will never know the sufferings ...”亦是提示。

3．employees　考查词性转换。他永远也不会知道他下属的痛苦。空格前的“his”表明，此处应用名词，且此处用名词复数形式表泛指。

4．who　考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词person，并在定语从句中作主语，故用who。

5．successful　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作表语，故用形容词successful。

6．achievement　考查词性转换。此处意为“成就感”，且在of后作介词的宾语，故用名词形式。

7．a　考查冠词。此处指让你的孩子住在一个大房子里，表泛指，故用不定冠词，应填a。

8．it　考查代词。你割草时让他们来体验一下。此处用it指代割草这件事。

9．to understand　考查非谓语动词。want sb.to do sth.为固定用法，意为“想要某人做某事”。

10．done　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“事情被做”，表被动含义应用过去分词作宾补，构成get sth. done结构。

Ⅳ.短文改错

(2020·四川省成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)One Saturday morning, I suddenly noticed my room was a completely mess, what really annoyed me. I realized too many useful things took up a lot of space. So I decided to throw it away and do some cleaning. It took me a whole day get all the works done. Finally the room was tidy again and everything was in the order.

This was also true for life: we add more and more to our life, hoped to get a better life. But sometimes the more we add, the bad our life becomes. After all, sometimes less is more.

答案：

One Saturday morning, I suddenly noticed my room was a  mess,  really annoyed me. I realized too many  things took up a lot of space. So I decided to throw  away and do some cleaning. It took me a whole day get all the  done. Finally the  room was tidy again and everything was in  order.

This  also true for life: we add more and more to our life,  to get a better life. But sometimes the more we add, the   our life becomes. After all, sometimes less is more.

难项分析：

第三处：useful→useless　考查形容词。根据后文“throw”可知，作者要扔掉这些东西，所以这些东西是“无用的”而不是“有用的”，故将useful改为useless。

第七处：去掉the　考查固定搭配。in order为固定搭配，意为“整齐”，中间没有冠词，故去掉冠词the。

第九处：hoped→hoping　考查非谓语动词。hoping to get a better life在句中作状语，hope与逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词，故将hoped改为hoping。